a study on healthy lifestyle of applied psychology students

7/28/2019 A Study on Healthy Lifestyle Of Applied Psychology Students

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UNIVERSITY OF YANGON

DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY

ASTUDY ON HEALTHY LIFESTYLE OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY

STUDENTS

(TERM PAPER)

NAME : Maung Phone Myat Kyaw

ROLL NO. : D.A.Psy - II - 30

YANGON

2012


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A STUDY ON HEALTHY LIFESTYLE OF APPLIED

PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS

(TERM PAPER)

NAME : Maung Phone Myat Kyaw

ROLL NO. : D.A.Psy - II - 30

A Term-paper submitted to the Board of Examiners in Psychology

Department, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Post

Graduate Diploma in Applied Psychology and accepted on the

recommendations of:

Daw Khin Lat Daw Thet Htar WinChairperson External Examiner

Part-Time Professor Associate Professor (Retd.)Department of Psychology Department of Psychology

University of Yangon University of Distance Education

Dr. Maung Maung NaingSupervisor

Assistant Lecturer

Department of PsychologyUniversity of Yangon


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CONTENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

Page

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Objective

2.0 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 3

2.1 Definition of Health and Lifestyle

2.2 Theories of Lifestyle Change

2.3 Health Education and Promotion

2.4 Healthy Lifestyle

3.0 METHODOLOGY 9

3.1 Purpose

3.2 Participants

3.3 Instrument

3.4 Procedure

4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 10

4.1 Results

4.2 Discussion

5.0 CONCLUSION 21

REFERENCES

APPENDIX


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my gratitude to Pro-Rector Dr. Aung Myat

Kyaw Sein, Mawlamyaing University for his supervision, advice, guidance

and help to complete this term paper properly.

To late Professor Dr. Khin Aye Win, Retired Professor and Head of

Psychology Department, University of Yangon, for letting us to know how

important Psychology is for our daily life and her greatest effort in

teaching during the course.

To Professor Daw Khin Lat, Retired Professor and Head of

Psychology Department, Dagon University, for invaluable lectures along

the course of study on the Post Graduate Diploma in Applied Psychology.

I would like to thank to Supervisor Dr. Maung Maung Naing,

Assistant Lecturer, Psychology Department, University of Yangon, for

helping me to complete the term paper.

Thanks are also to all students from Applied Psychology 14th batch

for their extremely helpful contribution and cooperation in collecting the

necessary data and information.

It is our pleasure to express our sincere thanks to all members of

the teachers and staffs of Psychology Department, University of Yangon,

for their constant encouragement and help during this term paper work.

Finally, I wish to deeply express gratitude and appreciation to all

persons who have helped in writing this term paper.


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ABSTRACT

This paper was entitled A Study on Healthy Lifestyle of Applied

Psychology Students. The purpose was to study the healthy lifestyle of

Applied Psychology students, Department of Psychology, University of

Yangon. This study was designed to analyze the lifestyle factors upon

health of the eighty participants who attended Applied Psychology Class,

Department of Psychology, University of Yangon. The lifestyle

questionnaire, comprised 22 items were constructed as instrument that

based on theoretical background and administered to the participants. In

this study, it was generally found that most of the participants from this

study had bad habits such as eating food from street vendors, and not

doing regular exercise and medical check-up regularly and some used to

smoke and narcotic drug even they had higher education and health

knowledge. On the other hand, it was good to see that all the participants

would have the great healthy life style if they avoid their unhealthy habits.


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1.0 IntroductionHealth is freedom from disease and sickness. Without being in good

health, we cannot do anything and also cannot get any success and

cannot improve our life. Therefore, we cannot deny that health is the

primary need for every one of us.

Health is the mother of happiness. Health is the best wealth. It is

better than grain and gold. It is much better than land or building. You

may be the master of millions. But if you are in bad health, what the sure

one you have to face is you cannot get any pleasure by using and

applying your wealth and properties. In addition, if you are sufferingphysically painful and if you are ill in bed, you cannot earn anymore. On

contrary, if you have good health, you have energy to earn for your

wealth and resistance in any struggle.

Good health knowledge and awareness contributes to good health

behaviour and in turn results in good health status. The health

knowledge about the impact of imbalanced diet, unhealthy lifestyle, and

nature and etiology of common communicable diseases and non-

communicable diseases, are the basics concepts of healthy living. Health

belief is belief that the individual has acquired from his community and

from his past experience to give him a basic to explain and to take action

in matters related to health and illness.

Health psychology is one of the fields of applied psychology that is

just over ten years old although the issues involved have been concern

for a very long time. Health psychology is the study of psychological or

behavioural factors effecting physical health and illness.

At one time, our major health problems involved infectious diseases

such as influenza, pneumonia, and tuberculosis. Now, however, these

problems have been largely brought under control. Currently, the major

health problems faced by citizens of industrialized nations are

preventable disorders such as heart diseases, cancer, obesity, and


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diabetes. These problems are called preventable because they result at

least in part from health behaviours that people can control.

Health behaviours are actions undertaken by people who are healthy

to enhance or maintain their good health. The importance of basic health

habits was illustrated in a classic study conducted by the scientists,

Bellow and Breslow (1972). They began by defining seven important

health habits: sleeping 7 to 8 hours a night, not smoking, eating

breakfast each day, having no more than one or two alcoholic drinks

each day, getting regular exercise, not eating between meals, and being

no more than 10 percent overweight.

The results of the study reflected healthy lifestyle of students from

Applied Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Yangon. The

prosperity of Nation depends upon the health of its citizens. Thus, it was

considered to be interesting and beneficial to study of healthy lifestyle of

Applied Psychology students.

1.1 Objective

The objective was to study the healthy lifestyle of Applied Psychology

students, Department of Psychology, University of Yangon.


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2.0 THEORECTICAL BACKGROUND

2.1 Definition of Health and Lifestyle

2.1.1 Definition of Health

World Health Organization (WHO) defined health as a state of

complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the

absence of disease or infirmity.

2.1.2 Definition of Lifestyle

Lifestyle is one of the most significant factors affecting health.

Lalonde (1975) defines lifestyle as the health-related decisions and

behaviours that are, to an extent, controlled by individuals. Lifestyle

plays a critical role in health promotion and the prevention and

treatment of disease. Lifestyle involves many of the psychological and

social factors that are excluded from the biomedical model.

2.2 Theories of Lifestyle Change

Operant conditioning is just one factor in the development of healthy

lifestyles. Several theories have been applied to the problem of

understanding health-related behaviours. Three of the most commonly

used theories are self-efficacy theory (Bandura, 1977), health belief model

(Becker, 1974), and reasoned action theory (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980).

2.2.1 Self-efficacy Theory

Self-efficacy is the degree to which we believe we are capable of

meeting some particular challenge. According to Bandura (1982), our

self-efficacy judgments determine our choice of activities and settings.

Self-efficacy also influences how much effort we will expend when we are

faced with obstacles.


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2.2.2 Health Belief Model

The health belief model was developed to apply specifically to health-

related behaviours (Becker, 1974). According to this model, our health-

related behaviours can be predicted by our assessments of (1) the

perceived threat of illness or injury, and (2) the costs and benefits of the

particular behaviour (Becker & Rosenstock, 1984).

2.2.3 Reasoned Action Theory

Reasoned action theory (Fishbein & Ajzen 1975; Ajzen & Fishbein

1980) states that intention is the best predictor of behaviour. An

intention toward behaviour is influenced by our attitude toward that

behaviour. This attitude is influenced by the strength of belief that the

behaviour will result in a certain outcome and the evaluation of the

outcome. Intention is also determined by what we believe other people

think about our ability to obtain a certain outcome and how they

evaluate that outcome. That is called the subjective norm.

2.3 Health Education and Promotion

Education is an important mechanism for enhancing the health and

well-being of individuals because it reduces the need for health care, the

associated costs of dependence, lost earning and human suffering. It also

helps promote and sustain healthy lifestyles and positive choices,

supporting and nurturing human development, human relationships and

personal, family and community well-being.

Health education improves the health status of individuals, families,

communities, states and the nation. Health education enhances the

quality of life for all people. Health education reduces premature deaths.

By focusing on prevention, health education reduces the costs (both

financial and human) that individuals, employers, families, insurance

companies, medical facilities, communities, states and the nation would

spend on medical treatment.


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2.4 Healthy Lifestyle

2.4.1 Healthy Diet and Unhealthy Diet

A healthy is one of that helps maintain or improve general health. It

is important for lowering many chronic health risks, such as obesity,

diabetes, hypertension and cancer. A healthy diet involves consuming

appropriate amounts of all essential nutrients and an adequate amount

of water. A healthy diet needs to have a balance of macronutrients (fats,

proteins and carbohydrates), calories to support energy needs, and

micronutrients to meet the needs for human nutrition without including

toxicity or excessive weight gain from consuming.

An unhealthy diet is a major risk factor for a number of chronic

diseases including: high blood pressure, diabetes, abnormal blood liquids,

overweight/obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer.

2.4.2 Eating Disorders

Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder marked by (1) an insistence on

below-normal body weight, (2) intense fear of gaining weight or becoming

fat, (3) distorted body image and (4) amenorrhea (absence of

menstruation). It is usually suspected when weight is 15 percent below

the expected weight for a given age and height.

Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder marked by recurrent episodes

of binge eating accompanied by a sense of loss of control.

2.4.3 Obesity

Obesity is an excessive accumulation of fat, most notably in the

subcutaneous tissues located immediately beneath the skin (Dox, Melloni,

& Eisner, 1985).

Weight control diets aim to maintain a controlled weight. In most

cases dieting is used in combination with physical exercise to lose weight

in those who are overweight or obese.


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Diets to promote weight loss are generally divided into four categories:

low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, and very low calorie.

2.4.4 Drug Addiction

Drug addiction can be defined as the compulsive use of a

psychoactive substance to produce pleasure or to avoid physical or

emotional discomfort.

The drug controls the behaviour of the user who is driven by a strong,

overpowering urge to use the substances. The behaviour may be

described as abusive or compulsive, irresistible, or habitual.

The drug is a psychoactive or mind-altering substance. A

psychoactive drug is one that reaches the central nervous system and

modifies brain functions. These modifications may include changes in

mood, feeling, thinking, perception, and behaviour.

The drug act as a reinforce that strengthens the tendency for the

individual to self-administer it. Addiction occurs through positive and

negative reinforcement. Positive reinforcement brings pleasure and

negative reinforcement reduces distress or pain.

2.4.5 Smoking and Passive Smoking

Smoking is one of the most common forms of recreational drug use

and is a practice in which a substance, most commonly tobacco or

cannabis, is burned and the smoke is tasted or inhaled. The most

common methods of smoking today are through cigarettes. Other

smoking implements include pipes, cigars, hookahs, vaporizers, and

bongs.

Cigarettes contain more than 4000 chemical compounds and at least

400 toxic substances. Today medical studies have proven that smoking

tobacco is among the leading causes of many diseases such as lung

cancer, heart attacks, can also lead to birth defects and so on.


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Nonsmokers who are forced to breathe smoke-filled air are called

passive smokers. Passive smoking is the involuntary exposure of

nonsmokers to the effects of tobacco smoke.

Passive smoke has been known to cause higher rates of lower

respiratory infections, including bronchitis and pneumonia. It also

contributes to an increased amount of upper respiratory irritation and

infections.

2.4.6 Alcoholism

Alcohol is a colorless, flammable liquid made from fermented sugars

and starches. It serves many purposes and comes in many forms, from

solvent to fine wines.

There may be actually being two types of alcoholism (Goodwin, 1988).

These are most often referred to as Type 1 and Type 2 alcoholism. Type 1

alcoholism is described as a mild from that tends to appear later in life

and rarely requires treatment. Type 2 alcoholism is a severe form that is

more likely to require treatment.

The short-term effects of alcohol can range from impaired decision

making to death. Large amounts of alcohol consumed in short periods

can paralyze the most primitive vital reflex centers. The long-term effects

of excessive alcohol use are associated with malnutrition and a variety of

central nervous system disorders, including dementia, vision problems,

inability to stand or walk, mental confusion, apathy, and memory

problems (Charness, Simon, & Greenberg, 1989).

People who drink heavily are at higher risk for cancers of the head

and neck, large bowel, liver, and breast, all of which have been linked to

excessive alcohol intake (Greenwald & Sondik, 1986).

The symptoms of alcohol withdraw may include nausea and vomiting,

insomnia, nightmares, confusion, and agitation. Signs of autonomic

hyperactivity may also be present, such as; rapid heartbeat, extremelyhigh fever, and profuse sweating.


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2.4.7 Stress and Coping

Stress is an emotional and physical response to threats from outside

the world. Is also mental and physical condition that occurs when a

person must adjust or adapt to the environment. Stress is the process of

adjusting to dealing with circumstances that disrupt, or threaten to

disrupt a persons physical or psychological functioning. There are two

kinds of stress, Eustress is a good kind of stress and Distress is a

negative stress that in the long term can jeopardize health.

Coping refers to the process by which we attempt to manage stressful

demands. Cognitive coping strategies involve changing how people

interpret stressors. It replaces catastrophic thinking with thoughts in

which stressors are viewed as challenges rather than threats to self-

esteem. Cognitive coping does not eliminate stressors, but it can make

them less threatening and disruptive. Behaviour coping strategies paying

attention to the total load of stressors and acting to keep it within

manageable limits. Time management is one form of behavioural coping.

People also cope with stress by directly altering their physical responses

before, during, or after stressors occurs.

2.4.8 Exercise

The human body was designed for an active life. We become painfully

aware of this fact when we sit in front of a computer terminal all day or

spend long hours in a cramped airplane or car. Exercise appears to help

in the management of diabetes, obesity, and depression (Koplan,

Caspersen, & Powell 1989).

Physical exercise is any bodily activity that enhances or maintains

physical fitness and overall health and wellness. It is performed for

various reasons including strengthening muscles and the cardiovascular

system, honing athletic skills, weight loss or maintenance, as well as for

the purpose of enjoyment.


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3.0 METHODOLOGY

3.1 Purpose

The main purpose was to study the healthy lifestyle of AppliedPsychology students from Department of Psychology, University of

Yangon.

3.2 Participants

A total number of participants were eighty persons. 28 Males and

52 females were participants. Their age range is from 21 to 53 years.

3.3 Instrument

A questionnaire named a study of life style factors upon health was

used as instrument that based on theoretical background. This included

22 items which consisted of Yes and No. Items were described as

positive and negative items. The negative items were items no. 5, 12, 13,

14 and 15. The remaining items were positive items.

3.4 Procedure

Eighty Applied Psychology students were given the questionnaire,

in the class room of applied psychology course, Department of Psychology,

University of Yangon. They had to choose one answer from the given

question. All items must be attempted. Finally, data were analyzed by

computing percentages.


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4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Under this topic, results of lifestyle factors upon health of the

Applied Psychology students, Psychology Department, University of

Yangon were presented. And the last part under this topic was

discussions for the findings.

4.1 Results

Results were analyzed by computing percentages. The results were

presented in the following tables.

Table (1) Response to Item No1

Item No Item Good Normal Total

1 Your present health status? f 39 41 80

% 48.8 51.2 100

Table (1) shows the present health status of participants. In this table,

48.8% of participants answered they were in good health and 51.2% of

participants answered they were in normal health.


Item No Item Yes No Total

2 Do you take a regular exercise

for your health?

f 27 53 80

% 33.8 66.2 100

Table (2) shows the status of participants who take regular exercise

for their health. In this table, 33.8% of participants answered Yes and

66.2% of participants answered No. It can clearly see that most of the

participants are rarely take regular health exercise.


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3 Do you maintain your body

weight?

f 34 46 80

% 42.5 57.5 100

Table (3) shows the status of participants who maintain their body

weight. In this table, 42.5% of participants answered Yes and 57.5% of

participants answered No. According to the data, people have no strong

sense that maintains their body weight.



4 Do you eat regularly at

mealtime for your health?

f 39 41 80

% 48.8 51.2 100

Table (4) shows the status of participants who have their mealtime

regularly for their health. In this table, 48.8% of participants answered

Yes and 51.2% of participants answered No. It can clearly see that

nearly half of the participants have their meal regularly for their health.



5 Do you eat food from street

vendors?

f 55 25 80

% 68.8 31.2 100

Table (5) shows the status of participants who use to have food from

street vendors. In this table, 68.8% of participants eating food from street

vendors and 31.2% of participants answered No. It shows that most of

the participants buy and eat food from the street vendors.


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6 Do you keep away from the

food that is not good for your

health?

f 52 28 80

% 65 35 100

Table (6) shows the condition of participants who keep away from the

food that is not good for their health. In this table, 65% of participants

answered Yes and 35% of participants answered No. It can clearly see

that most of the participants do not use to have the food that is not goodfor their health. It can also assume that they have a sense of not to take

the bad food.



7 Do you meditate for health? f 30 50 80

%

37.5 62.5 100

Table (7) shows the situation participants who meditate for health. In

this table, 37.5% of participants answered Yes and 62.5% of

participants answered No. According to the data, it can see that only few

participants have meditation exercise for their health.


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8 Do you consult with health

personnel for your health?

f 42 38 80

% 52.5 47.5 100

Table (8) shows the status of participants who use to consult with

health personnel for their health. In this table, 52.5% of participants

answered Yes and 47.5% of participants answered No. It shows that

only half of the participants used to consult with health personnel for

their health.



9 Do you follow the instruction of

health personnel?

f 47 33 80

% 58.8 41.2 100

Table (9) shows the number of participants who follow the instruction

of health personnel. In this table, 58.8% of participants answered Yes

and 41.2% of participants answered No. The data shows that over half of

the participants believe and rely on health personnel for their health.



10 Do you have medical check-up

regularly?

f 13 67 80

% 16.2 83.8 100

Table (10) shows the status of participants who use to have medical

check-up regularly. In this table, 16.2% of participants answered Yes

and 83.3% of participants answered No. It can clearly see that most of

the participants are not use to check-up their health regularly.


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11 Do you read health education

papers and magazines or watch

health educational programs

on TV?

f 66 14 80

% 82.5 17.5 100

Table (11) shows the status of participants who use to read health

education papers and magazines or watching health educational

programs on TV. In this table, 82.5% of participants answered Yes and17.5% of participants answered No. The data shows that most of the

participants use to read health related articles through varieties of media

such as, journal, magazines and TV program. It can be assumed that

participants can get health awareness through these media.



12 Do you usually smoke? f 5 75 80

% 6.2 93.8 100

Table (12) shows the status of participants who have smoking habit.

In this table, 6.2% of participants usually smoking and 93.8% of

participants answered No. According to the above data, almost all the

participants do not smoke and it can show that they are practicing a

good health habit.


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13 Do you usually betel chewing? f 4 76 80

% 5 95 100

Table (13) shows the number of participants who usually chew betel.

In this table, 5% of participants usually betel chewing and 95% of

participants answered No. It can clearly see that most of the participants

rarely chew the betel.



14 Do you usually drink alcohol? f 1 79 80

% 1.2 98.8 100

Table (14) shows the status of participants who usually drink alcohol.

In this table, 1.2% of participants usually drink alcohol and 98.8% of

participants answered No. According to the data, nearly all participants

have no habit of drinking alcohol.



15 Have you (experience) tried

narcotic drugs?

f 6 74 80

% 7.5 92.5 100

Table (15) shows the status of participants who used to try narcotic

drugs. In this table, 7.5% of participants have experience to use narcotic

drugs and 92.5% of participants answered No. The data shows that

most of the participants never try to take narcotic drugs.


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16 Do you like early sleeping and

early wake-up habit?

f 52 28 80

% 65 35 100

Table (16) shows the status of participants who have the habit of

early sleeping and early wake-up habit. In this table, 65% of participants

answered Yes and 35% of participants answered No. It can clearly see

that over half of the participants have a good habit.



17 Do you eat vegetables for your

health?

f 77 3 80

% 96.2 3.8 100

Table (17) shows the status of participants who have vegetables for

their health. In this table, 96.2% of participants answered Yes and 3.8%

of participants answered No. The data shows that nearly all the

participants have vegetables for their health and it shows that they want

to possess a healthy life.


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18 Do you supplement medicines

and nutritious foods for your

health?

f 43 37 80

% 53.8 46.2 100

Table (18) shows condition of the participants who add-on medicines

and nutritious foods for their health. In this table, 53.8% of participants

answered Yes and 46.2% ofparticipants answered No. According to the

data, over half of the participants depend on supplement medicines andnutritious food for their health.



19 Do you like Chinese / Indian

foods?

f 62 18 80

% 77.5 22.5 100

Table (19) shows the status of participants who like to have Chinese

/ Indian foods. In this table, 77.5% of participants answered Yes and

22.5% of participants answered No.



20 Do you like to cook food? f 65 15 80

% 81.2 18.8 100

Table (20) shows the number of participants who like to cook food. In

this table, 81.2% of participants answered Yes and 18.8% of

participants answered No.


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21 Do you like fresh fish, meat

and prawn?

f 77 3 80

% 96.2 3.8 100

Table (21) shows the status of participants who like fresh fish, meat

and prawn. In this table, 96.2% of participants answered Yes and 3.8%

of participants answered No.



22 Do you like vegetables? f 77 3 80

% 96.2 3.8 100

Table (22) shows the status of participants who like vegetables. In

this table, 96.2% of participants answered Yes and 3.8% of participants

answered No.


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4.2 Discussion

Eighty Applied Psychology students (28 Males and 52 Females) from

the Applied Psychology class, Psychology Department, University of

Yangon were asked to answer a constructed questionnaire comprising 22

items. Their age range is from 21 to 53 years.

According to the results, the health status of Applied Psychology

students in this study is generally normal. Few of them take regular

exercise and do meditate for their health. Nearly half of them maintain

their body weight and eating regular mealtime. Furthermore, although

almost all the participants have a strong sense that having food from the

street vendors can give negative effect on their health they still buy and

have from the street vendors. In addition, they use to keep away from the

food which is not fresh and can get negative effect for their health.

Just few participants from this study do meditate. Over half of

participants consult with health personnel for their health and follow the

instruction of health personnel because of their knowledge and attitudes

towards good health. Thus, it can clearly see that people depend on

health personnel for their health.

It is rare for the participants to take medical check-up regularly.

According to the findings, it can see that they hardly take medical check-

up because people in those days are loaded with jobs. Majority of

Myanmar families residing in country side has household medicines and

traditional medicines when they suffered a minor illness. They take self-

treatment with household medicines or some other traditional remedies

but most of the city people go to the general clinic when they are ill.

Nearly all the participants get health education from different kinds of

sources such as, health education papers, magazines and also health

education TV programs.


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Moreover, it can say that most of the participants are living in healthy

lifestyle because it is rare to see the participants who use to smoke, chew

betel, drink alcohol and try narcotic drugs.

Furthermore, over half of the participants have the habit of early

sleeping and early wake-up habit. Most of participants eat food from

street vendors. Few participants take medical check-up regularly.

However, a yearly health checkup after the age of 40 is also a must.

Nearly all of participants like vegetables, fresh fish, meat and prawn.

Over half of the participants take supplement medicines and nutritious

foods for their health and it is a must for the people who are over 40

years old.

Almost all the participants like to have Chinese / Indian foods. Most

of the Chinese foods do not use much oil and most of the Indian foods

base by bean that are really good for health. They also like to cook food

themselves is one of the healthy habit.

Generally, the participants in this study having higher education

level and health knowledge but some still usually have bad habits such

as eating food from street vendors, not doing regular exercise and

medical check-up, betel chewing, drinking alcohol, smoking and trying

narcotic drugs. They need to avoid these unhealthy habits to have own

healthy lifestyle.


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5.0 CONCLUSION

The purpose of this study was to study the healthy lifestyle of Applied

Psychology students from Department of Psychology, University of

Yangon. The participants in this study were students from Applied

Psychology Class, Department of Psychology, University of Yangon. There

were altogether eighty participants, 28 males and 52 females. The

instrument we used is questionnaire containing 22 items, involved 17

positive items and 5 negative items.

Being healthy is the basic need for all human beings. To keep our

health well, we should obey the laws of hygiene. Food, exercise, rest andsleep, regular habits, neatness and cleanliness, air and light, punctuality

and peace of mind are the primary conditions for good health. Hence, we

should eat healthy food and balance diet. Every day we should take

exercise in morning and evening. We should be regular in all our daily

duties. We should be neat and clean. We should let fresh air and light

into our houses. We should be punctual in all our daily duties. Peace of

mind is another condition for good health. So, we should not worry oversmall things of life. Labor must be followed by rest. We should rise early

in the morning and sleep in the evening.

Regarding with this study, most of students have habits of early

sleeping and early wake-up. Few of them take regular exercise and do

meditate for their health. Nearly half of them maintain their body weight

and eating regular mealtime. People do not have time to exercise which is

very essential for good health. Because of this lack of exercise, obesity,

diabetes, heart attacks, strokes, hypertension, etc. are on the rise even

among the young. This has alarming implications for the nation as a

whole. If our young people are going to die or fall seriously sick in the

most productive years of their life, the countrys future looks very bleak

indeed.

Only few participants usually smoke, betel chewing, alcohol drinking

and have experience to use Narcotic drugs.


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To conclude, all participants of the study generally have higher

education level and health awareness because of getting health education

from different kinds of media such as, health education papers and

magazines and also health education TV programs. Even though, beinggetting health awareness some still usually do bad habits such as eating

food from street vendors, not doing regular exercise and medical check-

up.

On the other hand, it was good to see that all the participants will

having the great healthy life style when if they avoid their unhealthy

habits. However, it was hoped that they will soon understand their

mistakes and will give up their dirty habits.

This study revealed only the healthy lifestyle of Applied Psychology

students, but not their health status. This study let us know the lifestyle

factors upon health of the Applied Psychology students, Department of

Psychology, University of Yangon.


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REFERENCES

Ei Myat Mon. (2011). A Study on Health Awareness of the Children

from B.E.P.S (6), North Dagon Township. University of Yangon.

Khin Aye Win. Dr. (2012). Diploma in Applied Psychology Course.

University of Yangon.

Sheridan C.L., Radmacher S.A. (1992). Health Psychology: Challenging

the Biomedical Model. John Wiley & Sons.

Thet Htar Win. (2012). Stress and Coping. University of Yangon.

http://iteslj.org/questions/healthylifestyle.html


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Appendix

A Study of Lifestyle Factors upon Health

Name: _________________________________

Age: _________________________________

Sex: _________________________________

Marital Status: _________________________________

Education: _________________________________

Occupation: _________________________________

Please answer following questions correctly.

Thanks,

Maung Phone Myat Kyaw

Roll No: D.A.PsyII30, 13th Batch

1. Your Present Health Status?(A) Good ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) Normal ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

2. Do you take a regular exercise for your health?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

3. Do you maintain your body weight?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

4. Do you eat regularly at mealtime for your health?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

5. Do you eat food from street vendors?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )


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6. Do you keep away from the food that is not good for your health?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

7.

Do you meditate for health?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

8. Do you consult with health personnel for your health?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

9. Do you follow the instruction of health personnel?(A)

Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )10.Do you have medical check-up regularly?

(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

11.Do you read health education papers and magazines or watch healtheducational programs on TV?

(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

12.Do you usually smoke?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

13.Do you usually betel chewing?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

14.Do you usually drink alcohol?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

15.Have you (experience) tried narcotic drugs?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )


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16.Do you like early sleeping and early wake-up habit?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

17.Do you eat vegetables for your health?

(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

18.Do you supplement medicines and nutritious foods for your health?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

19.Do you like Chinese / Indian foods?(A)

Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )20.Do you like to cook food?

(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

21.Do you like fresh fish, meat and prawn?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )

22.Do you like vegetables?(A) Yes ---------------------------------------------------- ( )(B) No ---------------------------------------------------- ( )


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Appendix

A Study of Lifestyle Factors upon Health

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a study on healthy lifestyle of applied psychology students

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