A SOCIAL CRITICISM ANALYSIS ON EMINEM’S SONG LYRIC

“MOSH”

A Thesis

Submitted to English Letters and Humanities Faculty

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

The degree of Strata One (S1)

By:

MOHAMMAD QUSHOY

106026001008

ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT

LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY

STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY “SYARIF

HIDAYATULLAH” JAKARTA

2010

ABSTRACT

Mohammad Qushoy, A Social Criticism on Eminem’s Song Lyric “Mosh”. Thesis: English Letters Department. Letters and Humanities Faculty, UIN Syarif

Hidayatullah Jakarta, March 2010.

This research discusses Eminem’s song lyric entitle “Mosh” in which

analyzes the social criticism toward social problems occur in society by using the

sociology of literature approach and analyzes the language use which is used to

criticize the social problems according to kinds of figurative language.

The objective of this research is to know the social criticism revealed in a

literary work like song lyric, then, to find out how the author criticizes the

problems. This research uses descriptive qualitative method which analyzes the

lyric that contains of social aspects and criticism toward social condition. Then,

elaborating the collected data to find out the kind of language that author applied

in his lyric. The writer found two social problems occur in society; War and

Terrorism and ten kinds of figurative language; apostrophe, metaphor, simile,

personification, symbol, allegory, situational irony, metonymy, synecdoche, and

sarcasm.

Eminem’s song lyric “Mosh” can be concluded as a literary work made to reflect a true story or life experiences of the author, and it agrees with sociology

of literature that the form of literary works—fantastic or mystical in content, it must have most concern toward social phenomena. According sociology of

literature the research reveals literary works as the mirror of author’s society. It is the social criticism toward social problem in America. This song lyric, which is as

literary work, must use figurative language—extraordinary language or something can not be taken literally to express author thoughts and to attract reader’s

attention.

APPROVEMENT

A SOCIAL CRITICISM ANALYSIS ON EMINEM’S SONG LYRIC

“MOSH”

A Thesis

Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

The Degree of Strata 1

Mohammad Qushoy

106026001008

Approved by:

Moh. Supardi, M.Hum

Supervisor

ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT

LETTERS AND HUMANITIES FACULTY

STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY “SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH”

JAKARTA

2010

LEGALIZATION

The thesis entitled “A Social Criticism Analysis on Eminem’s Song

Lyric ‘Mosh’ ” has been defended before the Letter and Humanities Faculty’s

Examination Committee on March 04, 2010. The thesis has already been accepted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of strata 1.

Jakarta, March 04, 2010

Examination Committee

Signature Date

1. Dr. H. Muhammad Farkhan, M.Pd (Chair Person) __________

19650919 200003 1 002

2. Drs. Asep Saefuddin, M.Pd (Secretary) __________

19640710 199303 1 006

3. Moh. Supardi, M. Hum (Supervisor) __________

4. Inayatul Chusna, M.Hum (Examiner I) __________

19780126 200312 2 002

5. Abdul Hamid, M.pd (Examiner II) _________

__________ 150 181 922

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my

knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by

another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the

award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher

learning, except where due acknowledgment has been made in the text.

Jakarta, March 04, 2010

Mohammad Qushoy

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

All praise and thanks are to be Allah, the lord of the Lord of

“Alamin (mankind, jinn and all that exists) and peace be upon the

Master of the Messenger, Muhammad S.A.W.

The thesis is submitted in partial accomplishment of the requirements for

the Strata 1 Degree to the Faculty of Adab and Humanities, English Letters

Department State Islamic Unversity Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

In the terms of completion his study, the writer would like to express his

deepest gratitude to the Dean of Adab and Humaties Faculty, Dr.H. Abdul Chair,

MA, the Head of English Letters Department, Dr. M. Farkhan, M.Pd., the

Secretary of English Letters, Drs. A. Saefuddin, M.Pd., Mr. Zaenal Arifin Toy,

M.Lis, Mrs. Inayatul Chusna, M Hum, Mrs. Elve Octaviany, M.Hum and to all

my lecturers who have taught him a lot of things during my study.

The writer’s family deserves his deepest esteem more than whoever (H.

Hasanuddin, SAg, Aan Moh. Burhanuddin MA., Tety Fatimah, Ade Mumun, and

Ahmad Kinani), since they who always support the writer; financially, morally

and spiritually. This is the only his initial step to the future.

Additionally, the writer is heartily thankful to the individuals too

numerous to mention who have given suggestions, corrections, and criticisms,

especially, Moh. Supardi, M.Hum., as the writer’s thesis advisor, whose guidance,

patience, support and encouragement from the initial to the final level enabled him

to develop an understanding of the subject.

The writer is indebted to his many of his colleagues to support him: the

student of class A 2005 for being his classmates – the writer really enjoyed the

four – year - friendship with all you guys, Kasmir, Hisbi, Aden, Mashuri, Ali

Basmalah, Iqbal, Yousef, Dewirini and Indra for being the immortal fellows.

Special thanks for Yennie who always gives him the best, Eni Sumarni for the

helps and supports, then, his junior mates Jay, Ayunk, Galih, Ulfa, Mira, Anggi,

Aryo and whom he can voice, by their memories, their laughs, their activities,

their suppotrs, their spirit, and their love conveyed him into life-mature.

Lastly, he offers his regards and blessings to all of those who supported

him in any respect—his friends; Nanank and Lucky, H. Ahmad Zaedi and family

for being kinds and for the treatments since four years, vendors, typing, internet,

and librarians of UIN and Adab and Humanities Faculty for being kind during the

completion this thesis.

Jakarta, March 04, 2010

The writer

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................. i

APPROVEMENT .......................................................................................... ii

LEGALIZATION .......................................................................................... iii

DECLARATION ........................................................................................... iv

ACKNOWLEDMENT................................................................................... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................... vii

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 1

A. Background of the Research ............................................................ 1

B. Focus of the Research ...................................................................... 6

C. Question of the Research ................................................................. 6

D. Objective of the Research ................................................................ 6

E. Significance of the Research ............................................................ 7

F. Research Methodology..................................................................... 7

1. Method of the Research ........................................................ 7

2. Data Analysis Technique ...................................................... 7

3. Research Instrument.............................................................. 8

4. Unit of Analysis .................................................................... 8

CHAPTER II. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ....................................... 9

A. Sociology of Literature ................................................................... 9

1. Definition of Sociology of Literature................................... 9

2. Rene Wellek and Austin Warren’s Sociology of

Literature……………………………………………………11

B. Sociological Aspect ........................................................................ 14

a. Power and Authority ........................................................... 14

b. War and Peace .................................................................... 16

c. Terrorism............................................................................ 17

C. Figure of Speech…………………………………………………….19

a. Metaphor....................................................................... 20

b. Simile............................................................................ 20

c. Personification .............................................................. 21

d. Apostrophe.................................................................... 21

e. Symbol ......................................................................... 21

f. Allegory........................................................................ 22

g. Paradox ......................................................................... 22

h. Overstatement .............................................................. 23

i. Understatement ............................................................. 24

j. Irony ............................................................................. 24

k. Allusion ........................................................................ 26

l. Synecdoche and Metonymy........................................... 26

m. Sarcasm and Satire ........................................................ 27

CHAPTER III. RESEARCH FINDINGS

A. Data Description............................................................................. 28

B. Data Analysis ................................................................................. 32

B.1. Social Criticism Aspects on Eminem’s Song Lyric “Mosh”…..32

B.2. Eminem’s Song Lyrics ‘Mosh’ which contain Figures of Speech

Criticize Social Problems in America………………………….42

CHAPTER IV. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION................................. 52

BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................... 54

APPENDICES................................................................................................ 56

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Research

Literature is an abroad media to express people’s feeling. People can

express their feelings, thoughts, experiences and also to share each other by using

literature. Moreover, with Literature they express their thoughts not only use

ordinary language but also they can use extraordinary language, because literature

is the art of language. It uses languages as a mean to communicate their

understanding of life or experiences. Literature has two aspects, its type or form

and its content. The type or form is the things related with objects and essence of

literature, such as someone’s life experiences in social and culture, art,

characteristic of society and so on. Semi said that the essence of literature or

literary work is a form and creation of the creative art with people and their real

life as the object, then language is the medium.1

Literary works convey the author’s thoughts as his/her reflection from real

life that it has been seen, read, heard, and experienced. Literary also can be

viewed as something which has any correlation with identity of nation or a group

of society. Literary is unique language which is used in systematic pattern to

express the complex feeling and ideas of the author. One of the easiest kind of

1 Kinayati Djojosuroto, Analisis Teks Sastra dan Pengajarannya, (Yogyakarta: Penerbit

Pustaka, 2006) p. 17

literary work people make is lyric or song lyric which convey feelings, thoughts,

life or real life experiences related with social life.

Today, song lyric can be said as a literary work offers a model of real life

as well as the literary work, it also a part of poetry, because it is constructed by

intrinsic elements, such as plot, theme, character, setting, point of view, and

consist of messages. Moreover, the extrinsic elements include the author’s

background, the environment conditions, social life, and politics ideology and so

on. Therefore, those elements make song lyric more factual to audiences. They as

if had faced trouble of life chronology with plot so that they get the whole

meaning and sense of the song lyric. Lyric can be defined as subjective poems,

often brief, that express the feelings and thoughts of a single speaker (who may or

may not represent the poet). The lyric is more a poetic manner than a form.2 Lyric

is called poetry because it is conducted to express joy, sadness, doubt, wonder,

decision, and surprise. Thus, lyric is a simplest poem of language.

Poems which are commonly called lyrics have been written to express joy,

sadness, doubt, decision, ennui, wonder, disappointment, and surprise.

The lyric is the most common of all poetic forms. When people think of

poetry, that which comes most readily to mind is a lyric poem. Lyric are

among simplest poems of the language3.

Lyric is taken from French “Lyrique” that firstly taken from old French of

a lyre, also taken from Latin “Lyricus”, and from Greek “Lurikos” from word

2 Robert DiYanni, Literature; Reading fiction, Poetry, and Drama, (New York: McGraw

Hill,2002) p. 684.

3 P. Albert Duhamel and Richard E. Hugest, Literature Form an Function, (New Jersey:

Englewood Cliffs, 1965), p.214.

“Lura”, “Lyre”. The word lyric was used for the words of a popular song about

1876 for the first time.4

Song lyric is as well as lyric in poetry is a creation including author’s

subjective feelings and expressions. It originally designed to be sung to a musical

accompaniment. For some people, music is considered as a reaction of art which

is made to entertain the human in the happy and sad situation. Music becomes one

of the entertainment media for them.

For song writers, music is one of the media to communicate their

restiveness, anger, disappointment and hopefulness to something that has

happened or will be happened around them. It usually has implicit and explicit

meaning even it can be the abstract as to be completely unintelligible. It consists

of words written as well as music going together or as the additional in music

itself. Having different characteristic, song lyric differs from a message and it

needed special approach to interpret its meaning and essence a song lyric. As the

result, it is not easy to see when someone likes and hears a song lyric we could not

say that he or she gets the meaning and messages that have within the lyric.

As literary works, song lyric has proportion as the art that having rich

meaning and relatively to understand by everyone. It containing of composition

of words that is delivered by rhythm and convey messages contain problems of

human life, such as: social condition, politics, history of wars, family, social

status, etc. It is an expression of author’s feeling; nerves, anger, disappointment,

and expectation to everything has happened around him or her. The author

4. Song and Lyric, Wikipedia, free encyclopedia. Accessed on Mei 5, 2009.

http:simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/song&lyric,

conveys his/her thoughts and feeling within stanzas so as to audiences get the

messages of the lyrics. It can be a real life condition and the environment, society,

sadness and disappointment to the leader and government, and refusing protest

toward politics policy.

The authors represent every troubles and deviation that occur in real life

through the lyric. So, lyric is one of the media to communicate their ideas or

feeling. In short, lyric cannot be separated with literary and it can be analyzed by

using one of approaches of literary criticism like sociology of literature.

An author is also the member of society, who has to establish a

communication between the author and the reader. Through the communication,

the literary work can distribute to the reader as the devotee of literature. In the

communication process, the author has been sending a message to the reader. The

author rests on extrinsic elements that includes social and cultural aspects, and

completed by intrinsic elements such as plot, character and characterization,

setting, point of view and so on as the object of their works.

Eminem is one of authors or songwriters often conducts lyrics containing

of his life experiences, his social environment, and his family troubles and also he

makes politic as his objects to put it on his lyrics. Eminem (born Marshall Bruce

Mathers III on October 17, 1972) is an American rapper, and both a Grammy and

Oscar-winner. He is of mostly Scottish-American descent, and lives in suburban

Detroit. Eminem is known as one of the most skillful and controversial rappers in

the industry, becoming a crossover sensation.

Eminem often writes lyrics consist of his life experiences, such as his

environment, his childhood, and his family, even; his lyrics concern with society

and political problems occur in the society. Among his lyrics that consisting of

social phenomena are “Mosh”. While generally avoiding overtly political tones

previously (or if they were mentioned it was in passing), in late 2004 before the

presidential election, Eminem released the song "Mosh" which harshly criticizes

President George W. Bush. He protests toward Bush’s politics policy about

aggression and war, especially in Iraq. He also raps about terrorisms and terrorists

that have attack on September 2001. This lyric included on album Encore,

Mathers' fourth major-label album, was released later that year. Eminem considers

himself neither a militant nor a political artist; he did have his own Hip Hop

Political Convention as a parody of the national political conventions held in

2004.5

Moreover, the lyric shows that he as citizen of the nation could not get the

proper life as human life. He is the representation of all people who lives in

poverty and unhealthy life tries to speak up and express his voice to against

government that could not give the good quality life for the people especially poor

people.

For Eminem, the song lyrics are reflection of social life phenomena. He

tries to represent the social phenomena in his lyrics. Expressing music through

lyric, it is same that he communicated his language on lyrics, or described the

social life in the language of lyrics, so that, language is a symbol which influences

5 Eminem Biography. Accessed on October 15, 2009

http://www.eminemlab.com/eminembiography.html.

social behavior. This is can be related with sociology of literature which sees that

literary work as the mirror of human life and society conditions. Therefore, the

writer interested to conduct a research of lyric related with sociology of literature

that is one of the approaches of literary criticism.

Based on explanation above, hence, the writer interested in Eminem’s

song lyric ‘Mosh’ in ‘Encore’ album to be analyzed. According to the writer, the

song lyric tells so much about social problems so it becomes interesting to choose

it as the unit of analysis in this research. He decides to use the approach his

research—sociology of literature that concern on social problems related with the

author.

B. Focus of the Research

As explained above, the research will be focused on social criticism of

Eminem’s song lyrics “Mosh”.

C. Question of the Research

Based on background of research, there are some questions to be

discussed:

1. What types of social aspects are criticized by Eminem in ‘Mosh’ song

lyric?

2. How do Eminem’s song lyrics that use figures of speech criticize

social problems in America?

D. Objective of the Research

1. This research aims to gain information about the social aspects

criticized in Mosh lyrics, thus, it will get the whole meaning and

messages of the lyrics.

2. To get information about what kind of figures of speech that Eminem

use in his lyrics to criticize social problems occur in America.

E. Significance of the Research

This research is intended to get a comprehension toward a literary work

especially in understanding of a song lyric. Through the research, the writer hopes

the readers will get a chance to learn to understand and experience the issues of

social problems that covered in the song lyric. Moreover, the research encourages

the readers to read literary works and try to understand the kinds of language used

by author to criticize social conditions.

F. Research Methodology

The research methodology involves some important aspects of the research

that cover:

1. Method of the Research

The research uses descriptive qualitative method which analyzes the

lyric that contains of social aspects in America. In this method the writer will

describe the social problems and criticism in Eminem’s song lyric ‘Mosh’. The

writer describes some facts implied in the song lyric. While, the answers of the

research questions had been revealed by analyzing all the data found about social

criticism and figures of speech that used in the lyrics.

2. Data Analysis Technique

Based on the method above, the data of the research will be analyzed

through sociology of literature approach by using descriptive analysis technique.

The writer analyzes the collected data, then he reads the lyrics repeatedly, and gets

data from all reading into small unit. He analyzes the social problems and

criticism occur in them with a table, so that he explains the meaning of the text

until he gets some information of the social problems and criticism that is implied

in the song lyric. Finally, the verbal data collected from those lyrics will be

analyzed based on related theories or approaches to find out how those lyrics

criticize the social problems and criticism in America. Figures of speech are also

used to get further analysis.

3. Research Instrument

In this research, the writer uses himself as the instrument of the

research. He reads and studies deeply about the lyrics. Finally, he identifies the

social problems and the figures of speech used in the song lyrics to do analysis.

4. Unit of Analysis

The unit of analysis of this research is Eminem’s song lyrics entitled

‘Mosh’.

CHAPTER II

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

A. Sociology of Literature

1. Definition of Sociology of Literature

To get the whole meaning and message and knowing things related with

literary work – especially song lyric, so, it is needed an effort called literary

criticism. According to Andre Hardjana, literary criticism is contributions given

by researchers for literature development. It has correlation with literature

development.6 One of literary criticism could be used in analyzing literary works

is sociology of literature.

Among sub-disciplines of sociology and common literature, sociology of literature is the most ignored sub-discipline by both the sociologist and the

man of letters. However, the sociology of literature, especially cultural sociology containing sociology of literature has begun to get more

attention and it exhibit the importance understanding about human’s social life.7

There are many definitions of Sociology literature as the approach of

literary criticism. In this case the writer would like to take several definitions from

several experts.

In his book ‘The Sociology of Literature’, Swingewood defined that

sociology is an objective and scientific study about human life in the society,

study about its institutions and the social process. He said that sociology is an

6 Gunoto Safarie, Luasnya Wilayah Sisiologi Sastra. Accessed on December 20, 2008.

http://www.suarakarya-online.com/news.html?id =16888.

7 Dr Faruk, Pengantar Sosiologi Sastra, ( Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 1994), p. V.

effort to observe about how society is established, how they work, and why they

should survive their life.8 There should be so many complexities in the society, so

the complexities which occur make sociology of literature to be conducted to

observe them. According to Wolff, sociology of literature is a discipline without

any forms, no definition as well, consisting of empirical studies and several

experimental theories which is more general. They all are similar in the case that

everything has related between the art and the society.9

According to Goldmann, he called his theory as a genetic structuralism. It

means that he believe literary works is formed from a structure. One of his

theories which become most significant is the category about the fact of humanity.

This theory is about every activity or social behavior, either it is verbal or

physical, is comprehended by science. The fact can be a certain activity, political

activity, as well as cultural creation like philosophy, art, music, sculpture, and

literature.10

Object of sociology of literature is real life condition; however, the author

does not take it randomly. He or she chooses and arranges materials by orientating

the principles and certain aims. Henry James said, the author analyzing the

sources of social reality, then he or she comprehends and tries to decide signs

essentially so as it changes to literary work. Literature not only gets its influences

from reality but also it can influence the society. It is true that character of

literature is language, but the form and content come from social phenomenon.

8 Ibid. p. 1.

9 Ibid. p.3. 10 Ibid. p. 12.

Song lyric which is a literary work of author’s feelings and thoughts, also

as poetry that commonly organized as short and conducted from expression of

someone’s feelings. Moreover, it brings themes or ideas, and expresses its beauty

until people interested to analyze it especially by using sociology of literature

approach. Hence, in this study, the writer uses sociology of literature approach

from Rene Wellek and Austin Warren.

2. Rene Wellek and Austin Warren’s Sociology of Literature.

In their book of ‘Theory of Literature’, Rene Wellek and Austin Warren

stated that Literature is a social institution, using as its medium language, a social

creation. Literature represents life; and life is, in large measure, social reality,

eventhough, the natural world and the inner of the individual have also been

objects of literary works. The relation between literature and society is usually

discussed by starting with phrase from De Bonald that literature is and expression

of society, but it could not be said that a writer expresses his experience and total

conception of life. They stated:

It is a specific evaluative criterion to say that an author should express the

life of his own time fully, that he should be ‘representative’ of his age and

society. Besides, of course, the terms ‘fully’ and ‘representative’ require

much interpretation: in most social criticism they seem to mean that an

author should be aware of specific social situations, e.g. of the plight of the

proletariat, or even that should share a specific attitude and ideology of the

critic.11

Rene Wellek and Austin Warren divide the sociological approach into

three classifications. First, sociology of author, it contains of social status, politics

ideology, and things related with the author itself. It means the sociology of the

11

Rene Wellek and Austin Warren, Theory of Literature, (Harmondsworth: Penguin

Books, 1956), p. 95.

writer and profession and institutions of literature, the whole of economic basis of

literary production, the social provenance and status of the writer, his social

ideology, which may find expression in extra-literary pronouncements and

activities. It is included some social factors which can influence the author as

individual and influence content of his literary work.

Second, sociology of literary work, that talks about literary work itself;

thus, the main point of this class is what implied in a literary work and the aim

that it will extend. Third, sociology talks about the reader and its social influences

to society.12

Hence, in this study, the writer uses the second classification of

sociological approach. That is the sociology of literary work.

The question how far literature is actually determined by or dependent on

its social setting, on social change and development, is one which, in way or

another, will enter into all three divisions of problem; the sociology of the writer,

the social content of the works themselves, and influence of literature on society.13

Thus, it can be said that literary sociology studies about the stimulus relation

between, author or literary man, literature, and society.

The sociology of literary work means the problem of social content, the

implications and social purpose of the works of literature themselves. Since every

writer is a member of society, he can be studied as a social being. According to R.

Wellek and A. Warren, the social origins of a writer play only a minor part in

questions raised by his social status, allegiance, and ideology. The author has been

12

Sapardi Djoko Damono, Sosiologi Sastra sebuah Pengantar Ringkas, (Jakarta: Pusat

Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, 1978), p. 3.

13 Rene Wellek and Austin Warren (1956) op .cit, p. 96.

a citizen, has pronounced on questions of social and political importance, and has

taken part in the issue of his time. Much works has been done upon political and

social views of individual author, and in recent times more and more attention has

been devoted to the economic implications of these views.14

In studying the sociology of literary work, the common approach to the

relations of literature and society is the study of works of literature as social

documents, as assumed pictures of social reality. Used as social document,

literature can be made to yield the outlines of social history. For instance, Chaucer

and Langland preserve two views of fourteenth-century society. The prologue to

the Canterbury Tales was early seen to offer an almost complete survey of social

types. But such studies seem of little value so long as they take it for granted that

literature is simply a mirror of life, a reproduction, and thus, obviously, a social

document. In and admirably clear-headed study of Aristocracy and the Middle

Classes in Germany, Kohn-Bramstedt (Rene Wellek and Austin Warren,

1956:104) rightly cautions:

Only a person who has a knowledge of the structure of a society from

other sources that purely literary ones is able to find out it, and how far,

certain social types and their behavior are reproduced in the novel… What

is pure fancy, what realistic observation, and what only expression of the

desires of author must be separated in each case in a subtle manner.

From quotation above, it is can be considered that study of sociology of

literary works make sense only if a person know the structure of society itself, and

how the society produce a literary work, whether it is a fantasy, a realistic

observation or only expression of the author.

14 Ibid. p. 97.

B. Sociological Aspect

Since R. Wellek and A. Warren’s second classification that sociology of

literary work which concerns about social content and social purpose of the

literary work. Thus, in this study, the writer analyzes song lyric Mosh. Mosh has

been released in 2004 which is intended to criticize the current President of

U.S.A, George W. Bush who has don some hypocrisy in hi administration. Many

people have criticized his terms and policies. Thus, some aspects are often

criticized by people are:

a. Power and Authority

In any society, someone or some group makes important decisions about

how to use resources and how to allocate goods, whether it be a tribal chief of

parliament or dictator. A cultural universal common to all societies, then, is the

exercise of power and authority. Inevitably, the struggle for power and authority

involves politics. In their study of politics and government, sociologists are

concerned with social interactions among individuals and groups and their impact

on larger political and economic order.

Power lies at the heart of a political system. According to Max Weber,

power is the ability to exercise one’s will over others. Weber developed his

conceptualization of power in the early 1900’s; he focused primarily on the

nation-state and its sphere of influence.15

Power as the ability to exercise one’s

will over others is now exercised on a global as well as national stage, as countries

15 Richard T. Schaefer, Sociology: A Brief Introduction, 6th edition (New York:

McGrawhill, 2006), p. 367.

and multinational corporation vie to control access to resources and manage the

distribution of capital.

Many of treated power as a scarce object, like any material good, so that

there is a total sum of power, and more power for one group means less power for

another. This view, often an assumption rather than an explicit definition is

frequently associated with a definition of power as control over the behavior of

others. According to James B. McKee, one older approach to the concept of

power is that of power elite, a small group that controls the positions of authority

and monopolizes the processes of decision making.

Power, thus, is never to be conceptualized apart from authority, which is

the right to make a decision. For example, when a president vetoes a bill, he

exercises the authority of his office, as does the legislature when it votes on a

bill.16

The term authority refers to institutionalized power that is recognized by

the people over whom it is exercised. Sociologists commonly use the term in

connection with those who hold legitimate power through elected or publicly

acknowledged positions. A person’s authority is often limited. Thus, a referee has

the authority to decide whether a penalty should be called during a football game,

but has no authority over the price of tickets to the game.

Max Weber saw authority as the legitimate form of domination (there were

illegitimate forms as well), which he defined as the “probability that certain

16 James B. McKee, Introduction to Sociology, (New York: Holt, Renehart & Winston,

inc, 1969), p. 457.

specific commands (or all commands) will be obeyed by a given group of

persons”.17

b. War and Peace

Conflict is a central aspect of social relations. Too often it becomes

ongoing and violent, engulfing, innocent bystanders as well as intentional

participants. Sociologists Theodore Caplow and Louis Hicks have defined war as

conflict between organizations that possess trained combat forces equipped with

deadly weapons. This meaning is broader that legal definition, which typically

requires a formal declaration of hostilities.18

i. War

Perhaps the most critical issue is war, armed conflict among the people of

various countries, directly by their government.19

Sociologists approach war in

three different ways. Those who take a global view study how and why two or

more nations become engaged in military conflict. Those who take a nation-state

view stress the interaction of internal political, socioeconomic, and cultural forces.

And those who take a micro view focus on the social impact of war on individuals

and groups they belong to. The internal decision-making process that leads to war

have been much studied. From a micro point of view, war can bring out the worst

as well as the best in people.

17 George Ritzer, Encyclopedia of Social Theory, (California: Sage Publication, 2005),

p.19.

18 Richard T. Schaefer (2006), Op. cit. p.374.

19 John J. Macionis, Society the Basics, (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1996), p. 289.

ii. Peace

Sociologists have considered peace both as the absence of war and as a

proactive effort to develop cooperative relations among nations.20 While we focus

here on international relations, we should note that in the 1900s, 90 percent of the

world’s armed conflicts occurred within rather than between states. Often, outside

powers are involved in these internal conflicts, either as supporters of particular

actions or in an attempt to broker a peace accord.

Sociologists and other social scientists who draw on sociological theory

and research have tried to identify conditions that deter war. One of their findings

is that international trade acts as a deterrent to armed conflict. As countries

exchange goods, people, and then cultures, they become more integrated and less

likely to threaten each other’s security.

Another means of fostering peace is activity of international charities and

activists group called non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Finally, many

analysts stress that nations cannot maintain their security by threatening violence.

Peace, they contend, can best be maintained by developing strong mutual security

agreements between potential adversaries.

c. Terrorism

Terrorism is violence or the threat of violence employed by an individual

or group as a political strategy. Paul Johnson offers three insights about terrorism.

First, terrorism tries to paint violence as a legitimate political tactic, ignoring the

fact that such acts are condemned by virtually by every society. Second, terrorism

20 Richard T. Schaefer (2006), Op. cit. p.376.

is employed not jut by groups but also by governments against their own people.

Third, although democratic principles oppose state terrorism, democracies are

especially vulnerable to terrorism because these governments afford extensive

civil liberties to their people and have limited police networks.21

Acts of terror, whether perpetrated by a few or by many people, can be a

powerful political force. Formally defined, terrorism is the use or threat of

violence against random or symbolic targets in pursuit of political aims. For

terrorists, the end justifies the means. They believe the status quo is oppressive,

and desperate measures are essential to end the suffering of the deprived.

Convinced that working through the formal political process will not effect the

desired political change, terrorists insist that illegal actions often directed against

innocent people are needed. Ultimately, they hope to intimidated society and

thereby bring about a new political order.22

The terrorists may wish to keep secret their individual identities, but they

want their political messages and goals to receive as much publicity as possible.

Since September 11, 2001, governments around the world have renewed their

efforts to fight terrorism. Though the public has generally regarded increased

surveillance and social control as a necessary evil, these measures have

nonetheless raised governance issues. For example, some citizens in United States

and elsewhere have questioned whether measures such as the USA patriot Act of

2001 threaten civil liberties. Citizens also can complain about the heightened

21 John J. Macionis (1996), op. cit, p. 288.

22

Richard T. Schaefer (2006), op. cit, p. 376.

anxiety created by the vague alerts issued by the federal government from time to

time.

C. Figure of Speech

Language can be classified as either literal or figurative. When we speak

literally, we mean exactly what each words conveys; when we use figurative

language we mean something other than the actual meaning of words.23

Let us

assume that someone has just said: “well, you’re a pretty sight! Got slightly wet,

didn’t you?” Then another replies, “Wet? I’m drowned! Its raining cats and dogs,

and my raincoat’s like a sieve!”

They probably understand each other well enough: yet, if we examine this

conversation literally, that is to say unimaginatively, we will find that they have

been speaking nonsense. Actually, they have been speaking figuratively. They

have been saying less than what they mean or more than what they mean or the

opposite of what they mean or something other than what they mean.

Broadly defined, a figure of speech is any way of saying something other

than the ordinary way, and some rhetorician have classified as many as 250

separate figures. Figurative language—language using figure of speech—is

language that cannot be taken literally (or should not be taken literally only).24

23

Robert DiYanni, Literatre: Reading Fiction, Poetry, and Drama, (New York:

McGraw-Hill, 2002), p. 709.

24

Laurence Perrine and Thomas R. ARP, Sound and Sense 8th

edition, (New York:

Harcourt Brace, 1992), p. 61.

1. Metaphor

Metaphor is comparison—the making connections between normally

unrelated things. Aristotle defines metaphor as “an intuitive perception of the

similarity in dissimilars”. Metaphor employs no such explicit verbal clue. The

comparison is implied in such a way that figurative term is substituted for or

identified with the literal one.25 Metaphor may take one of four forms, depending

on whether the literal an figurative terms are respectively named or implied. First,

both the literal and figurative terms are named. Second, the literal term is named

and the figurative term is implied. Third, the literal term is implied and the

figurative term is named. Forth, both the literal and the figurative terms are

implied.

2. Simile

Simile establishes the comparison explicitly with he words like or as. The

simile is more restricted in its comparative suggestion than is metaphor.26 In

simile the comparison is expressed by the use of some word or phrase, such as

like, as, than, similar to, resembles, or seems. Eventhough similes are same as

metaphors, they are both forms of comparison. Similes allow the two ideas to

remain distinct in spite of their similarities, whereas metaphors compare two

things without using "like" or "as".27

For instance, a simile that compares a person

25 Robert DiYanni (2002), op. cit. p. 709.

26

Ibid. p. 709.

27

Simile, Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Accessed on November 6, 2009.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simile,

with a bullet would go as follows: "John was a record-setting runner and as fast as

a speeding bullet."

3. Personification

According to Perrine, personification consists in giving the attributes of

human being to an animal, an object, or a concept. It is really a subtype

comparison is always human being.28 Personification is a type of metaphor in

which distinctive human characteristics, e.g., honesty, emotion, volition, etc., are

attributed to an animal, object or idea, as "The haughty lion surveyed his realm"

or "My car was happy to be washed" or "'Fate frowned on his endeavors."

Personification is commonly used in allegory.29

4. Apostrophe

Apostrophe consists in addressing someone absent or dead or something

nonhuman as if that person or thing were present and alive and could reply to

what is being said.30 In other word, according to Judith A Stanford, apostrophe

means someone speaks directly to inanimate object or place.31 Barnet defines

apostrophe as an address to a person or thing not literary listening.

5. Symbol

A symbol may be roughly defined as something that is means more than

what it is. A symbol is any object or action that represents something beyond

28

Laurence Perrine and Thomas R. ARP (1992), op. cit. p. 64.

29 http://www.angelfire.com/ct2/evenski/poetry/figuresofspeech.html, (accessed on November 6, 2009)

30

Laurence Perrine and Thomas R. ARP (1992), op. cit. p. 65.

31 Judith A. Stanford, Responding to Literature: Stories, Poems, Plays, and Essays 5th

edition, (New York: McGraw-Hil, 2006), p.50.

itself. A rose, for example, can represent beauty or love or transience. A tree may

represent a family’s root or branches. Light may symbolize hope or knowledge or

life. These are familiar symbols may represent different, event opposite things,

depending on how they are deployed in particular poem. Thus, the meaning of any

symbol, whether an object, an action, or a gesture, is controlled by its context.32

6. Allegory

Allegory is a form of narrative in which people, places, and happenings

have hidden or symbolic meaning.33

Allegory is narrative or description that a

second meaning beneath the surface. Allegory has defined sometimes as an

extended metaphor and sometimes as a series of related symbols. But it is usually

distinguishable from both of these. In allegory there is usually a one-to-one

correspondence between the details may have more than one meaning, but these

meanings tend to be definite. Meaning do not ray out from allegory as they do

from a symbol.34

7. Paradox

Paradox is apparently true statements or group of statements that leads to a

contradiction or a situation which defies intuition. Typically, the statements in

question do not really imply the contradiction, the puzzling result is not really a

contradiction, or the premises themselves are not all really true or can not all be

true together.

32 Robert DiYanni (2002), op. cit. p. 715.

33 Ibid. p. 717.

34 Laurence Perrine and Thomas R. ARP (1992), op. cit. p. 88.

A paradox is an apparent contradiction that is nevertheless somehow true.

When Alexander Pope wrote that a literary critic of his time would “damn with

faint praise,” he was using a verbal paradox, for how can a man damn by praising?

The value of paradox is its shock value. It seeming impossibly startles the reader

into attention and, by the fact of its apparent absurdity, underscores the truth of

what is being said.35

8. Overstatement or Hyperbole

Overstatement, or hyperbole, is simply exaggeration, but exaggeration in

the service of truth. Like all figure of speech, overstatement may be used with

variety of effects. It may be humorous or grave, fanciful or restrained, convincing

or unconvincing.36

If we say, I’m starved!” or “I’ll die if I don’t pass this course!”

we do not expect to be taken literally; we are merely adding emphasis to what we

really mean.

Hyperbole is used to create emphasis. It is a literary device often used in

poetry, and is frequently encountered in casual speech. It is also a visual technique

in which a deliberate exaggeration of a particular part of an image is employed.

An example is the exaggeration of a person's facial feature in a political cartoon.37

9. Understatement or Litotes

35 Ibid. p. 100.

36 Ibid. p. 101.

37 Hyperbole, Wikipedia, free Encyclopedia. Accessed on November 9,

2009. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperbole.

Understatement, or litotes, or saying less than one means, may exist in

what one says or merely in how one says it. If, for instance, upon sitting down to a

loaded dinner plate, we say, “This looks like a nice snack,” we are actually stating

less than the truth; but if we say, with Artemus Ward, that a man who holds hand

for half an hour in a lighted fire will experience “a sensation of experience and,

disagreeable warmth;” we are stating what is literally true but with a good deal

less force than the situation warrants.38

10. Irony

Irony is a literary or rhetorical device, in which there is a gap or

incongruity between what a speaker or a writer says and what is generally

understood (either at the time, or in the later context of history).39

Irony has

meaning that extended beyond its use merely as a figure of speech. There are three

kind of irony: verbal irony, dramatic irony, irony of situation.

Verbal irony, according to Perrine, saying the opposite of what one means,

is often confused with sarcasm and with satire, and for that reason it may be well

to look at the meanings of al three terms. In the other hand, verbal irony always

implies the opposite of what is said, it has many gradations, and only in its

simplest forms doest it mean only the opposite of what is said.40

For instance,

when someone says, “here’s some bad news for you: you all got A’s and B’s!” in

verbal irony the discrepancy is between what is said and is meant.

38

Ibid. p. 102.

39

Irony, Wikipedia, Free Encyclopedia. Accessed on November 6, 2009.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/irony,

40 Laurence Perrine and Thomas R. ARP (1992), op. cit. p. 104.

Dramatic irony often connotes something more specific and perhaps a

little different from what is developed. It describes a speech or action in a story

that has mush great significance to the audience than to the character who speaks

or performs it, because the audience possesses knowledge the character does not

have. In dramatic irony the discrepancy is not between what the speaker says and

what the speaker means but between what the speaker says and what the poem

means. The speaker’s words may be perfectly straightforward, but author, by

putting these words in a particular speaker’s mouth may be indicating to the

reader ideas or attitudes quite opposed to those the speaker is voicing.41

A third type of irony, irony of situation, occurs when a discrepancy exists

between the actual circumstances and those that would seem appropriate or

between what one anticipates and what actually comes to pass. For example, if a

man and his second wife, on the first night of their honeymoon, are accidentally

seated at the theater next to the man’s first wife, we should call the situation

ironic. When King Midas, in the famous fable, is granted his fondest wish, that

anything he touch turn to gold, and then he finds that he cannot eat because even

his foods turns to gold, we call the situation ironic.42

11. Allusion

41 Ibid. p. 106.

42

Ibid. p. 107-108.

A literary allusion is a brief reference to a person, place, phrase, or event

drawn from history or literature. In other word, an allusion—a reference to

something in history or previous literature—is, like a richly connotative word or a

symbol, a means of suggesting far more than it says.43 For example, Robert frost

in “out, out—makes his meaning entirely clear even for the reader who does not

recognize the allusion contained in the poem’s title. It is an allusion to one of the

most famous passages in all English literature. The passage is that in Macbeth in

which Macbeth has just been informed of his wife’s death.

12. Synecdoche and Metonymy

Synecdoche is the use of part for the whole and metonymy is the use of

something closely related for the thing actually meant. Both are alike in that both

substitute some significant detail or aspect of an experience for the experience

itself.44 Synecdoche is figurative locution whereby the part is made to stand for

the whole, the whole for a part, the species for the genus, and vice versa. It can be

said that synecdoche using a part to signify the whole (lend me a hand). Whereas,

metonymy or substituting and attribute of a thing for the thing itself. For example,

Shakespeare uses synecdoche when he says that the cuckoo’s song is unpleasant

to a “married ear”, for the means a married man. On the other hand, when Terence

advises “fellows whom it hurts to think” to “Look into the pewter pot / To see the

world as the world’s not,” e using metonymy, for by “pewter pot” he means the

43 Ibid. p. 120.

44

Ibid. pp. 65-66.

ale in the pot, not the pot itself, and by “world” he means human life and the

condition under which it is lived.

13. Sarcasm and Satire

Sarcasm is imply bitter or cutting speech, intended to wound the feelings.

Satire is a more formal term, usually applied to written literature rather than to

speech and ordinarily implying a higher motive: it is ridicule (either bitter or

gentle) of human folly and vice, with the bringing about reform or at least of

keeping other people from falling into similar folly or vice.45

For instance, one of

the members of the class raises his hand on the discussion of this point and says,

“I don’t understand,” and the instructor replies, with a tone of heavy disgust in his

voice, “Well, I wouldn’t expect you to,” so, he is being sarcastic: he means

exactly what he says.

45 Ibid. p. 104.

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH FINDING

In this chapter, the writer describes two main descriptions, they are; data

description and data analysis.

A. Data Description

In the data description, the writer will present the song lyrics and the table

of social criticism aspects and figurative language used in the song. The

followings are presentation of the data description:

1. Mosh

I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America

And to the Republic for which it stands

One nation under God

Indivisible with liberty and justice for all...

It feels so good to be back… 5

I scrutinize every word, memorize every line

I spit it once, refuel and re-energize and rewind

I give sight to the blind, my insight through the mind

I exercise my right to express when I feel it's time

It's just all in your mind, what you interpret it as 10

I say to fight, you take it as I'mma whip someone's ass

If you don't understand, don't even bother to ask

A father who has grown up with a fatherless past

Who has blown up now to rap phenomenon that has

Or at least shows no difficulty multi-task 15

And in juggling both perhaps mastered his craft

Slash entrepreneur who has held onto few more rap acts

Who's had a few obstacles thrown his way through the last half

Of his career typical manure moving past that

Mr. kisses ass crack, he's a class act 20

Rubber band man, yea he just snaps back

[Chorus:]

Come along follow me as I lead through the darkness

As I provide just enough spark that we need to proceed

Carry on, give me hope, give me strength

Come with me and I won't steer you wrong 25

Put your faith and your trust as I guide us through the fog

To the light at the end of the tunnel

We gonna fight, we gonna charge, we gonna stomp, we gonna march

Through the swamp, we gonna mosh through the marsh

Take us right through the doors (c'mon) 30

All the people up top on the side and the middle

Come together lets all bomb and swamp just a little

Just let it gradually build from the front to the back

All you can see is a sea of people some white and some black

Don't matter what color, all that matters we gathered together 35

To celebrate for the same cause don't matter the weather

If it rains let it rain, yea the wetter the better

They ain't gonna stop us they can't, we stronger now more than ever

They tell us no we say yea, they tell us stop we say go

Rebel with a rebel yell, raise hell we gonna let em know 40

Stomp, push, shove, mush, Fuck Bush, until they bring our troops home (c'mon)

[Chorus]

Imagine it pouring, it's raining down on us

Mosh pits outside the oval office

Someone's tryina tell us something,

Maybe this is god just sayin' we're responsible 45

For this monster, this coward,

That we have empowered

This is Bin Laden, look at his head noddin'

How could we allow something like this without pumping our fists

Now this is our final hour 50

Let me be the voice in your strength and your choice

Let me simplify the rhyme just to amplify the noise

Try to amplify the times it, and multiply by six...

Teen million people, Are equal at this high pitch

Maybe we can reach alqueda through my speech 55

Let the president answer a higher anarchy

Strap him with an Ak-47, let him go, fight his own war

Let him impress daddy that way

No more blood for oil, we got our own battles to fight on our own soil

No more psychological warfare, to trick us to thinking that we ain't loyal

If we don't serve our own country, we're patronizing a hero

Look in his eyes its all lies

The stars and stripes, they've been swiped, washed out and wiped

And replaced with his own face, Mosh now or die

If I get sniped tonight you know why, 65

Cause I told you to fight.

[Chorus]

And as we proceed,

To Mosh through this desert storm,

In these closing statements, if they should argue

Let us beg to differ 70

As we set aside our differences

And assemble our own army

To disarm this Weapon of Mass Destruction

That we call our President, for the present

And Mosh for the future of our next generation 75

To speak and be heard

Mr. President, Mr. Senator

Do you guy's hear us...hear us...[laughing] (Hailie) 78

TABLE I

The Social Criticism Aspect in Mosh lyric

No. Social Criticism

Aspect Corpus Data Line

Stomp, push, shove, mush, Fuck Bush, until they

bring our troops home (c'mon)

41 1.

Anti war

To disarm this weapon of mass destruction that

we call our president

And Mosh for the future of our next generation

73

Maybe this is god just sayin' we're responsible

For this monster, this coward,

That we have empowered

This is Bin Laden, look at his head noddin'

45-48 2. Anti terrorism

No more blood for oil, we got our own battles to

fight on our own soil

No more psychological warfare, to trick us to

thinking that we ain't loyal

59-60

TABLE II

Eminem’s song lyric “Mosh” criticizes Social Problem using kinds of

Figurative Language

No.

Kinds Of

Figurative

Language

Corpus Data Line

1. Apostrophe

The lyric -

2. Simile Someone's tryina tell us something,

Maybe this is god just sayin' we're responsible

For this monster, this coward,

That we have empowered

This is Bin Laden, look at his head noddin'

44-

48

3. Metaphor And as we proceed,

To Mosh through this desert storm,

67-

68

4. Personification Mosh pits outside the oval office 43

5. Symbol I pledge allegiance to the flag of the united states

of America And to the Republic for which it stands

One nation under God

Indivisible with liberty and justice for all...

1-4

6. Allegory Come along follow me as I lead through the

darkness

As I provide just enough spark that we need to

proceed

Carry on, give me hope, give me strength

Come with me and I won't steer you wrong

Put your faith and your trust as I guide us

through the fog

To the light at the end of the tunnel

22-

27

7. Situational Irony No more blood for oil, we got our own battles to

fight on our own soil

No more psychological warfare, to trick us to

thinking that we ain't loyal

59-

60

8. Metonymy Look in his eyes its all lies

The stars and stripes, they've been swiped,

washed out and wiped

And replaced with his own face, Mosh now or die

62-

64

9. Synecdoche How could we allow something like this without

pumping our fists

Now this is our final hour

Let me be the voice in your strength and your

choice

Let me simplify the rhyme just to amplify the

noise

Try to amplify the times it, and multiply by six... Teen million people, Are equal at this high pitch

Maybe we can reach alqueda through my speech

49-

55

Rebel with a rebel yell, raise hell we gonna let em

know Stomp, push, shove, mush, Fuck Bush, until they

bring our troops home (c'mon)

40-

41 10. Sarcasm

For this monster, this coward,

That we have empowered This is Bin Laden, look at his head noddin'

46-

48

From the data description above, it can be analyzed as follows:

B. Data Analysis

B.1 Social Criticism Aspect in Eminem’s Song Lyric “Mosh”

As it has been explained in the previous chapter, the song lyric analyzed

using sociology of literature approach of R. Wellek and A. Warren’s two

classification: sociology of author and sociology of literary work. Both

concerning about social criticism toward social problem occurs on the society.

The analysis will draw social criticism and social problems that included in the

lyric. From this study, the writer found some social criticisms or social problems

that the author revealed in the lyric.

According to sociology of speaker, that means the sociology of the writer

and profession and institutions of literature, the whole of economic basis of

literary production, the social provenance and status of the writer, his social

ideology, which may find expression in extra-literary pronouncements and

activities. It is included some social factors which can influence the speaker as

individual and influence content of his literary works.

Thus, in the first verse, the writer found that speaker introduces himself,

the social provenience and social status of speaker. The man who once grew up in

a fatherless home and who used to be constantly broke has become an amazing

entertainer, a responsible father, and a cunning entrepreneur. Those words are

huge encouragement for single parenting homes who are so often underprivileged

in one of the richest countries of the world. The speaker, Eminem, is a living

example for that situation. Eminem is a self made man; his overwhelming success

and his fortune have increased his power within a few years to being a rap singer

who often has controversy with the others. It is simply stated in:

“A father who has grown up with a fatherless past

Who has blown up now to rap phenomenon that has

Or at least shows no difficulty multi-task

And in juggling both perhaps mastered his craft

Slash entrepreneur who has held onto few more rap acts

Who's had a few obstacles thrown his way through the last half

Of his career typical manure moving past that…”

Those lyrics show the social status of the author as an artist. He is a hip

hop singer or rapper who has become amazing entertainer. His social provenience

is fatherless home because his father had left him with his mother, then he also

became a single parent as he divorced his wife and got his custody to his daughter.

Through these song lyrics, Eminem is indeed a political power in America. He has

the courage of his opinions and strongly expresses against President Bush's policy.

Although he has often been viewed as anti patriotic, Eminem has showed only

love for America. He just dislikes its policy, which is totally different.

Then, based on the second classification—the sociology of literary work,

that means the problem of social content, the implications and social purpose of

the works of literature themselves and the approach to the relations of literature

and society is the study of works of literature as social documents, as assumed

picture of social reality. The writer found two types of social aspect criticized in

song lyrics ‘Mosh, they are:

1) Anti War Protest

‘Mosh’ is a meaningful and powerful song lyric. Reading to it increased

the huge respect from the readers who already have for Eminem, including the

speaker and the speaker of the lyric. Literally, based on Oxford Advanced

Leaner’s Dictionary, ‘Mosh’ defined as:‘to dance and jump up and down violently

or without control at a concert where Rock music is played’. Then, in Eminem’s

song lyric ‘Mosh’, the word ‘Mosh‘ refers to a slam dance as a huge protest

against Bush. The word is much more than a huge wake up call in front of

American citizens who keep supporting Bush despite his hypocrisy. The lyric

starts with a pledging allegiance to the American flag. In the next stanza, the

speaker is addressing to the crowd as the powerful personality he actually is with

the terrific background of the September 11th

attacks of the World Trade Center. It

is as if speaker’s voice imposes respect from his audience: “you going to listen

and be ready to start this collective slam dance as a huge form of protest against

Bush”.

The speaker is like the leader of a huge movement that rallies millions

people from different nations, ages, backgrounds and races. He calls people to

follow him and trust him in his rightful rebellious mission. He knows how to

guide them with sincerity and will let them see the end of bad condition in society,

as he expresses it very well:

"Come along follow me as I lead through the darkness

As I provide just enough sparks that we need to proceed

Carry on, give me hope, give me strength

Come with me and I won't steer you wrong

Put your faith and your trust as I guide us through the fog

To the light at the end of the tunnel

We gonna fight, we gonna charge, we gonna stomp, we gonna march

Through the swamp, we gonna mosh through the marsh

Take us right through the doors (c'mon)

All the people up top on the side and the middle

Come together lets all bomb and swamp just a little

Just let it gradually build from the front to the back

From those lyrics the writer supposes that what people have to do is trust

him and fight along with him. He promises that he won't guide them wrong and

promises an end to the nightmare people owe President Bush. A sea of people is

united from different ages, races, and nations for the same goal with a strong call:

carry the US troops home! It is surely as an action to criticize the president so as

to stop the war because war just brings suffering, destroying and dying. “All you

can see is a sea of people some white and some black //Don't matter what color,

all that matters we gathered together //To celebrate for the same cause don't

matter the weather”. Those sentences show as an effort to protest upon the

President with his unwise policy and his hypocrisy.

‘Mosh’ is an anti war and an anti-Bush anarchist song lyric. The speaker is

speaking to the whole nation and telling people that they need to do something

about that case because they're responsible for it. He tries to criticize social

problem that occurs in society caused by an injustice and unwise policy of U.S

president. He just comes out and says it is right in the song lyric:

a) Stomp, push, shove, mush, Fuck Bush, until they bring our

troops home (c'mon)"

Brief of lyrics above show an anti war protest. The speaker tells people to

fight against Bush and his war in Iraq saying that they should protest the war and

bring the troops home. The line shows the social problem occurs in the society,

war and a criticism to stop the war by applying line ‘bring our troops home’. His

lyric is here to open people consciences and make them realize how much

America needs to get rid of Bush in order to be ready for a new start—new live

without injustice and hypocrisy. It is enough civilian victims from a worthless

Iraqi war on both sides and enough blood has been spilled for nothing on both

sides.

Many people agree that no one in this world wants to be in war situation.

However, when the brutal desires of human being have talked and decelerated war

and then forced the troops trapped in one situation that actually they do not want.

Everybody should be aware of the consequences of Bush's actions on the world's

nation’s destiny. Fatal errors can lead to a domino effect in no time. Not only had

the drama of the September 11th tragically consequences for America, but it also

weakened Europe economically and increased unemployment. Another corpus is

sated in:

b) To disarm this Weapon of Mass Destruction

That we call our president

And Mosh for the future of our next generation

Through this song lyric Eminem criticizes the president’s policy about

conducting war. The part of the lyrics conveys a criticism that the president

should stop the war by disarming the weapons. Eminem also wants to stop the

government claimed that Iraq's alleged possession of weapons of mass destruction

(WMD) posed a threat to their security and that of their coalition or regional allies

for the reason of war, because the Weapons of Mass Destruction does not exist.

Then, //That we call our president// //And Mosh for the future of our next

generation// express that he is ready to show his opposition to a government that

fully disgusts him. Those words have the power to open some bricks in the wall of

incomprehension left by the American government and to give people some hope

for a new generation of a brighter future without Bush, of course.

This lyric is as representation of thousands people around the world to

criticize and protest against Bush’s policy about war especially Iraqi war. It agrees

with an article from www.washingtonpost.com in January 2007. “Antiwar

protesters flooded Washington yesterday for a series of rallies and a march on the

Capitol against U.S. involvement in the war in Iraq. Some longtime activists

lamented the continued need for such demonstrations. Above, protesters march in

two different directions on Constitution Avenue”.46

From description above, it is clearly conveyed by the speaker of the lyric

that he disagrees with anything related with war and terror acts. War is a policy

46

Thousands Protest Bush’s Policy. Accessed on December 29, 2009.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/ wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/27/AR2007012700629.html.

that does not help people for the better. Perhaps the most critical issue is war,

armed conflict among the people of various countries, directly by their

government. Sociologists approach war in three different ways. Those who take a

global view study how and why two or more nations become engaged in military

conflict. Those who take a nation-state view stress the interaction of internal

political, socioeconomic, and cultural forces. And those who take a micro view

focus on the social impact of war on individuals and groups they belong to.

The internal decision-making process that leads to war have been much

studied. From a micro point of view, war can bring out the worst as well as the

best in people. So, Eminem conducted the lyric as an effort for avoiding the worst

effects of war for people. The speaker regrets president’s anti terror policy that

will lead to many young innocent soldiers' death to gain his individual businesses

like to get his hegemony will, he make decision to conduct war to get the oil and

soil without concern about people security and people rights to life.

2) Anti terrorism

Terrorism is violence or the threat of violence employed by an individual

or group as a political strategy. Paul Johnson offers three insights about terrorism.

First, terrorism tries to paint violence as a legitimate political tactic, ignoring the

fact that such acts are condemned by virtually by every society. Second, terrorism

is employed not jut by groups but also by governments against their own people.

Third, although democratic principles oppose state terrorism, democracies are

especially vulnerable to terrorism because these governments afford extensive

civil liberties to their people and have limited police networks.

‘Mosh’ is also about anti terror protest. The speaker tries to convince

people about the bad effects of the terrorism, he clearly protests everything related

with terrorism acts because it grabs human right to life in tranquility and peaceful.

It can be seen in line:

a) Maybe this is god just sayin' we're responsible

For this monster, this coward, That we have empowered

This is Bin Laden, look at his head noddin'

Also can bee seen in question:

b) No more blood for oil, we got our own battles to fight on our own

soil

No more psychological warfare, to trick us to thinking that we

ain't loyal

Through a monster like Osama Bin Laden, God is trying to send a

message: Americans are responsible of the situation. They allowed Bush to take

power and to commerce with Osama which lead to the tragically situation they

already now. It is high time for anybody, no matter where we come from to stand

up and to fight for our rights. It is more than a duty for American citizens to vote

against the worst American president in history and it is very important for people

from other countries to show their opposition even in words. Speaker thought that

people as the citizen have the power, the obligation and the duty to refuse a

president who endangers the whole world for his own selfish commercial interest.

No more blood for oil, we got our own battles to fight on our own soil

No more blood for oil, no more blood just to get Bush some more cash.

No need to feel guilty when you don't want to lose your young life in a bloody

war in order to satisfy a dictator's madness. It can be assumed that there is implicit

criticism delivered by the speaker in the lyric upon terror acts or terrorism that

happened in his circumstance. It is clearly stated in:

"Teen million people, Are equal at this high pitch

Maybe we can reach alqueda through my speech

Let the president answer a higher anarchy

Strap him with an Ak-47, let him go, fight his own war

Let him impress daddy that way

No more blood for oil, we got our own battles to fight on our own soil

No more psychological warfare, to trick us to thinking that we ain't loyal

If we don't serve our own country, we're patronizing a hero”

They show the will of an engaged speaker to strengthen their own voice in

this world. The speaker tells people to fight and he empowers people through his

insightful speech. They have no reason to feel week and to accept to be the

prisoner of Bush's psychological manipulations. ‘Mosh’ has been written for

America and the world's sake. It offers us a new definition of American

patriotism and makes people understand that it is not necessary be a victim of

Bush's military policy to be a good citizen.

Bush’s policy is as strong as a terror act that makes only suffering and

destroying for people. Eminem is taking power against Bush and his words will

tear the current Mr. President in people's mind like the teeth of an alligator. The

government policy is including terrorism because it makes citizen life in fear and

insecurity and war is just left destruction, afflictions, and tears. Their policies are

equal with a terrorism organization, Alqueda that clearly stated in line “Maybe we

can reach alqueda through my speech”. This line means by his voice the speaker

can find the Alqueda and stop their action to threat society; even he wishes he

could eliminate the organization.

After those explanations, the writer sums up the song lyric ‘Mosh’ could

be considered as social control. The function of criticism is as social control

toward social system. In its position, social criticisms placed an important role to

keep social system going well.

For Eminem, the speaker and the speaker of his song lyric, expressing a

criticism in his song lyric is one of ways to take part in one of those normative

functions as social control. Criticism is one of media in conveying social

aspirations, restiveness, and even conveying anger. A criticism will always face

the aspect of state power and government. The power is defined as an institution

that has tendentious of excessive, repressive,, corruptive, collusive, and so on.

Hence, it must be controlled and criticized. The writer found some Eminem’s

criticisms in his song lyric ‘Mosh’, which the writer considers it as a part of

Eminem’s control to Bush administration.

First, Eminem takes more attention about war, especially Iraqi war. Mosh

has given signalmen to Bush’s administration to recycle the administration and

stop the war. Most of American citizen protest against bush Administration about

policy of war. Eminem as the representation of most people in the country even in

the world asks the government returning the troops home from Iraq and stop the

war.

Second, Eminem disagrees with terrorism and anything coo-related to it.

He speaks to ambush all terrorism and terror act. The most tragically event that he

regretted is September 11th

. Eminem condemned everything about terror acts so

that he conduct lyric to express his feelings and his disappointment about that.

However, he does not only curse the terrorists for all their deeds but also curse the

president’s terror policy as it seems like legalize murder. He assumes that Bush’s

policy is as well as terrorism because his policy becomes something frightening

and threatening people.

Through song lyric ‘Mosh’ Eminem plays roles as the control social

toward terror act that makes people live in suffering and destroying and he gaining

social system that going well according to peace concept. Thus, this significantly

can be considered that Eminem’s song lyric has its function as the social control.

B.2 Eminem’s Song Lyrics ‘Mosh’ which contain Figures of Speech

Criticize Social Problems in America.

The next research finding is analysis how Eminem’s song lyric criticizes

the social problems happened in America caused by Bush’s Policies. As literary

work Eminem’s song lyric ‘Mosh’ is not only use ordinary language but also use

extraordinary language in say every detail of criticism as we known figurative

language or figure of speech. Figure of speech which is any way of saying

something other than the ordinary way or Figurative language—language using

figure of speech—is language that cannot be taken literally.

The writer analyzes the lyric so as to get language use that applied in

whole lyrics to criticize social problems. In this step, the figures of speech are

listed in the table in the previous discussion thoroughly analyzed. The types of

figures of speech are determined here. Next, the figures of speech analyzed for the

meaning in common sense and with the context of the lyric. The following section

exposes the data analysis from ‘Mosh’ song lyric performed by the writer. The

writer found ten kinds of figures of speech in the lyric in criticizing the social

problems. They are apostrophe, metaphor, Simile, personification, symbol,

allegory, situational irony, metonymy, synecdoche, and sarcasm. The analysis is

arranged per line:

1) Apostrophe is used as criticism of social problem

a) The lyric

The ‘Mosh’ lyric as a whole are apostrophe. Apostrophe consists in

addressing someone absent or dead or something nonhuman as if that person or

thing were present and alive and could reply to what is being said. The use of

apostrophe negates the necessity of the person of whom the message is intended to

be actually present to reply or respond the questions.

In his lyric, Eminem is in addressing people or citizen of America to come

together as unity against their dictator president and his unwise policies that

would not help them for the better life. The song lyric is an anti Bush Protest. The

speaker simply stated how Bush fed people as much as he can to give people

incentive to support the war, even lies, but does not give them the whole truth. He

says people need to get together and voice opinions that most people see how the

war or Bush does not help them. He is absolutely a business man, not a leader or a

man of smarts other than to a monetary advantage. He's simply asks Americans to

form an army and vote Bush out of office on election. Hence, the lyrics clearly

called apostrophe because speaker addressed the absence of people as they

directly could respond him. He calls people to be awake and to protest the

president’s policy.

2) Simile is used as criticism of social problem

a) Someone's tryina tell us something,

Maybe this is god just sayin' we're responsible For this monster, this coward,

That we have empowered This is Bin Laden, look at his head noddin'

The speaker used simile in line 46-48: “For this monster, this coward”.

The speaker used for this coward this monster refers to a terrorist. The speaker

compared implicitly monster to Osama Bin Laden. Monster is commonly a

frightening creature that can destroy anything easily. Hence, Osama is absolutely

same as a monster that destroys and frightens people with his terror. Those words

are clearly as criticism toward the terrorists especially Osama bin Laden as the

one who are responsible for September the 11th attack. Through those lyrics,

speaker also criticism Americans that allowed Bush to take power and to

commerce with Osama which lead to the tragically situation and they are

responsible for the situation. It clearly stated; “Maybe this is god just sayin' we're

responsible”… “For this monster, this coward”, and “That we have empowered”

3) Metaphor is used as criticism of social problem

b) As we proceed

To mosh through this desert storm

Metaphor is comparison—the making connections between normally

unrelated things. The comparison is implied in such a way that figurative term is

substituted for or identified with the literal one. The speaker used metaphor in line

68: ‘to mosh through this desert storm”. The speaker compared the condition or

situation in society that resulted by war and terror to the desert storm. Desert

storm is an natural process always bring people in destroying and suffering, and it

agrees with social condition in US that is not as good as people dream caused by

war.

4) Personification is used as criticism of social problem

a) Mosh pits outside the oval office

Personification consists in giving the attributes of human being to an

animal, an object, or a concept. It is really a subtype comparison is always human

being. Personification is a type of metaphor in which distinctive human

characteristics. On “Mosh pits outside the oval office”, speaker personified the

word mosh as noun that able to pit. Mosh is a concept of moshing or slamming

refers to the activity in which audience members at live music performances

aggressively push or slam into each other. Thus, word ‘pit’ is just can be used for

human expression.

From those explanations, the writer concludes that the words mosh pits

outside the oval office used to criticize president’s policy to conduct war. It is a

personification of people who come together outside the oval office—the

president’s office, to pit the social situation resulted by war and to protest the

government policy to conduct war.

5) Symbol is used as criticism of social problem

a) I pledge allegiance to the flag of the united states of America

And to the Republic for which it stands

One nation under God

Indivisible with liberty and justice for all...

A symbol may be roughly defined as something that is means more than

what it is. A symbol is any object or action that represents something beyond

itself. A rose, for example, can represent beauty or love or transience. A tree may

represent a family’s root or branches. Light may symbolize hope or knowledge or

life. These are familiar symbols may represent different, event opposite things,

depending on how they are deployed in particular poem. In this line, word ‘flag’

symbolize a freedom.

In the song lyric context, the word ‘flag’ represents and symbolizes of a

freedom in a country with no war and terror. Through those lyrics, the speaker

criticizes the real condition of society. The words described that the speaker

disappointed to the president’s policy about war because it just left society in

worse situation. The Speaker criticized Bush who supposed to make society for

the better situation, it appropriates with the word flag that means freedom. Yet, in

fact he even made an opposite situation—war.

6) Allegory is used as criticism of social problem

a) Come along follow me as I lead through the darkness

As I provide just enough spark that we need to proceed

Carry on, give me hope, give me strength

Come with me and I won't steer you wrong

Put your faith and your trust as I guide us through the fog

To the light at the end of the tunnel

Allegory is a form of narrative in which people, places, and happenings

have hidden or symbolic meaning. Allegory is narrative or description that a

second meaning beneath the surface. In allegory there is usually a one-to-one

correspondence between the details may have more than one meaning, but these

meanings tend to be definite.

Eminem used allegory in line 22-27.”Come along follow me as I lead

through the darkness’ and ‘Put your faith and your trust as I guide us through the

fog’ do not directly mean that the speaker or the speaker asks people to become

the leader pass the darkness and guiding people to pass through the fog, but it has

its allegorical meaning that the word ‘darkness’ does not mean anyplace without

light and fully filled by ‘fog’, but they are symbolize experiences of life that

people got because of government policies. The words darkness and fog are

intended to criticize the result of war that lead people to the suffering, dying, and

destroying. The speaker, as the leader, described to lead people pass the bad

condition of life and ask people to put their faith to him.

Then, in line 27: ‘to the light at the end of the tunnel’ has its allegorical

meaning that speaker will bring people from sad life to the new life for the better.

From the context the writer found that the tunnel itself is as a sad life that people

have been experiencing and the light as allegory of the better life.

From those explanations, the writer concludes that allegory used as

criticism toward social conditions happen in society like the sadness life that

resulted by government’s policies. It is worse condition of society caused war.

7) Situational Irony is used as criticism of social problem

a) No more blood for oil, we got our own battles to fight on our own

soil

No more psychological warfare, to trick us to thinking that we ain't

loyal

Situational irony or irony of situation occurs when a discrepancy or

incongruity exists between the actual circumstances and those that would seem

appropriate or between what one anticipates and what actually comes to pass. In

the lyric, the speaker applies “No more blood for oil, we got our own battles to

fight on our own soil” conveying the discrepancy between actual circumstance

with the speaker hopes in his society.

In this context, the speaker must get his war against his own president in

his own country because of the president’s terror policy to decide war in Iraq.

War, which same as terrorism act is known just left dying and need blood of the

troops and is something does not expected by the speaker. The sentence ironically

says that it is no need to feel guilty when you don't want to lose your young life in

a bloody war in order to satisfy a dictator's madness.

In line 60:”No more psychological warfare, to trick us to thinking that we

ain't loyal” conveys to the reader that war has been conducted for nothing and just

a president’s hypocrisy to gain his own interest. The discrepancy is between

speaker’s expectation and the reality. The speaker whishes live in peaceful and

appropriate rights without any terror or war action, even psychological warfare.

However, ironically his critique leads the speaker as person does not have loyalty

to the state because he criticizes the president’s policy. The speaker as the

representation of American citizen dislikes President Bush should face the reality

that people live in inappropriate condition of social system.

8) Metonymy is used as criticism of social problem

a) Look in his eyes its all lies

The stars and stripes, they've been swiped, washed out and wiped

And replaced with his own face, Mosh now or die

Metonymy is the use of something closely related for the thing actually

meant. It is used in rhetoric in which a thing or concept is not called by its own

name, but by the name of something intimately associated with that thing or

concept. Metonymy is substituting and attributing of a thing for the thing itself.

In criticizing the social problems, the song lyric “Mosh” using metonymy

in line 63: “the stars and stripes, they've been swiped, washed out and wiped”, the

speaker using metonymy, by ‘the stars and stripes’ he means the flag of the USA.

The speaker used the stars and the strips to substituting and attributing the flag

which is something closely related for the thing actually meant. Moreover, by

using metonymy, the speaker criticized the Bush’s policies that lead society to the

worse. His hypocrisy as if he would to replace the image of stars and strips in the

flag with his own face. It can bee seen in the next line: “And replaced with his

own face, Mosh now or die”. Hence, the lyric intended to criticism the president’s

policy that made society run disorder.

9) Synecdoche is used as criticism of social problem

a) How could we allow something like this without pumping our fists

Now this is our final hour

Let me be the voice in your strength and your choice

Let me simplify the rhyme just to amplify the noise

Try to amplify the times it, and multiply by six...

Teen million people, Are equal at this high pitch

Maybe we can reach alqueda through my speech

In the lyric, he writer found one kind of figures of speech when the

speaker uses synecdoche in “How could we allow something like this without

pumping our fists”. The speaker used ‘our fist’ as synecdoche as it did not mean

only by pumping fists of their hands to protest against president’s policies but it

meant the whole of their efforts to avoid more victims caused by war. The part of

the lyrics above shows that the speaker expressed his feeling about social problem

happened in his society. He called people to do some efforts to protest against

Bush and even their attempt to find the terrorist organization like Alqueda. The

lyric used synecdoche to simplify the way of referring to the whole acts or effort

to protest against Bush without using the word or phrase.

10) Sarcasm is used as criticism of social problem

a) Rebel with a rebel yell, raise hell we gonna let em know

Stomp, push, shove, mush, Fuck Bush, until they bring our troops

home (c'mon)

Sarcasm is imply bitter or cutting speech, intended to wound the feelings.

Satire is a more formal term, usually applied to written literature rather than to

speech and ordinarily implying a higher motive: it is ridicule (either bitter or

gentle) of human folly and vice, with the bringing about reform or at least of

keeping other people from falling into similar folly or vice. Eminem used sarcasm

in line 41: “Stomp, push, shove, mush, Fuck Bush, until they bring our troops

home”. He used the word ‘fuck’ in this line intended to wind the feeling of the

addressee who is in this case is the president with the purpose of bringing about

reform. In this context, sarcasm here means the expression of anger of the speaker

as the representative of American citizen toward president’s policy. The speaker

demands reform to stop the war and bring the troops back so as to get the new life

in peace, happiness, and rights from the government by eliminating Bush.

b) For this monster, this coward,

That we have empowered

This is Bin Laden, look at his head noddin'

In line 46: “for this monster, this coward” the speaker used sarcastic words

monster and coward to hurt the feeling of addressee that is Osama Bin Laden. He

is the person who has responsibility for the social condition which is in threat and

fears caused his terror act and the war, especially September 11th tragedy. The

word monster and coward absolutely has negative meaning which could wind

someone’s feeling, thus, the speaker stated the word in the lyrics to criticize the

terror action toward society.

CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion

As it has been mentioned in the chapter I that the purpose of the study is to

find out social criticism concerning about social problems which appears in

society, revealed in a song lyric and to find out the figures of speech used, the

author chooses to criticize the social problems and deliver the messages in his

lyric. Based upon the analysis process in the chapter III, the writer comes up with

the following conclusion.

In Eminem’s song lyric ‘Mosh’, the writer concludes the lyric containing

criticism toward social problems happened in society: anti war and anti terrorism

protest. Eminem criticizes the situation and condition in society caused by

President who had done some hypocrisy in his administration. Moreover, he also

criticizes the terrorism act, especially the September 11th tragedy that caused by

Osama Bin Laden and his Organization, Al Qaeda. Through this Song lyric,

Eminem demands the new generation of the better and have people realize how

much they were manipulated by the government.

Then, in criticizing the social problems Eminem does not only use

ordinary language to convey his feelings and thoughts in his lyric but also use

kinds of figurative language. Figurative language can help the author to deliver his

expressions to the readers or the listeners of the song, and then they can feel and

imagine how the real condition in society is. Moreover, it also can help the readers

or the listeners of the song to understand and get the whole meaning and message

of the lyric correctly.

The writer reveals the occurrences of figurative language in the song lyric

that consisting of some kinds of figure of speech. The writer found ten kinds of

figures of speech, they are apostrophe, metaphor, simile, personification, symbol,

allegory, situational irony, metonymy, synecdoche, and sarcasm.

B. Suggestion

The only suggestion from this research is, for student especially and for

people who do not have adequate knowledge about the literary criticism and

language usage in a literary works generally, to be vigilant and alert to the literary

work like song lyric. Every song has its meaning behind the surface. Thus, people

need to appreciate literary work generally and lyric especially every detail from

the elements, either the intrinsic or extrinsic elements, to find out what actually

the literary work wants to tell and what the author’s message of it. Moreover, one

approach of literary criticisms that is an exciting way to appreciate a literary work

like song lyric is sociology of literature as it considers that a literary work can

reflect real condition in a society at a certain time.

In addition, to understand song lyric more deeply, the readers have to

analyze supporting elements of the song lyric as well as a poem. The readers

appreciate not only the kinds of language use like figurative but also can

appreciate the extrinsic elements like background of the author, social

environment, and politics, and even social problems happened in the society.

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APPENDICES

MOSH LYRIC

I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America

And to the Republic for which it stands

One nation under God

Indivisible with liberty and justice for all...

It feels so good to be back...

I scrutinize every word, memorize every line

I spit it once, refuel and re-energize and rewind

I give sight to the blind, my insight through the mind

I exercise my right to express when I feel it's time

It's just all in your mind, what you interpret it as I say to fight, you take it as I'mma whip someone's ass

If you don't understand, don't even bother to ask A father who has grown up with a fatherless past

Who has blown up now to rap phenomenon that has Or at least shows no difficulty multi-task

And in juggling both perhaps mastered his craft Slash entrepreneur who has helped launch a few more rap acts

Who's had a few obstacles thrown his way through the last half

Of his career typical manure moving past that

Mr. kisses ass crack, he's a class act

Rubber band man, yea he just snaps back

[Chorus:]Come along follow me as I lead through the darkness

As I provide just enough spark that we need to proceed

Carry on, give me hope, give me strength

Come with me and I won't steer you wrong

Put your faith and your trust as I guide us through the fog

To the light at the end of the tunnel

We gonna fight, we gonna charge, we gonna stomp, we gonna march

Through the swamp, we gonna mosh through the marsh Take us right through the doors (c'mon)

All the people up top on the side and the middle Come together lets all bomb and swamp just a little

Just let it gradually build from the front to the back All you can see is a sea of people some white and some black

Don't matter what color, all that matters we gathered together To celebrate for the same cause don't matter the weather

If it rains let it rain, yea the wetter the better

They ain't gonna stop us they can't, we stronger now more than ever

They tell us no we say yea, they tell us stop we say go

Rebel with a rebel yell, raise hell we gonna let em know

Stomp, push, shove, mush, F*ck Bush, until they bring our troops home (c'mon)

[Chorus]

Imagine it pouring, it's raining down on us

Mosh pits outside the oval office Someone's tryina tell us something,

Maybe this is God just sayin' we're responsible For this monster, this coward,

That we have empowered

This is Bin Laden, look at his head noddin'

How could we allow something like this without pumping our fists

Now this is our final hour

Let me be the voice in your strength and your choice

Let me simplify the rhyme just to amplify the noise

Try to amplify the times it, and multiply by six...

Teen million people, Are equal at this high pitch

Maybe we can reach alqueda through my speech

Let the president answer a higher anarchy

Strap him with an Ak-47, let him go, fight his own war

Let him impress daddy that way

No more blood for oil, we got our own battles to fight on our own soil No more psychological warfare, to trick us to thinking that we ain't loyal

If we don't serve our own country, we're patronizing a hero Look in his eyes its all lies

The stars and stripes, they've been swiped, washed out and wiped And replaced with his own face, Mosh now or die

If I get sniped tonight you know why, Cause I told you to fight.

[Chorus]

And as we proceed,

To Mosh through this desert storm,

In these closing statements, if they should argue

Let us beg to differ

As we set aside our differences

And assemble our own army

To disarm this Weapon of Mass Destruction

That we call our President, for the present

And Mosh for the future of our next generation

To speak and be heard

Mr. President, Mr. Senator Do you guy's hear us...hear us...[laughing] (Hailie)

EMINEM'S BIOGRAPHY

Eminem (born Marshall Bruce Mathers III on October 17, 1972) is an American rapper, and both a Grammy and

Oscar-winner. He is of mostly Scottish-American descent, and currently lives in suburban Detroit.

Discovered by rapper/producer Dr. Dre, Eminem is known as one of the most skillful and controversial

rappers in the industry, becoming a crossover sensation with his debut single "My Name Is" while

simultaneously earning respect from the hip-hop community for his lyrical talent.

He is noted for his ability to change his own verbal pace

(flow) and style multiple times within one song without

losing the beat, and has been praised for his skill in alliteration and assonance.

He is infamous for the controversy surrounding many of his lyrics. With

the enormous success of his sophomore album The Marshall Mathers LP

following its release in May 2000, and its subsequent nomination for four

Grammy awards including Album of the Year, critics such as GLAAD denounced

his lyrics as homophobic, while others complained that it was also extremely

misogynistic and violent. However, he has received a great deal of praise within

the hip-hop community for his lyrical ability. He is the second-highest selling

rapper of all time, behind Tupac Shakur, though the latter has had several posthumous albums released.

While generally avoiding overtly political tones previously (or if they were mentioned it was in passing), in late 2004 before the presidential election,

Eminem released the song "Mosh," which harshly criticizes President George W. Bush. Encore, Mathers' fourth major-label album, was released later that year, but

was considered by many to be a disappointment in comparison to his previous three albums and sold half of what The Eminem Show had. Though Eminem

considers himself neither a militant nor a political artist, he did have his own Hip Hop Political Convention as a parody of the national political conventions held in

2004. His latest release is Curtain Call: The Hits, a compilation which covers

many of his past hit songs, and includes three new tracks.

EMINEM'S PERSONAL LIFE

Marshall Mather's early childhood

Marshall was born in St. Joseph, Missouri (near Kansas City) to parents Deborah "Debbie" Mathers-Briggs and Marshall Bruce Mathers II, and spent most

of his childhood moving back and forth between Kansas City, and suburban Detroit, including Warren. His father had abandoned the family before Marshall

turned two years old, and the two have not had contact since, save some rejected attempts by Marshall's father to contact Marshall after his rise to fame.

Constantly moving from home to home, he frequently changed schools, often finding himself to be an outcast in the new communities, and frequently fell

victim to bullying. An assault by schoolmate De Angelo Bailey that left Marshall

hospitalized was the most notable such incident, which Marshall would later

recount in greatly exaggerated form on the track "Brain Damage" (The Slim

Shady LP, 1999). The song prompted legal action by the assailant, with

accusations of libel and privacy infringement, which were eventually dismissed in

court.

His childhood was further marred by his family's meager financial status,

which was the primary reason for the continuous moving, during which Marshall

and his mother Debbie would often find themselves living in public housing,

mobile homes, and under the care of relatives, such as Marshall's great-aunt Edna,

whom he mentions in "Evil Deeds" (''Encore''). During this time, Debbie was

legally taking the prescription drugs Vicodin and Valium, though Marshall later

claimed in numerous interviews and songs that she was abusing the drugs, to which Debbie retaliated with a lawsuit pressing defamation charges (see below).

In the song "Cleaning Out My Closet" (The Eminem Show, 2002), Mathers also accuses his mother of having Munchausen syndrome, adding that "my whole life I

was made to believe I was sick when I wasn't... it makes you sick to your stomach, doesn't it?". This was not the first time someone had suggested Debbie had the

disorder; a social worker had made similar comments following a 1996 investigation of her mistreatment of Nathan Samra-Mathers, her second child.

Eminem's life before fame

Before dropping out of Lincoln High School Warren as a 9th grader at the

age of 17 (after failing ninth grade three times), Marshall made a number of

significant acquaintances at the school. This included fellow rapper Proof, who

was to become one of his closest friends, the Runyon Avenue Soldiers, and future

wife Kimberly Ann "Kim" Scott, with whom he soon developed a long-term

relationship. When Kim became pregnant, this further increased Marshall's drive

to succeed through concern over the welfare of his new family. He discusses this

in "Never Far" (Infinite, 1996), saying "I got a baby on the way, I don't even got a

car...I still stay with my moms...we gotta make some hit records or something

because I'm tired of being broke..." When the Infinite album failed to generate the

revenue and acclaim he had hoped for, and Kim ended their relationship, preventing him from seeing his newborn child, Marshall decided to take his own

life. However, his suicide attempt using an overdose of Tylenol analgesics failed,

and Marshall resumed his efforts to succeed in the music industry and reconcile

with Kim. He ultimately succeeded in doing both, marrying Kim on June 14, 1999

in St. Joseph, Missouri.

The couple's daughter, Hailie Jade Scott, born December 25, 1995 would grow to become an important part of Marshall's life, as he became dedicated to

giving her everything he himself was deprived of in his childhood, including a father figure and financial security. He would go on to mention her extensively in

some of his songs, including "'97 Bonnie & Clyde" (The Slim Shady LP, 1999), which takes the form of a one-sided dialogue with Hailie, as well as "Hailie's

Song" (The Eminem Show, 2002), "Mockingbird" (''Encore'', 2004), and "When I'm Gone" (Curtain Call: The Hits, 2005), all of which are proclamations of his

love and dedication to her. In addition, he samples her voice in the less serious

upbeat track "My Dad's Gone Crazy" (The Eminem Show, 2002).