a seminar on tesla turbines
TRANSCRIPT
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A Seminar On
TESLA TURBINES
PRESENTED BY
SOUGANTH SUGATHAN MANJHIPARAMBIL
ISAMEME057
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“The desire that guides me in all I do is the desire to harness the forces of nature to the service of
mankind.”
Nikola Tesla (1856 – 1943)
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 2IESCE
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CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION• CONSTRUCTION• BOUNDARY LAYER CONCEPT• THEORY OF OPERATION• EFFICIENCY OF TESLA TURBINES• APPLICATIONS• PICO HYDRO• TESLA TURBINES AND PICO HYDRO• ADVANTAGES• DISADVANTAGES• CONCLUSION• REFERENCES
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 3IESCE
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INTRODUCTION
• Tesla turbine is a bladeless turbine.
• It was patented by Nikola Tesla in 1913.
• It is a radial type turbine.
• Also known as Prandtl layer turbine and boundary layer turbine.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 4IESCE
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Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 5IESCE
PARTS OF A TESLA TURBINE
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CONSTRUCTION
There are mainly 2 parts in the turbine.
Rotor
• Consists of series of smooth discs mounted on a shaft .
• Each disk is made with openings surrounding the shaft.
• These openings act as exhaust ports through which the fluid exits.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 6IESCE
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Stator
• The rotor assembly is housed within a cylindrical stator, or the stationary part of the turbine.
• Each end of the stator contains a bearing for the shaft.
• The stator also contains one or two inlets, into which nozzles are inserted.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 7IESCE
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• To make the turbine run, a high-pressure fluid enters the nozzles at the stator inlets.
• The fluid passes between the rotor disks and causes the rotor to spin.
• Eventually, the fluid exits through the exhaust ports in the center of the turbine.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. IESCE 8
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BOUNDARY LAYER CONCEPT
• A layer of fluid developing in flows with very high Reynolds Number, Re, that is with relatively low viscosity as compared with inertia forces.
• Observed when bodies are exposed to high velocity air stream or when bodies are very large and the air stream velocity is moderate.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 9IESCE
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Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 10IESCE
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THEORY OF OPERATION
• As the fluid moves past each disk, adhesive forces cause the fluid molecules just above the metal surface to slow down and stick.
• The molecules just above those at the surface slow down when they collide with the molecules sticking to the surface.
• These molecules in turn slow down the flow just above them.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 11IESCE
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• The farther one moves away from the surface, the fewer the collisions affected by the object surface.
• At the same time, viscous forces cause the molecules of the fluid to resist separation.
• This generates a pulling force that is transmitted to the disk, causing the disk to move in the direction of the fluid.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. IESCE 12
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Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 13IESCE
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EFFICIENCY VS RPM CURVE
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 14IESCE
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EFFICIENCY OF TESLA TURBINES
• Tesla claimed a theoretical efficiency of the order of 95%.
• Actual turbine efficiency is estimated to be about 60%.
• Practical results seems to be lower than conventional turbines.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 15IESCE
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APPLICATIONS
• It can be converted into a pump, called Tesla pump.
• As a multiple-disk centrifugal blood pump.
• Pico Hydro applications.
• Fluids with high viscosities, abrasives, solid particles or two phase fluids.
• As a waste pump.
• As a wind turbine
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 16IESCE
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PICO HYDRO
• Harness the energy of flowing water at capacities smaller than 5kW.
• Lowest generating cost.
• Low environmental impact.
• Displacement of large populations is not required.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 17IESCE
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TESLA TURBINE AND PICO HYDRO
• Simple components and design.
• Local setting manufacture lowers capital and maintenance costs.
• Lesser risk of erosion of discs.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 18IESCE
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ADVANTAGES
• Low production costs.
• Simpler design and manufacture.
• Can be used for a variety of fluids.
• Can be easily reversed into a pump.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 19IESCE
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DISADVANTAGES
• Low torque.
• Proof of its efficiency compared to conventional turbines is still questionable and needs more research.
• Loss of energy due to friction at high speeds.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 20IESCE
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CONCLUSION
• Not compatible for applications where conventional machines are adequate.
• Should be considered in applications where conventional methods are inadequate.
• Applications which need small shaft power, highly viscous fluids or non-Newtonian fluids.
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 21IESCE
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REFERENCES
[1] Rice, W., “Tesla Turbomachinery”, International Nikola Tesla Symposium, 1991.
[2] Bryan P. Ho-Yan, “Tesla Turbine for Pico Hydro Applications”, Guelph Engineering Journal, 2011.
[3] S.J. Foo, W.C. Tan and M. Shahril, “Development of Tesla Turbine for Green Energy Application”, National Conference in Mechanical Engineering Research and Postgraduate Studies, 2010
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 22IESCE
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THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. IESCE 23
ANY
QUESTIONS?
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GET READY FOR THE QUIZ!!
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. IESCE 24
PROBLEM???
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QUESTIONS
1. What is the direction in which fluid enters and exits the turbine?
2. State a major disadvantage of Tesla turbines.
3. Why do you think the Tesla turbine is also named as Prandtl layer turbine?
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. IESCE 25