7514 Kensington StreetPittsburgh, PA 15221-3224U.S.A.(412) 371-1000

A REPORT FROM INDIA:

MEDIATION:

A PROCESS OF EDUCATION

by D.K. Sampath"VIJAYA"

1, Alagesan Ro~dChengalpattu' (T.N)

INDIA

Prepared for North American Conference on Peacemaking and ConflictResolut1on~ Montreal. Canada~ February 28 -March 5~ 1989.

Introductory Comments

Any representation from Asia would focus on the legal resources of therural poor. Asia is rural; Asia is poor. The one resource Asia has in plentyis the human resource. It goes without saying that the available resourceshould be first tapped, organised and developed before other resources arethought of. Lawyers form the skilled section of the human resource. But arethey'human'? Are they available to the rural poor? Only then can they belooked on as a legal resource for the rural poor.

The Legal Aid Boards in var1ous As1an countries are creating an awarenessof the urgency of the need for lawyers to become people oriented, rather thanproblem oriented. One of the ways in which th1S ~S atteapted 1n Ind1a 18 to go

to the people and enable them to use conflict as a social tool. The mediationprogramme of the Tamil Nad State Legal Aid & Advice Board, Madras, (South India)is promoting self resolution of disputes amongst the rural poor.

A word of caution. When lawyers go to the poor, they have to safeguardagainst the poor being made litigious. In India, centuries ago, the panchayat(informal village court run by elders] was concieved as a protest against thelegitimacy of legalism. An undue regard for law will engender a blind faith inthe l1tigative processes. Mediations is being evolved by our programme as acountervailing force tothe excesses of legalism. It has to go in step with thecreation of awareness and assertiveness in the poor. <DKS)

~ ~ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ~ ~ * * *O.K. 58mp8th i6 8 member of the Intern8tion8l Council of the Conflict Re6olutionCenter Internation81. Inc.

1

MEP rAT I ON -A 1::'ROCI;_$_§ QE_._f:.Q.!)_~e.T..~_Q.N J.

Medi,";\i:j,oli j,s 01"1((c: o'f: th(;? c:or,'f1j,ct r"esoJ,I"I'ti,c:)li r.1r-ocesses. It is aneducat i rig pt-(:J(:(':!!S;~5 't:(:Jo. A blr'i ef r10'te abou't the r-ol e of themediatc)r- :Lr-, th(;? j::)r-(:)c.~(;?5S o'f: mecjj,~.'t,j,on is pr-esented in whatf oIl 1:"1 w s .I 't :L s :l.";\ Ir' I:;) f.~):l 'y' t::1 ,:,'1 !5 (:::) (j 0 r-, t I"i (:~ e :': per- i e Ii c e gat her- e d a s aresLll'\: o'f: my (;~:':rJI:':)!;;Lllr'f!~ t:(:> i:lie~ie l=)rOCeSSE~s at VariOL\S mediationc: f? n t, r" E' s ~'\J h (:~) /r' ~") J: W 0 J~ I,;: .T h f:-! Y ,"I r" E? :l 0 c a 't f:~ d i r1 v j, :l 1 age sin the s tat eof Tamj,l 1'~i:1I:jLl:l ~3C"1Llt:li Ir1dj,a.Th('E! Tamil NadLl state Legal Aid andA (j v iCE'! E:! 0 ,,:\ r" (:;I :I Ivi ",\ cllr' .:.'\ s (I r1 d :L <:\ ) I-) <i:\ S 0 ,r' I;) 0:\ Ii i 5 e (:I t-: his P I~ 0 9 r- a m m e i n 5 (Icentl~E:S irl 't Ii f.:? st:a't:e. I't, is c:orlceived as legaJ, aid oLltside theCOLIr-'t !E;'ys'tf::)m. J: t, r,.";\5 't:C) t.:)(::::' <:il::)r':il~(::c::L at:e(j :L r1 tile conte:,: t of theprol:)lE'rrl o'f ac.~c(:::)SS tCi c,:oLlr"'ts ,f:o/r' the I~ur'al poor. Tliese villagesa/roe al:JOLlt :25 too :::;;(:) /':::m 'fy"(:>m i~,I"IE'! nE.~i::1r-est C:OLlr"t centres. In somecerI1:lr'((c:S', a 10Ii(;: J,al-vYE)r" l-VI:"II~~::~:; 0;\5 the mediatol~. In some centres ateam WOF'~::5. F--OI~ i r,!::.;'t,i::\liCf?!1 ::) CJr- 4 1 awyel~5 fr'om the bar- atCliengalpa't:t:I_1 (T.r~) ,;:I/"id or-Ie or" t,,'JO J,ocaJ, viJ,lage elder-s help thedispLl'tants 5E"tt,lE? 't:I")(':!!:i,l~ (:-J:iSI:JLt'tes a't, l"ilr'LlpCJlr'Ltr-. The ser-vice isoffE:I"ed fr-eEo 'f:or" 'thl"eE' hOLIr-S ev~,~r-y sLlnday at the BlockDevE'!:l opmen t (:)1: 'f: i c:e PI"f::;:m:i, ;::j(:;":::;. 1"1-1('::) i n'ti::\I,;:e aver-ages two per- sessi on,a hun(.1r-ed 0:\ yeal~. "I-liE? cf:?ni:r'l:-E! c:(.Jml=-}lf!~t:f.":)t=.; j,'ts fiftli year in October-,1988.. A!5 of liOW ~ ({:~LtgLI!5t 1 <it3E3) 'the i lita~::e stands at 485. About6(:) 't:o 7(::) rJ elr' c: E?rl t: of t:hl:i:' j, r,t",\~;:e" r-eacli the stage of negoti ati ons.In the r"E)S't, 't:/"1f::)lr'e :L 5 r1C) r'esl=)orlse too tile r-equest to the other-par-toY 'to 't:hE' dj, ~opu't:(."? 't:o o:\'t't:E~n(j 1::I-le celi'tr-e ;for- negoti ati ng asett:l,emeli't. OIl ar1 "--"Iver"cll}f? aboLl't: 4(:) per-cent of. the intake ar-eset'tlec.1. {'i Ir'(.'?cerl't ((,:valui::\tion ~;hows th.:\t aboL\t '7(:) per-cent of thesett:lE~men't!:; clt"'e dLlr.:\blE). Wit:rl thj,!E; bac~:: 1;)r-oLlnd in mind" let LISJ, OO~:: at t: Ii (;.') mE:-!c~,i 0:t1':c'r'" 5 1~c.):I, I:i,' i,li t:h£-? foIl owj, ng par-agraphs.

Each diSpl_I't:e is; ;::tr1 e~':pt-'ession of the personality of thecji!5pLttarj'ts j,nvol\/r:!!cj :L'-j it.:. Th(':,) SO],Ll'l-:j,OI'l may also bear the impresso'f tl'le mfo~cl:L".:ttOI"'. ElLt't:, h(:;;) sl'lOLllcl gLlaF'd agair!st thrLls"ting hisvalLtes on t.:I'le (jj.~5j:)Ltt,"lr!'t.s. TI'l£o'!re c:l."""f? class valLles, caste values.TI'leF.e ct"""e gt-.C)U!:J val Ll(:;::!:";, I,"",~t:;)ior!a]. va:LLl!:.""'!!:;;. Values mar~::ing age, se:<or positj.ori .~.t-.e cAls;o (:Jft.:en see,-].

T his i!:; c") (j i 'f: 'f: j, c: u:1 't: t, ",,\ !:i ~:: .'v" '::1 :L u e t"; ",,\ "" e a r1 i n t e 9 r- a 1. par- t 0 f 0 Ll r-per-SOl-fa 1 j,ty. It j,:; imIJo:;E5ible t:o clj.vor'c:e OLlr- per-c:eptions fr-om OLlr-val LIes. WI;? c:,:\1'1 LISE! '1:I,em '1:0 pl~Clmote tile Llltimate goals of theprogr"amme. ~3IJel:L OLI'I: t:I-1e ri~JI,'1: beJ,ie'fs .:\bOLlt what medi,ation isand how on('£'! !::;(;?'t:s abclu.t: it. These be:L i efs halve tr-emendoLls power-.The')" !Tlo't:iv,=,.te '::incj SU!5'1:,':\in the e'fforts of the mediator. AnLlnfailing d!"=!'/o'l:ior'l to ti-lese tlf;:,liE!fs is r-eqLlil~ed of the mediator-.These IJelie-f:s c:ol'lstii:Llte the basic: philosophy of mediation. TheyshOLlld r1o't t:I(,£,! tampel~ed w:ith:t liowevel~ in'formal and fle:{ible theproc:ess of mecj j. ai::i 01-, !Tlay be. For i listanc:e ar. el ement ofc:ompLl:Ls:iorl 01'- pLlliisl-lrr.E~I-I't shoLI1(:1 never- flaw a settlement dr-rivedat by r'if:?gotia'tior'rs 'thIP'ou(;jh a medj, at or-. If this happens the foC:LlSon fl..ltl..l"-f;.~ Ii;\mic:~t)lE1 IP'(;i1:L;i;\t:j.or'1shi~js is lost;. A belief that humgndigr1ii:y !:5I,oLllc:1 r!f:?V~!". I::ie a c:,::'\!::;uali:y j,r1 a\r'lY se'ttlemelit, a belieftha't E~'1E:1n .f",ii 1 LlIP'E..S bLI:i,l (:1 l.1~,) 't:rl(~) Pr-(Jld"-iamme w:i 11 avoi d need1 ess

,j.E>:cer.pts f,,-om "I"led:ic:\.t.i(:lI-j" by D.I.:::.Sampath under PLlblic:ation

by the Natj.Olial School 01: Lc\W, Bangc:\lor-e, India.

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fr-us.tr-atj.orl. The CE?I-I"l:r-,::\J.j.t:y ,jf har-mony in hLlman r-e1ationsl,ip is aco",'e be]. if"-'!i:. "',;:\c.t, impal~.tial ity, patience, Linder-standing, fair-play f:.\ncj f:.\ faj.1:1-1 j,n 1-IL.lmarl rl.:~'tLlr-£~, .::-\1J. contr-ibLlte to the SLlccessof the med:i.:t.tor""<;:; e'fi:o/p"t,!o-,. The valLIe commit.ment has to begener-ated and I,our-i shE~d by cl~ec:\t j, cln of a sense of mi ssi on. F'eopl emLlst tf:.\ll,:: ""I;)OLI"t tl,e w""y the di spLltants ar-e tr-eated by onemedia't,olp" '!:he e.:."-\!:-oe Wj.tl-1 whj,,~h anotl,er- ITledia.tor- gets the hostilepar-tie!:; l,ego.tic\'t.:i.nl:;J, 'the p,:\.t.iel,ce of a thir-d mediator- and theinnovative s~::ilJ. of arlotl-ler- il-\ sh~-\pin\:;J solLltions. Each mediator-does it a lj.t.tle d:iffe""erl't, and t,l,at is his own contr-ibLltion. Theprogr"amme j.s the r-ich!~r" .f:clr- it. F'eople tal~:: aboLlt it. Thepl~og/~amme o.f lTIedic\.tiorl gl"'-Clws. A system of val LIes helps inbLlildir!g L,Ij:1 arl j.magE,' o'f: the pr-ogr-c":l.mrtle. The ilTfage infusesconf i d(;)nce i r! t.I,!;) mecl:i a.tot-. Most of thE' di spLltants per-haps ma~::eenqLlir-ies .:~t)OLlt 1:he medi.:.-\1:0r-:o t-lis competerlcy and failings beforethey c\llow I,:i m °t'.o i l,tr-Llde i n.to thei r- 1 i fe. That is wher-ertledj. a1:or" s IP'el:Jl.lt:~-\.ti or!, .c~{r.'£::'fl.lll y bLli l.t LIP by small day to daya!:ts of C!:Jrlcer-n fol"'" thf"-'! POCIIP' helps. If ti-le cl:ispLlt,anot is satisfiedaboLlt .the borla fides c":l.nd si I,c.-:er"i t,y of the medi ator-, it goes a1 OI"lg way in b".' i ri\:;) i ng forth spontaneoLls response from hi m at thestage when wai vey"s arId col,cessi ons alp'e call ed for.

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Someti me!s .tr,e med:i ator- (nay h.:\',Ie .to edllcat.e a j:>ar-ty on her- r-i ghtsand clar-ify liOW she is erltitJ.ed to mllc:h mor-e than what she isasf.::i ng fol~. At once, tile other. par-ty to the di spLlte sllspects then1edia1:or- of being pal'.t:lso"!r1 Ol~ even lac~::ing in integr-ity. His wellestablished j.m.:tge woulcJ pl~everi.t sucr, a SLlspicion fr-om developing.Legal compei:elice c:ar1 bc~ gelic~I'.':"l.ted i Ii tr-ie poor- onl y if they havecorrfidence :ir1 h:im. A bar.bel~ died leavinl:;) behind a son and acjalll;)liter-. Ec:\l::h 1 j. Vf:?d i r) ;::~ pc.)I~i: j. 01-1 c1f .the hoLlse. The br-other- as~::edthe !:;:i st.f~lr. t.O V.:\(:.:1.t(;;:) .t:he 1-IOI_ISe. ::ilie di d not ~::rlow that she was aheir- .t:o her. father-. (~r-c~c:-:\i:j.I-)g 0":11-1 aW.:\I~elieSS of the r-ight is thetlit-eshol d tasl.::. Lel)al l.i 1:1;?1'.ac:,'. Tli(~rl t,he ai m is asser-ti veness,wi thollt c: 1 osi rIg the c.1oor-. l-he womali came to t~ med i ator- ask i ngf (:Jr- time to V.:tc.:1te, bll.t w('"::!rl.t b.:tc: ~:: wi th a shar-e 8f the hoLlse. Thebr-otliE:'r- nevel~ qL,lesti or1ecj thE! l:Jolia 'f i des of the medi ator- when hee)-(pl '"::"Ii rled about, a dii:\l_ll:;)l-i'L-:E~r-" ':::; shar-e in I-Ii ndll 1 aWn Indeed, hedecl i r1ed .tLi do so wI-I Ci,I-, I-Ie was as~::~?d .to talo::e some ti me to ver-i fyfr-om any SOLII'.ce (:J.f Iii s c:hoi c:e i 'f the claLlgJi.ter- was al so a hei r- toher. .father-" s !=.'st::.::~t::e. Tlia't spea~::s ,for- tIle i triage. That speal--.:s fortr,e f ai th the pOClr- WCII_tl ci i nv(:::!'I:it once they ar-e sati sf i ed aboLlt thebona f i cjes. J: t j, s a gr-ec1t heJ, p to the med i ator. The consensus ofthe di spLI.tarits does not l:l mi t t,he scope (:Jf the medi ator' s tasJ.::.He is to see 1::hat a liego1: i c\1:fo:?d se't't 1 emelit appr-o)-( i mates to anydecr-ee tli.3.t the j:lar-t i es woLll ci gE~t in a COLIr-t of law if they1 i tj, ga.t:e .for- tliei r- I~i ghts. Th,:\t af'ft")r-ds a test for- the meaSLIr-e oftlieir' r-igh.ts. They aJ~e rIot to be the loser-s for- having opted for-med i at ion. Th i s aj:.')~")r-oacl-1 WOlIl d r-edLlce ar-bi tr-ar-i ness and ensurefair- play.

r.t is .the merJia.to,"':'s r'E!spon!::iibility .t',o erlSLlre that no party feelsdone OLlt o.f eql_I,j.'ty Ol~ fair-rless 0("' jLlsi:ice as a result of thenego.tiatecl sett.lement.. Fair" play irl the sense of straight forwardjLlstice has to irlfOlr'lT1 the negotj.ations and conclLlsion of asettlement. Tile C:1~afting o.f the compromise is essentially in thehands of the med i atol~ as tile pari: i es, of ten poor and i gnor ant. do

3

r}(:)'t ~::nCJ""1 "th(;z sj.l;jrli-f:ic,,:iJ,c:e 01: sl,ades o.f meaning of the words used.S:i mpl e, st.r-i::i:i ~)I,.tforwi:\r'cl l,3rl!;juiE!g(;z I.::nown to both parti es is asafeguard agaj. ns.t a se.tt]. ement r.:r-eatj. ng fresh probl ems.Sei:t:lemer-,t is CJI,ly .thE~ t>egi"I,irig of the r-appr-ochement; it is theimplemer,.ta.tj.(:)n th,,":\t .test.s tl,e change j.n the r-elationship. Ih am(~dia'tion, I'L1body Wil'S, rioborjy loses. TI,at ma~~es implementationeasi e'~. The coml:lr-omj. s;!.'? has t:L1 br::~ so wor-ded tl,at no success isspel t CJI_I.t by ei t:l,er" P,:lr-.t: ,I. Concessi 01,5 have to appear- to bebal. anced. V,"o\guel'(i:~SS I,as to be avoi ded. Cl eal', si mpl e wor-ds haveto spell Clu.t t.I'E~ ':II:il ig,3t.ior! L1.f each pa,~ty under the settlement. Asi tuati ori wher-e orle paJ~.ty I,as per-for-med whi 1 e the other partydefaLll.ts; may', i.f pO5~:;j"tlle, b(;? c!vclided.

A woman cc:~me to the medic:~tor seel,::irlg lij,S help in recovering ahalf shal~e in cl h(:>me irl M",'\dlr'cl!:i. I-ler husbalid died possessed of it,intestate. Long years ago he as~::ed her consent to ta~::e on asecol-,d wi f(~. By therl 'tliey had ':1 daLlghter. He wanted a son andhence a secolid w:i f~? 51iE" r"ef ui=.;&;"d. I-le Wf?lit ahead wi th 'the choi ceo'f 'the bri de 'tlil:lLlgh he ~::r1ew tli.:-\t I a~'/ prohi bi ted a second marri ageI.-JithOLl't a divol~C~? ~3Ii£\? l£i!'f't t:lif? home c:~nd went to live with heraged mother-'. 1-1e li,:'td 't~'JLI c:liildreli by his "second wife" by the timehe diecj. A.f:'tF:!r- his dE?i-l'th, t.: Ii £:! "!:-:;ecorld wj,fe" and her two childrensold .:Iway 'I:h(e I'1C)Ll!Se j,l'1 Ivlc'\dJr'.:\!:;, igrlor-irlg the first wife and herdaLlgliter-'. WheJi ti-le j:>ar-t j, es negoti ated tliroLlgh the med i ator a SLImof Rs. 35(:1(:)(:>. (:1(:> I.-Jas agr"eed 'to be paid by tile "second wife" to thefir-s.t wj.fe al-lcj hel~ (:Jc:ILlghi:c-?r". '-hat was b,,'1sed on the price paid bythe pLlrchasel~ and the fact tha't the so-call ed "second wi fe" hadno ~51,ar-e, hE"I~ mc:\r"r-j,agE? bej.ng void. l-Iel'" children throLlgh him werehe:irs at :la~'/. "'he first wife was very p":\I~ticLllar aboLlt immediatepaYlTlerit to her-. '-hi s ~'"as seen 'to be I~easonabl e as the other party'had aJ,l~eacly c:(:illE!(:'te(j 'th(e f:)li'tire pl~icE" ,fr(:>m the bLlyer. A shorttj. me 1 j. 01j. 't and a defaLll t cl aLlse to treai: tile compromi se as at anen(] were fi:<e(j t)y cor1se,-,'t aft:,er rlegotiatil:>ns. No money was .paidin tj,mE'!. '-he cle.faLIJ,'t.j.ng I:> ar-'t.: y was irjformed tliat tile offer toaccept. the S.tipl_IJ.ated !:.,:;Llirl in fLlll C~Llit was terminated. Sheappear-ed ar-,cj I=lr-~?ssed the o1ediator- fol~ e:-:telision of time. There..:\SClli 'fOJ'" ,:if;:!fal_l:l't I.-Jc\!":5 rlo't t:o't.:,::\:Lly LlnCOJiVincing. Legal normsWOLII d rIot C(:>Llnt£\?rlanCE' .tlie best (:>1-: reasons as the contract wasclear" cll-l(j !:;E'lf c:ol'1ta:ir1ec:l. J:'t 1.,/,,:\':::; e:,:plained by the meaiator how ar,egoticlti:?d !:;f:!t.tll"",meni: c:arl tl('!:~ r"f?openf:?d onJ,y by negotiation and notby the media.tor on his owr1. F'arties wel~e invited to negotiateafresh orl .the C~Llest i orl o'f 'f: LII'"'ther ti me. The first wi fe wasgeliel'"OLls en(:>l"tgh to agr-'ee to a short e:,: tensi on. Money was pai d asper the r"E'vi !:5ed ti roe 1 i mi t. A r-eg j, stered sal e deed was e>:ecutedto the './elic:lee by 't,he f i roost wi fe. BIle di d !iOt i nsi st on her poun,dof flesh. I.f she r,ad treated the se.ttlement as at an end as a,r-'esLtl't of the defaLll t, of the o'ther party, she WOLll d have gone toCOLtrt for j:lal'"'t i:t ion alid mi gh't, have gai rled in terms of the val LIeof her hal f share in the hoLlse. BLlt her spi ri t of gi ve and taJ.::esLlrvived tile Jiel:;jot,j.a'tioliS and set't,J.emerl't and salvaged it too.Ther-'E~ is n(:> 'fir!ality in mE)(:j:L.:,.t~:ion!, it is said in detraction ofthe I:>rogramme. BLlt.: t.: Ii erl j:)er"SLlasj, on ai ms at change of mi nd. Whereis trle f:i n.:.il j, 'ty :i 1'1 i't ';,\ Tliere are many e:<ternal real i ti es 1 i j..~ec:ommerlt,s I:>y ot.rIE?r"'Z';:I c:\~:Ij:lrovC:'tl Dr rJisc:lppr"oval swaying the mindafter- the sett,lement. The med:iator $;h(:>Llld be prepared to takethem on wheli trle COliSG!rISLI9; is thr-eai:erled. Is aliything final in

4

hLlmc\n effort '? r't: i 5 rlcJ't: c\r!d ca/"1l"lo'l:: rJe a orle sho't acti vi ty.Mediatio/"1 is a corlotiriLtirJI:;) j::1Iroocess. "I-I,e s;lgrli'ficaJ-,ce lies in thefact that they come to 'the mecjjo ator ag~-\j, /"1 t,o I'-enegoti ate.

The sour-ce of power- c)f the mediator- is.the initial consent of thepar-ti es to avai 1 themsel ves of hj. sassi s.tance for- thei r-negot i at i rIg a SE~t t 1 emE~rl.t:. S(.,mewhey-e OIl the way the med i ator-cannot augmeJit it .to t:I-1e C:-\l_l.t.:hoy-it:y (J.f ar1 aJr.bitY-atol~ or- tr-ibLlnalto Llnilater-ally ca:tl fCII~ c:omj:llj.arIC£:'! 01-li:s:[c.18 OJ~ opposed to thesettlement. Even if ther.e hc:l.d beE~11 110 cJ.(:\I_lse st.ipLllating for- timebei ng the essence of th(~ con.tr-act (i n the di spLlte di SCLIssedabove) a medi ator- WOLll d n(j.t have had the aLlthor-i ty to call for-the acceptance of i:lie money tender-Ed beyond the date agr-eed Llpon.In medi ati on wor-ds mec\r1 wha.t they say. l.IJoy-ds r-ef 1 ect what thepar-ties negotiated .for- ar1d so legalj.stj.c teclin:Lcalities ar-e notto be impor-ted into them. The mecliatoJ~ c\t Sr-iper-LlmbLldLlr- wher-e thedi spLlte was sett]. ed pati f~nt I y lielj:led the par-to i es to f or-ge a f r-eshconsensus even after- a br-each by Olle of thelYi. Medi ator too~:: thetr-oLlble of discLlssj.r1g i:he tf:~I~ms o-f: the set.t.:lemelii:, what they meanand what they do r10.t bE~-f:OY-e .the palr.ties sigr1ecl th(~ settlement.

It is a diof-ficllli: r-olE=,Yet he t-,as to w:i n c)Yel~Oconciliation, get -themagreement and see -tc)inotimidation COlr comrJl\lsibeing donI'? all the t:ime.

1:1-lf:;:- mf~(j i a1:0".;o s t a!:; I.:: n l--Ie has 110 powers.i:he d:i~:;I:>L{1:ing par-.t.j.f:.:'S to .the c:oncept ofs.tar1:E'!!d 011 r!ego.ti a1:i ons, cl inch an

thE~ irl!p:I.E.~mer!.t:at:ior1. All l.-Jit.hoLlt threat,()I,.. D()E-!S :it ~5(:)Lllld impossibJ.e ~:' Well it is

SamoathD

THE TA~IL NADU LEGAL AID & ADVICE BDARD

ChengalpatOct., 1983

Analysis

ANALYSIS OF

SC :ST :BC :

Scheduled Class

Scheduled Tribe

Backldard Class

Farldard Class ~C49"1.

STl.O%--..FC 6 .0"1.

BC44"1.

SECONO GROUP OF 100 OISPUTES

tu Districtto Dec. 1987of Data.

INITIATORS

THE TAMIL. NADU LEGAL AID & ADVICE BOARDTiruporur ~6di8tion Centre

Chengelpattu DistrictOct., 19B3 to Dec. 19B7

Analysis of Data. !

ANALYSIS OF INITIATO~5

SC: Scheduled Class

ST: Scheduled Tribe

BC: Backward Class

FC: Farward Class

~

BC 78.95%

~

,

TK.IRO GROUP OF 10Q OISP~TES'

~~

ANALYSIS OF INITIATORS

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-THE TA1'1IL NADU LEGAL AID & ADVICE BDARD

Tiruporur Mediation CentreChengalpattu DistrictSC : Scheduled Class Oct., 1983 to Dec. 1987

ST : Scheduled Tribe Analysis of Data.BC B k d Cl SC 46. 24"t.: ac \&/ar ass ---

FC : For\&/ard Class ~_1~

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FOURTH GROUP OF 10D DISPUTES

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THE TAMIL NADU LEGAL AID & ADVICE BDARDTiruporur Mediation Centre

Chengaipattu DistrictDct.. 1983 to Dec. 1967

"Analysis 0'" Da'ta.INTAKE ANPLYSIS

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SECONO GROUP OF 100 OISPUT~S

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Chengalpattu DistrictOct.. 1983 to Dec. 1987

Analysis of Data.

INTAKE ANALYSIS

IPlPlOVABLEPROPERTY

31%

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PlOVABLEPROPERTY

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THE TAMIL NADU LEGAL AID & ADVICE 80ARDTiruporur Mediation Centre

Chengalpattu DistrictOct.. 1983 to Dec. 1987

Analysis of Data.

INTAKE ANALYSIS

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