A positively ELECTRIC play about particles who learn to work together despite

all their differences.

Narrator: Protons are positive – they have a positive charge, sunny outlook on life; protons are the nucleons that enjoy just sitting back and chillin’

Narrator: Neutrons are neutral (no charge) –these nucleons enjoy a little chilly time in the nucleus too … but, if something else interesting pops up, they make get up and move – in fact, they do!

Protons & Neutrons reside (post up; chillax) in the nucleus - they are sometimes called nucleons

(Nucleons: all hail the nucleons…we chill in the middle!!!!

The nucleus is where big boys are.)

Almost all of an atom’s mass is in its nucleus(Nucleons: all hail the nucleons…we’re massive

We stay close together – we snuggle….!)

Sooooooo…..what subatomic particles make up most of an atom’s mass???

Since protons and neutrons chillax in the nucleus AND they make up almost all of the atom’s mass…. We can calculate how many neutrons are in an

atom if we know the number of protons (or their nickname - atomic number) and the mass

M=A+NMass = at.# + N

(remember that protons = atomic #)

Watch Milli do it - now, show me you know it!In groups, work it out - be prepared teach your

classmates

8

O

Oxygen

16

So mass # = at. # + neutrons

M=A+N How many different types of elements

can we make out of our class?? PROVE IT! DO IT! SHOW ME YOU KNOW IT

Scene II

An element’s atomic # tells you how many protons it has (protons: my atomic number is like my nickname – its what my peeps call me)

A=Patomic # = # protons

If oxygen has an atomic number of 8, how many protons does it have?

Where do protons post up?

Now practice identifying atomic #s, protons (go ahead and do mass #s & names while you’re at it) Do the practice problems on 8.5A Protons Determine

Identity … in your notebook – come see me if you finish early

8

O

Oxygen

16

So… Atomic # = # protons

A=PQ: what would atoms be like if they were just

made of protons and neutrons?

Narrator: Well, all this happy go positive nucleus vibe needs to be balance out a bit…so some really, REALLY tiny, high-energy super-fast jellyfish particles are about to come flying onto the scene

(heads up electrons…)

Well, it turns out that atoms normally have an overall neutral charge – so to balance out all those positive protons, there has to be a negative electron for each positive proton What I’m saying is….

A=P=EEven though they are SO tiny it would take almost 2000 of them to equal the mass of 1 proton, their negative charge still balances out the proton’s positive charge

(electrons: super-fast jellyfish electrons get it done! We’re tiny and far out but we get it DONE SON!)

Earlier, I mentioned that Atomic # = # protons = # electrons

remember

A=P=E ????

And…. mass # = at. # + neutrons

remember M=A+NLook over your notes….

Wait….did she say APE MAN???

APE MAN??

Chemistry is so easy….an

can do it!!!!

A=P=E M=A+N

Turn to your neighbor and explain APE MAN chemistry to your neighbor then let your neighbor explain it to you

Write a summary in your notebook – something that will help you remember this!!!

Now practice applying what you know (8.5A,B Atomic Math Challenge)

Where do electrons THEY belong?

Do they make up any of the atomic mass??

So what are they good for????

According to current atomic theory, electrons reside in the electron cloud For our purposes, we can consider them to

be in orbitals or energy levels (remember Dr. Birdley’s atomic theory timeline cartoon – Bohr & Schrodinger models)

Narrator: the electron cloud is where all the action happens – chemical bonds take place because of electrons in their super-fast jellyfish electron cloud

Narrator: as it happens, not all electrons are exactly alike – some are a little more adventurous than others – introducing the valiant, adventurous valance electrons and their outstanding outer orbital powers ( you should probably write that down…valence & outer orbital)

Electrons – step up…who wants to be a valance electron – you guys will move around in the outer orbital or shell

Model ( as a group, model an atom of lithium (atomic # 3)

Valence electrons: chemical reactions???? That’s all about ME!!

Valence electrons determine an elements chemical properties, including reactivity What is reactivity??

Narrator: even though it seems like chaos, electrons somehow obey certain rules

Orbital schmorbital What is an orbital? Narrator: its like a shell, kind of like the

chocolate coating on a milky way bar or the egg shell around an egg…

Electron rules – filling orbitals Must fill inner orbitals first 1st orbital – 2 electrons All other orbitals – 8 electrons

Lets practice making some atom models – using your classmates

Do you see how this relates to our warm-up??

Now practice sorting electrons and those valiant, adventurous valance electrons into their outstanding outer orbitals

You will need a dry erase board, pen & wipey thingy

Electron rules Lets make a bohr model together

Fill inner orbitals first

Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8

2

He4.0

Helium

Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model

Fill inner orbitals first

Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others – 8

4

Be9.0

Beryllium

Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model

Fill inner orbitals first

Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8

6

C12.0

Carbon

Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model

Fill inner orbitals first

Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8

10

Ne20.2Neon

Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model

Fill inner orbitals first

Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8

11

Na23

Sodium

Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model

Fill inner orbitals first

Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8

13

Al27

Aluminum

Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model

Fill inner orbitals first

Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8

17

Cl35.5

Chlorine

Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model

Fill inner orbitals first

Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8

18

Argon40

Argon

A special thanks to all those who made this production possible.I’d especially like to thank the little people, the ones who REALLY

make things shake - yes, valence electrons, I’m talking to YOU!Without you little guys, well..who knows?