a planning approach for fast changing “socio-political” environment: a case of delhi master plan...

A PLANNING APPROACH FOR FAST CHANGING “SOCIO-POLITICAL” ENVIRONMENT: A CASE OF

DELHI MASTER PLAN

P. S. Uttarwar, Delhi Development Authority, India

New Delhi / India16.75 Million

1,483 Sq.Km.Type:Theory

AIM OF RESEARCH• Urbanization in India is a challenge,

as well as an opportunity.

• A challenge because of it’s rapid growth rate, which generally outpaces growth of infrastructure.

• An opportunity, as it offers better economic avenues. The urban population of India is growing at a faster rate than the growth rate of total population of India.

FOCUS• Focus of planning shifted from ‘the

principle of controlled development of land’ to ‘the principle of demand and supply’ of open economy.

• Due to this paradigm shift, traditional planning needs to readjust its planning tools like master plan and zonal plans, in such a way that it recognizes ground realities and it is also acceptable to the people.

STUDY• Planning policies and strategies implemented through master plan document of Delhi.

• Procedure based Planning Initiated in MPD, 2021.

Uttarwar P. S. Fast changing Socio-Political environment 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012

LOCATION

Total area of National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCTD) is 1485 square km and total population is 16.75 million with 97.5 per cent population living in urban areas. The decadal growth rate is 21.6% (2001-11).


INTRODUCTION

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• Stood test of time despite criticism, severe limitations and show pace of implementation.

Master Plan as planning instrument

• Bring reforms, flexibility and set of implementable goals for urban planning process, with some innovative ideas and shift from “ a standard based planning’ to ‘Procedure based planning’ which integrates local issues like land ownership, socio-economic status and contribute to bottom-up approach to land use planning at zonal and master plan level.

Master plan as a document


MASTER PLAN FOR DELHI - 1962

• The first step towards modern planning in India for integrated development of Delhi.

• Formulated as per the provisions of Delhi Development Act, 1957.

• Promulgated on 1st September, 1962.

• Large scale land acquistion, development and disposal policy.


MASTER PLAN FOR DELHI - 2001

Projected population - 128 lakh.

• Urbanization of further 18000 – 24000 ha. To accommodate additional population.

• Effective development of ncr to contain rapid population growth

• The holding capacity increased through the process of low rise high density development.

• Selective densification of urban areas except lutyens bungalow zone

• The inner city (walled city & its extension and karol bagh) designated as special area.

• Mass transport system to be multi modal.

MPD - 2OO1 PROMULGATED ON 1st AUGUST, 1990.


7

NEW APPROACH – PROCEDURE BASED PLANNING

Provide local planners with decision-making tools for

maximizing the potential of zonal development plan and master plan support (geo data, financial, organizational, etc.),

checking the relevance of zonal and city level plans to local communities and

reducing land use planning conflicts

Assure the feasibility of proposed local interventions bytaking into account zonal development plan & master plan objectives and constraints (biophysical, socio-economical) as well as

local knowledge, incentives and values

Ascertain the representation of the important local planning issues at

Zonal Development Plan and Master Plan level


A critical reform has been envisaged in the prevailing land policy and facilitating public private partnerships. MPD 2021 has included following as essential for land policy for future policy formulation:

• Review of the scheme of large scale development and acquisition and its relevance in the present context;

• Alternative options for development of areas identified for urbanization in MPD 2021;

• Evolving a system under which planning for, and provision of basic infrastructure could take place simultaneously; and

• Involving the private sector in the assembly and development of land and provision of infrastructure services.

PROCEDURE BASED PLANNING FOR CRITICAL AREAS


• In 2021, about 978 sq km of total Urbanisable area will be available for accommodating about 230 lakh population in Delhi.

• Area under existing rural use with 2.9 million population to be gradually absorbed in balanced city development. Remaining 4.88 million to be accommodated in urban extension.

• Total area of NCTD except ridge, river Yamuna and proposed green belt is envisaged as urban.

• Land assembly techniques involving public, private sectors and compulsory land acquisition.

• Due to limitation of land, redevelopment will have to be major element of city development :

• Planned areaso Influence zone along MRTS and major transport o Corridoro Underutilized/low-density areas.o Others developed areaso Special area

•Unplanned areaso Villageso Unauthorized colonieso JJ clusters

DELHI URBAN AREA - 2021


• Local Area Planso To absorb ground realities and formulate enforceable building bye laws, it will be necessary to focus

on much smaller areas with more or less similar character and concerns.

• Regularization of Unauthorized Colonieso For proper improvement of physical and social infrastructure, minimum necessary physical level of

services and common facilities are to be provided.

• Special Area Planso On the basis of similarities in compact built form, narrow circulation space and low rise high density

developments, mainly accommodating residential, commercial both retail or wholesale and industrial uses.

• Villageso Comprehensive Schemes for the development of villages are to be prepared by the concerned local

bodies with the aim of provision of optimal facilities and services within the abadis and integration with the surrounding areas.

• Mix useo Mix use has emerged as a major provision of MPD, 2021 due to emerging needs and requirement of

people.

• Spot Zoningo In April 2008, the Authority approved a policy for Spot Zoning of pre existing cultural, religious

(including spiritual) health care and educational institutions.

PROCEDURE BASED PLANNING IN MPD, 2021


ZONES A – H 11.4

MILLIONS

NARELA 1.22 MILLIONS

ROHINI III/IV/V 0.98 MILLIONS

DWARKA 1.7

MILLIONSURBAN EXTENSIONS

7.7 MILLIONS

URBAN EXTENSIONS

LAND UPTO THE DEPTH OF ONE PERIPHERAL REVENUE VILLAGE BOUNDARY ALONG THE BORDER OF NCTD, WHEREVER AVAILABLE, WOULD BE MAINTAINED AS GREEN BELT. RIDGE / REGIONAL

PARK

RIVER YAMUNA ZONE - O

23.01,48,300GRAND TOTAL

7.766,309URBAN EXTENSION

(J, K-I, L, N, P-II)

15.381,991SUB TOTAL

NIL8,070RIVER YAMUNA (O)

3.921,347PROJECT (K-II, M,

P-I)

11.452,574A TO H

POPULATION-2021

(IN MILLION)

AREA (HA.)

ZONE

ZONE - J

ZONE - L

ZONE – K-I

ZONE – N

ZONE – P-II


West Punjabi Bagh

Tagore Garden

Tin Murti

Sansad Bhavan

Defence Colony

NathunagarNathunagarNathunagar

TRANS YAMUNA AREA

FARIDABAD

NOIDA

ROHINI SUB CITY

DWARKA SUB CITY

MRTS INFLUENCE ZONE GUIDELINES FOR REDEVELOPMENT :

• Influence zone-maximum upto 500 m. On both sides of the mrts route.

• Approval of schemes only after commencement of execution of the respective phase of mrts.

• Special provisions for following areas:

• Lutyens’ bungalow zone, chanakya puri, diz area, mata sundari area.

• Civil lines bungalow area. • Monument regulated zone (as per asi

guidelines)

• Maximum far and height upto 1.5 times of the permissible far on the respective use premises.

• In urban extension areas land uses to be integrated with the proposed movement corridors at planning stage.

CITY RESTRUCTREING ALONG MRTS ROUTE

ROHINI

DWARKA VASANT KUNJ

DILSHAD GARDENKASHMIRI

GATEI

C.P.

NANGLOI

NOIDA.

GURGAON


INTEGRATION OF ROHINI PHASE IV / V WITH MRTS STATIONS AT PLANNING STAGE

TO INTEGRATE NARELA SUB CITY, BAWANA INDUSTRIAL AREA & PROPOSED URBAN EXTN.

ROHINI PHASE I / II

RO

HIN

I PH

AS

E IV

/ V

NARELA BAWANA INDUSTRIAL AREA

MRTS CORRIDOR

PR

OP

OS

ED

MR

TS

CO

RR

IDO

R

INTEGRATION OF TWIN DISTRICT CENTRES & AMUSEMENT PARK WITH MRTS STATIONS AT PLANNING STAGE

CITY RESTRUCTREING ALONG MRTS ROUTE

COMMERCIAL

MRTS STATIONINTEGRATEDWITH ADJOINING AREAS

INSTITUTIONAL

UTILITIES

INSTITUTIONAL

RECREATION


CONCEPTUAL MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT

REDEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL ALONG KASHMERE GATE – TIS HAZARI – PUL BANGASH METRO RAIL CORRIDOR

STUDY UNDERTAKEN JOINTLY BY DDA & DMRC

ZONE OF INFLUENCE


AN INTEGRATED PLAN INCORPORATING URBAN DESIGN, LANDSCAPE, TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION SCHEMES, SAFE PEDESTRIAN WALKWAYS, PARKING AREAS, RECREATIONAL AND CULTURAL AREAS ETC. IS TO BE PREPARED FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT.

SHAHJAHANABAD

CONNAUGHT PLACE & EXTENSIONS

WALLED CITY & EXTENSIONS

MANDI HOUSE

PRAGATI MAIDAN

GOLE MARKET

CONNAUGHT PLACE

INDRAPRASTHA ESTATE

CHANDANI CHOWK

UNIVERSITY- C. SEC. MRTS ROUTE

DWARKA – TYA MRTS ROUTE

RIVER FRONT DEVELOPMENT

METROPOLITAN CITY CENTRE

TO BE TREATED CAREFULLY AND SENSITIVELY IN VIEW OF THEIR HIGH DENSITY AND MULTIPLE USES. THE AIM IS TO REVITALIZE THE GLORY OF WALLED CITY AND ITS ECONOMIC & TOURISM POTENTIAL. 00

RED FORT


CONCLUSION

Landuse Plan of Urban Agglomerations - Delhi & Central National Capital Region

• For the purpose of planning National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCTD) with an area of 1485 sq.km. and population of 17 million people forms a hub for entire “Central National Capital Region” comprising of an area of 2000 sq.km. of neighboring cities of Gurgaon, Faridabad & Sonepat in the State of Haryana and Ghaziabad, Noida, Greater Noida in the State of Uttar Pradesh is entire urban agglomeration forms an area of 3500 sq.km. and approx. population of 28 million people.

• With such a wide variety and diversity in Municipal administration, State Government policies and Interstate issues, a keyword for survival of planning is flexibility within the framework of Master plans of respective cities with Procedure based Planning for critical areas of “Socio-Political” environment .


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