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Environmental Impact Assessment Report For Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali & Greator Kali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd, Cauvery Basin, ONGC 11 th Floor, East Wing, CMDA Tower-1,No-1, Gandhi-Irwin Road, Egmore, Chennai-600 008, Tamil Nadu A-PDF Merger DEMO : Purchase from www.A-PDF.com to remove the watermark

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Environmental Impact Assessment Report

For

Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali & Greator Kali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in

Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd, Cauvery Basin, ONGC 11th Floor, East Wing, CMDA Tower-1,No-1, Gandhi-Irwin Road,

Egmore, Chennai-600 008, Tamil Nadu

A-PDF Merger DEMO : Purchase from www.A-PDF.com to remove the watermark

Environmental Impact Assessment Report for

Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali & Greator Kali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML

in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Project Leader & QCI Accredited EIA Coordinator

Dr. J.S.Sharma

General Manager(Chem), Head Environment Corporate HSE, Delhi

Project Team

C. Ravi kumar Deputy General Manager (Civil)

HSE, Cauvery Basin

S.K.Lijhara Chief Chemist

Corporate HSE, Delhi

2015

Corporate Health Safety and Environment,

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd.

(A Govt. of India Enterprise),

8th Floor, Scope Minar, South Tower, Laxmi Nagar, Delhi-110092

Team from Project Proponent

EIA Sector Number as per

NABET 2

Name of Sector

Offshore & On land oil & gas exploration, development &

production

EIA Coordinator

Name Dr. J.S.Sharma

Signature & Date

Period of Involvement November ’2013 onwards

Contact Information ONGC, CHSE, SCOPE Minar, 8th Floor, Laxmi Nagar, New Delhi. Mobile:9868282230

Functional Area Experts

Sl.No. Name Functional Area

1. Dr. J.S.Sharma i. Air Pollution Control ii. Water Pollution iii. Solid and Hazardous Waste iv. Air Quality Modelling

2. Dr. ArchanaYadav Ecology and biodiversity

3. Vineeta Kumari Sattawan Ecology and biodiversity as Associate

4. Ram Raj Dwivedi Soil Conservation

5. S.K. Lijhara Soil Conservation

6. Devendra Kumar Trivedi Noise and Vibration

7. Lohitesh M D i. Air quality modelling ii. Air Pollution Control iii. Noise/Vibration

8. Sushanta Kumar Mohapatra Socio-Economy

9. Nilay Meshram i. Solid and Hazardous Waste ii. Land Use

10. B.C.Kapale Land Use

11. Vineeta Mehata Pandit Land Use

12. Hemendra Jagdish Godbole i. Water Pollution Control ii. Solid and Hazardous Waste

13. Ravi Mishra i. Hydrology and Ground Water ii. Geology

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali & Greator Kali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvangiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvangiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Completion of this Environmental Impact Report was possible with the constant,

guidance and support of Shri M.C. Das – ED –Chief HSE, ONGC and Dr. J.S.

Sharma, GM-Head Environment, ONGC, Delhi.

Team CHSE/Basin HSE is gratefully acknowledges the encouragement and

guidance given by Sh. R.K.Khanna, ED Basin Manager, Cauvery Basin, Chennai

and valuable inputs provided by Shri M. Ayyadurai, GGM-Block Manager, Cauvery

Basin and Sh. S. Velu -GM(C&M) I/c HSE, Cauvery basin.

Shri S.K. Lijhara, CC, CHSE, and all QCI Accredited Functional Area Experts (FAE)

are also acknowledged for their valuable and meaningful contribution in finalising the

report.

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

List of Contents

PART A ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

PART 1

Description Page No.

Executive Summary ES 1- ES 19

TOR( Terms of References) T 1 – T 4

TOR Compliance TC 1 – TC 4

S. No Description Page No.

PART 2

1.0 Introduction 1 - 1

1.1 Purpose of the Report 1 - 1

1.1.1 Brief History of the Project 1 - 1

1.1.2 Details of the Project Proponent 1 - 2

1.1.3 Address of the Project Proponent 1 - 6

1.2 Brief Description of the Project 1 - 6

1.3 Estimated Expenditure for Environment Protection of the

Project

1 - 6

2.0 Project Description 2 - 1

2.1 Project Benefits 2 - 1

2.1.1 Employment Potential 2 – 1

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

S. No Description Page No.

2.1.2 Improvement in the Future Economy 2 - 2

2.2 Stages of Exploration 2 - 2

2.3 Geological Setting of the Block 2 - 5

2.4 Technical Justification for the Locations 2 - 8

3.0 DrillingTechnology 3 - 1

3.1 Drilling Operations 3 - 1

3.2 Electro Logging 3 – 5

3.2.1 Types of Logs 3 - 6

3.3 General Requirements of Drilling 3 - 11

3.3.1 Drilling Muds 3 -11

3.3.2 Power Generation 3 - 12

3.3.3 Water Requirement 3 - 13

3.3.4 Domestic Waste Water 3 – 13

3.3.5 Solids Removal 3 - 13

3.3.6 Drill Cuttings and Waste Residual Muds 3 -15

3.3.7 Testing 3 - 16

3.3.8 Chemical Storage 3 - 16

3.3.9 Manpower 3 – 17

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

S. No Description Page No.

3.3.10 Logistics 3 - 17

4.0 Description of Environment 4 - 1

4.1 Introduction 4 – 1

4.2 Sampling Locations 4 – 9

4.3 Meteorological Conditions 4 – 22

4.3.1 Meteorological Conditions at Study Area 4 - 29

4.4 Air Environment 4 – 61

4.5 Water Environment 4 – 74

4.6 Noise Environment 4 – 99

4.7 Land Environment 4 – 110

4.7.1 Thanjavur 4 - 110

4.7.2 Nagapattinam 4 – 113

4.7.3 Tiruvarur 4 - 116

4.7.4 Ariyalur 4 – 118

4.7.5 Cuddalore 4 - 120

4.7.6 Land Utilisation in Study Area 4 – 122

4.8 Soil Environment 4–161

4.8.1 Thanjavur 4 -161

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

S. No Description Page No.

4.8.2 Nagapattinam 4 - 162

4.8.3 Tiruvarur 4 - 162

4.8.4 Ariyalur 4- 163

4.8.5 Cuddalore 4- 164

4.8.6 Soil Sample Analysis 4 - 165

4.9 Biological Environment 4 – 171

4.9.1 Vegetation of the Area 4 – 171

4.9.2 Biodiversity of the Study Area 4 - 173

4.9.2.1 Floral Analysis 4 - 173

4.9.2.2 Faunal Analysis 4 – 208

4.9.2.3 Shannon Diversity Index 4 - 235

4.10 Demographic and Socio Economic Environment 4 – 237

4.10.1.1 Thanjavur 4- 237

4.10.2 Nagapattinam 4 - 243

4.10.3 Tiruvarur 4 – 249

4.10.4 Ariyalur 4 – 256

4.10.5 Cuddalore 4 – 261

4.10.6 Socio Economic Environment 4 - 299

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

S. No Description Page No.

5.0 Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures 5 - 1

5.1 Key Potential Impacts of the Exploration Activities 5 - 1

5.2 Potential impact on Air Quality 5 – 2

5.2.1 Emissions from DG sets 5 - 2

5.2.2 Fugitive Emissions 5 - 4

5.2.3 Emissions from Heavy vehicles & Equipment 5 - 5

5.2.4 Mitigation Measures 5 - 5

5.3 Potential impact on Water Quality 5 - 5

5.3.1 Mitigation Measures 5 - 6

5.4 Potential impact on Ground Water Quality 5 – 6

5.4.1 Mitigation Measures 5 – 6

5.5 Potential impact on Noise Levels 5 - 6

5.5.1 Mitigation Measures 5–7

5.6 Potential impact on Land Environment 5 - 7

5.6.1 Mitigation Measures 5 - 7

5.7 Potential impact on Soil Quality 5 – 7

5.7.1 Contamination of Soil 5 - 7

5.7.2 Mitigation Measures 5 - 8

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

S. No Description Page No.

5.8 Potential impact on Biological Environment 5 - 8

5.9 Potential impact on Socio Economic Environment 5 - 9

6.0 Environment Management Plan 6 - 1

6.1 Site Preparation 6 – 1

6.2 Rig Transportation 6 – 2

6.3 Decommissioning and Restoration of Site 6 – 3

6.4 Air Environment 6 – 4

6.5 Water Environment 6 - 4

6.5.1 Water Requirements 6 – 4

6.5.2 Waste Water generation and Disposal 6 - 4

6.6 Noise Environment 6 – 7

6.7 Land Environment 6 – 7

6.8 Material Handling 6 - 7

6.9 Waste Management 6 – 8

6.10 Biological Environment 6 - 9

6.11 Socio Economic Environment 6 - 9

6.12 Occupational Health Surveillance Program 6 - 10

6.13 Environmental Monitoring Program for Exploratory Drilling 6 - 13

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

S. No Description Page No.

PART 3

7.0 Analysis of Alternatives 7 - 1

7.1 Directional Drilling 7 - 1

7.1.1 Applications of Directional Drilling 7 - 1

7.2 Air Drilling 7 - 4

7.3 Foam Drilling 7 - 5

7.4 Horizontal Drilling 7 - 5

8.0 Project Benefits 8 - 1

8.1 Employment Potential 8 - 1

8.2 Reserve accretion 8 - 1

8.3 Economic Impact 8 - 1

List of Annexures

S. No Description

1 Annexure I - Waste Management Association Memberships

2 Annexure II - HSE Policies of ONGC

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

List of Tables

Table. No Description Page No.

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.3.1 Estimated Environmental expenditures 1 – 7

Chapter 2 Project Description

2.2.1 Stages of Exploration 2 – 2

2.4.1 Details of Tentative Locations 2 – 14

Chapter -3 DrillingTechnology

3.3.1.1 Special Additives for Drilling Mud and their Functions 3 - 12

Chapter- 4Description of Environment

4.1.1 Tentative Co-ordinates of Proposed exploratory Locations 4 – 5

4.1.2 Villages in a radius of 10 Km of the Proposed Locations 4 – 9

4.2.1 Sampling Locations 4 - 11

4.3.1.1 – 4.3.1.24

Meteorological Measurements 4 – 31 –

4 - 54

4.4.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Data Study area 4 – 62

4.4.2 – 4.4.10

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Data 4 – 63 –

4 - 71

4.4.11 National Ambient Air Quality Standards 4 – 72

4.5.1 Water Analysis Results 4 – 76

4.5.2 – 4.5.22

Ground Water & Surface Water Analysis Results 4 – 77 –

4 - 93

4.6.1 Noise level Measurements 4 –99

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Table. No Description Page No.

4.6.2 –

4. 6.11

Noise Level Measurements 4 – 100 –

4 - 109

4.7.1.1 Administrative Divisions of Thanjavur District 4 – 111

4.7.1.2 Land Use Classification of Thanjavur District 4 – 112

4.7.2.1 Administrative Divisions of Nagapattinam District 4 – 114

4.7.2.2 Land Use Classification of Nagapattinam District 4 – 114

4.7.3.1 Administrative Divisions of Tiruvarur District 4 – 116

4.7.3.2 Land Use Classification of Tiruvarur District 4 – 117

4.7.4.1 Administrative Divisions of AriaylurDistrict 4 – 118

4.7.4.2 Land Use Classification of Ariyalur District 4 – 119

4.7.5.1 Administrative Divisions of Cuddalore District 4 – 120

4.7.5.2 Land Use Classification of Cuddalore District 4 – 121

4.8.6.1 –

4.8.6.5

Soil Sample Analysis Results 4 – 166 –

4 - 170

4.10.1.1.1 Population profile of Study Area 4 – 238

4.10.1.5.1 Work Force Details in the Study Area 4 – 241

4.10.2.1.1 Population profile of Study Area 4 – 244

4.10.2.5.1 Work Force Details in the Study Area 4 – 247

4.10.3.1.1 Population profile of Study Area 4 – 250

4.10.3.5.1 Work Force Details in the Study Area 4 – 254

4.10.4.1.1 Population profile of Study Area 4 – 256

4.10.4.5.1 Work Force Details in the Study Area 4 – 260

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Table. No Description Page No.

4.10.5.1.1 Population profile of Study Area 4 –262

4.10.5.5.1 Work Force Details in the Study Area 4 – 265

4.10.1.5.2 – 4.10.5.5.9

Demographic Data 4 – 268 –

4 - 298

Chapter 5: Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures

5.1.1 Key Potential Impacts of Exploration Activity 5 - 2

Chapter 6 Environment Management Plan

6.13.1 EMP for Exploratory drilling Locations 6 – 16

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure. No. Description Page No.

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1.2.1 ONGC’s share of Exploration Area and Production Contribution 1 – 4

1.1.2.2 Setup of ONGC 1 – 6

Chapter 2 Project Description

2.2.1 Location map of PEL Block LII 2 – 3

2.2.2 Map of PEL Block LII 2 – 4

2.2.3 Proposed Tentative Locations 2 – 5

2.4.1 Map Indicating the Tentative Locations 2 – 15

Chapter -3 DrillingTechnology

3.1 Typical drilling Rig 3 – 1

3.2 Typical Kelly Bushing 3 – 1

3.1.1 Drill Bit\s 3 – 2

3.1.2 Drill sting Stack 3 – 2

3.1.3 Mud Pumps 3 – 3

3.1.4 Mud Flow Diagram 3- 3

3.1.5 Layout of Mud Pump and Flow Lines 3 – 4

3.2.1 Logging Unit 3 – 5

3.2.1.1 Schematic Diagram of Acoustic Logging Tool 3 – 8

3.2.1.2 Typical Resistivity Log 3 – 9

3.2.1.3 Spontaneous Potential Log 3 – 10

3.3.2.1 Typical Power Generator set 3 – 13

3.3.3.1 Water Balance Diagram for Exploratory Drilling Operations 3 – 14

3.3.5.1 Typical Solid Removal equipment 3 – 15

3.3.6.1 HDPE Lined Waste Pit 3 – 15

3.3.7.1 Surface Control Equipment 3 – 16

3.3.10.1 Transport of Material and Equipment 3 – 17

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

3.3 Typical Process Flow Diagram/Drilling Rig 3 – 18

3.4 Typical Drill Site Layout Plan 3 – 19

3.5 Typical Land Rig 3 – 20

Chapter- 4 Description of Environment

4.1.1 Environmental Impacts due to Exploratory Drilling 4– 2

4.2.1 Sampling Locations 4 - 12

4.2.2 – 4.2.10

Base map of Well NL – 1 to NL-35 4 – 13 –

4 - 21

4.3.1.2- 4.3.1.6

Wind Rose Diagrams 4 – 55 – 4- 60

4.7.6.1 Land Utilisation Pattern in Study Area 4 - 125

4.7.6.2 – 4.7.6.36

Land Utilisation Pattern around

Proposed Location NL -1 – NL-35

4 – 126 –

4- 160

4.8.1.1 Soil Profile Thanjavur District 4 – 161

4.8.2.1 Soil Profile Nagapattinam District 4 – 162

4.8.3.1 Soil Profile Tiruvarur District 4 -163

4.8.4.1 Soil profile Ariyalur District 4 -1 64

4.8.5.1 Soil Profile Cuddalore District 4- 165

4.10.1.2.1 -4.10.5.5.4

Analytical Figures of demographic Data 4 – 238

4 - 267

Chapter 5: Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures

5.1 Schematic Representation of Project- Environmental Interaction 5 - 1

Chapter 6 Environment Management Plan

6.5.1.1 Water Balance Diagram 6 – 5

6.5.2.1 HDPE Lined Waste Pit 6 – 6

6.5.2.2 Details of Septic Tank 6 – 6

Chapter 7: Analysis of Alternatives

7.1.1 Relief Wells 7 – 1

7.1.2 Controlling the Vertical Wells 7 – 2

7.1.3 Side Tracking 7 – 2

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

7.1.4 Inaccessible Locations 7 – 3

7.1.5 Fault Drilling 7 – 3

7.1.6 Salt Dome Drilling 7 – 4

7.1.7 Shore Line Drilling 7 – 4

7.4.1 Horizontal Drilling techniques 7 - 5

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

ABBREVIATIONS

AAQM Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

ACM Asbestos Contaminated Material

BCA Benefit Cost Analysis

BHEL Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd

BLEVE Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion

BMT Billion Metric Tonnes

BOD Biological Oxygen Demand

BOP Blow out Preventor

BS Bharat Stage

CBA Cost Benefit Analysis

COD Chemical Oxygen Demand

CPCB Central Pollution Control Board

DC Drill Cuttings

DF Drilling Fluids

DG Diesel Generator

DMP Disaster Management Plan

DSA Drill Site Accommodation

EAC Expert Appraisal Committee

EIA Environment Impact Assessment

EMP Environmental Management Plan

ETP Effluent Treatment Plant

GLC Ground Level Concentrations

GPM Gallons per minute

GSR General statutory rules

H2S Hydrogen Sulfide

HAZOP Hazard and Operability Study

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

HCM Hydro Carbon Methane

HDPE High Density Polyethylene

HSD High Speed Diesel

HWMH Hazardous Waste Management & Handling

IMD Indian Meteorological Department

IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature

KLD Kilo Litre Per Day

KVA Kilo Volt Ampere

MCA Maximum Credible Accident Analysis

MMT Million Metric Tonnes

MoEF Ministry of Environment & Forests

MVA Motor Vehicle Act

MVA Motor Vehicle Act

MVR Motor Vehicle Rules

MWP Minimum Work Programme

NAAQs National Ambient Air Quality Standards

NELP New Exploration Licensing Policy

NEP National Environment Policy

NIHL Noise Induced Hearing Loss

NOX Oxides of Nitrogen

OBM Oil Based Mud

OEG Oil Equivalent Gas

OH&S Occupational Health & safety

OHSAS Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series

ONGC Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Ltd.

PEL Petroleum Exploration License

PM Particulate Matter

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

PUCC Pollution Under Control Certificate

RCC Reinforced Cement Concrete

SEIAA State Environment Impact Assessment Authority

SO2 Sulfur Dioxide

SPCB State Pollution Control Board

SROI Social Return on Investment

USEPA United State Environmental Protection Agency

VOC Volatile Organic Components

WBM Water Based Mud

WMP Waste Management Plan

WPA Wildlife Protection Act

__________________________________________________________________________________

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Executive Summary

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-1

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Executive Summary

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) is a Mahanavaratna company public

sector petroleum company in India. It is a Fortune Global 500 company with a ranking

of 271, and contributes 77% of India's crude oil production and 48% of India's natural

gas production. ONGC ranks171st position in Forbes Global 2000 list and 21st in

global players in oil and gas operations industry, and is also 39th among 105

global corporations by ‘Transparency International’ for ethical and transparent

business practices. ONGC has the highest share of Hydrocarbon acreage in India.

ONGC discovered 6 of the 7 domestic producing basins. All crudes are sweet and

major portion being light. Domestic reserve replenishment ratio is more than one.

ONGC accounts for 73% of crude reserves of the country. ONGC holds 52% PEL area

and 67% ML area.73% of crude reserves in the country is due to Exploratory efforts of

ONGC.

The block covers areas in Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Cuddalore, Ariyalur and Tiruvarur

districts. The proposed locations are distributed as under

S.No District No. of Locations

Proposed

1 Cuddalore 14

2 Nagapattinam 9

3 Ariyalur 6

4 Thanjavur 5

5 Tiruvarur 1

Necessity of the Proposed Project

As the Indian economy is growing at the rate of 6-7% the demand for petroleum

products is increasing rapidly. Hence there is an urgent need to boost up the

exploration efforts needed to increase the production and subsequently reduce the

import of Petroleum from Gulf countries.

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-2

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Tentative Location of Wells

Name of location

Type / Cat.

TD (M)

Latitude Longitude Objective Accessibility

WGS 84

NL-1/ NL-A

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 24’

6.5059” 79

0 28’

56.065” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take SH 141 from Viruddhacahalam. Take SH at KaruveppilaiKurichi. Take road towards Srimushnam. Take Road towards Kanur.Around 1.6 km after Kanur

NL-2/ NL-B

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 26’

20.8921” 79

0 35’

31.5004” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take road to Keerapalayam from Bhuvanagiri. Take road to Kiliyanur. Around 1.6 Km from Kiliyanur

NL-3/NL-C

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 27’

41.5425” 79

0 31’

21.3773” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take SH70 from Bhuvanagiri towards Viruddhachalam.Cross NH45 and proceed towrdsErambur. Around 400 m from Erambur

NL-4/NL-D

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 26’

46.4943” 79

0 37’

45.8105” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take SH70 from Bhuvanagiri towards Viruddhachalam.TakeKrishnapuram Road till manaveli. Around 300 m from road junction near Manaveli. Around 300 m from Budarayanpettai.

NL-5/NL-E

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 26’

27.4728” 79

0 36’

30.5825” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take SH70 from Bhuvanagiri towards Viruddhachalam. Around 6 Km from Bhuvanagiri.

NL-6/NL-F

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 19’

42.7862” 79

0 37’

30.5825” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take NH227 (Chidambaram-Kattumannarkoil road) from Chidambaram.AtThavaratahmpattu take road towards Meiyathur. Around 1 km from junction of NH227 and Meyiathurraod

NL-7/NL-G

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 19’

57.8776” 79

0 35’

0.7478” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take Chidambaram-T.Nedunjery-Kattumannarkoil road from Chidambaram.Take road towards Neyvasal before Nedunjery. Around 0.5 km from Neyvasal

NL-8/NL-H

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 21’

38.7996” 79

0 33’

25.6492” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take Chidambaram-T.Nedunjery-Kattumannarkoil road from Chidambaram.Take road towards Poorthangudi after crossing Nedunjery. Around 0.3 km from Poorthangudi

NL-9/NL-I

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 21’

37.4402” 79

0 29’

25.1241” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take SH 141 from Viruddhacahalam. Take SH at KaruveppilaiKurichi. Take road towards Srimushnam till Palayamkottai. Around 1.2 Km from Palayamkkottai junction and 0.2 Km from Vadakkupalayam

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-3

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

NL-10/ NL-J

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 19’

38.4804”

790 26’

52.3930”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Panruti take road towards Sethiatope. From Sethiathope take Kanur Road. After Mamangalam take Andimadam-Kaduvettiroad.Approx 1.38 Km from Kovilvazhakai and 1.65 km from Periakrishanpuram.

NL-11/ NL -K

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 18’

11.2538”

790 22’

58.0456”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Andimadam take road towards Kuvathur.Around 3.6 Km from Andimadam and 1.3 km from Kuvathur north and 0.9 km from agnispuram

NL – 12/ NL-L

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 13’

50.5312”

790 22’

22.4800”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Jayamkondam take road towards Andimadam.Around 0.5 Km from Keelakudiyuruppu and 0.3 Km from road.

NL-13/ NL-M

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 13’

46.8032”

790 20’

30.6406”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From jayamkondam take road towards Sirukalathur. And take Devanur road on the way.Around 0.4 km from the junction

NL – 14/ NL -N

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 11’

47.7021”

790 20’

09.2642”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Jayankondam take road towardsUdyarpalayam. On the way take road towards Sooryamanal.Around 0.75 Km from the junction and 0.2 km from Suryamanal

NL-15/ NL-O

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 7’

5.0976”

790 41’

43.129”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Myladurai take road to Senthangudi

till Mannampandal. Around 750 m from

Mannampandal

NL-16/ NL-P

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 7’

48.3118”

790 36’

10.8864”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Myaldurai take road towards

Neivasal. After Neivasal take road towards

Pandur. Around 0.5 km from Pandur and

0.75 Km from Maharajapuram

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-4

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

NL-17/ NL-Q

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 5’ 44.8366”

790 26’ 13.2032”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take NH45 from Kumbakonam towards Kanjankollai.AfterNendunkollai take road towards Kadamanguid till Paravanur. Around 0.65 Km from Paravanur.

NL-18/ NL-R

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 3’ 31.451”

790 29’ 30.7667”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Kumbakonam take Poompuhar road till Tirumangalakudi. Take Aduthurai to Tiruppananthal road to Toruuppananthal. AtfterEdayanallur take road towards Sooriyamoolai. Around 0.9 Km from Sooriyamoolai.

NL-19/ NL-S

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 5’ 7.3119”

790 30’ 43.7641”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Kumbakonam take Poompuhar road till Tirumangalakudi. After Tirumangalakuid take Kathiramangalam – Panthanellur road. Around 2 Km from Kathiramangalam junction and 0.4 Km from Mullukudi

NL-20/ NL- T

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 4’

2.5816”

790 35’

8.978”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Myaldurai take road towards

Kumbakonam via Kuttalam. After

Katuvulavu take road towards Komal.

Around 1.5 km from Arayapuram

NL- 21/ NL-U

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 6’

59.0362”

790 36’

34.8969”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Myaldurai take road towards

Neivasal. Take road towards

Pandaravadaimappadugai. Around 1.1 km

from Pandaravadaimappadugai and 0.75

Km from Ponnur

NL-22/ NL-V

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 6’

22.252”

790 38’

47.7521”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From MyladuraiTake Myladurai -

AnathandavapuramRaod. around 700 m

from junction of Sethangudi road.

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-5

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

NL-23/ NL-W

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 3’

0.3688”

790 37’

30.5825”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Tarangambadi take Porayar road till

Thirukkalacheri. From there take

Thirukkalacheri Road till Kothangudi. Take

road towards Echangudi . Around 0.4 Km

from Ecahngudi and 1.2 km from

Narsinganatham

NL-24/ NL-X

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 10

0 59’

16.9822”

790 37’

50.3557

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Myladurai take road to Tiruvarur till

Kollumangudi. Take Kumbakonam-Karaikal

road towards Kumbakonam. Take road

towards Elumagalur.Around 750 m from

A.Kilyianoor

NL-25/ NL-Y

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 10

0 59’

53.0568”

790 40’

24.4117”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Myladurai take road to Tiruvarur.

Around 1.7 Km from Thevoor Road

Junction and 1.2 Km from Keeranoor.

NL-26/ NL-Z

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 4’ 55.5905”

790 29’ 53.6331”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Kumbakonam take Poompuhar road till Tirumangalakudi. Take Aduthurai to Tiruppananthal road to Toruuppananthal. AtfterMuttukudi take road towards Tiruloki. Around 0.75 Km from Tiruloki.

NL-27/NL-AA

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 23’

45.9806” 79

0 30’

42.0943” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take SH 141 from Viruddhacahalam. Take SH at KaruveppilaiKurichi. Take road towards Srimushnam till Soladharam. Take NH45 C towards Vattatur.Around 0.7 Km from Vattaturjunction towardsNandeeswaraMangalam and 0.2 Km from NandeeswaraManagalam.

NL-28/NL-AB

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 23’

33.4734” 79

0 37’

12.5008” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take road towrdsValkarameduvisPrameswaranallur. Around 2.6 km from Juntion of Chidmabram-Valkaramedu-T-Nedunjery road and 1KM from Keeznatham.

NL-29/NL-AC

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 35’

9.9319” 79

0 34’

28.6621” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

Take Cuddalore-Viridhacahlam-Salem Road till Kurinjippadi.Take K. Nellikuppam Main Road. Around 1.6 Km from Pacharapalayam and K.Nellikuppam Main road.

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-6

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

NL-30/NL-AD

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 13’

33.7139” 79

0 33’

21.8285” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Kattumannarkoil take Ayyangudi - Kattumannarkoil road. Take turn towards Kuchur. Around 0.3 Km from the turn towards Kuchur

NL-31/NL-AE

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

11011’

20.47” 79

0 30’

27” Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Kattumannarkoil take Ayyangudi - Kattumannarkoil road. TakeKollidam-Kallanai road after Muttam towards Eyalur. Take road towards Achalpuram.Around 0.3 Km from Achalpuram.

NL-

32/NL-

AF

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 14’

38.1605”

790 27’

40.4115”

From Panruti take road towards Sethiatope. From Sethiathope take KanurRoad.AtMazhavarayanallur take road towards Gangaikondapuram. Around 4.8 Km from Pappkudi junction.

NL-33/ NL-AG

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 1’

47.8257”

790 33’

25.6492”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Tarangambadi take Porayar road till

Kazhanivasal. From there take

AduturaiManaganallur Road till Kanjuvoy.

Around 0.7 Km from Kanjuvoy and 0.9 km

from Mampulli

NL-34/ NL-AH

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200 11

0 3’

12.9591”

790 29’

25.1241”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Myaldurai take road towards

Kumbakonam via Kuttalam. After

Katuvalavu take road towards Komal.

After Thozhutalangudi take raod to

Senniyanallur. Around 1.2 km from

Senniyanallur

NL-35/ NL-AI

Expl. Test / ‘B’

3000-5200

110 1’ 28.1097”

790 27’ 24.3547”

Basement, AndimadamBhuvanagiri Formations and Tertiary sediments.

From Kumbakonam take Poompuhar road. Around 1.8 Km after Vappathur and 1.6 Km ahead of Tirumangalakud.

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-7

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Drilling Operations

Only water based drilling mud will be used for drilling appraisal wells in the Block The

rig will be electrically operated and it consists of a derrick floor and at the top of this floor

is placed crown block and a travelling block attached with a hook. This is attached to a

unit called swivel which is suspended into a hexagonal block called the Kelly which is

connected to the rotary table. The rotary table is driven by a shaft powered by electrical

motor. The electrical motor rotates the rotary table which in turn rotates the Kelly bush

and rotations are transmitted to the drilling machine called the bit and when the bit

rotates drilling progresses. After drilling a considerable depth drill pipes are added and

at the end of the life of the drill bit it is changed by taking it out all the pipes and a fresh

bit is added and the entire drill pipes are run back into the hole and further drilling is

continued up to the desired target depth.

During the process of drilling drill cuttings are generated by the rotation of the bit which

is removed by the duplex/triplex mud pumps and the mud coming out of the bit pushes

the cuttings uphold and transports them to the surface. The mud also helps in balancing

the formation pressures and also a thin impermeable cake so that the formation does not

collapse into the well board.

The mud coming out of the well process through solid control equipment which removes

different sizes of drill cuttings and the cleaned mud flows back into the suction tank and

after suitable chemical treatment it flows back into the well. This is a continuous

process. The mud is a colloidal suspension treated with caustic soda to ensure proper

hydrogen iron concentration.

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-8

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-9

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Base Line Environmental Status

Meteorology/Climate

The base line data generation for the rapid EIA has been carried out during April

2014 to June 2014. The study area comprised of Ariyalur, Cuddalore, Nagapattinam,

Thanjavur and Tiruvarur Districts.

Temperature:

The study area has a warm, humid and tropical climate. The higher temperature is

recorded during the months of April and May whereas the lower temperature is

recorded during the months of December and January.

During the monitoring period of study area the temperature varied from 260 C –

38.20C

Humidity:

Highest humidity percentage is observed during the NE monsoon period i.e from

October through December.

During the monitoring period of study area Relative Humidity was in the range of

32% - 93%.

Rain Fall:

The North East Monsoon major contributor of the total annual rainfall starts in

October and ends in December. The South West Monsoon rains from June to

September. The North east monsoon contributes around 57.1 % and south west

monsoon contributes around 31 % of total annual rainfall.

Ambient Air Quality

Twenty Fournumber of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring stations were set up

considering the meteorological parameters, topography, representative regional

background for obtaining base line data and likely regional impact areas. AAQ

locations were selected in upwind, down wind and cross wind directions of the

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-10

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

proposed locations. At each sampling station monitoring was carried out for 24 hrs

and the average values are reported.

The 24 hourly average values of Particulate Matter <2.5µ is ranging between 18

- 38 g/m3& that Particulate Matter <10µ is ranging between 41 - 73 g/m3 in

the study area.

The 24 hourly average values of SO 2 are in the range of 6 - 12 g/m3 and NOx

are in the range of 11 - 19 g/m3 in the monitored Area.

The constituents like Methane Hydro Carbons are in the range of 795-1890 ppb,

Non methane Hydro carbons are in the range of 250 - 810 ppb, VOCs are in the

range of 0.26 – 0.82 g/m3 and Mercury is below detectable limits in the

monitored Area.

These values are within the limits of national ambient air quality standards and

CPCB Limits

Water Quality Status

About 55 Ground water samples and 29Surface water samples were collected within

the area considered for monitoring. These samples were collected from various

sources like hand pumps, open wells and rivers within the area considered. The

water samples collected were analyzed and results were compared with IS: 10500

drinking water standards

pH for Ground water samples is in the range of 6.8 - 8.5 and for surface water

samples it is in the range of 6.68-7.41. The pH value is within the limits as

fixed in IS 10500. As per Is 10500 the fixed limits for pH are 6.5 to 8.5

The desirable limit for Total Dissolved Solids as per IS 10500 is 500 mg/l and

permissible limit, in absence of alternate source is 200 mg/l. TDS in Ground

water samples ranged between 243-3252 mg/l and surface water between

200-1108 mg/l.

Ground water samples have Chloride in the range of 45-1184 mg/l and

Surface water samples in the range of 33-276mg/l, both are within desirable

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ES-11

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

and permissible limits. As per Is 10500 the desirable and permissible limits

for chlorides are 250 mg/l and 1000 mg/l respectively

Sulphates are in the range of 6-198 mg/l for Ground water and 9-92 mg/l for

surface water samples. As per Is 10500 the desirable and permissible limits

for sulphates as SO4 are 200 mg/l and 400 mg/l respectively The Sulphates

are within desirable limits for both ground water and Surface water

samples.

The desirable limits and permissible limits of Total Alkalinity is in the range of

200 mg/l and 600 mg/l as per IS 10500. The range of Total Alkalinity

observed in Ground water samples is 94-888 mg/l and for surface water 53-

360 mg/l. The Alkalinity is within permissible limits for ground water and

within desirable limits for Surface water.

Total hardness is in the range of 78-1032mg/l for Ground water and 51-302

mg/l for surface water samples. As per Is 10500 the desirable and

permissible limits for Hardness is 300 mg/l and 600 mg/l respectively The

Hardness are within desirable limits for Surface water samples and within

permissible limits for Ground water samples.

The desirable limits and permissible limits of Flouride is in the range of 1

mg/l and 1.5 mg/l as per IS 10500. The range of Flouride observed in

Ground water samples is 0.12 – 0.80 mg/l and for surface water 0.06 - 0.80

mg/l. The Flouride is within permissible limits for ground water and within

desirable limits for Surface water.

Copper, Zinc, Chromium, Cadmium etc. are below detectable limits in both

ground water and Surface water samples

The Analysed results are compared with IS10500 , Indian Drinking Water Standards

and the following are the observations:

Noise Environment

Noise levels have been monitored at 60 locations within the study zone. Noise level

measurement locations were identified for assessment of existing noise level status,

keeping in view the land use pattern, residential areas in villages, schools, bus

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-12

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

stands, etc., the day levels of noise have been monitored during 6 AM to 9 PM and

the night levels during 9 PM to 6 AM.

The day equivalents during the study period are ranging between 47.7 – 54.6 dB

(A). Where as the night equivalents were in the range of 36.1 - 44.8 dB (A). Day

equivalents and the Night equivalents were within the Ambient Noise standards of

residential areas standards and the industrial noise standards.

Soil Environment

15 sampling locations were selected to assess the existing soil conditions. The soils

of study area have a pH ranging between 6.1 – 8.63 and organic content between

0.22-1.43%. Calcium content in soils of Tiruvarur, Ariyalur and Cuddalore is more as

compared to those of Nagapattinam and Thanjavur

Flora& Fauna

There are no endangered or endemic species of Flora and Fauna in 1km radius of

the proposed drilling of wells in the block. The study area has a low to medium

impact of pollution

Anticipated Environment Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Impact on Air quality

The impact on air quality at the drill site and its surroundings is guided by two events

The Emissions from Diesel generating sets used to generate power for the

drilling operation

Fugitive emissions caused during site preparation and during

decommissioning process

The prediction reveals maximum GLC of PM, SO₂ and oxides of nitrogen,

are below the stipulated standards. These values will not pose adverse

impacts in the surrounding area

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ES-13

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Mitigation Measures:

The exhaust of diesel generating set will be at sufficient height to allow

dispersion of the pollutant and the DG sets will be properly maintained so that

emissions are within the norms.

Improvement of combustion efficiency by ensuring maintenance of air filters

in the DG set. The storage and handling of top soil and materials will be

carefully managed to minimize the windblown dust.

Water spraying will be resorted to contain the dust on the access roads.

The oil filled equipment have an in-built pollution control devices, hence the

procurement of such equipment will go in a long way to contain air pollution.

The engines and exhaust of all vehicles and equipment used in drilling

activity will be maintained so that the exhaust emissions is almost more or

less conforming to the statutory limits set for the equipment.

Impact on water quality

The hardening of the drill site area by bull-dozers increases the

compaction and this reduces ground water re-charge. However, the

drilling operation is a short term activity which will not have any permanent

effect on the ground water recharge.

The water requirement for the drilling operation is met by the water

tankers. The waste water includes waste from cutting, drilling fluid and

domestic use.

Water based drilling fluid is used for drilling the well. The waste water

generated from such fluids contains clay, caustic soda, soda ash, then

partially hydraulised, polyacrylamide and other chemicals.

The waste water generated from drilling activities, i.e. mainly rig wash,

cement preparation and other sources which will be generated

intermittently and this will be treated to get the statutory discharge

parameters. However, the pollution effect from waste water discharge will

not be very high.

Possibility ground water contamination is not ruled out during accidental

discharge of fuel, lubricants and chemicals

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-14

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Mitigation Measures

All out efforts will be to reduce the water consumption and maximize re-

cycling of water.

Waste water will be collected in high density polyethylene lined waste bits

and this will be treated with chemicals which will induce segmentation

and Coagulation and the remaining waste water will be solar evaporated.

The domestic waste will be discharged to septic tanks followed by soap

pits.

The storm water drainage system will be maintained efficiently.

Efforts will be made to avoid drilling activity during monsoon season.

All the drill cuttings will be disposed in the HTPE line pit.

The fuel and chemical storage area will have proper bunds so that the

contamination will not run off to the storm water drainage system

Impact on Noise Levels

The potential impacts on noise level may arise out of the following:

Noise from the Drilling Rig:

Noise Emanated by Machineries &Equipment

Noise from Vehicular Traffic:

Mitigation measures

Acoustic barriers are installed to reduce the noise level

Condition monitoring of equipment is carried out to plan and execute

preventive maintenance of equipment

Operations which create high noise levels are restricted to daytime only.

Planned maintenance of equipment is carried out to restrict noise level

Personnel Protective equipment like ear plugs /muffs are provided to workers

to offset the effect due to noise

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ES-15

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Impact on Land Environment

Drill site is prepared after clearing vegetation, leveling , hardening the area

for heavy vehicular movement may results in the change in land use

temporarily

Changes in soil characteristics of the area due to temporary dumping of earth

and fill material used for elevation of drill site.

During drilling drill cuttings ,domestic waste, wastewater from cuttings

washings and sewage from domestic toilet will be generated which may effect

land environment.

Mitigation Measures

Temporary drill site accommodation with Bunk houses are provided to

employees with all amenities and sanitation facilities .

Wastes are segregated into Bio-degradable and Non Bio-degradable waste.

Land requirement will be minimized by adopting a proper layout design

Proper restoration process shall be implemented which will regain the land

to its near original condition

Impact on Soil Environment

The preparation of Drill site and shifting of heavy equipment to the new drill

site results a change in the degradation of soil quality and structure. However

the project design involves preserving of top soil for site restoration.

The Rig foundations requires strong base to take heavy loads. This requires

piling and placing concrete slurry after compaction of the soil, which may

result in a change in the soil hydrology, soil texture, thus affecting the

percolation rates, drainage patterns and water logging in nearby areas

Mitigation Measures

Top soil is stored preserved and protected for restoration

The movement of vehicles shall be restricted only to designated areas within

the site to the extent possible

__________________________________________________________________________________

ES-16

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Domestic waste will be segregated like recyclable and non-recyclable

wastes. Recyclable waste is sent to Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board

authorized recyclers

Properly designed garland drains shall be made along the site to channelize

the storm water properly

Prevention of contaminants spilling on soil

The drill cuttings are processed as per GSR 546(E)

Provision for toilets can be kept for labour

Proper sanitary arrangements kept for toilets and soak pits at the drill site

Impact on Biological Environment

The study area is mainly agricultural area and is devoid of any wildlife habitat

system. However the drilling activity being a short time activity covering a

period of 3to 4 months and this will not have any permanent impact on the

Flora and Fauna of that area.

Further the exploratory drilling activity will not disturb the ecological balance of

that area. The impact on vegetation will be very low.

Impact on Socio-Economic Environment

Migration of population:

The proposed drilling activity requires limited manpower and this will not have

any effect on drilling activity

Positive impacts

Likely to create temporary employment Generation during exploration

phase

Likely to increase the infrastructural facilities and educational/medical

benefits as part of CSR activities.

If project proven economically viable, industrial development around the

area and employment opportunity generation, both direct and indirect , is

likely.

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ES-17

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Environmental Monitoring Program

Environmental Monitoring Program has been designed for assessing the efficiency of

implementation of Environment Management Plan and to take corrective measures in

case of any degradation in the surrounding environment.

Different activities involved in the proposed project and their impact on various

environmental attributes have been taken into account while designing a detailed

environmental monitoring program.

Implementation of EMP and periodic monitoring is proposed to be carried out at study

area. Environmental protection measures like dust suppression, treatment and recycling

of wastewater, plantation and noise control in the premises, housekeeping,

implementation of EMP and Environmental Clearance conditions will be monitored by

the project site authorities.

Project Benefits

The proposed exploratory drilling of oil and gas will impose the following benefits to the

society as well as the economy at a large scale.

Following benefits are envisaged from the proposed drilling operation:

a. Economic impact

By drilling these wells in L-I and other PMLs, it is likely to accrete about 20 – 25

MMt (O+OEG). Initially inplace Reserves. However the upside potential in the

block is envisaged in the order of 200 MMt (O+OEG).

The proposed exploratory activity, if proved to be economically viable shall have

impact on the production of oil in future and in turn on the economy

b. Employment Potential

The study area is mainly rural with agriculture as the major activity and this

mainly depends on monsoon conditions .There are no major industries located in

this area. The hydrocarbon discovery will bring in more industries and the

employment potential will increase.

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ES-18

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

During drill site preparation local villagers will be involved in the construction jobs

and unloading of rig materials at site. The exploratory drilling involves preparation

and maintenance of drilling fluid which requires addition of mud chemicals

manually. Unskilled jobs will be given to local villagers.

c. Improvements in the Physical Infrastructure

It has been observed that the area needs the support in the areas of

infrastructural facilities in educational institutions, water and sanitation facilities

and in agricultural sector like soil and water testing labs, skill trainings etc. and it

is proposed that an amount of Rs. 50 lakhs per annum shall be ear marked for

the above identified activities, initially. The amount can however be increased

based on the activities taken up and the project proposals received.

As a part of Corporate Social Responsibility obligations additional allocations may

be done for educational and infrastructural projects, thus benefitting the project

area.

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EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Terms of Reference (TOR)

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T - 1

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

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T - 2

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

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T - 3

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

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T - 4

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

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EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Terms of Reference (TOR) - Compliance

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TC - 1

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

TOR compliance

Sl. No

TOR Compliance

1 A certified copy of the report of the status of compliance of the conditions stipulated in the environmental clearance and consent to operate for the ongoing/existing operation of the project by the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests and SPCB

Copy available. Six monthly reports submitted. Latest copy available.

2 Executive Summary of a project Included in report, page ES1 – ES-8

3 Project description project objectives and project benefits Refer section 2.1 of chapter 2

4 Site details within 1Km of the each proposed well, any habitation any other installation /activity, flora and fauna approachability to the site, other activities including agriculture/land satellite imagery for 10 Km area

Refer section 2.4 of chapter2, Sections 4.2, 4.7 and 4.9 of Chapter 4.

5 Details of forest land involved in the proposed project A copy of the clearance letter, if applicable

Not applicable

6 Permission from the state Forest Department considering the impact of the proposed plant on the surrounding National Park/Wild life sanctuary/Reserve Forest/Eco sensitive area, if any. Approval obtained from the state/central Government under Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 for the forest land should be submitted.

Not applicable as No Forest land is involved

7 Distance from the nearby critically/severely polluted area as per Notification dated 13th January 2010 if applicable

No critically polluted area nearby. Not applicable

8 Does proposal involves rehabilitation and resettlement? If yes, details thereof.

No

9 Details of Project Cost Refer section1.3 of chapter 1

10 Details of all facilities including CGS,GGS,OCS, produced water treatment etc. to be installed. If existing facilities , give details

Not applicable, as these are exploratory locations

11 Environmental considerations in the selection of the drilling locations for which environmental clearance is being sought. Present any analysis suggested for minimizing the foot print giving details of drilling and development options considered.

The locations are chosen with least impact on Environment

12. Baseline data collection for air, water and soil for one season leaving the monsoon season in an area of 10 km radius with centre of Oil Field as its centre covering the area of all proposed drilling wells, it includes;

Baseline Environmental monitoring was done during the period April-June 2014 and the results are given in Sections 4.3,4.4,4.5,4.6 and 4.8 of Chapter 4.

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TC - 2

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

i)Topography of the project site Refer section 2.4 of chapter 2. Base map of locations placed at section 4.2 of Chapter 4.

ii) Ambient Air Quality monitoring at 8 locations for PM10 , SO2, NOX, VOCs Methane and non-methane HC

AAQM for 24 location results are at Section 4.4 of Chapter 4

iii) Soil sample analysis (physical and chemical properties) at the areas located at 5 locations.

15 soil samples results at section 4.8.6 ofChapter 4

iv) Ground and surface water quality in the vicinity of the proposed wells site.

Ground water 55 samples and surface water 29 samples analysed results at section 4.5 of chapter 4

v) Climatology and Meteorology including wind speed, wind direction temperature rainfall relative humidity etc.

Climatology and meteorological Details at section 4.3.1 of Chapter 4

vi) Measurement of Noise levels within 1 km radius of the proposed wells

Noise level measurement at 60 locations details at section 4.6 of Chapter 4

vii) Vegetation and Land Use, Animal resources Refer section 4.9 of Chapter 4

13 Incremental GLC as a result of DG set operation Refer section 5.2.1of Chapter 5

14 Potential environmental impact envisages during various stages of project activities such as site activation, development, operation / maintenance and decommissioning.

Environment impact chapter 5

15 Actual source of water and `Permission’ for the drawl of water from the Competent Authority. Detailed water balance, wastewater generation, recycling and its final discharge.

Water supply through tankers. Refer section 6.5 of chapter 6.

16 Noise control and measures to minimize disturbance due to light and visual intrusions in case coastally located areas.

The locations are 30-35 km from coast Noise control addressed in section 6.6 of Chapter6

17 Treatment and disposal of waste water Refer section 6.9 of Chapter 6

18 Treatment and disposal of solid waste generation Refer section 6.9 of Chapter 6

19 Disposal of spent oil and loose material Refer section 6.9 of Chapter 6

20 Storage of chemicals and diesel at site Refer section 6.9 of Chapter 6

21 Commitment for the use of WBM only Only water based mud shall be used. Refer section 6.9 of

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TC - 3

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Chapter 6.

22 Mud make up and mud and cutting disposal - all options considered should be listed with selective option

Refer section 6.9 of Chapter6

23 Hazardous material usage, generation, storage accounting and disposal

Refer section 6.9 of Chapter6

24 Disposal of packaging waste from site. Refer section 6.9 of Chapter6

25 Oil spill emergency plans in respect of recovery / reclamation.

Included in Annexure of Part B

26 H2S emissions control No H₂S atmosphere. However H2S contingency plan Included in Annexure of Part B

27 Produced oil handling and storage. Not applicable as exploratory drilling

28 Details of scheme for oil collection system along with process flow diagram and its capacity.

Not applicable as exploratory drilling

29 Details of control of air, water and noise pollution in oil collection system.

Not applicable as exploratory drilling

30 Disposal of produced / formation water. Not applicable as exploratory drilling

31 Whether any burn pits being utilized for well test operations.

No, burn pits are not used during testing operations

32 Restoration and decommissioning plans which should include mud pits and wastage restoration also and documentation and monitoring of site recovery.

Refer section 6.3 of Chapter6

33. Measures to protect ground water and shallow aquifers from contamination

Refer section 6.5 of Chapter6

34 Risk assessment and mitigation measures along with disaster management plan and prevention of blow out

Addressed in Chapter 1 of Part B. Disaster Management Plan included as Annexure to Part B.

35 Environmental management plan. Refer sections 6.1 – 6.13 of Chapter 6.

36 Documentary proof of membership of common disposal facilities, if any.

Copies provided in Annexure-I

37 Details of environmental and safety related documentation within the company including documentation and proposed occupational health and safety Surveillance Safety Programme for all personnel at site. This should also include monitoring programme for the environment

Refer sections 6.1 and 6.13 of Chapter 6.

38 Total capital and recurring cost for environmental control measures.

Project cost Rs 700crores recurring cost for environment control addressed in section 1.3 of

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TC - 4

EIA Report for Exploratory Drilling of 35 Wells in L-1 PML, Kuthalam PML, Kali &GreatorKali PML, Bhuvanagiri PML and Neyveli PML in Cauvery Basin, Tamilnadu

Chapter1

39 A copy of Corporate Environment Policy of the as per the Ministry’s O.M.No.J-11013/41/2006-1A.II(I) dated 26th April, 2011 available on the Ministry’s website.

Copy enclosed at Annexure II

40 Public Hearing to be conducted and issues raised and commitments made by the project proponent on the same should be included in EIA/EMP report in the form of tabular chart with financial budget for complying with the commitments made

Shall be included after conduction of public hearing.

41. Any litigation pending against the project and or any direction / order passed by any court of law against the project. If so details thereof.

No litigation against the project is pending with any court of law