A P European History

April 3 Challenge

1. On a sheet of paper, number one to fifty2. Write the letter of the answer you think is correct3. Mark it right or wrong when the correct answer shows4. At the end, count up correct answers and double the score

Karl Marx believed that the final result of the socialist revolution would be

a. the "usurpation by the proletariat of the bourgeois hegemony.“

b.a "dictatorship of the proletariat.“

c. the "complete inversion of the class hierarchy.“

d. the "opiate of the masses."

Blaise Pascal, both a theologian and mathematician, believed that:

a.it is better to believe in God than not to believe in God

b.the Jansenists were wrong

c.atheists were right and that there is no God

d.traditional religious belief must be transformed by science

Robert Owen

a.believed that society should be managed by experts and that wealth not be redistributed

b.inspired Pierre Joseph Proudhon and the Anarchist movement of the 1840s

c.was the architect who rebuilt Paris for Napoleon III

d.was the Utopian Socialist who built a successful industrial environment at New Lanark, Scotland

England’s ultimate defeat in the Hundred Year’s War was offset by

a.the death of Joan of Arc

b.Columbus’ discovery of the New World

c.the death of Henry V and Charles VII

d.the rebirth of the wool trade in Flanders

When the British Fabian Socialists, Beatrice and Sidney Webb, spoke of a new civilization in the 1920s and 1930s, they were referring to (the)

a.Soviet Union

b.Fascist Italy

c.Ramsay MacDonald’s Labor Government

d.Nazi Germany

Foundling Hospitals in the eighteenth century

a.were homes for orphan children

b.were founded by French aristocrats for wounded soldiers

c.were the first true hospitals in the modern sense of the word

d.were dangerous and unhealthy places where only the poorest people were treated

Date this picture.

a.1871

b.1900

c. 1916

d.1925

In the long term, the Columbian exchange

a. brought a lasting decline in population because of the ravages of diseases such as smallpox.

b. had very little influence on world population figures.

c. led to economic instability because of a glut of Chinese silver.

d. increased world population because of the spread of new food crops.

The Social Darwinists believed that

a.a sharp distinction had to be made between the biological and social worlds.

b.only a socialist political and social structure would keep humans from destroying themselves.

c. powerful nations were meant to dominate weaker societies.

d.human beings had reached the point where competition among nations was no longer necessary.

Why did Luther not support the Peasants’ Revolt?

a. He felt no pity for their harsh treatment by the German nobility

b. The peasants supported Charles V and the old Catholic prince-bishops

c. Luther’s view of Reformation was not political but spiritual

d. Luther was afraid that the Catholic party would win if he backed the peasants.

Aristotle favored polity by which he meant thata. a ruler with complete authority should

have power in a state.

b. honor and honesty were far more important than money or fame or political power.

c. the world we live in is not the only world, because our world is a pale and imperfect reflection of a perfect world

d. that the rule of law should limit popular sentiment.

Which of the following statements best describes the school of Impressionism? Impressionists

a. mostly portrayed religious, mythological and historical subjects

b. sought the Platonic ideal of perfection

c. were inspired by imagination, folklore, fairy tales, dreams and other phenomena in opposition to that of empirical reasoning

d. recorded ordinary people at dance halls, cafes, beach parties, working in the fields or picnicking in the country

Which is in correct order for the French Revolution?

a.National Assembly, Convention, Directory, Committee of Public Safety

b.Convention, Directory, Committee of Public Safety, National Assembly

c. Directory, Committee of Public Safety, Convention, National Assembly

d.National Assembly, Convention, Committee of Public Safety, Directory

The Ausgleich

a.made Francis Joseph an absolute monarch in Germany

b. made Francis Joseph king of Hungary

c. was Bismarck’s final blow to Hapsburg hegemony in Germany

d. was Bismarck’s final triumph in unifying Germany

When Voltaire urged his readers to "crush the damned thing" he was talking about

a. the Enlightenment

b. the National Assembly

c. the Roman Catholic Church

d. the Jacobin party

In his book, The Birth of Tragedy, Nietzsche claimed that

a. to limit human activity to strictly rational behavior was to impoverish human life.

b. the study of Socrates and the ancient philosophers held the key to understanding human societal evolution

c. accommodations with modernism were possible

d. the certainty of a better life was possible

The American colonies won their independence

a.because the American armies under General Washington gained the upper hand over the British armies

b.because the Loyalists either fled to Canada or joined the rebel side

c. because the Americans were able to hold the key cities of Boston, New York and Philadelphia

d.because British were tired when they weren’t able to either destroy the Continental Army or hold much land

He was the founder of Anabaptism which objected to infant baptism and insisted that only an adult with fully developed mental faculties could make such an important spiritual decision.

a.Conrad Grebel

b.Heinrich Bullinger

c. Ulrich Zwingli

d.Philip of Hesse

What name was given to freed Russian serfs who became wealthy and successful, whom Stalin murdered in his Collectivization projects?

a.Cossacks

b.Kulaks

c. Zemstvos

d.Soviets

Fascism was

a.was deeply influenced by primitive art and its sense of power and wonder.

b. called for elimination of special privileges for foreigners and a democratic republican government based on universal suffrage

c. was the term used by the Bolsheviks when they seized control of banks, industry and other privately held commercial properties.

d.was extremely right wing but also revolutionary and not afraid of change.

The guiding principles of the French Revolution were summed up in the phrase

a. "no taxation without representation."

b. "peace, bread, land."

c. "all men are created equal."

d. "liberty, equality, fraternity."

Louis XIV considered his revocation of the Edict of Nantes

a.unimportant

b.militarily significant

c.his most pious act

d.a necessary evil

This Romantic philosopher said that a set of ideas called thesis dominate. Then conflicting ideas called antithesis challenge the thesis. These two clash and produce a synthesis which becomes a new thesis

a.Johann Gottfried Herder

b.John Wesley

c. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

d. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Humanist moral philosophers of the Renaissance believed that

a.people should withdraw from the world and dedicate themselves to prayer.

b. the thought of the middle ages was much more pure than the scandalous ideas of the Renaissance.

c. people could lead morally virtuous lives while participating in the world.

d. the ideals of the Greeks and Romans should be shunned because they were pagan.

This revolution in thinking began towards the end of the Renaissance and continued through the late 18th century, the later part being called The Enlightenment.

a. the Industrial Revolution

b.Romanticism

c. the Scientific Revolution

d.Nationalism

The German leader Otto von Bismarck believed that the great issues of his day would be determined by

a. "class struggle."

b. "blood and iron."

c. "liberty, equality, fraternity."

d.Nationalism

During the Reign of Terror in the French Revolution, the de-facto dictator of the Committee of Public Safety was

a.Abbé Sieyès

b.Maximilien Robespierre

c. Jacques Necker

d.Georges Jacques Danton

The Somme was

a. the battle in 1914 that halted the German Schlieffen plan.

b.a huge German offensive against the French lines in 1916.

c. a disastrous Italian defeat which destroyed any hope for an Italian invasion of Austria.

d.an English assault in 1916 that gained a few thousand yards.

After the Glorious Revolution in 1688, William and Mary recognized a Bill of Rights which effectually made England a

a.representative democracy

b.limited monarchy

c.absolute monarchy

d.enlightened monarchy

On St. Bartholomew’s Day, August 24th, 1572,

a.Henry of Navarre was assassinated by a Catholic fanatic.

b.Henry of Navarre issued the Edict of Nantes

c. over twenty thousand Huguenots were massacred all across France

d.John Knox published his First Blast of the Trumpet against the Terrible Regiment of Women.

In the last twenty five years,

a.Europeans are having so few children that their population is falling

b. Europe has experienced increasing poverty

c. Europeans are having so many children that their populations are increasing

d. Europe has rejected the idea of a European Union

John Lockea.promoted global Catholicism through rigorous

education and political skill.

b.argued that a government appointed by the king and his ministers for the people was the best form of government

c. instituted a policy of forced and rapid modernization in Russia.

d.argued that the people formed governments to protect their natural rights and that the best form of government had limited power and was accepted by all the citizens.

He not only explained why the planets moved through space in an orderly manner but also demonstrated the importance of empirical (existential) data which came from observation.

a. John Locke

b.Alexander Pope

c. Isaac Newton

d.Joseph Addison

Modern European feminism emphasizes

a.political equality

b.women’s control over their own lives

c.economic equality

d.political and legal equality

The Tennis Court Oath promised

a.to support the king

b.to execute the king and high nobility

c.to give France a constitution

d.to make the clergy persona non grata

МАКДОНАЛДС is a symbol of

a. Impressionism

b.The Brezhnev Doctrine

c. Americanization

d.The Khrushchev Era

During the rule of the Directory

a. the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen was written.

b. the French Revolution defended itself from English and Russian invasions

c. the French monarchy was abolished and replaced by a parliament

d. the French Revolution moved in a more conservative direction.

He was perhaps the greatest German writer of history. His masterpiece was Faust which is the story of a young man who makes a pact with the devil only to be saved when he realized that he must dedicate his life to humanity.

a. Johann Gottfried Herder

b.J. G. Fichte

c. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

d. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Certitude of Salvation which teaches that God works to bring about the salvation of individuals by means of grace and without the cooperation from the individual was the teaching of

a. Martin Luther

b. Michael Servetus

c. Thomas Cranmer

d. John Calvin

The Locarno Treaties of 1925

a.made Italy feel “cheated” by the peace settlements

b. increased German bitterness towards the allies

c. provided that French troops leave the Rhineland

d. made France feel less secure than ever

This English philosopher was the father of Empiricism which states that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience.

a.Nicolas Copernicus

b.Tycho Brahe

c. Isaac Newton

d.Sir Francis Bacon

During the Age of Exploration, the marginalization of indigenous peoples was

a.more common in Latin America than in North America

b. least common in Canada and Peru

c. common in both North and South America

d.most common in the United States

Deism

a.was a belief in the existence of God but a denial of the supernatural teachings of Christianity

b.allowed the Huguenots to practice their faith only in a few specified French cities

c. was a rational analysis of religion rather than blind obedience to the Christian religion

d.held that kings derive their authority from God and serve as "God's lieutenants on earth."

He was a great supporter of right wing Bolshevism (opposed Trotsky’s collectivization and rapid industrialization); he was the editor of the official party newspaper, Pravda and later eliminated by Stalin in the Great Purge.

a.Boris Yeltsin

b.Nikolai Bukharin

c. Alexander Solzhenitsyn

d.Nikolai Berdyaev

In the seventeenth century England

a.evolved into a constitutional monarchy.

b. split from the Catholic church under the leadership of Henry VIII.

c. became the classic example of an absolutist state.

d. survived an attempted invasion sent by the Spanish king Philip II.

The Reformation began as an attempt

a.to reform the Catholic Church

b.to crush the Albigensians

c.to spread humanism

d.to curb the power of the rising monarchies

e.to expand the power of the papacy

In 1938 Germany sent troops into _________ and forced its leaders to accept the Anschluss.

a.Poland

b.Austria

c. Denmark

d.Czechoslovakia

In 1690, he published Reflections on the Revolution in France in which he argued that the French Revolution would end disastrously because it was not rational and ignored the complexities of human nature and society.

a.Edmund Burke

b.Tadeusz Kosciuszko

c.Thomas Paine

d.Joseph Priestly

A good description of the Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century might be

a.the migration of Italian humanism

b.a defense of Scholasticism

c.a reaction to the Council of Trent

d.the last gasp of medieval piety

The February Revolution of 1917

a.swept Lenin into power in Russia and led to the creation of the Soviet Union.

b. resulted in the long-anticipated collapse of the Ottoman empire.

c. led to the establishment of a reform-minded provisional government in Russia.

d.erupted after the assassination of Nicholas II.