a novel gossip-based sensing coverage algorithm for dense wireless sensor networks vinh tran-quang...
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A novel gossip-based sensing coverage algorithm for dense wireless sensor networks
Vinh Tran-Quang a , Takumi Miyoshi a,b
a Graduate School of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japanb College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
Computer Networks
Volume 53, Issue 13, 28 August 2009, Pages 2275-2287
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Outline
Introduction Definitions and MSCR problem formulation Application of the MSCR algorithm Maximum sensing coverage region algorithm Performance evaluation Conclusion
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Introduction
In wireless sensor networks Once deployed, however, most applications of
sensor networks expect a long system lifetime. The energy expenditure of sensors has to be
wisely managed by their architectures and protocols to prolong the overall network lifetime.
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Introduction
In a dense network The sensing areas of different nodes may be
similar and overlap with those of neighboring nodes.
It is important to place or select them so that the monitored area is covered as much as possible without diminishing the overall system coverage.
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Introduction
We propose a new architecture for routing in large distributed WSNs Removing redundant sensor nodes Permits configurable QoS coverage parameters Low communication overhead
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Definitions and MSCR problem formulation
Definition 1. The neighbor set of a sensor node si
Communication Range
Sensing Range
Neighbor
Overlapping neighbor
Si Sj
Rs
2Rs
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Definition 2. The sensing region of a sensor si located at (xi,
yi), denoted by Siregion, is a set of all points within
si’s sensing range. A point p is said to be k-covered if it is within at least k sensors’ sensing regions.
Si
Sj
1-covered2-covered
Definitions and MSCR problem formulation
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Definition 3. Boundary arc The arc created by two overlapped sensor nodes
si and sj is the arc created by two intersection points between two sensing region boundaries.
)2
),((cos 1
s
ji
R
ssd
Definitions and MSCR problem formulation
0o
90o
180o
270o
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Definition 4. MSRC (Maximum sensing coverage region)
Given a set of m sensors S=s1, s2, . . . , sm deployed in a desired area and a natural number k
The MSCR problem is the problem of finding a subset S’ guarantees that the whole area is k-covered Achieves a maximum sensing region
SS '
Definitions and MSCR problem formulation
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Application of the MSCR algorithm
Send sleep_msg. or Send active_msg.
Setup phase
Steady phase
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Maximum sensing coverage region algorithm
Si
S3
S4
S5
S1
S2
k times
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Maximum sensing coverage region algorithm
S3
S4
S5
S1
S2
Redundant Node
Si
Send sleep_msg
S3
S3
S3
k=1
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Performance evaluation
Parameter Value
Initial energy (Einitial) 2 J
Data packet size 500 byte
Broadcast packet size 25 byte
Packet header size 25 byte
Data frames 30
Energy of transceiver electron (Eelec) 50 nJ/bit
Energy for transmission in free space model (Efs)
10 pJ/bit/m2
Energy for transmission in multi-path model (Emp)
0.0013 pJ/bit/m4
Threshold distance (d0) 75 m
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Performance evaluation
MSCR-LEACHG k=2
Cluster Head
Redundant Node
Active Node
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Performance evaluation
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Performance evaluation
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Performance evaluation
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Conclusion
We have defined the maximum sensing coverage region problem for randomly distributed WSNs and proposed a gossip-based sensing-coverage-aware algorithm to solve this problem.
Simulation results confirmed Reduced total energy consumption Significantly increased network lifetime