a nimal f orm and f unction circulation and gas exchange refer to pg 237-243 in holtzclaw, ch 42 in...
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ANIMAL FORM AND FUNCTIONCirculation and Gas ExchangeRefer to pg 237-243 in Holtzclaw, Ch 42 in Campbell and media resources
LEARNING GOAL: HOW DO ANIMALS EXCHANGE GASES AND TRANSPORT THEM INTERNALLY? WHAT ARE VARIOUS STRUCTURE/FUNCTION EXAMPLES ACROSS THE ANIMAL KINGDOM?
LEARNING INTENTIONS
You must know: The circulatory vessels, heart chambers,
and route of mammalian circulation. How red bloods cells (RBCs) demonstrate the
relationship of structure to function. The general characteristics of a respiratory
surface. The pathway a molecule of oxygen takes
from the air until it is picked up by the hemoglobin of a red blood cell.
TODAY: THE CIRCULATORY VESSELS, HEART CHAMBERS, AND ROUTE OF MAMMALIAN CIRCULATION.
You must exchange gas, wastes, and nutrients at the cellular level by diffusion!
Two solutions: 1) Keep all cells in contact with environment
Gastrovascular Cavity 2) Move fluid around to tissues/cells for
exchange Circulatory System
Gastrovascular Cavity
WHAT ARE THE THREE COMPONENTS OF A CIRCULATORY SYSTEM?
Circulatory System
WHAT ARE THE THREE COMPONENTS OF A CIRCULATORY SYSTEM?
Blood (Circulatory Fluid) Vessels (Tubes) Heart (Pump)
IN CLOSED CIRCULATION YOU HAVE:
Arteries – carry blood away from heart Thick, lots of smooth muscle Arterioles are smaller
Capillaries – Gas/Nutrient/Waste Exchange Microscopic Walls are one-cell layer thick (significance?)
Veins – carry blood back to the heart Have valves to prevent backflow Venules are smaller
The heart has atria and ventricles
TRY THIS! TRUE OR FALSE?
Capillary beds:
A. Are the site of nutrient and oxygen delivery to tissues
B. Have a total cross-sectional area much smaller than the total cross-sectional area of major arteries
C. Join arterioles and venules
TRY THIS! TRUE OR FALSE?
Capillary beds:
A. Are the site of nutrient and oxygen delivery to tissues TRUE!
B. Have a total cross-sectional area much smaller than the total cross-sectional area of major arteries FALSE!
C. Join arterioles and venules TRUE!
VARIATIONS!
VARIATIONS!
TRY THIS! TRUE OR FALSE?
The three-chambered hearts of amphibians and nonbird reptiles:
a. Allow substantial separation of pulmonary and systemic circulation
b. Are facultative, allowing variation in blood flow through the heart
c.Are inferior to the four-chambered hearts of birds and mammals, limiting the evolutionary success of amphibians and nonbird reptiles
TRY THIS! TRUE OR FALSE?
The three-chambered hearts of amphibians and nonbird reptiles:
a. Allow substantial separation of pulmonary and systemic circulation TRUE!
b. Are facultative, allowing variation in blood flow through the heart TRUE!
c.Are inferior to the four-chambered hearts of birds and mammals, limiting the evolutionary success of amphibians and nonbird reptiles FLASE!
TAKE A MOMENT TO READ AND UNDERSTAND THE PATH OF CIRCULATION ON PAGE 239 IN HOLTZCLAW
THE CARDIAC CYCLE – SYSTOLE (CONTRACTION) AND DIASTOLE (RELAXATION)
THE CARDIAC CYCLE – READ HEART RATE ON PAGE 240 IN HOLTZCLAW
BLOOD PRESSURE: READ 42.2 ON PAGE 240 IN HOLTZCLAW
Analyze the graphs
BLOOD PRESSURE
What happens to cross-sectional surface area, velocity, and pressure as you move through the circulatory system?
ACTIVITY: MEASURING BLOOD PRESSURE!
Experimental, not diagnostic!!!
LEARNING INTENTIONS
Do you know: The circulatory vessels, heart chambers, and
route of mammalian circulation.