A New Technique for Sewage Treatment under Indian Condition

Sunil JainDirector, Dam Safety Monitoring and Director Instrumentation Central Water Commission, New DelhiA New Technique for Sewage Treatment under Indian Condition

Problem of Sewage Treatment in IndiaProblems of sewage treatment is mainly because of large quantity and lack of awarenessIncreasing population put more pressure on present treatment plantsHuge investment is required for treating this sewage using available technologyForeign technologies are costly and most of these techniques are not suitable for Indian local conditionsHigher maintenance and operational costPresent scenario: Under Ganga cleaning by NMCG, the present cost is about Rs. 1.2 Crore/MLD .

Main Standard Technique

Surface DisposalSub-Surface DisposalDilution Method

Some Methods Presently used in IndiaPhysical

SedimentationScreeningAerationFiltrationFloatation and skimmingDegassificationEqualiation/dilution

Chemical

ChlorinationOzonationNeutralizationCoagulationAdsorptionIon Exchange

Biological

Aerobic

Anaerobic

Need of the HourTreatment process should be simple and low costTreatment process should require less timeTreatment process should have minimum stagnations periodIt Should be suitable for Indian conditionNew innovative cost effective techniques are required to be invented and implemented.

Present Model:Present technique is a combination of three traditional techniques and four modern techniques

Traditional techniqueAnaerobic baffled reactor: It is series of at least five septic tank at a time that reduced 40 to 60 % BOD.Aeration in the above baffled reactor Activated sludge method: Instead of putting actual activated sludge, micro-organism available in the open market are used

New TechniqueUse of electromagnetic field in the sewage water with addition of micro-organism for immediate flocculation without any power requirementUse of simple magnetic field with the help of permanent magnet along with aeration specially designed for left over flocculationUse of indigenously made material for adsorbing Chromium, Lead other heavy metals present in the sewage and this material is very cheap and readily available almost free of cost use of another indigenously made material for adsorbing Arsenic. It is also readily available Use of activated carbon to abate colour and odour

A Crude Model Video inclusive of working of sewage treatment with new Techniques is elucidated.

Cost of New Technique

The estimated cost of this technique if implemented on a stream is about Rs. 30 to 35 Lakhs/MLD onlyBeing cost effective, this model can be used in colonies, offices and industrial campus etc. as cleaned effluents can be used in agriculture and cleaning purposes.

Way ForwardNeed to include Micro filtration in the modelAbating/destroying micro organism need to be developedField scale testing is required although model work satisfactorilyNeed for Model Refinement.In place of mild steel used in the model perforated concrete has to be used in prototype

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