a neighbourhood-level analysis of fruit and vegetable access in saskatoon’s grocery stores
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A neighbourhood-level analysis of fruit and vegetable access in Saskatoon’s grocery stores. Sugandhi del canto, phd candidate Department of community health and epidemiology University of Saskatchewan. Acknowledgements. Supervisor: Dr. Rachel Engler -Stringer - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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A neighbourhood-level analysis of fruit and vegetable access in Saskatoon’s grocery storesSUGANDHI DEL CANTO, PHD CANDIDATEDEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH AND EPIDEMIOLOGYUNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN
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AcknowledgementsSupervisor: Dr. Rachel Engler-StringerThesis committee: Drs. Nazeem Muhajarine, Bonnie Janzen, Sylvia Abonyi
and Scott BellResearch team at Smart Cities, Healthy Kids (Saskatchewan Population Health Research Unit):Tracy RiddallsJoel HeitmarJenn DonlevyDuvaraga Sivajohanathan
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Overview1. Introduction to study and Saskatoon2. Objectives3. Methods4. Results5. Conclusions6. Questions and comments
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Study Objectives1. What are the differences in food store
distribution?
2. Are there differences in fruit and vegetable (F/V) access* in grocery stores across neighbourhoods?
◦ Are there differences in F/V access in neighbourhoods with higher populations of Aboriginal people?
* Access = price and availability
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Methods60 residential neighbourhoods grouped into high, mid and low SES based on Material and Social Deprivation Index
131 food stores in these neighbourhoods o 24 grocery storeso 92 convenience storeso 15 specialty stores
Nutrition Environment Measurement Survey for Stores (NEMS-S): 10 food categories assessed for price, availability and quality o Fresh and frozen F/V in grocery stores parsed out for further analysis
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TABLE 1: Distribution of grocery and convenience stores by neighbourhood-level SES
Neighbourhoods No. of food stores†
No. of grocery stores (% of total food stores)
No. of convenience stores (% of total food stores)
All 131 24 (20.9) 92 (80)
High SES 35 10 (28.6)* 21 (60.0)
Mid SES 41 5 (12.19) 31 (75.6)
Low SES 55 9 (16.4) 40 (72.7) **
†Includes all grocery, convenience and specialty food stores. As such, percentages in the last two columns will not equal 100% *p=0.007**p=0.052
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TABLE 2: Fruit and vegetable access Price (F/V) Availability (F/V) Total NEMS-S
SES
High F 1.225 2.681 2.762
r2 0.09 0.054 0.006
Mid F 0.345 5.673 1.554
r2 0.077 0.089 0.015
Low F 6.244* 1.840 1.233
r2 0.343** 0.064 0.032
Aboriginal
T 6.708*** 4.002 3.785*****
r2 0.201**** 0.091 0.391
*p=0.035**p=0.023***p=0.02****p=0.037*****p=0.001
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Discussion & ConclusionsNeighbourhoods of lower SES and those with a higher proportion of Aboriginal residents experienced higher prices for F/V.
There is a disproportionately high distribution of convenience stores in lower SES neighbourhoods, characterizing them as food swamps .
Findings confirm previous research that there are inequities experienced by the city’s Aboriginal population.
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Study Strengths and Limitations Strengths
All food stores were measured
First study in Saskatoon to measure in-store offerings
Provides a strong base upon which to compare Saskatoon with other Canadian cities
Limitations
Cross-sectional approach misses seasonal variation
Small sample size (n=24 grocery stores)
Limited array of F/V in NEMS-S
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References 1. Morland K, Filomena S. Disparities in the availability of fruits and vegetables between racially segregated urban
neighbourhoods. Public Health Nutrition 2007:10(12), 1481–14892. Kershaw T, Creighton T, Markham T, Marko J. Food access in Saskatoon. 2010: Saskatoon Health Region.3. Glanz K, Sallis JF, Saelens BE, Frank LD. Healthy nutrition environments: concepts and measures. Am J health Promot
2005; 19(5): 330-3334. Willliams LK, Thornton L, Ball K, Crawford D. Is the objective food environment associated with perceptions of the
food environment? Pub Health Nut. 2012; 15(2): 291-298.5. Kershaw T., Creighton T., Markham T., Marko J. (2010). Food access in Saskatoon. Saskatoon: Saskatoon Health Region.6. Egger G., Swinburn, B. An “ecological” approach to the obesity pandemic. BMJ, 1997;315: 477-4807. Larsen K, Gilliland J. Mapping the evolution of 'food deserts' in a Canadian city: Supermarket accessibility in London,
Ontario, 1961–2005. International Journal of Health Geographics 2008, 7:16.8. Pouliot N, Hamelin AM. Disparities in fruit and vegetable supply: A potential health concern in the greater Quebec
City area. Public Health Nutr 2009 Nov;12(11):2051-9. 9. Smoyer-Tomic KE, Spence JC, Amrhein C. Food Deserts in the Prairies? Supermarket Accessibility and Neighborhood
Need in Edmonton, Canada. The Professional Geographer 2006;58(3): 307-32610. Pampalon R, Hamel D, Gamache P, Raymond G. A deprivation index for health planning in Canada. Chronic Disease in
Canada. 2009; 29(4): 178-191.
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Thank you!FOR FURTHER INQUIRIES:[email protected]