a king returns to the throne chapter 21:ii charles ii accepted limits on his rule when he agreed to...
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A King Returns to the Throne
Chapter 21:ii
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Charles II accepted
limits on his rule when
he agreed to respect the
Magna Charta and the Petition
of Right.
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Parliament granted Charles II an income from taxes.
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Charles II urged toleration of all religions, even
though he secretly preferred
the Roman Catholic Church.
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Test Act of 1673
Any person
holding public
office must
belong to the
Anglican
Church.
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Five Mile Act
Ministers refusing to acknowledge Anglican orthodoxy could not go within five miles of towns where they had formerly preached.
London
5 miles
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In exchange for financial support from King Louis XIV of France,
Charles II secretly pledged to restore Roman
Catholicism in England.
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Under Charles II, England seized the Dutch colony of New
Netherland in North America.
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Whigs
• wanted to strengthen Parliament• tended to favour toleration of
Protestants• were fiercely anti-Catholic• tried to pass the Exclusion Act
barring James from becoming king
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Tories generally supported the king and the
Anglican Church.
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The Tories were able to defeat the Exclusion Act.
• would have barred James from being king
Exclusionary Act
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Writ of Habeas Corpus
Protects an
individual from
arbitrary arrest.
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A prisoner must be
arraigned before a
judge and informed of
the reason for their
detention.
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When James II inherited the English throne, he
ignored the Test Act and appointed
Catholics to important
government posts.
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Declaration of
Indulgence(1687)
Freedom for
all religions.
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A male heir was finally born to James in June of 1688.
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When Parliament learned that
James II planned to raise his male heir as a Roman
Catholic, it invited his oldest daughter Mary to take the English
throne.
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James II fled to France when his nephew, Prince
William of Orange, landed in England with
an army of 15,000 men.
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William and Mary signed a Bill of Rights protecting civil liberties.
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English Bill of Rights
Limitations on English monarchs:• cannot suspend any laws without
Parliament’s consent• must have Parliament’s approval
to raise taxes or maintain an army• had to summon Parliament
frequently
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English Bill of Rights(continued)
• guaranteed the right to a jury trial
• outlawed cruel and unusual punishment
• limited the amount of bail that could be imposed
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Act of
Toleration1689
Allowed
Protestants
freedom of
worship.
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In 1689, hoping to regain his
throne, James II
led a rebellion
in Ireland.
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William of Orange secured his hold on the English throne when he defeated James II in Ireland.
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James II fleeing Ireland after losing the Battle of the Boyne.
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Act of Settlement
(1701)
Only an Anglican
could inherit the
English throne.
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Parliament enforced harsh penalties on Irish Catholics to prevent future rebellions:
• could not buy or inherit land from Protestants
• could not be elected to the Irish Parliament
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Act of Union(1707)
Created Great Britain by joining the kingdoms
of England and Scotland.
Scotland
England
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James II’s other Protestant daughter Anne became Queen
of England after the deaths of William and
Mary.
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George I
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Sir Robert Walpole
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George II
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George III
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