A Growing A Growing EconomyEconomy

Chapter 7Chapter 7

Lesson 1Lesson 1

Developing IndustryDeveloping Industry Alabama had everything it needed to develop Alabama had everything it needed to develop

industry, or the production of goods. industry, or the production of goods. We had good raw materials, people to work We had good raw materials, people to work

in factories, people with good ideas, and in factories, people with good ideas, and money to start and run new businesses.money to start and run new businesses.

Alabama’s Three Main Alabama’s Three Main Raw MaterialsRaw Materials

CoalCoal

Iron OreIron Ore

LimestoneLimestone

Iron OreIron Ore Iron ore is a rock containing enough iron to Iron ore is a rock containing enough iron to

be mined for a profit. Alabama became the be mined for a profit. Alabama became the center of coal and iron production in the center of coal and iron production in the South.South.

Pig IronPig Iron Pig Iron is iron produced in a blast furnace Pig Iron is iron produced in a blast furnace

heated by powdered coal. heated by powdered coal. Levin Goodrich ran a company that Levin Goodrich ran a company that

produced pig iron.produced pig iron.

HenryHenry DeBardeleben DeBardeleben

Henry DeBardeleben started several coal Henry DeBardeleben started several coal and iron companies in Alabama.and iron companies in Alabama.

New TransportationNew Transportation Railroad construction began to boom in the 1880’s. Railroad construction began to boom in the 1880’s.

Many people wanted to travel by train too. Many people wanted to travel by train too. Railroads helped trade expand.Railroads helped trade expand.

Many companies built their own rail lines to Many companies built their own rail lines to transport their goods.transport their goods.

By 1900, Alabama was connected by rail lines. By 1900, Alabama was connected by rail lines. Alabama was also connected to other states by Alabama was also connected to other states by rail. Birmingham became Alabama’s transportation rail. Birmingham became Alabama’s transportation hubhub, or center., or center.

Imports and ExportsImports and Exports An An importimport is a good is a good brought intobrought into a a

country from another country.country from another country. An An exportexport is a good is a good sentsent to one country to one country

by another country.by another country. Pig iron was one of Alabama’s most Pig iron was one of Alabama’s most

important exports. Birmingham produced important exports. Birmingham produced 75% of all pig iron exports in the United 75% of all pig iron exports in the United States. States.

Cotton trade slowed down. Europe began Cotton trade slowed down. Europe began to buy more cotton from other countries to buy more cotton from other countries instead of Alabama. instead of Alabama.

New Cities and TownsNew Cities and Towns Industry caused the growth of Industry caused the growth of urban urban areas, areas,

or larger towns and cities, in Alabama.or larger towns and cities, in Alabama. Birmingham became Alabama’s second Birmingham became Alabama’s second

largest city.largest city. Coal, iron, and lumber companies built Coal, iron, and lumber companies built

towns for their workers. towns for their workers. Anniston was started by an iron company.Anniston was started by an iron company. Bessemer was founded by Henry Bessemer was founded by Henry

DeBardeleben as a center for steel DeBardeleben as a center for steel production.production.

A Growing A Growing EconomyEconomy

Chapter 7Chapter 7

Lesson 2Lesson 2

Ways of LifeWays of Life In the late 1800’s, industries and cities were In the late 1800’s, industries and cities were

growing.growing. Textile mills were growing.Textile mills were growing. Most men who were not working in factories or Most men who were not working in factories or

coal mines were working in business, banking, coal mines were working in business, banking, medicine, or law.medicine, or law.

Wealthy people owned mills, factories, and mines.Wealthy people owned mills, factories, and mines. Some women worked in factories or domestic jobs.Some women worked in factories or domestic jobs. Other women worked for Other women worked for reforms, or changereforms, or change. .

One example of reform is women’s right to vote.One example of reform is women’s right to vote. Most people still lived in rural areas.Most people still lived in rural areas.

EducationEducation By the late 1800’s more people were able to get an By the late 1800’s more people were able to get an

education.education. Public schools educated the people who couldn’t Public schools educated the people who couldn’t

afford private schools.afford private schools. Women were allowed to attend some all-male schools.Women were allowed to attend some all-male schools. The University of Alabama admitted women for the The University of Alabama admitted women for the

first time in 1893.first time in 1893. Women attended normal schools. Normal schools Women attended normal schools. Normal schools

trained elementary teachers.trained elementary teachers.

Education and CultureEducation and Culture Julia Tutwiler and Maria Fearing were two respected Julia Tutwiler and Maria Fearing were two respected

teachers.teachers. Students began attending the Agricultural and Students began attending the Agricultural and

Mechanical College of Alabama. This became Mechanical College of Alabama. This became Auburn University.Auburn University.

Booker T. Washington opened Tuskegee Normal Booker T. Washington opened Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute. It is now Tuskegee and Industrial Institute. It is now Tuskegee University. It was an African American College.University. It was an African American College.

Many other Alabamians contributed to art, music Many other Alabamians contributed to art, music and writing.and writing.

Julia Tutwiler was a famous teacher. She also wrote a poem that became our state song.

Race RelationsRace Relations Jim Crow laws Jim Crow laws segregated, or separatedsegregated, or separated, ,

people by race. people by race. Prejudice is the unfair dislike against a Prejudice is the unfair dislike against a

person. People in Alabama began be person. People in Alabama began be prejudice and segregate whites and blacks.prejudice and segregate whites and blacks.

Plessy v. Ferguson was a court case. The Plessy v. Ferguson was a court case. The Supreme Court ruled that whites and blacks Supreme Court ruled that whites and blacks could be segregated as long as it was could be segregated as long as it was “separate but equal.” Things were separate, “separate but equal.” Things were separate, but they were not equal.but they were not equal.

NAACPNAACP The National Association for the The National Association for the

Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was formed in 1905 by W.E.B. Du Bois. was formed in 1905 by W.E.B. Du Bois.

The NAACP has worked to end prejudice The NAACP has worked to end prejudice against African Americans in the United against African Americans in the United States.States.