a geological history of britain -...
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Week 31. Review of last week
2. Geo-nealogy
3. The Precambrian of England & Wales– - Charnwood case study
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Precambrian-Cambrian geological history of Scotland
JNCC ref:http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/pdf/V34Chap1.pdf
Last week
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Terranes
crustal blocks or fragments preserving a geological history distinct from adjacent areas, and usually bounded by faults
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Fault types
e.g.MOINE
THRUST
e.g.GREAT GLEN
FAULT
e.g.HIGHLANDBOUNDARY
FAULT
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Geo-nealogy
WHERE
WERE
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Precambrian of England & Wales
Scotland – Archaean & Proterozoic;Eng & Wales – Neoproterozoic only
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Palaeogeography
Late Neoprotero-zoic positions of Avalonia and Laurentia
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Avalonia
Colony of Avalon, NL
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Precambrian of England & Wales
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Two Major Terranes
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1. Monian Terrane
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A three-part terrane
Coedana, Aethwy and Monian
(Ynys Môn = Monian)
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Coedana Complex1800-1200 Ma – continental protolith
Metamorphism ~666 Ma = gneisses
615 Ma – intrusion of granite
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Aethwy625-570 Ma – oceanic protolith turned to
schists
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Monian Supergroup
600-500 Ma – deposition of sedimentsSouth Stack Group
New Harbour Group
Gwna Group
But in which order were they laid down?
Recent work (re-)overturns the layers!
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A Pacific perspective
Anglesey as a Japan-type subduction complex
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Where and what is the Gwna Melange?
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Gwna Melange
Olistostrome
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New Harbour Group
Near Holyhead
Metamorph-osed muddy turbidites
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South Stack Group
Sandier turbidites
Now thought to be Cambrian (~500 Ma)
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2. Avalon Terrane
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Cymru
North:
Sarn plutonics
Arfon tuffs
Ash flow tuffs with silica-rich nodules, Llyn Padarn
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Cymru
South:
Pebidian volcaniclastics
Pembrokeshire
Vertically tilted volcanic ash beds, St Non's Bay
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WrekinMalvern
1600 Ma protolith
1100 Ma plutons
700 Ma metamorphism
Uriconian~570 Ma
volcanics
Longmyndian~570 Ma seds
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Charnwood
Charnian Supergroup:
Lower:
Pyroclastic flow-dominated
Upper:
Marine-fluvial sediments
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Charnwood in detail
When Leicestershire
was like Montserrat
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Charnwood in detail
Guide to the geology of Bradgate Park:
nora.nerc.ac.uk/11705/1/Bradgate_Guide_JNC2010.pdf
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Next week
Old Lost Sea: Tales from the Iapetus Ocean
Q. What is a Wilson Cycle?
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Links
The Neoproterozoic of England and Wales:http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/page10471.html
Precambrian rocks of England and Wales:http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-2749
Charnia @ 50:http://madliam.blogspot.co.uk/2007/03/charnia-50.html