a framework for resilient design: lessons and examples from new orleans and beyond

A Framework for Resilient Design: Lessons and Examples from New Orleans and BeyondPresentation for the Army Corp of EngineersDate: May 3rd 2016Presenters: Mark Ripple, Principal, FAIA, LEED AP BD+C

Eskew + Dumez + Ripple

A FRAMEWORK FOR RESILIENT DESIGN | Eskew+Dumez+Ripple Fort Leonard Wood Presentation

AIA FIRM OF THE YEAR RECIPIENTSEskew + Dumez + Ripple 2014 Recipient


WORKING WITH NATURECity Planning – New Orleans 1798


WORKING WITH NATUREVernacular Architecture Precedents


WORKING WITH NATURECity Planning – New Orleans 1841 vs 1880


WORKING WITH NATUREAudubon Park Lagoons – Cut and Fill


WORKING WITH NATUREIngenuity


“HARNESSING” NATURE20TH Century Technological Advancements

BALDWIN WOOD PUMP

Mississippi River Channelization

New Orleans Flood Walls


THE CONDITIONCross Section of the City’s Relationship to the River


FAULTY ASSUMPTIONSBlindspots


FAULTY ASSUMPTIONSBlindspots

1. Nature will cooperate.2. Manmade systems can be

failsafe.3. We are addressing a static

condition.


CHANGING TIMESClimate Risk is Not a Static Condition


WORKING WITH NATURECity Planning – New Orleans 1841 vs 1880


WORKING WITH NATUREIngenuity


SOCIAL OUTCRY“You’re stupid! You should have moved out!”


A CHANGING CONVERSATIONNot Just Isolated to New Orleans



Projected 100-year storm in 2050

Preparing for the Rising TideBoston Harbor Association



Michael Langenstein

Swimmer of LibertyCollage - 1977


TAKING THIS APPROACH TO RESILIENCE NATIONALEach Threat is Different, but the Themes are the Same


THINKING ABOUT INFRASTRUCTUREMonotechnic Infrastructure

TECHNOLOGY

“The problem with infrastructure is that it only does one thing…”

- Marion Weiss, “Public Natures: Evolutionary Infrastructures”


THINKING ABOUT INFRASTRUCTUREPolytechnic Infrastructure

TECHNOLOGY

CULTURE

ENVIRONMENT HISTORY


COMMUNITY

THINKING ABOUT INFRASTRUCTURECommunity Infrastructure

TECHNOLOGY

CULTURE

ENVIRONMENT HISTORY


THINKING ABOUT INFRASTRUCTURE


A COMMITMENT TO RESEARCHEskew + Dumez + Ripple Research Fellowship

2012-2013BUILDING PERFORMANCE

2013-2014RESILIENCE

2014-2015COMMUNITYENGAGEMENT

2015-2016HEALTH IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT

COINCIDENT WITH THE 2011 NCARB PRIZE

2016-2017A CIVILLANDSCAPE

?


COMMUNITY IS KEYChicago Heat Wave Example


SCALES AND THEMES OF RESILIENCEBuilding Scale Themes


THE CYCLE OF RECOVERYUnderstanding the Process of Recovery


THE CYCLE OF RECOVERYArmy Corp Operations

Search and rescue, food/water provision, medical aid, clearing streets of rubble

Short-term construction fixes (“Tarping,” housing, etc.), providing emergency electrical power

Initial rebuilding of emergency infrastructure like flood walls, long term infrastructure construction, rebuilding of schools/hospitals/clinics


COMMUNITY CONNECTIONS + PRESERVATIONGathering Places Matter


Eskew+Dumez+Ripple


CRITICAL RESOURCES + COMMUNITY ASSETSTo Come Back, We Need Homes + Jobs + Schools


HOMESJOBS

SCHOOLS


CRITICAL RESOURCE: PUBLIC SAFETY BUILDING

Learning from the World Trade Center Attacks

• After the WTC attacks, the NYC Office of Emergency Management had to abandon its offices at 7 WTC due to risk of collapse

Public Safety Building in Salt Lake City, UT• Housed police and fire departments,

Emergency 911 dispatch, and the City’s primary data center

• Designed to withstand 7.5 Richter scale seismic event

• Critical facility sustained operations during power outages

• 350 kW rooftop solar power array, solar thermal hot water

• 35 kW PV canopy is public device charging station


HANCOCK COUNTY EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER Case Study

• Shelters are curved to direct wind over and around their form,

• in case of power failure there are failsafe generators and armoured louvers open

• Naturally ventilated for periods of no power


HANCOCK COUNTY EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER Case Study

• Designed to be an indoor sports court when it isn’t need for sheltering


EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESSExpect the Unexpected


NEW ORLEANS EAST HOSPITAL RENOVATIONEvacuation vs. Shelter-in-Place

Manning Architects | Eskew+Dumez+Ripple, A Joint Venture

New Orleans East New Orleans VA Hospital


NOLA EAST HOSPITAL MATRIXResilience Planning in Action

• Example: Short-term Power Failures, Utility Issues, etc.

• Solution: System Redundancy

Level 1 Short-term Event(0-24 Hours)

• Example: Mandatory hurricane evacuation but “near miss”

• Solution: System Redundancy & Space Capacity

Level 2 Medium-term Event(24-72 Hours)

• Example: Another Katrina-type Event• Solution: Provide facilities to support an “orderly

evacuation and shutdown” over a specific period

Level 3 Long-term Event( > 72 Hours)

• Provide long-term “defend in place” systems• Prepare for possibility of “Refuge of Last Resort”

Level 4 Long-term Event /Defend in Place( > 72 Hours)


NEW ORLEANS EAST HOSPITAL RENOVATIONHeight Evaluations


SITE RESPONSESites Protect Buildings


NEW ORLEANS BIOINNOVATION CENTERCase Study


KELLER LIBRARY AND COMMUNITY CENTERCase Study

Rosa F. Keller Library and Community Center I Eskew+Dumez+Ripple


L.B. LANDRY HIGH SCHOOLCase Study

Eskew+Dumez+Ripple


CRAWFISH AQUATICSCase Study


SITE RESPONSE - DROUGHT AND RESILIENCYWater Cisterns In Dilapidated City Park, Los Angeles County

• Capacity to capture 8000 acre feet of water each year in underground cisterns for later use (that is twice the entire city's consumption per year).

• Solves flooding problem, creates source of fresh water for residents, gives the city a new park with ball fields and picnic grounds, raises property values on adjacent properties.

• Effort initiated by TreePeople


DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTIONBalance Beauty and Brawn


VETERANS AFFAIRS REPLACEMENT MEDICAL CENTERCase Study


Research Facility

Eskew+Dumez+Ripple, Joint Venture Architect


SYSTEM EFFICIENCY + REDUNDANCYDefense in Depth


SPCAPHASE 1

SPCA PHASE 2


LOUISIANA SPCA RESCUE AND CARE CENTERCase Study


CROSS VENTILATIONGood for Air Quality and Emergencies


EFFICIENCY – REDUNDANCY – BACKUP POWERSynergies


PASSIVE SURVIVABILITYKey for Shelter in Place, Defend in Place

http://urbangreencouncil.org/babyitscoldinside


LEED RESILIENCE PILOT CREDITThermal Resilience


LEED RESILIENCE PILOT CREDITThermal Resilience

Multifamily Example Winter Requirements:

• one-week period during the winter peak

• Uses Standard Effective Temperature (SET), takes into account Temp, RH, and Radiant Temp

• Temps may not drop below 54 deg F SET for more than 9 degree days (216 deg F degree hours)


OPERATIONSKeep In Touch


N > 1 RESILIENCEResilience Happens at the Neighborhood Scale

N=1 N>1


COMMUNITY RESILIENCYThrough Design of Energy, Technology, and Communications Microgrids


MICROGRIDSProvide Integrative Framework


MICROGRIDSNot Just for Campuses Anymore

STAMFORD’S GOVERNMENT CENTER

CLINTON MANOR

POST HOUSE

CHP LOCATION


EASTERN WATER WALK & MIRABEAU WATER GARDENNew Orleans, LA

Waggonner & Ball Architects


A DYNAMIC CONDITIONWetlands Erosion


LIVING WITH WATEREncroachment


RETHINKING INFRASTRUCTUREConnectivity


GREEN INFRASTRUCTURENew Orleans Major Parkways


LIST OF RESOURCES• Resilient Design Institute (www.resilientdesign.org)• The New Orleans Principles, U.S. Green Building Council (planning charrette)• Building Resiliency Task Force reports, Urban Green Council, New York City, • Resilience: Why Things Bounce Back by Andrew Zolli, Simon & Schuster, 2013• The Resilience Dividend: Being Strong in a World Where Things Go Wrong by Judith Rodin, PublicAffairs, 2014• "Passive Survivability: A New Design Criterion for Buildings" in Environmental Building News, May 2006. • Two Degrees: The Built Environment and out Changing Climate by Alisdair McGregor, et. al., Routledge, 2012• Resilient Design Guide, Federal Alliance for Safe Homes, 2014• Technical Bulletin series from FEMA (wide range of bulletins on flood resilience and other issues)• A Framework for Resilient Design, Eskew+Dumez+Ripple, 2014 • Building Resilience in Boston: Best Practices for Climate change Adaptation and Resilience for Existing

Buildings, prepared by Linnean Institute, the Built Environment Coalition, and the Resilient Design Institute• High Wind Wood Frame Construction Edition, Resilient Design Guide, Flash• Climate Change Impacts in the United States, US National Climate Assessment, US Global Change Research

Program• Policy by Design, Promoting Resilience in Policy and Practice, Rebuild by Design, June 2014• Design for Flooding: Architecture, Landscape, and Urban Design for Resilience to Climate Change , Donald

Watson and Michele Adams (SBC Global)• US Green Building Council on resiliency: http://www.usgbc.org/advocacy/priorities/resiliency • USGBC Green Building and Climate Resilience Design Guide:

http://www.usgbc.org/Docs/Archive/General/Docs18496.pdf • IDEA (International District Energy Assn), Community Energy: Planning, Development & Delivery• NY CPC “Retrofitting Buildings for Flood Risk” and “Designing for Flood Risk