a dummy's guide to safe winch launching cape gliding club
TRANSCRIPT
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A Dummy's Guide to Safe Winch Launching
Cape Gliding Club
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Safety on the Ground
➲ Safety at the launch point➲ Safety at the landing area➲ Safety at the winch
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Launch point – prior to launch
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Launch point: during launch
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Landing Area
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Landing Area: touchdown
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Safety at the Winch
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Safety Through Equipment
➲ Critical equipment should be manufactured and maintained to aircraft standards.
➲ Safety critical items (from the glider to the winch)
Release Rings “Snake” Weak link set Guillotine
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Release
➲ Tension load with winching is much higher than with aerotow – (similar to all up mass of the glider).
➲ Must hold tension.➲ Must release reliably, without excessive
operational force – even when under high tension.
➲ Back release must hold until the correct angle is achieved – even under high tension.
➲ Hand tests cannot simulate actual operation conditions.
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Rings
➲ Must not be cracked.➲ Must not be distorted.➲ Dimension and shape of small ring critical in
ensuring correct operation of release.➲ If overloaded the large ring will distort
before the small one.➲ “Welded” rings work for aerotow but not for
winching. We must use imported forged rings (Don't loose them - 28 Euro's per set).
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Snake (or “strop”)
➲ Must be stiff so that it cannot get hooked up in the main wheel or elsewhere on glider.
➲ Must long so that the glider will not fly into the chute after a cable break.
➲ Must be light: Prevent damage when snake springs into glider
after weak link break. Should not fall into and upset cable chute after
release.➲ Different countries use different designs.
(Thick rope, weak links mid way down strop)
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Weak links
➲ Coded by color and number #1 Black (DG 500 22m) #2 Brown (Twin Astir, flown dual) #3 Red (ASK13) #4 Blue (LS3, LS4, ASW20) #5 White (Standard Cirrus, Single Astir)
➲ Check glider flight manual for correct weak link and maximum winch launch speed.
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Weak links (continued)
➲ Main link has round holes, always takes load
➲ Reserve link has slotted holes, is only loaded after main link has failed. (Optional)
➲ Main and reserve have different center holes.
➲ NEVER fit two main, or two reserve links at the same time, this will double the breaking load.
➲ Weak link protector has a slot and a hole. Install with slot facing glider – protector must stay with the cable.
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Guillotine
➲ Must work when needed: Proven design. Quality manufacture. Properly maintained. Regularly tested.
➲ Keep cable cutter at hand in winch during launching as emergency backup.
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Safety in the Air4 Key Aspects to Safe Winch
Launching
➲ Wing drop during ground run➲ Rotation➲ Launch profile➲ Emergencies
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Wing Drop During Ground Run“The Cartwheel Accident”
➲ HOLD the release (but don't pull it) during launch.
➲ If the wing touches the ground RELEASE IMEDIATELY.
➲ Procedure: Complete all checks and radio call before
accepting cable. Keep your hand on the release after hook up. No hand signals – wing runner is in control of
launch.
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Six Seconds to Near Disaster
➲ From and article in Sailplane and Gliding.➲ Lasham Gliding Society, UK.➲ Instructor was wearing gloves and hand
slipped off release.➲ Take note where the glider comes to rest.➲ Take note of the traffic cone (defines “start
line”).
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Why hold the release instead of keeping your hand near it ?
➲ Photos taken from a report on the investigation of a fatal “wing drop” cartwheel accident.
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ASW 20: (Release on Left)
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Position of stick and release with full left aileron (to correct right wing down).
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Can you locate and operate release with left hand while holding stick in this position
with right hand?
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Another Launch
➲ Clap your left leg when you think it is time to release.
➲ Instructors: How much time do you give your pupil before you release?
➲ Note how far the glider moves off the center line of the runway.
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Correct Rotation(Avoiding a snap stall)
➲ Rotation during launch is similar to an aerobatic pull-up maneuver – like an entry into a loop. (A loop can pull 4 G's)
➲ Typical Stalling speed: Level Flight 65 km/h While pulling 2G's, 92 km/h
➲ Rotation must be limited to a nominal “7 degrees per second” to ensure excessive G's not pulled.
➲ 5 seconds from beginning to end of rotation.
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Typical winch launch profile
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➲ Do not “force” the glider to take off.➲ Do not rotate too soon.➲ Do not rotate too rapidly.➲ Ensure you can recover safely from any
point on the winch launch.
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Emergency Procedure in Event of a Cable Break:
➲ Lower the nose – to the attitude you would use for a landing approach from your current position
➲ Release the (remaining) cable.➲ Wait for the airspeed to recover – check
your ASI. ➲ Do not use controls (aileron, rudder or
airbrakes) before you have recoverd flying speed.
➲ If you have enough runway to land ahead then land ahead.
➲ Otherwise make and execute another plan.
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Doing it Right
➲ From the Water Front in Cape Town➲ To above Lion's Head➲ In about 45 seconds.
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