web viewdaily session guide in agricultural crop production. session title: safety measures and...

Republic of the PhilippinesDepartment of Education

REGION IIIDIVISION OF BATAAN

City of Balanga

Kto12 Technology and Livelihood EducationDaily Session Guides in

AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION

SESSION TITLE: KINDS OF FARM TOOLS ________________ DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Identify and classify the different kinds of farm tools

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:LCD ProjectorLaptopDigital Pictures

III. PRELIMINARIES:1. Daily routine 2. Answer Pre - Test

a. Prayerb. Checking of attendancec. Energizerd. Word for the day

IV. ACTIVITY:1. Have the students arrange the following letters to form a word.

F R M A E Q U M P E I N T– farm equipmentF R M A I P M E L M E T S N– farm implementsF R M A T L O O S– farm toolsP E R V N E T I E V M A I T E N N A C E N – preventive maintenanceR P E A I R – repair

2. Have the students identify the different kinds of farm tools( in LCD Projector)

3. Group Activitya. Divide the class into 5 (brainstorming)b. Classify the different kinds of farm tools

V. ANALYSIS:1. What are the different kinds of farm tools?2. How many farm tools shown in the LCD Projector?3. What are the classification of farm tools?

STANDARD GUIDE QUESTIONS1. How did you find the activities?2. What insights have you gained from the activity?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, discuss the different kinds of farm tools.2. What are the different kinds of farm tools?3. What are the classifications of farm tools?4. Why do we need to know the different kinds of farm tools?

VII. APPLICATION:

Identify and classify the different kinds of farm tools. (2points each)

1. 2. 3.

4. 5.

Daily Session Guide in AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION

SESSION TITLE: FUNCTION OF FARM TOOLS ACCORDING TO JOB REQUIREMENTS

DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Discuss the used or functions of farm tools according to job requirements.

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Strips of cartolinaFlashcardsPictures

III. PRELIMINARIES:1. Daily routine 2. Review of the past lesson


IV. ACTIVITY:1. MATCHING TYPE

Pruning shears a–used for hauling trash, manures, fertilizers and planting materials

Axe b– used for cutting tall grasses and weedsPick Mattock c–used for digging canals and breaking hard topsoil Bolo d-used for cutting bigger size postWheel barrow e –used for cutting branches of planting materials

2. Have the students give the used or functions of the farm tools

3. Group Activitya. Divide the class into 5b. Ask them to give the used or functions of the specific farm tools that the teacher

will show.

V. ANALYSIS:1. What are the uses or functions of the different farm tools?2. Why it is important to know the uses or functions of the different farm tools?


VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, discuss the uses or functions of farm tools.2. Is there any difference on the uses or functions of farm tools?3. Why do we need to know the uses or functions of farm tools?

VII. APPLICATION:Give the uses or functions of the following farm tools. (2points each)

1. Wheel barrow2. Pick Mattock3. Pruning shears4. Axe5. Bolo


SESSION TITLE: PROPER WAY OF USING FARM TOOLS DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Demonstrate proper way of using farm tools

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Actual farm toolsCartolina



IV. ACTIVITY:1. The students will demonstrate the use of farm tools.

2. Have the students answer the questions that will give by the teacher about using farm tools.(questions written on a cartolina)

V. ANALYSIS:1. What farm tools did you use?2. What is the proper way of using farm tools?3. How do you feel while doing the activities?


VI. ABSTRACTION:1. The teacher will demonstrate the proper way of using farm tools.2. Tell the students the importance of knowing the proper way of using farm tools.3. Observe properly the correct way of using farm tools.4. Why do we need to know the proper way of using farm tools?

VII. APPLICATION: The teacher will give one farm tools, the students will demonstrate the proper way of using tools. (Proper use of shovel)

Student will be rate with the use of rubrics.


SESSION TITLE: SAFETY PRACTICES IN USING FARM TOOLS DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Discuss the safety practices in using farm tools

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Pictures



IV. ACTIVITY:1. Have the students read and analyze the statement. Write TRUE if the statement is

correct and FALSE if it is wrong.2. Have the students tell the safety practices through the pictures that will show by

the teacher.3. Have the students answer the questions that will give by the teacher about safety

practices in using farm tools.(questions written on a cartolina)

V. ANALYSIS:1. What are the safety practices in using farm tools?2. What is the significance of knowing the safety practices in using farm tools?3. Why do you need to follow the safety practices in using farm tools?


VI. ABSTRACTION:1. The teacher will show the safety practices in using farm tools.2. Tell the students the importance of knowing the safety practices in using farm

tools.3. Observe carefully the safety practices in using farm tools.4. Why do we need to follow the safety practices in using farm tools

VII. APPLICATION: 1. Enumerate five (5) safety practices in using farm tools.

2. Essay.What is the importance of knowing the safety practices in using farm tools?


SESSION TITLE: KINDS OF FARM TOOLS DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Identify the different farm equipment

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:LCD ProjectorLaptopDigital Pictures



IV. ACTIVITY:

1. Have the students arrange the following letters to form a word. H N A D T A R C T R O– hand tractor W T A E R P U P M S– water pumps F U O R W E E H L T A R C T R O – four wheel tractor

G R S S A C U R T T E – grass cutter M L L I E R– miller

2. Have the students identify the different farm equipment( in LCD Projector)

3. Group Activitya. Divide the class into 5 (brainstorming)b. Give the different farm equipment

V. ANALYSIS:

1. What are the different farm equipment?2. How many farm equipment shown in the LCD Projector?


VI. ABSTRACTION:

1. Using the students answers, discuss the different farm equipment.2. What are the different farm equipment?3. Why do we need to know the different farm equipment?

VII. APPLICATION:

Identify the different farm tools. (2points each)

1. 2. 3.

4. 5.


SESSION TITLE: PARTS AND FUNCTIONS OF FARM EQUIPMENT DATE: ___________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Familiarize with the different parts and functions of farm equipment.

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Strips of cartolinaFlashcardsPictures



IV. ACTIVITY:1. MATCHING TYPE Match the farm equipment with their parts. Have the students give the parts and functions of the farm equipment.

2. Group Activitya. Divide the class into 5b. Ask them to give the parts and functions of the specific farm equipment that the

teacher will show.

V. ANALYSIS:1. What are the parts and functions of the different farm equipment?2. Why it is important to know the parts and functions of the different farm equipment?


VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, discuss the parts and functions of farm equipment.2. Is there any difference on the parts and functions of farm equipment?3. Why do we need to know the parts and functions of farm equipment?

VII. APPLICATION: Give the parts and functions of the following farm equipment. (2points each)

1. Hand Tractor2. Water Pumps3. Grass cutter4. Miller5. Four Wheel Tractor


SESSION TITLE: USE OF DIFFERENT FARM EQUIPMENT DATE: ___________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Demonstrate how to use the different farm equipment according to their function

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:LCD ProjectorLaptopDigital pictures



IV. ACTIVITY:

1. The students will demonstrate the use of farm equipment according to their function

2. Have the students answer the questions that will give by the teacher about using farm equipment(Questions written on a cartolina)

V. ANALYSIS:

1. What farm equipment did you use?2. What is the proper way of using farm equipment?3. How do you feel while doing the activities?

STANDARD GUIDE QUESTIONS

1. How did you find the activities?2. What insights have you gained from the activity?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. The teacher will demonstrate the proper way of using farm equipment.2. Tell the students the importance of knowing the proper way of using farm

equipment.3. Observe properly the correct way of using farm equipment.4. Why do we need to know the proper way of using farm equipment?

VII. APPLICATION: The teacher will give one farm equipment, the students will demonstrate the proper way of using the equipment.

RUBRICS:


SESSION TITLE:

SAFETY MEASURES AND PRACTICES IN CLEANING AND STORING OF FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

DATE: ___________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Discuss the safety measures and practices in cleaning and storing of the farm tools and equipment.

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:LCD ProjectorLaptopDigital pictures



IV. ACTIVITY:1. Have the students read and analyze the statement about safety measures and

practices in cleaning and storing of the farm tools and equipment. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is wrong.

2. Have the students tell the safety practices through the pictures that will show by the teacher.

3. Have the students answer the questions that will give by the teacher about safety measures and practices in cleaning and storing of the farm tools and equipment.(Questions written on a cartolina)

V. ANALYSIS:1. What are the safety measures and practices in cleaning and storing farm tools and equipment?2. What is the significance of knowing the safety measures and practices in cleaning and storing of the farm tools and equipment?3. Why do you need to follow the safety measures and practices in cleaning and storing farm tools and equipment?


VI. ABSTRACTION:1. The teacher will show the safety measures and practices in cleaning and storing of

the farm tools and equipment.2. Tell the students the importance of knowing the safety measures and practices in

cleaning and storing farm tools and equipment.3. Observe carefully the safety measures and practices in cleaning and storing farm

tools and equipment.

4. Why do we need to follow the safety measures and practices in cleaning and storing farm tools and equipment?

VII. APPLICATION: 1. Enumerate five (5) safety measures and practices in cleaning and storing farm tools

and equipment.

2. Essay.What is the importance of knowing the safety measures and practices in cleaning and storing farm tools and equipment?


SESSION TITLE: PROPER WAY OF CLEANING FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT DATE: ________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Demonstrate proper way of cleaning and storing of the farm tools and equipment.

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Actual farm tools and equipmentCleaning materials



IV. ACTIVITY:1. Have the students perform the proper way of cleaning and storing of the different

farm tools and equipment.(Teacher will take note the improper way of cleaning done by the students)

2. Have the students answer the questions that will give by the teacher about proper way of cleaning and storing of the farm tools and equipment. (Questions written on a cartolina)

V. ANALYSIS:1. What are the proper way of cleaning and storing farm tools and equipment?2. What is the significance of knowing the proper way of cleaning and storing of the farm tools and equipment?3. Why do you need to follow the proper way of cleaning and storing farm tools and equipment?


VI. ABSTRACTION:1. The teacher will show the proper way of cleaning and storing of the farm tools and

equipment.2. Tell the students the importance of knowing the proper way of cleaning and storing

farm tools and equipment.3. Observe carefully the proper way of cleaning and storing farm tools and

equipment.4. Why do we need to follow the proper way of cleaning and storing farm tools and

equipment?

VII. APPLICATION:

1. The teacher will show one farm tools and one farm equipment the students will show the proper way of cleaning and storing the specific farm tools and equipment shown by the teacher.


SESSION TITLE: ROUTINE CHECK UP AND MAINTENANCE TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

DATE: ______________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Perform the routine check-up and maintenance of the tools and equipment.

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:LCD ProjectorLaptopActual tools and equipment



IV. ACTIVITY:1. Have the students perform the routine check-up and maintenance of the tools and

equipment.2. Have the students answer the questions that will give by the teacher about the

routine check-up and maintenance of the tools and equipment. (Questions written on a cartolina

V. ANALYSIS:1. What are the routine check-up and maintenance of the tools and equipment?2. What is the significance of knowing the routine check-up and maintenance of the tools and equipment?3. Why do you need to perform the routine check-up and maintenance of the tools and equipment?


VI. ABSTRACTION:

1. The teacher will show the routine check-up and maintenance of the tools and equipment.

2. Tell the students the importance of knowing the routine check-up and maintenance of the tools and equipment.

3. Observe carefully the routine check-up and maintenance of the tools and equipment.

4. Why do we need to perform the routine check-up and maintenance of the tools and equipment?

V. APPLICATION:

1. Have the students perform the routine check-up and maintenance of the tools and equipment.(Assess the students’ performance using rubrics.)


SESSION TITLE: KINDS OF FARM INPUTS AND FARM LABOR REQUIREMENTS

DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Identify and classify different kinds of farm inputs and farm labor requirements.

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:LCD Projector, Laptop, Digital Pictures of Farm Inputs and Farm Labor Requirement, pentel pen, manila paper, tape

III. PRELIMINARIES:1. Daily Routine

a. Prayerb. Checking of attendancec. Energizerd. Word of the day

2. Pre-Test

IV. ACTIVITY:1. Have the students arranged the puzzle pictures and reveal the word.

2. Have the students identify the different kinds of farm inputs and farm labor requirement in the projector screen.

3. Group Activitya. Divide class into 5 (Brainstorming)b. Provide students with pen and manila paper.

V. ANALYSIS:1. How many farm inputs and farm labor requirements can be seen in the screen?2. What are use of the different farm inputs and farm labor requirements?3. Are these farm inputs can be seen in the community?4. Are there farm inputs and farm labor requirements that has not been cited?

Standard Guide Question:1. How did you find the activity?2. What insights have you gained from the activity?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, discuss the different kinds of farm inputs and farm labor

requirements.2. What are the different farm inputs and farm labor requirements?3. Why do we need to know the different kinds farm inputs and farm labor requirements?

VII. APPLICATION: Direction: Enumerate answers to the following:

Give at least (3) examples of farm inputs1. _______________________________________________________________________2. _______________________________________________________________________3. _______________________________________________________________________

Enumerate at least two (2) farm activities that requires labor force4. _______________________________________________________________________5. _______________________________________________________________________

VIII. ASSIGNMENT

Answer Activity Sheet 1.1 on pg. 37 of Learning Module.


SESSION TITLE: ESTIMATING FARM INPUTS AND FARM LABOR REQUIREMENTS

DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Estimates farm inputs and farm labor requirements.

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Calculator, white board marker, pen and paper



IV. ACTIVITY:1. Have the students finalize the data gathered on the assignment survey .2. Individual Activity

a. Let the students present the data in tabular form

V. ANALYSIS:1. Based on the data gathered: Give the answer on the following:

a. Areab. Cropc. Age of cropd. Quantity of planting materials (in kgs)e. Number of workers prepared the landf. Number of days consumed in preparing the areag. Amount of salary given to each worker during land preparationh. Number of worker planted the areai. Number of days consumed in planting the areaj. Amount of salary paid in planting the areak. Number of worker fertilized the area from planting up to the date of this survey.l. Quantity of fertilizer used from planting up to the date where survey was madem. Amount of salary paid in applying fertilizer from planting to the date of this surveyn. Quantity of fertilizer to be used after the survey until harvestingo. Number of workers required to perform fertilization after the survey until final harvestingp. Amount of salary needed for fertilizer application after this survey until harvestingq. Estimated irrigation expenses from planting up to harvestingr. Estimated worker hired to perform irrigation from planting to harvesting.s. Estimated days for spraying insecticides

t. Estimated workers needed for spraying insecticidesu. Estimated cost of insecticide used in sprayingv. Workers salary during spraying of insecticidesw. Estimated number of weeding operationx. Estimated worker needed in weedingy. Workers salary during weedingz. Estimated worker employ during harvesting

Standard Guide Question:1. How did you find the activity?2. What insights have you gained from the activity?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, give the importance of estimating farm inputs and

farm labor requirements?2. Why do we need to estimate farm inputs and farm labor requirements?

VII. APPLICATION: With performing the activity it is important to assess student’s performance following the criteria below (5points each if criteria is met)

Required measuring tool is used in measuring the area. The data gathered is consistent. The respondent answers the question carefully. Data are presented in tabular form


SESSION TITLE: FARM PLAN AND BUDGET DATE: ________________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Prepare farm plan and budget

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Calculator, paper and pen, pentel pen, cartolina, lcd projector, digital pictures, references



IV. ACTIVITY:1. Have the students arranged the following letters to form a word.

LANP - PLANRFAM - FARMGDTEBU - BUDGET

2. Provide students with photocopy of the lesson 3. Reading Activity: Ask the students to read the handouts.

V. ANALYSIS:1. What is a business plan?2. What are the characteristics of a good business plan?3. What are the parts of a business plan?4. What are the points to be check in preparation of a budget?5. What insights have you gained from the topic?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, discuss the meaning of a business plan and its

characteristics.2. Enumerate the parts of a business plan.

VII. APPLICATION: Direction: Write the correct answer on the space provided.__________1. Is a roadmap for your small farm. It is both process and product.__________2. In this section it explains of what you have right now.__________3. These are the specific, measurable “things” you will achieve with your small

farm.__________4. This is where your business plan gets to looking forward.__________5. In this section you will need to detail the financial aspect of your farming

operation

Assignment:Prepare a simple farm plan.

FARM PLANNING

Writing a farm business plan can be a tool for you to plan your farming business. Sometimes it's also a requirement of securing grants and loans for your farm business. The process of writing a farm business plan may seem overwhelming and intimidating at first, but if you break it down into its component steps, it becomes much more manageable.

What Is a Business Plan?

A business plan is a roadmap for your small farm. It is both process and product. During the writing of a farm business plan, you'll develop an overall vision and mission for your business. You will think about your short- and long-term goals. You'll define the steps needed to achieve those goals. And you'll set the direction for your business to develop over the next five years. If you're already an established business, your new business plan will show where you're going next. A good business plan should be:

Realistic Simple Specific Complete

Mission Statement

Your farm’s mission statement is your overarching purpose for your business. Why does your farm exist? What purpose does your farm serve? Where is your farm headed? This is beyond “make money.” This mission statement is based on your values and your core identity as a small farm.

Goals

The goals in your business plan are the specific, measurable “things” you will achieve with your small farm. Short-term goals are defined as those that you will complete within one year. Long-term goals are those that take longer than one year to complete.

SMART Goals are:

Specific Measurable Attainable Rewarding, and have a Timeline

Background Information

In this section of your business plan, take inventory of what you have right now. Where are you located? How many acres of land are you farming? When did you begin farming? How are you currently operating? What general practices do you use for such things as conservation, tillage, environmental impact, and marketing?

Farm Strategy

This is where your business plan gets to looking forward. You are going to formulate your farm strategy from now into the next five years or so.

1. Gather information and research markets. Make sure that your farm plan fits into the general market in terms of supply and demand. Investigate and analyze industry trends, identify competitors, and define buyers.

2. SWOT Analysis. This is an analytical tool that can be used in making decisions. SWOT stands for: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. As a business, analyze your internal strengths and weaknesses. Then look externally at what opportunities and threats exist - competitors, new markets, government regulations, economic conditions, and so forth.

3. Create alternative strategies. Looking at the information you've gleaned and the analysis you just did, think through options for your farm strategy. Don't rely on price alone: economies of scale are challenging on the small farm level. Don't jump to one conclusion immediately. Really spend some time fleshing out the specifics of some of the strategies and looking at their advantages and disadvantages. Try to find options that combine your internal strengths with opportunities in the external environment.

4. Look at all your strategies, then reread your mission statement. The ideal farm plan will fit your mission best.

5. Write an implementation plan. This is where you write the plan that will make your new strategy happen.

Marketing Strategy and Plan

In the next part of your farm business plan, you develop and outline a marketing strategy for your products and services. This can build on the research you did in the previous step. For each product, include price, placement and promotion ideas. Consider how you will convey real and perceived value to your customers.

Management Summary

This part of your business plan details your farm business’ structure. Everyone who is involved in the management of the business should be listed here. External resources are listed here as well.

Financial Analysis

In this section you will need to detail the financial aspect of your farming operation. List your current finances in detail, including all income and operating expenses. Referring to your new strategy, you will forecast what is needed for future growth and to meet the goals you have outlined in terms of capital. Also include what your future operating expenses will be.


SESSION TITLE: FINANCIAL STATEMENT, CASH FLOW, BUDGET AND RETURN INVESTMENT

DATE: ________________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Prepare farm plan and budget

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Calculator, paper and pen, references



IV. ACTIVITY:1. Have the students complete the missing letter

I __ V __ __ T __ E N __ INVESTMENT__ A __ H F __ O W CASH FLOWF __ N __ N __ __ __ L FINANCIAL

2. Provide students with handouts. Preparation of Financial Statement-Income Statement, Cash Flow, Return on Investment (ROI)

III. ANALYSIS:1. What is Income Statement?2. How do we compute Net Income?3. How do we compute ROI?4. What insights have you gained from the topic?

IV. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, discuss how to compute Net Income, Cash Balance and

ROI?2. What are Net Income, Cash Balance and Return on Investment?3. Why do we need to know how to prepare financial statement?

V. APPLICATION:

Direction: Compute for the following Net Income / Return on Investment

Sale of 150 sack of rice P 1,000 per sackSeeds (approximately) 10,000Fertilizers (approximately) 7,000Insecticides 8,000Land Preparation 10,000Pulling of seedlings 15,000Transplanting of seedlings 15,000Weeding / Harvesting 20,000Threshing / Drying / Milling Rice 25,000

FINANCIAL STATEMENT

Income Statement – represents the revenues, expenses and net income or net loss of an entity for a specific period.

Statement of Owner’s Equity – summarizes the changes that occurred in the owner’s capital account.

Balance Sheet – shows the financial position or condition of an entity by listing the assets, liabilities and owner’s equity.

Statement of Cash Flows – provides information about cash receipts and cash payments of an entity during a period.

How to compute for Net Income:

Net Income = Revenues – Expenses

Source: Basic Accounting Made EasyBy: Win Lu Ballada


SESSION TITLE: DEPRECIATION COST DATE: ________________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Compute depreciation cost.

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Calculator, paper and pen, references


a. Prayere. Checking of attendancef. Energizerg. Word of the day

IV. ACTIVITY:1. Have the students guess the jumbled letters.

S O C T - COSTA I C E R P N O I T E D - DEPRECIATION

2. Provide students with handouts containing information and formula of depreciation. Have them read the hand out in few minutes.

V. ANALYSIS:1. What is Depreciation?2. How do we compute depreciation?3. What are the methods in computing depreciation?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, discuss how to compute Depreciation?2. Discuss its meaning and apply the methods in computing depreciation.3. Why do we need to know how to compute depreciation?

VII. APPLICATION:

Direction: Compute for the following.

A hand tractor is purchased at P50,000 its expected life is 15 yrs. 1. Compute for the annual depreciation. 2. After 10 yrs. Compute for its value.

How to Calculate Depreciation

Depreciation expense is calculated utilizing either a straight line depreciation method or an accelerated depreciation method. The straight line method calculates depreciation by spreading

the cost evenly over the life of the fixed asset. Accelerated depreciation methods such as declining balance and sum of years digits calculate depreciation by expensing a large part of the cost at the beginning of the life of the fixed asset.

The required variables for calculating depreciation are the cost and the expected life of the fixed asset. Salvage value may also be considered. Examples of depreciation calculations for both straight line and accelerated methods are provided below.

Straight Line Depreciation Method

The straight line depreciation method divides the cost by the life.

SL = Cost / Life

Example: A desk is purchased for $487.65. The expected life is 5 years. Calculate the annual depreciation as follows:

487.65 / 5 = 97.53 Each year for 5 years $97.53 would be expensed.

What if there is a salvage value?

Declining Balance Depreciation Method

The declining balance depreciation method uses the depreciable basis of an asset multiplied by a factor based on the life of the asset. The depreciable basis of the asset is the book value of the fixed asset -- cost less accumulated depreciation.

The factor is the percentage of the asset that would be depreciated each year under straight line depreciation times the accelerator. For example, an asset with a four year life would have 25% of the cost depreciated each year. Using double declining balance or 200%, which is the most common, would mean that depreciation expense in the first year would be twice that or 50%. So to calculate the depreciation expense each year the depreciable basis would be multiplied by 50%.

Example: A copy machine is purchased for $3,217.89. The expected life is 4 years. Using double declining balance the depreciation would be calculated as follows: factor = 2 * (1/4) = 0.50

YearDepreciable

BasisDepreciationCalculation

Depreciation Expense

AccumulatedDepreciation

1 3,217.89 3,217.89 * 0.5 1,608.95 1,608.942 1,608.94 1,608.94 * 0.5 804.47 2,413.413 804.48 804.48 * 0.5 402.24 2,815.654 402.24 402.24 * 0.5 201.12 3,016.77

What if there is a salvage value?

Sum of the Years Digits

The first step is to sum the digits or numbers starting with the life and going back to one. For example, an asset with a life of 5 would have a sum of digits as follows: 5+ 4+ 3 +2 + 1 = 15

To find the percentage for each year divide the year's digit by the sum. In the example above the percentage would be calculated as follows:

Year 1 5 / 15 = 33.34%Year 2 4 / 15 = 26.67%Year 3 3 / 15 = 20 %Year 4 2 / 15 = 13.33 %Year 5 1/ 15 = 6.67%

Example: A conference table is purchase for 1,467.89. The expected life is 5 years. Since this is a 5 year asset the yearly factors have been calculated above.

YearDepreciationCalculation

DepreciationExpense

1 1,467.89 * 33.34 % 489.402 1,467.89 * 26.67 % 391.493 1,467.89 * 20 % 293.584 1,467.89 * 13.33 % 195.675 1,467.89 * 6.67 % 97.91

Source: http://www.assetaide.com/depreciation/calculation.html


SESSION TITLE: CALCULATE SURFACE AREA DATE: ________________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Discuss and compute surface area.

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Calculator, paper and pen, Learning module



IV. ACTIVITY:

http://www.assetaide.com/depreciation/calculation.html

1. Have the students identify shapes.

2. Let the students open Learning Module and read on pg. 413. Let the students find the formula on different surface areas.

V. ANALYSIS:1. What are the different surface areas?2. How do we compute different surface area?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, discuss how to compute surface area?2. Discuss how to compute surface areas.3. Why do we need to know how to compute surface areas?

VII. APPLICATION: Direction: Compute for the following surface areas.

1. Triangle Base – 3 cm Height - 2 cm

2. Square Length - 4 mWidth - 4 m

3. Rectangle Length - 5 mWidth - 8 m

4. Rhombus Base – 6 cmHeight - 4 cm

5. Parallelogram Base – 7 cmHeight - 6 cm


SESSION TITLE: METRIC CONVERSIONS DATE: ________________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Discuss and compute metric conversions.

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Calculator, paper and pen, learning module



IV. ACTIVITY:

1. Have the students find the missing letters in order to complete the word.

M __ __ R __ __ - METRICC __ __ V __ __ S __ __ __ S - CONVERSIONS

2. Let the students open Learning Module and read on pg. 483. Let the students read the learning module for few minutes.

V. ANALYSIS:1. What are the units of length, units of surface?2. How do we perform conversions?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, discuss units of length and units of surface?2. Discuss how to perform conversions.3. Why do we need to know how to perform conversions?

VII. APPLICATION:

Direction: Convert the following:

1. 4 ha to m2

2. 5 m to mm3. 6 ha to m2

4. 8 m to mm5. 6 ha to m2


SESSION TITLE: SURFACE AREA OF CANAL CROSS SECTION DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Discuss and compute surface area of canal cross section.




IV. ACTIVITY:1. Have the students look at the drawing:

VI. Let the students open Learning Module and read on pg. 50VII. Let the students read the learning module for few minutes.

V. ANALYSIS:1. What can you say on canal cross section?2. How do we compute the surface of canal cross section?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, discuss the canal cross section2. Discuss how to compute the surface of canal cross section3. Why do we need to know how to compute the surface of canal cross section?

VII. APPLICATION:

Direction: Calculate the surface area of the cross-section and the wetted cross-section

Canal cross-section:base (b) =2.5 mtop line (a) =7.5 mcanal depth (h) = 2.5 mFormula: A = 0.5 x (b + a) x h

Canal wetted cross-section:base (b) = 2.5 m

top line (a1) = 6.5 mwater depth (h1) =2.00 mFormula: A = 0.5 x (b + a1) x h


SESSION TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO VOLUME, FLOW RATE and PERCENTAGES

DATE: _________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Discuss and compute volume, flow rate and percentage.




IV. ACTIVITY:

1. Have the students look at the drawing:


V. ANALYSIS:1. What can you say on volume, flow rate, on percentage?2. How do we compute the volume, flow rate, percentage?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, discuss the volume, flow rate and percentage2. Discuss how to compute the volume and its units, flow rate and percentage3. Discuss volume, flow rate and percentage4. Why do we need to know how to compute for volume, flow rate and percentage?

VII. APPLICATION:

Direction: Calculate the ff.

Given:1. length = 4 cm

width = 3 cmheight = 2 cm

2. A river discharges 100 m3 of water to the sea every 2 seconds. What is the flow-rate of this river expressed in m3/s?

3. 12% of 100 carabao4. 150% of a monthly salary of P420


SESSION TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO GRAPH DATE: ________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Interpret and analyze graph.




IV. ACTIVITY:

1. Have the students look at the drawing:


V. ANALYSIS:1. What can you say on graphs?2. How do we interpret and analyze graphs?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the students answers, discuss graphs2. Discuss how to analyze and interpret graphs. 3. Why do we need to learn how to analyze and interpret graphs?

VII. APPLICATION:

Direction: Interpret the drawing below.

Legend:Plant

MAKE YOUR INTERPRETATION:

1. What is your area?

2. How many rows are there in the area?

3. How many plants are there in a row?

4. How many plants are there in the area?

5. What is the distance between plants per row?


SESSION TITLE: FARM PLANS AND LAY-OUT DATE: ________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Determine the farm plans and layoutMake a farm plan and layout a design according to crop grown

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Sample sketch or drawing of farm layout- printed in a short bond paper


a. Prayer d. Word of the dayb. Checking of Attendance e. Pre- assessment (LO 1-Module) c. Energizer

IV. ACTIVITY:1. Shows a printed picture of farm plan.

2. The students will describe the picture based on their own understanding.3. The students will make a sketch or layout based on the crop grown.

V. ANALYSIS:Guide Questions:

1. Give the importance of farm planning.2. How did you find the activities?3. What insights have you gained?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. From the students answer discuss the farm plans and layouts.2. What do you mean by the following:

a. FFTFb. REPsc. LEPsd. Das

3. Why is it important to assess the site in farm planning?

VII. APPLICATION: Fill in the blanks:1. FFTF- means Farming for the __________.2. ________-Government agencies focusing in whole farming planning.3. ________It is necessary so that a map can be drawn of the property‘s

topography, boundaries, soils, water resources and so on, and a farm business plan can be formulated.

4. REPs- Regional __________ Plans 5. LEPs -____________Environmental Plans 6. DCPs -Development ________Plans 7. DAs -Council‘s building _________or development consent 8. _______ will be required if odor or noise is a nuisance likely to

be generated from the development.


SESSION TITLE: CROP MANAGEMENT DATE: ________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Describe proper planting arrangement or system.

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Strips of papers with the description of different crop arrangement and planting system.


a. Prayer d. Word of the dayb. Checking of Attendance e. Review of past lessonc. Energizer

IV. ACTIVITY:1. Shows pictures of the common types of planting or spatial arrangement like

square, rectangular, quincunx, and triangular or hexagonal.

2. Let the students identify, guest or name the types of planting arrangement.Make a lay out. Follow the instruction below:

MATERIALS NEEDED:Quantity Description2 sheets Bond paper short1 pc Pencil1 pc RulerINSTRUCTIONS:1. Put 1 inch border lines on your bond paper 2. Use the following data in making your layoutImagine that 1 cm on your drawing is equivalent to 1m A. Width= 16 m B. Length=19 mC. Planting distanceBetween row=1mBetween hill=.5 m

3. Sketch inside the border lines your plot layout4. Submit your output to your teacher

V. ANALYSIS:Guide Questions:1. Name the different crop design.2. How did you find the activity?3. What insights have you gained from the activity?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. From the students answer discuss the different crop arrangement and methods of

planting crops.2. How can you differentiate row planting from multiple row planting and spatial

arrangement?3. What are the two methods of planting crops and how they are differ from the

other?

VII. APPLICATION: Fill-in the blanks1. An east-west row orientation is preferred to _____________.2. ______________is the systematic apportioning of the farm area or any growing surface for crop production.3. Single row planting of the intercrop can also be done between the rows of the________.4. Slashing and burning are done during _____________when the grasses are dry, and corn is planted at the start of the rainy season.5. The ______________method of planting crops is also common with moonbeam and cowpea grown as green manure.6-8.The intercrop can be planted in any of the following ways: (6)________________,(7)___________________, and (8) ____________________.9-10. In general, there are two methods of planting crops: (9)________________and(10).


SESSION TITLE: FUNCTIONS OF FARM IRRIGATION SYSTEM, REASONS AND ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF A PLAN

DATE: ________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Enumerate the functions and reasons of farm irrigation

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Strips of papers enumerating the functions of farm irrigation and reasons for an irrigation plan and essential features of a plan/ or power point presentation using Laptop and LCD projector


a. Prayer d. Word of the dayb. Checking of Attendance e. Pre- assessmentc. Energizer

IV. ACTIVITY:1. What comes to your mind when you hear the word irrigation?2. Where do you usually see or observed the irrigation system/structure?3. Have the students give their ideas on the functions and reasons for an irrigation

system as well as the essential features of a plan.4. Debate about the importance of proper planning and designing of irrigation system.

V. ANALYSIS:Guide Questions:

1. Name the different kinds of farm irrigation.2. How did you find the activities?3. What insights have you gained?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. From the students answer discuss the functions of farm irrigation system, the

reasons and essential features of a plan 2. What are the functions of farm irrigation?

What are the reasons for an irrigation plan?What are the essential features of a plan?

3. Why do we need to know the functions and reasons of irrigation?

VII. APPLICATION:

Directions: Enumerate what is asked in the following statements.(4) Functions of farm irrigation systems1. _____________________________________2. _____________________________________3. _____________________________________4. _____________________________________(6) Essential features of a plan1. ______________________________________2. ______________________________________3. ______________________________________4 ______________________________________5. ______________________________________6. ______________________________________


SESSION TITLE: DIFFERENT DESIGNS OF IRRIGATION SYSTEM DATE: ________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Describe and analyze the different designs of irrigation systems

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Printed pictures of different designs of irrigation system/Power point Presentation-Laptop, LCD Projector



IV. ACTIVITY:Picture Parade

1. Shows pictures of different design of irrigation system.2. Let the students guest the name, describe and analyze the different

pictures.

3. SKETCH IRRIGATION PLANMATERIALS NEEDED:Quantity Description2 sheets Bond paper short1 pc Pencil1 pc Ruler

INSTRUCTIONS: 1. After knowing different irrigation designs, select 1 design applicable in your area.

2. Using the materials above sketch the irrigation design applicable in your locality.3. Explain, why did you considered this design on another sheet of bond paper4. Submit your output to your teacher after 1 day5. Your teacher will ask you to present your work in front of your classmates

V. ANALYSIS:1. Name the different design of irrigation2. How did you find the activities?3. What insights have you gained?

VI. ABSTRACTION:

1. From the students answer discuss the different design of irrigation system.2. What are the different designs of irrigation systems3. Why is it important to know the different designs of irrigation system

VII. APPLICATION:

Directions: Enumerate what is asked in the following statements:(3) Types of Conventional Sprinkler Systems1. _____________________________________2. _____________________________________3. ______________________________________(7) Advantages of drip or trickle irrigation1. _____________________________________2. ______________________________________3. ______________________________________4. _____________________________________


SESSION TITLE: APPLYING SAFETY MEASURES IN FARM OPERATION DATE: ________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Identify factors that affect the health condition of a gardener-farmer working in the farm

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Digital pictures of man spraying in the farmPower point Presentation-Laptop, LCD Projector



IV. ACTIVITY:1. Show pictures of a gardener in the class, let the student tell something about the

picture.

2. Let the students to point out farmers on a gardener who did not use protective equipment when working in the farm.

V. ANALYSIS:1. Who among the farmers could easily suffer illnesses?2. What are the factors that affects the health condition of a gardener/farmer working

in farm?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Base on the answer of student the teacher will discuss about the safety measures

while working in the farm to avoid sickness.2. What are the factors that affect the health condition of a farm?3. Is it important to know how to avoid sickness in the farm?

VII. APPLICATION: Directions: Identify factors that affect health condition when working in the farm, write:

W - wearing of gadgetNW - not wearing of a gadget


SESSION TITLE: APPLYING SAFETY MEASURES WHILE WORKING IN THE FARM

DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Explain different types of hazard to avoid accident when working in farm

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Digital pictures of farmersPower point Presentation-Laptop, LCD Projector



IV. ACTIVITY:1. Show pictures of a man suffering from skin rashes2. Man dropped by big stones

3. Man suffering from open wound or burn.4. Each student will tell what causes of these accidents.

Presentation of the lesson.1. The teacher will give the types of hazard. (Biological, Physical, chemical hazards.

V. ANALYSIS:1. How many type of hazard that cause illness of a farm worker?2. How does these hazard keep away from illness to farm worker?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the student answer. Explain the different types of hazard to avoid accident

whenever you work in farm.2. Name the type of hazards.

VII. APPLICATION:

Name the types of hazards and explain.


SESSION TITLE: FARM WORKS THAT INVOLVE USING CHEMICALS AND HAZARDOUS TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Familiarized with the chemicals and hazardous tools and equipment to prevent accident in the workplace.

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Digital pictures of chemicals, Actual toolsPower point Presentation-Laptop, LCD Projector



IV. ACTIVITY:1. Arrange pictures of chemicals and tools according to the degree of effectiveness.

a. Broden Insecticides a. Scytheb. Malathion Insecticides b. Jungle Boloc. Azodrin insecticides c. Pegs

d. Siven Insecticides d. Crowbare. Fungicide Insecticides e. Pick Mattock

Presentation of the lesson.1. Introduce chemical and tools according to their effectiveness.

V. ANALYSIS:1. What chemical is very strong even in small amount?2. What chemical is use in greater dosage?3. What chemical is use to kill grasses?4. What chemical is effective either in grass or insects?5. What chemicals is for amphibians and reptiles.6. Name the tools that are effective for cutting hard stem?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the student answer. Discuss the uses of different chemicals and tools.

VII. APPLICATION: Match Column A & B

A B1. Broden a. grass / insects2. Azodrin b. amphibians3. Malathion c. strong even in small amount4. Siven d. greater dosage5. Fungicide e. grass


SESSION TITLE: PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Demonstrate proper use of PPE in the farm

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Digital pictures of protective equipmentPower point Presentation-Laptop, LCD Projector



IV. ACTIVITY:Lay down on the table all the PPE.Each student will get one gadget and wear it where they are intended for.

Goggles Earmuffs Safety shocks Gloves Jacket

Helmet

V. ANALYSIS:Is PPE effective when not properly use?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the student answer. Discuss each PPE and wear them where they are

intended for.2. What is the purpose of using PPE when working in farm?

VII. APPLICATION:

Give the use of the ff. PPE?

1. Goggles2. Helmet3. Jacket4. Safety shoes5. Earmuffs6. Gloves


SESSION TITLE: SAFEKEEP AND DISPOSE OF TOOLS AND WASTE MATERIALS

DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Enumerate the proper safekeeping of tools and disposal of waste materials

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Digital pictures of tools and waste materialsPower point Presentation-Laptop, LCD Projector



IV. ACTIVITY:Show picture of a tool keeper and his tools.

1. How do you keep your tools away from rust?2. Can you prolong the life and usage of tools?

V. ANALYSIS:1. What preventive measures and tips to prolong the life of your tools.2. Mention the tips of safekeeping of tools.3. Is preventive maintenance can keep readiness of tools to be used for the next day?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the student answer. The teacher will discuss and explain the proper

safekeeping and preventive maintenance of tools.2. The teacher will explain the difference of repair and maintenance.

VII. APPLICATION:

Write 5 tips of safekeeping of tools.


SESSION TITLE: SAFEKEEP AND DISPOSE OF TOOLS AND WASTE MATERIALS

DATE: ____________________________

I. OBJECTIVES:Discuss the proper procedure of waste material disposal

II. RESOURCES NEEDED:Digital pictures of tools and waste materialsPower point Presentation-Laptop, LCD Projector



IV. ACTIVITY:1. Show picture of a tool keeper and his tools.2. Let the students to observe how to properly disposed waste materials and tools.

They will write on a sheet of paper and read to the class their observation.

Presentation of the lesson.

Waste materials and broken tools should be disposed according to manufacturers recommendation.

V. ANALYSIS:1. What will be the effect of improper disposal of waste materials.2. Is improper disposal affect air and water respectively?

VI. ABSTRACTION:1. Using the student answer. The teacher will discuss the advantages and

disadvantages of improper waste disposal and waste tools?2. Why do we need to follow manufacturer’s recommendation on disposal of waste

materials?

VII. APPLICATION:

Explain briefly the procedures of waste materials disposal based on the manufacturer’s recommendation.

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