a design scheme of energy management system for low-carbon community in smart grid environment
TRANSCRIPT
A Design Scheme of Energy Management System for Low-carbon
Community in Smart Grid Environment
Shuanghu Wang*a, Yongyi Wub
Department of Electric Power Consumption & Energy Efficiency, China Electric Power
Research Institute, No.19-1,Gaoxin Road, Hi-tech Zone,Nanjing,210061, China
Keywords: low-carbon community; smart grid; energy management system(EMS); renewable energy
Abstract. Using double-network, double-machine technology, the hardware framework of the energy
management system is designed. The software framework scheme is proposed according to different
layers. By designing graph, report, alarm, database management, man-machine interface and privilege
subsystems on supporting platform, various services are presented. The proposed energy management
system integrated many automation systems, such as Distribution Automation system, Advanced
Metering Infrastructure and so on. The senior application functions of the energy management system
are introduced. Adopting smart grid technology, the proposed scheme provides a new solution to
better manage, use, save and monitor energy especially renewable energy. Because of its obvious
advantages in enhancing energy efficiency, the introduced energy management system is expected to
be widely used in low-carbon community.
Introduction
As the global climate get warming, many countries promoted low-carbon technology, advocated
low-carbon lifestyle, and put forward the low-carbon city construction planning to cope with climate
change. In this background, intelligent or low carbon communities,which define a region as spatial
carrier, are becoming the global boom[1]. At present, the global more successful intelligent
communities contain Beddington in Britain, Vaxjo in Sweden and so on.
Energy is the important material base and the strategic resources of economic and social
development. Maintaining the coordination among the resources and economy, society and
environment has become the major issue of the intelligent community’s development. The built ones
mainly rely on strong smart power distribution and consumption systems to support and guide the
development of renewable energy. Users in community are guided to optimize energy consumption
structure, to improve the proportion of clean power in terminal energy consumption, to reduce the
negative of fossil and fuel’s use and energy consumption and emissions[2,3].
At present, smart grid technology is widely used. In the power consumption area, it is mainly used
by installing intelligent family equipment. In smart distribution area, it is the application of intelligent
control systems. Through the collaborative, distributed control, it uses the distributed power to
optimize the system performance[4,5].
The proposed energy management system(EMS) design scheme is a typical application of smart
grid technology in low-carbon community. It can integrate Distribution Automation system(DA),
Advanced Measuring Infrastructure(AMI), Building Automation System(BAS),Parking Management
system and other automation systems in intelligent community. It can be used to monitor the energy
consumption information of the community, and control the renewable energy use of families through
some intelligent network communication technologies, and improve the management level of
community energy.
Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 260-261 (2013) pp 820-824Online available since 2012/Dec/13 at www.scientific.net© (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerlanddoi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.260-261.820
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System Design Scheme
Hardware Framework Design Scheme. The hardware framework of EMS for low-carbon
community is shown in Fig.1, mainly includes the following components:
1)History machines
History machines include two server equipments, and are mainly used to store the EMS history
data. The operation way is one work one preparation.
2)Fore machines
Fore machines are formed by two server machines, mainly used for data collection from BAS,
Micro-grid EMS, Electric Vehicle(EV) management system and so on through information access
network. The energy management applications are analyzed on the machines. The operation way is
one work one preparation.
Fig.1 The hardware framework of the EMS for low-carbon community
3) Interface machines
Interface machines include two server machines, which realize the information interaction
between the EMS and Building Automation System(BAS), Distribution Automation system(DA),
Advanced Measuring Infrastructure(AMI) ,or other systems in community.
4)WEB machine
One web machine is needed in system. Through building web data platform, the EMS shares the
energy data in intelligent community. It is convenient and safe for external inquiry and calls.
5)Workstations
There are three workstations in system. Two are used to further apply and monitor. One is used to
maintain system.
Software Framework Design Scheme. The software framework of the EMS for low-carbon
community is shown in Fig.2. It includes four layers:information collection layer,support
layer,application layer ande expression layer.
The information collection layer mainly processes all kinds of data acquisition, transformation and
integration, and provides the data processing or any configuration services; Support layer, which is
based on the data pool, provides graphics services, reports service and privilege management service
and so on; The application layer mainly includes electric consumption analysis, renewable energy
dispatch, energy planning, energy optimized and control, aided decision-making functions and so on;
The expression layer is in charge of WEB information release, interaction processing between man
and machine.
Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 260-261 821
Design of Supporting Platform. Supporting platform provides the universal service, which
distinguish from application functions to solve questions on specific business area. The services are
provided by following subsystems: database management subsystem, graph subsystem, report
subsystem, privilege management subsystem,alarm subsystem and man-machine interface subsystem.
Fig.2 The software framework of the EMS for low-carbon community
1) Database Management subsystem
The database management subsystem consists of two parts: the commercial and real-time database
management. The characteristics of commercial database are too many development tools to support,
easy to use, but slow to access; The real-time’s are fast to access, but not easy to interact with outside
because of low-level interface standardization. So the data with low real-time need is stored in
commercial database, and other data in real-time database.
(a)commercial database management
The commercial database, installed on history machines, usually choose Oracle as its management
system, but also can choose Microsoft SQL Server, Sybase or Informix according to the need of
customers. Two history machines keep data consistent by adopting database replication technology.
(b)Real-time database management
Real-time database system runs a backup in every host. All data are stored in memory. All kinds of
operation completed in memory. Through the network, it makes the real-time database system data
consistent, and realize data access among different applications.
2) Graph subsystem
In order to support different platforms, the graph subsystem is designed on the basis of QT
technology, supporting stepless zoom of multi-layer, multi-level, providing roaming, tour-guiding,
window-opening and so many functions. All kinds of device information can be inquired on graph
interface. Any devices in community can be described in the EMS as graphic symbol for drawing. The
822 Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development
images are designed optionally, easy to use. The various areas are introduced on pictures,
corresponding to hyperlink, in order to make graph subsystem support the man-machine interface’s
special designed.
3) Report subsystem
The designed report subsystem provides strong editing functions like EXCEL. Users can freely
design personalized, illustrated report. According to form data, the subsystem can generate various
forms of statistical charts and pivot tables, to support data collection quickly and analysis. Importing
data from the Excel, exporting data as Excel, CVS and other formats are supported. It provides report
template to generate reports rapidly. Daily, weekly and other kinds of statistic reports also can be
customized.
4) Privilege management subsystem
The privilege management subsystem considers the node, function, user, role, resources, and the
responsible area together, named six as one privilege management mechanism. It can give users safe,
reliable privilege according to work scope, content and ownership. Privilege contents include reading
and writing real-time database and commercial database, viewing and editing documents, and so on.
At the same time, according to the principle of layered division, it simplifies the process of upper
application by filtering data on supporting platform.
5) Alarm subsystem
Alarm subsystem provides entire alerting service of system.The alarm contents include alarm from
system alarm, artificial operation, and so on. A variety of forms are provided, including voice,
pushing picture, ringing bell, confirmation, short message and so on. The subsystem provides a
standard interface, convenient to expand.
6) Man-Machine interface
Taking QT technology as the foundation, adopting the plugin, scripts, and Qt designer,the system
manages all man-machine interfaces. It can define the interface style from by self, and dynamically
generate the interface, satisfying the user’s demand for modification.
The Functions of the EMS for Low-carbon Community
The functions of EMS for low-carbon community can be summarized as three aspects: community’s
energy data acquisition and monitoring, energy consumption information display and energy
consumption decision-making etc.
Community’s Energy Data Acquisition and Monitoring. The system can realize the collection of
various types of data from every subsystem such as Energy-storage system, Wind-power subsystem,
Photovoltaic subsystem, power quality monitoring system and so on.
It can monitor the distributed resources, energy consumption information, environmental data and
building’s information in community.
The system has the function of early warning: monitoring and warning the possible factors which
threaten safety of energy consumption.
The Expression of Energy Consumption Information. The system release energy consumption
information through WEB. By logging on WEB page, users inquires the quantity of electric
consumption, power from distributed generations in community, the rest time of the storage battery
and so on . Of course, users can also customize power consumption situation report or short message
notification service .Through WEB, users can get energy saving suggestions and the real-time electric
price information to avoid the high electric price in the peak of power consumption and reduce the
electrical costs.
Senior Application Functions.The senior application functions of the designed EMS includes
following aspects:
Energy efficiency management: The software module, which is fast to access and maintain, collects
and manages related data from each subsystem. It is an important basis for energy efficiency
evaluation module.
Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 260-261 823
Energy efficiency evaluation: The module, building model with the relevant operation data,
evaluated efficiency of all kinds of energy and got the data for other modules to use.
Historic energy consumption analysis: The module completed statistics, analysis and assessment of
energy consumption information in community.
Energy optimized schedule: The module optimize the use of energy in community according to
making energy plan, optimized controlling energy, energy system linkage control to optimizing
energy use of community.
Energy consumption strategy: The module formed the optimal energy consumption strategy
according to consumption situation as well as the meteorological forecast information in the area,
combining with the operation conditions of each subsystem.
Wind-PV-ES control: The module integrated wind power, PV and energy storage system,
according to their respective operation condition and application requirements, to realize the "
Wind-PV-ES " union-control.
Energy topology structure: The module got the energy’s electrical connection according to
switches’ status in each energy system, and transformed physical model into mathematical model. It
is an important module for the manager to master real-time energy flow in community.
Conclusions
An EMS for low-carbon community design scheme is proposed in this paper. The system integrated
DA, AMI, BAS,Micro-grid system,etc. The hardware framework, software framework and the
supporting platform of the EMS are designed in detail. And the senior functions are especially
introduced. It can effectively reduce the carbon emissions in community through guiding energy-use
strategy. The system, which is friendly to interact, simple to operate, easy to use, provides an effective
assistance for the energy management in intelligent community. At the same time, it makes a good
attempt to realize the goal of constructing low-carbon cities. In the long term, the remarkable society
and economic benefits are expected.
Acknowledgements
This work is supported by The National High Technology Research and Development Program of
China (2011AA05A117, 2012AA050214).
This work is supported by Major Science and Technology Program of SGCC(The Research and
demonstration of integration technology for smart grid characterized by low-carbon).
Corresponding Author
Name: Shuanghu Wang, Email:[email protected], Mobile:(+86)13815423343.
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Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.260-261 A Design Scheme of Energy Management System for Low-Carbon Community in Smart Grid
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