a design of quantitative research · survey research •purpose to explore and describe •do not...

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A Design Of Quantitative Research

Presented By :

Larisa Yohanna, M.M.


EDU 5900 AB. RAHIM BAKAR 2

Basic and Applied Research

Basic Aimed at obtaining empirical data to formulate

and expand theory.

Aim is to expand the frontiers of knowledge

without regard to practical application

Applied Aimed at solving immediate problems

Not aimed at generalization

[a study on the effectiveness of a teaching

method on…]



Quantitative

Experimental Non-experimental

Descriptive research

Pre-experiment

True experiment

Quasi-experiment

[many designs]

Ex post facto

Correlation research

Survey research



Experimental research • The most rigorous

• Actually establish different treatment and study the effect

• Result clear cut interpretation

• Example: a history teacher may want to know how can he teach important

concepts to his students?

• He may compare two different approaches to teaching history



Correlation research • To establish relationship between two or more variables

• Concurrent correlation studies

– Relationship is drawn from the same point in study. Example: relationship between ….

• Predictive correlation studies

– Using one characteristics to predict the other. Example: use SPM grade to predict CGPA



Ex post facto

• Also known as causal-comparative study

• To determine the cause of the difference between two group of people when experimental research is not possible

• Example to determine if family structure (single-two parent family) cause poor performance in education



Survey research • Purpose to explore and describe

• Do not investigate relationship

• Large sample

• Slice of time


Experimental Design

• You test an idea (or practice or procedure) to determine whether it influences an outcome or dependent variable. You first decide on an idea with which to “experiment,” assign individuals to experience it (and have some individuals experience something different), and then determine whether those who experienced the idea (or practice or procedure) performed better on some outcome than those who did not experience it.


When Do You Use an Experiment? • You use an experiment when you want to establish possible cause and

effect between your independent and dependent variables. • For example, if you compare one group that experiences a lecture and

another group that experiences discussion, you control all of the factors that might influence the outcome of “high scores on a quiz.” You make sure that personal abilities and test conditions are the same for both groups, and you give both groups the same questions. You control for all variables that might influence the outcome except for the difference in types of instruction (lecture or discussion).


1. Pre-eksperimental Design

a. One Shot Case Study

b. One Group Pretest-Posttest Design


c. Static Group Comparison

2. True-Eksperimental Design

a. Posttest-only control design


b. Pretest –Posttest Control Group Design

c. Factorial Design


Correlational Designs • Correlational designs provide an opportunity for you to

predict scores and explain the relationship among variables

X Y X1

X2

Y


When Do You Use Correlational Research?

• You use this design when you seek to relate two or more variables to see if they influence each other, such as the relationship between teachers who endorse developmentally appropriate practices and their use of the whole-language approach to reading instruction (Ketner, Smith, & Parnell, 1997


Kelompok 1

• Teori • Literature Review • Kerangka Berpikir • Hipotesis Definisi dan Bentuk-bentuk Hipotesis • Keterkaitan Paradigma Penelitian, Rumusan Masalah Dan

Hipotesis


Kelompok 2

• Populasi dan Sampel

• Teknik Sampling

• Penentuan Jumlah Sampel

• Macam-macam Skala Pengukuran


Kelompok 3

• Instrumen Penelitan

• Penyusunan Instrumen Definisi Konseptual dan Definisi Operasional

• Teknik Pengumpulan Data


Kelompok 4

• Masalah

• Fokus , subfokus

• Rumusan Masalah

• Populasi dan Sampel

• DALAM PENELITIAN KUALITATIF


Thank You

a design of quantitative research · survey research •purpose to explore and describe •do not...

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