a descriptive overview of acf food aid programmes in 10

Food Security Capitalisation �� Technical & Research

Department

A Descriptive Overview of ACF Food Aid

Programmes in 10 countries

ACF

July 2007

Action Contre la Faim Food Security Capitalisation – July 2007 © ACF

Table of Contents

1. Introduction__________________________________________________________________ 3

2. Summary Table _______________________________________________________________ 6

3. Executive Summaries of Operations _____________________________________________ 10

3.1 Darfur – Gereida: General food distribution___________________________________ 10

3.2 Russian Federation – Chechnya: Targeted food distribution______________________ 14

3.3 Afghanistan – Dai Kundi: Targeted food distribution + Food for work ____________ 17

3.4 Laos – Xavsomboun special zone: Food for Work ______________________________ 21

3.5 Myanmar – Northern Rakhine State: Family ration ____________________________ 24

3.6 Burundi – Kayanza and Ngozi: Family ration__________________________________ 27

3.7 Indonesia – Java: Blanket under five distribution ______________________________ 30

3.8 Somalia – Wajid: Blanket under five distribution_______________________________ 33

3.9 Mongolia – Ulan Bator: Canteens ___________________________________________ 36

3.10 Haiti – Gonaîves: Canteens________________________________________________ 39

Annexes ______________________________________________________________________ 42 A) Human Resources: Gereida, Darfur – General food distribution __________________ 42

B) Human Resources: Burundi – Family ration __________________________________ 43

C) Human Resources: Somalia – Blanket under five ______________________________ 44

* * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Food security Department. Special thanks to Esther Diaz.


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NOTICE :

The document gives an overview of different types of food aid projects in various contexts, and

the means required to implement them.

It is a descriptive reference guide when considering a food aid intervention in the field, and does

not aim at drawing lessons learnt or analysing the presented projects. The document is intended for

internal ACF-IN use.

1. Introduction

The objective of the present capitalisation document is to synthesise recent ACF experience in food

aid programming. It provides an overview of a set of food aid projects and the means required to

implement them.

The targeted public is ACF personnel involved in food aid operation design and implementation.

The document also aims to provide a snapshot of various types of projects for people who are not

familiar with food aid. More particularly, the document is addressed to:

� At field level: Head of Mission, Technical Coordinator, Food security and Food Aid

Officer, Administrator, Logistician � At headquarters: Desk Officer, Programme officer, Food Security advisor

The document is not a comprehensive methodological tool, and does not aim at drawing lessons

learnt or analysing the presented projects. The technical detail in the document is minimal. For

more detail and guidance, refer to existing ACF technical modules on food security, notably Food

Aid, Monitoring and Surveillance, and Cash-Based Interventions, and other capitalisation

documents, methodological guides and position papers1.

The core part of the document is a synthetic comparative table of the interventions (see chapter 2). Short executive summaries of the projects, organised per category as in the following

table, are attached for reference (see chapter 3).

1 Following relevant documents exist within ACF: Position paper on Food Aid (2005); Position paper on Food Aid and

its Political Impacts (2006); Position paper on Cash-Based Interventions (2006); Position paper on Quality Control

(2006); Guidance Note on Blanket Under Five distributions (2006); Capitalisation of Food Aid in Darfur (Grouping

method, forth coming 2007); Capitalisation of Blanket under Five in Somalia (2007); Kit Log with key information on

storage, purchase, quality control etc.


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Type of distribution Country/Area Year Key words

General distribution Sudan, Darfur, Gereida 2006 GFD, grouping, IDP camp, WFP in-kind,

monthly cycles

Targeted distribution Chechnya 2006 Targeting, pre-packaged, rural populations,

local purchase, remote control, 3-monthly

cycles

Targeted distribution Afghanistan, Dai Kundi 2006 Targeting, grouping, rural populations,

local purchase, WFP in-kind, one shot

Food for Work Afghanistan, Dai Kundi 2006 Targeting, grouping, rural populations,

local purchase, WFP in-kind, one shot

Food for Work Laos, Xavsomboun 2006 Targeting, scooping, rural populations,

WFP in-kind, periodic

Family ration Myanmar, Northern

Rakhine State

2006 Targeting, pre-packaging, rural populations,

WFP in-kind, nutrition, periodic

Family ration Burundi,

Kayanza&Ngozi

2005 Targeting, grouping, rural populations,

regional purchase, nutrition, periodic

Blanket under Five Indonesia, Java 2006 Blanket, pre-packaged, community based,

international purchase, emergency, one shot

Blanket under Five Somalia, Wajid 2006 Blanket, pre-packaged, international

purchase, periodic

Canteens Mongolia, Oulan Bator 2006 Urban

Canteens Haiti, Gonaives 2004 Urban

Each executive summary contains the following information:

• Title of the operation and specific objectives

• Duration of the project

• Total number of beneficiaries

• Budget and donor

• Source of food

• Context of intervention

• Description of the project and modalities of the intervention:

o Targeting

o Registration

o Distribution

o Ration composition

o Monitoring

o Procurement and source of food

• Human resource needs

The ration composition and coverage are analysed in relation to the Sphere minimum standards

(2004):

Sphere

Kcal (pers/day) 2 100

Lipids Min 17%

Proteins 10-12% (52-63 gr)

Concerning the needs on human resources, only directly involved personnel has been considered.

Examples of detailed description of tasks are included in the Annex.


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As far as budget is concerned, an effort to identify direct project costs only has been made. In most

cases, however, food aid projects were simultaneously implemented with other programs and shared

a common budget with them. It was not possible to identify purely food aid costs, and the costs have

been prorated (in some cases using a co-efficient), in collaboration with the corresponding Country

Finance Managers. The figures remain illustrative.

Only specific budget lines were selected:

Personnel Expatriate

National

Food In-kind valorisation

Food Rations

Quality controls

Transport Local contracted transport / travelling

Customs

Vehicles

Storage Warehouse

Distribution, storage and daily labour

Communication Equipment (radios, sat phones) and com. costs

The following costs are not included:

� Office and house rentals

� Office consumables and supplies, including computers

� Running costs

� Financial charges

� Visibility programs

The budget figures remain approximate and represent a rough idea of the real costs.


2. Summary Table

Sudan - Darfur - GereidaRussian Federation - Chechnya &

IngushetiaAfghanistan - Day Kundi

(combined free food and FFW) Myanmar - Northern Rakhine State Burundi - Kayanza & Ngozi

Title of the operationFood Distribution and Food Security Assessment in Gereida

To improve basic living conditions of war affected population living in the mountainous area of Chechnya (Ingushetia and Chechnya – Russian Federation)

To mitigate the consequences of the 2006 drought situation in Nili, Marmoor and Sharestan districts, Day kundi province, Afghanistan.

Distribution of rations to the families of children under five and pregnant and lactating women beneficiaries of ACF Nutrition Programme in Northern Rakhine State

Family rations distribution to nutritional centres’ beneficiaries in the provinces of Kayanza and Ngozi in the north of Burundi.

Start date of activities 01.06.2006 01.02.2006 01.09.2006 15.07.2006 15.09.2005

Duration in months 7 months (4 months distribution) 13 months (forced stand-by 1 month) 6 months (4-6 weeks distribution) 3.5 months (6-7 weeks distribution) 3 months (6 weeks distribution)

Total # of beneficiaries per round

varied - on average 123 000 IDPs varied - on average 8 710 people 20 000 pers (4 000 families) 23 867 people (4 765 families) 61 200 beneficiaries (12 240 families)

Specific objective of the project

To increase food intakes of the target population

To contribute to cover immediate needs of vulnerable and war affected populations

To allow vulnerable families to address their food needs during the coming winter and to prevent erosive coping mechanisms that would further threaten future livelihoods.

To complement the basic family food needs and indirectly avoid the sharing of the supplementary rations and erosion of the concurrent nutrition program.

To limit the effects of an especially difficult hunger gap in the provinces of Kayanza and Ngozi.

Total Budget Operation EUR 1 573 349 1 215 411 504 852 253 694 500 002Budget FA project EUR 1 573 349 520 515 504 852 253 694 500 002

Cost / beneficiary /month of distributed ration EUR

3.08 4.98 7.1 3.54 4.28

Donor ECHO and WFP ECHO and Dutch Funds ECHO and WFP WFP and DG (for expatriates) ECHO

Procurement of food WFP in-kind local purchase by ACFWFP in-kind and local purchase by ACF

WFP in-kind regional purchase by ACF

Context of intervention

rural and isolated area armed conflict major population movement (IDPs camp) limited/no access to food and land

mountainous and isolated area low-intensity warfarewar-affected population low incomes

mountainous and isolated area relying on agriculture2006 drought: poor harvests, food shortage and decrease of purchase power

rural and urban area 2006 harvests inadequate: hunger gap increase of prices: decrease of the purchase power high chronic and acute malnutrition

rural context bad harvest of beans (main staple food) and coffee (main cash crop) increase of prices decrease of traditional gap cultivation decreasee of working opportunities increase of malnutrition

Project descriptionGeneral monthly food distribution to IDPs all year

Targeted distribution of 3-month pre-packed individual food rations all year. Remote control

Targeted distribution of one 3-month family food ration to 1 600 families for winter Food for work for 2 400 families: road rehabilitation

Targeted distribution of monthly family food rations during three months of hunger gap period

Targeted distribution of 20-day family rations during two cycles during hunger gap

Type of distribution targeted / general general distribution targeted distribution targeted distribution targeted distribution targeted distribution

individual / family individual ration individual ration family ration (average 5 members) family ration (average 5 members) family ration (average 5 members)

duration of ration / frequence of distributions

1-month ration 3-month ration 3-month ration 1-month ration 20-day ration

# distribution rounds monthly 4 rounds 1 round 3 rounds 2 rounds

duration of one round 10 days1 to 2 days per DP total: 1,5 months

1 month 2 weeks 3 weeks

# distribution points/zones 2 distribution points 29 distribution points 10 distribution sites 13 distribution points 21 distribution points

# beneficiaries served/day 15000 individual rations per day 100 - 400 individual rations per day 500-600 family rations per day 150-250 household rations per day n/a

Modalities of distribution

grouping/scooping/pre-packing grouping: heaps of 60 & 20 rations pre-packinggrouping: 5 families scooping one part of the ration

scooping and repackaging of beans no scooping for: rice packaged in 50kg bags and oil in 1L bottles

grouping: 5 families scooping: beneficiaries in TFC

Ration Kcal/person / day 2 248 955 2 159 1 051 1 565

type of ration full ration complementary ration full ration complementary ration complementary rationg/person/day g/person/day g/person/day g/person/day g/person/day

wheat (gr/person/day) 450 164,8 540 0 249,75

rice (gr/person/day) 0 8,2 0 224,1 0

pulses (gr/person/day) 50 0 60 44,8 125,25

oil (gr/person/day) 30 33 36 13,4 22,5

salt (gr/person/day) 10 5,5 6 0 3,75

sugar (gr/person/day) 30 16,5 0 0 0

CSB (gr/person/day) 50 0 0 0 30

BP5 (gr/person/day) 0 0 0 0 0

Total (gr/person/day) 620 228 642 282,3 431,25

General and targeted food distributions Family rations


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Sudan - Darfur - GereidaRussian Federation - Chechnya &

IngushetiaAfghanistan - Day Kundi

(combined free food and FFW) Myanmar - Northern Rakhine State Burundi - Kayanza & Ngozi

Targeting criteria All IDPs living in Gereida camp

• High dependency ratio • Different criteria for each of the 4 cycles (see detail in the narrative)

Free food aid:• Female-headed and without able-bodied male members families• Landless HH• HH with limited land holdings and livestock• HH with less than one month of food stock

Food for work:• HH with limited land holdings and livestock• HH with less than 2 months of food stock

Families of children between 6 and 59 months and of pregnant and lactating women (18-45) with moderate acute malnutrition and/or with severe acute malnutrition.

Families of children between 6 and 59 months and of pregnant and lactating women (18-45) with moderate acute malnutrition and/or with severe acute malnutrition.

Type and modalities of registration

1st phase: head count with ICRC 2nd phase: cleaning of lists through extensive monitoring and sensitisation

Community based registration with extensive ACF monitoring

Community based registration with rapid ACF monitoring

SFC and TFC beneficiary lists Nutritional screening

SFC and TFC beneficiary lists Nutritional screening of malnourished children under 5 (MUAC and weight and measure).

Modalities of monitoring

PDM: (monthly) HH surveys and focus groupsMarket survey FBM (planned but not started - ACF left)

PDM conducted 3 to 6 weeks after distribution

PDM: 3 months after distributionRapid and sporadic monitoring

PDM: after each distributionPDM between the 2 distribution rounds and after last distribution. Market survey.

Type of procurement of foodWFP in-kind, delivered from Nyala Tonnage for the whole period: 8 785

Local purchase by ACF Order-food reception: 3 weeks Supplier delivered at ACF warehouse in Nazran Tonnage for the whole period: 723

WFP in-kind: wheat and pulses Local purchase by ACF: oil, salt and wheat and pulses to complete ration Supplier delivered at ACF base Tonnage for the whole period: 1 156

WFP in-kindWFP delivered at 2 ACF warehouses Tonnage for the whole period: 607

regional purchase by ACF Supplier delivered good at ACF Ngozi Tender-reception: 2-3 months Tonnage for the whole period: 849 T

Human Expatriates 6 1 2 1 2Resources Head of Base 1 0 1 0 0

Coordinator 1 0 0 0 0Logistician 2 0 0 0 0

Food aid officer 2 1 1 1 2National 128 19 30 14 58

Supervisor 1 0 1 1 0Team leader 3 2 2 13 0

Monitor 14 2 10 0 20Casual worker 110 15 15 0 23

Data Entry 0 0 2 0 0Cook 0 0 0 0 0

Translator 0 0 0 0 0Watchman, cleaner 0 0 0 0 15

BudgetPersonnel Expatriate 19 635 53 636 22 950 2 900 18 200

National 18 463 76 473 11 528 9 655 19 069Food In-kind valorisation 1 491 438 0 183 312 228 385 0

Food rations 0 331 771 260 000 0 381 788Quality controls 0 1 500 0 0 1 500

Transport Transport / Staff travel 36 083 29 072 20 000 1 477 874Customs 0 0 0 0 16 053Vehicles 3 111 3 213 0 8 867 48 650

Storage Warehouse 0 20 160 0 1 756 6 000Distrib,storage & daily labour 4 619 4 690 900 514 6 968

Communication 0 0 0 140 900Total 1 573 349 520 515 498 690 253 694 500 002

General and targeted food distributions Family rations


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Food for work

Indonesia - Java Somalia - Wajid Laos - Xaysomboun Sp ecial Zone Mongolia - Oulan Bator Haiti - Gonaîves

Title of the operationEmergency assistance to earthquake affected population (central Java)

Emergency high-protein food blanket distribution for children under five in Wajid District, Somalia

Humanitarian assistance for vulnerable and forgotten communities in Xaysomboun Special Zone (Northern Laos).

Assistance programme to vulnerable population of Oulan Bator - Mongolia

Community Canteens for children under five in the city of Gonaîves

Start date of activities 01.06.2006 01.10.2006 01.03.2006 01.10.2005 01.11.2004

Duration in months 1.5 months (all of distribution) 6 months (8 weeks distribution) 12 months (x weeks distribution) 7 months 4 months

Total # of beneficiaries per round

12 000 families (most with one children under 5)

8 160 children under five 1 000 workers 1 300 children under 5 9 000 children under 5

Specific objective of the project

To provide emergency basic food and non-food items (NFI) assistance to the earthquake affected population of two sub-districts of Java

To prevent further degradation of the nutritional status of the children under five in Wajid District

To cover the food shortage period of the targeted villages

To improve food security and nutritional status of especially vulnerable groups in Oulan Bator

To directly ensure the food (nutritional) needs of children under 5 and their caretaker, hence allowing a global increase of family food consumption in the vulnerable districts

Total Budget Operation EUR 113 910 519 779 510 000 EUR 69765 271513Budget FA project EUR 72 362 148 480 N/A 69 765 N/A

Cost / beneficiary /month of distributed ration EUR

6,03 9.5 N/A 7.5 N/A

Donor ACF funds DFID ECHO and WFP UBS UNICEF, WFP

Procurement of foodinternational purchase by ACF (Tsunami stocks)

international purchase by ACF WFP in-kind local purchase by ACFWFP, UNICEF, minor local purchase by ACF

Context of intervention

natural disaster: 6.2 scale earthquake economic activities in stand-by temporary price increase and reduce of purchase power specific food for young children not available

complex humanitarian crisis (conflict and drought) rural and desert area critical malnutrition situation food stocks depleted

rural context governement policy of resettlement of mountain and remote villagesethnic minority groups hunger gap

urban intervention transition from centralised to market economy rural to urban migration decrease of agricultural production decrease livestock severe winter

urban intervention major political unrest natural disaster: cyclone Jeanne structural vulnerability

Project descriptionBlanket distribution of one 14-day ration to children under 5

Blanket distribution of monthly rations to children under 5 during two months of hunger gap period

Food for work for 1 000 workers during hunger gap: construction of irrigation systems and roads

Daily wet food ration distributions in canteens and a hospital, all along winter, to be consumed in the canteen or to take away

Daily take away wet food ration distribution in canteens

Type of distribution targeted / general targeted distribution targeted distribution targeted distribution targeted distribution targeted distribution

individual / family individual ration individual ration individual ration individual ration individual ration

duration of ration / frequence of distributions

14-day ration 1-month rationdep.on work delivered (intended to cover 3-month hunger gap)

daily wet food rations daily wet food rations

# distribution rounds 1 round 2 rounds 1 round after the end of the work 5 days per week during winter time (7 months)

6 days per week

duration of one round 1,5 months 3 weeks 1 day per village 1 day 1 day

# distribution points/zones 20 distribution points 22 distribution sites every village or the closest road to it5 distribution points (2 canteens, 2 outside DPs and 1 hospital )

16 canteens

# beneficiaries served/day 1300 individual rations per dayaverage: 400, but up to 1200 rations per day pending on travel distance

n/a 467

Modalities of distribution

grouping/scooping/pre-packing pre-packed crushing and re-packaging scooping cooked wet ration scooping of cooked porridge

Ration Kcal/person / day 490 763 n/a 1 283

type of ration complementary ration complementary ration complementary ration complementary ration full ration

g/pers/day g/pers/day g/pers/day

wheat (gr/person/day) 0 0 0 0

rice (gr/person/day) 0 06.5 kg rice/worker/day (WFP

average)0

pulses (gr/person/day) 0 0 0 0

oil (gr/person/day) 0 0 0 45

salt (gr/person/day) 0 0 0 some

sugar (gr/person/day) 0 0 0 30

CSB (gr/person/day) 0 0 0 200

BP5 (gr/person/day) 107 166,7 0 0

Total (gr/person/day) 107 166,7 0 275

CanteensBlanket under 5


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Food for work

Indonesia - Java Somalia - Wajid Laos - Xaysomboun Sp ecial Zone Mongolia - Oulan Bator Haiti - Gonaîves

Targeting criteria

• All children under 5 in the areas of intervention. • Geographical targeting through the level of destruction. Priority given to remote areas.

• All children under 5 in the areas of intervention • Geographical targeting defined though ACF Nutritional Survey

• Villages at risk of forced displacement and with most acute food shortages within walking distance from the road

• Homeless people, street children and other categories of vulnerable people • Children from disadvantaged areas• In-patients at the hospital Enerel (which takes care of the most vulnerable population) in Oulan Bator NB non-exclusive targeting criteria/self-targeting applied <=> no one who showed up was excluded

* All children under 5 living in Gonaîves quarters affacted by the cyclone and political unrest


Emergency intervention: ACF watsan team selected the 13 most destroyed villages. Comunity based lists with children <5 ACF cross-checking

Community based registration with ACF monitoring (children under 110 cm)

Targeted communitites were offered participation in FFW. Beneficiaries were given the work contract and a sticker for identification.

All comers were served. Non excluding methods.

Registration based on an auto selection of beneficiaries: the most vulnerable persons. The only criteria: maximum height of children under 5: 110cm

Modalities of monitoring PDM: 10 days after distributionPDM: after first round of distribution and after the last round Market survey

attendance sheet on-going monitoring of work done PDM

regular monitoring visits, no strict PDMPDM Market survey

Type of procurement of foodinternational purchase by ACF BP5 stocks from Tsunami Tonnage for the whole period: 18 T

international purchase by ACF Order-food reception: 1.5 months Tonnage for the whole period: 82.6 T

WFP in-kind WFP sent the rice to every village or the closest road point.

local purchase by ACFWFP and UNICEF in-kind minor local purchase by ACF

Human Expatriates 1 3 1 1 4Resources Head of Base 0 1 0 0 0

Coordinator 0 0 1 1 0Logistician 0 1 0 0 2

Food aid officer 1 1 0 0 2National 11 32 5 17 233

Supervisor 0 1 1 2 2Team leader 1 0 0 0 16

Monitor 8 7 0 3 6Casual worker 2 24 2 0 128

Data Entry 0 0 0 0 1Cook 0 0 1 4 64

Translator 0 0 1 0 0Watchman, cleaner 0 0 0 8 16

BudgetPersonnel Expatriate 2 516 6 670 28 200 25 900 47 600

National 1 492 6 185 6 600 10 000 109 600Food In-kind valorisation 55 024 0 N/A 0 N/A

Food rations 0 97 994 0 21 000 7 920Quality controls 0 1 685 0 0 421

Transport Transport / Staff travel 0 16 169 14 032 4 015 45 640Customs 0 0 0 0 0Vehicles 4 840 2 627 2 800 0 0

Storage Warehouse 0 5 054 0 4 000 3 264Distrib,storage & daily labour 0 1 435 0 3 850 46 002

Communication 8 490 10 661 1 560 1 000 11 066Total 72 362 148 480 53 192 69 765 271 513

CanteensBlanket under 5


3. Executive Summaries of Operations

3.1 Darfur – Gereida: General food distribution

Title of the Operation Food Distribution and Food Security Assessment in Gereida

Start date of the activities in the field: 01/06/2006 – 31/12/2006

Duration in months: 7 months, of which approximately 4 of distribution

Total number of direct beneficiaries: average 127 541

Operation specific objective: To increase food intakes of the target population

Total budget of the Operation: 1 573 349 EUR (only food aid)

Cost/beneficiary/month of distributed ration2: 3,08 EUR

Donor: ECHO and WFP

Source of food: WFP in-kind

Context of intervention Darfur, ravaged by civil war since 2003, has become one of the major humanitarian

catastrophes of the world. The conflict has caused major population movements, and the UN

estimates that over 2 million people have been displaced and up to 400 000 people have been

killed since the beginning of the conflict.

Gereida camp, one of the largest IDP camps in the world, is adjacent to Gereida town, a former

commercial hub in South Darfur. The area is currently an SLA (Sudanese Liberation Army, a

rebel force) enclave surrounded by government controlled areas, and as such, transport, trade

and other exchanges are difficult. Severe security constraints prevent people from accessing

their homes and their farm lands, and harvests have been absent or very limited since the

beginning of the conflict. In addition, households suffer from major decapitalisation, notably

livestock, and are entirely dependent on external humanitarian aid throughout the year.

ACF was constrained to leave the camp after a violent attack end of December 2006, but the

needs of the population remain identical. ICRC took over the distributions.

Project description General food distribution to all IDPs in Gereida camp

3

2 Calculated as function of the duration of the distributed ration, not the duration of the whole project, i.e.

excluding time spend for preparations, monitoring etc. 3 ACF opened a base in Gereida in May 2006, and the first ACF distribution was organised in August 2006. The

distributions were taken over from ICRC who had organised them since August 2004.


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Modalities of distribution A food ration was distributed on a monthly basis to the heads of households (women

4), using

the grouping method. All households received an individual ration respecting their real family

size, as opposed to the former method, used by ICRC, to distribute a family ration of 5 to all

households, irrespective of their real family size. The food was piled into heaps of 20 and 60

rations, pending on the packaging. One part of the items required scooping (to finish off the

packages and to finalise the heaps). Families were organised by sheik (traditional head of

village/sub-camp) and sub-camp, to make sure the grouped rations could be easily shared

among people not living far from each other. Food sharing was done out of the distribution site,

usually back home.

There were 2 distribution points placed in strategic points of the camp, to reduce beneficiaries’

movement. All the beneficiaries were served within 10 working days, serving up to 15 000

individual rations per day. Both distribution points were used simultaneously.

At least one week before each distribution, sensitisation meetings with the sheiks of the 14 sub-

camps were organised, who were to pass the information to the population. Sheiks were

grouped by sub-camps, resulting in 5 different meetings to cover the entire camp. All

beneficiaries had ACF ration cards.

Ration distributed A full ration, covering the totality of the daily energetic needs was distributed until October

2006. Due to food shortage and in order to harmonise WFP Darfur caseload, a reduced food

ration was served in November and December, covering only a rough 1,800 Kcal/person/day

and inducing nutritional imbalances. However, as this decision was not pertinent, from January

2007 ration was coming back to full.

Full ration Reduced

ration Item

g/person/day g/person/day

Cereals 450 450

Pulses 50 13

Veg. Oil 30 23

Iodised salt 10 3

Sugar 30 8

CSB 50 37

Total 620 532

Targeting criteria IDPs living in Gereida camp.


• First phase – physical headcount: In July, ACF actively participated in the physical

headcount of IDPs organised by ICRC. The teams toured the camp during two days,

physically counting all the huts and all the people present in the huts. Huts and people

were marked with ink once included in the lists, to avoid double counting.

• Second phase – computerisation of lists: Lists were computerised by ACF, and

organised by sub-camp and the sheik (traditional leader). It was soon clear that the

beneficiary figure was overestimated: people from the adjacent town had set up their

4 Women were designed as card holders due to polygamy and security reasons – distribution sites tend to remain

calmer when women are involved in majority.

Energetic contents for full ration


Lipids 19,3%

Proteins 11,8%


12

“huts” or “migrated” into an IDP family during the headcount and people (both IDPs

and town dwellers) were “recycled” from hut to hut to increase the family size.

• Third phase – cross-checking and cleaning: Extensive monitoring and sensitisation of

sheiks took place, and physical checks were organised in sub-camps, where absent

people were taken off the lists. Sheiks were also asked to provide new cleaned lists, that

ACF cross-checked in the field. The cleaning resulted in a reduction of beneficiaries

from 131 364 to 122 902, as synthesised in the table below.

Month September October November December

# bnf 131 364 128 065 127 897 122 902

Modalities of monitoring A Post Distribution Monitoring (PDM) was undertaken every month after the distribution. It

consisted of a stratified random sample household survey, using standardised questionnaires

following key indicators, and focus groups discussions, which were conducted on specific

topics. A market survey allowed monitoring the availability and prices of food in the local

market, as well as the potential impact of the food distributed. A Food Basket Monitoring

(FBM) was planned from January 2007 on, but never took place as ACF left Gereida.

Type of procurement of food The whole ration was supplied by WFP, who delivered on a monthly basis the food to ACF

stocks, adjacent to the 2 distribution points. The average tonnage per month was 2 196 Mt, and

8 785 Mt for the whole period.

Human Resources

Quantity Total months Status

Head of Base 1 6 E

Food Aid Officer 2 6 E

Logisticians 2 6 E

Supervisor 1 6 N

Team Leader 3 6 N

Monitors 14 6 N

Casual workers distribution 36 4 N

Casual workers logistics 74 4 N

Total 134 This table only displays essential staff directly involved in the distributions

E = expatriate; N = national staff NB Gereida base was opened for the food aid � important human resource needs for the set up.

Casual workers were used during the distribution period, in organising the distribution site.


13

Budget

Personnel Expatriate 19,635 EUR

National 18,463 EUR

Food In-kind valorisation 1 491 438 EUR

Food Rations 0 EUR

Quality controls 0 EUR

Transport Local contracted transport 36 083 EUR

Vehicles 3 111 EUR

Storage Distribution, storage and daily labour 4 619 EUR

Communication 0 EUR

Total 1 573 349 EUR

NB Gereida base was opened for the food aid � important budgetary needs for the set up.


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3.2 Russian Federation – Chechnya: Targeted food distribution

Title of the Operation To improve basic living conditions of war affected population living in the mountainous area of

Chechnya (Ingushetia and Chechnya – Russian Federation)


Duration in months: 13 months (forced stand-by in November/December 2006)

Total number of direct beneficiaries: average 8 710 (scaling down on-going)

Operation specific objective To contribute to cover immediate needs of vulnerable and war affected populations

Total budget of the Operation: 1 215 411 EUR

Specific budget of the FA project: 520 515 EUR

Cost/beneficiary/month of distributed ration: 4.98 EUR

Donor: ECHO

Source of food: local purchase by ACF

Context of intervention Shatoi, Sharoi and Itum Kale districts and the towns of Chisky-Dachu-Borzoi are situated in the

southern mountains of Chechnya. The area, particularly Sharoi and Itum Kali districts, are very

remote and isolated, with numerous villages inaccessibles during the winter. The structural

vulnerability of the area has been aggravated by years of low-intensity warfare and military

operations, which take place daily and heavily affect the civilian population. The access to

already limited farming land and pasture became even more scarce due to mining, livestock

perished, work opportunities were non-existing and commercial exchanges ground to a halt.

Security was extremely tense and expatriates could not access the areas for several years due to

elevated risk of kidnapping. All actvities were put in place in remote control.

During the last few years, the situation has improved – the military actions are less intense

(although still take place on a weekly basis), trade has increased significantly (� better access

to food) and traditional Russian social security systems are functional again. Direct assistance

has become less appropriate, and longer term food security interventions are better suited to

tackle with the current situation

Project description Targeted distribution of 3-month pre-packaged individual food rations. The food aid

distributions initially covered the entire population (roughly 19,000 people) and were

considered as an income transfer. Given the decreasing needs (see above), a scaling down

strategy was put in place in 2004. A complete phase out will take place before the summer

2007. Since 2004, longer terms food security programmes have been put in place to buffer the

effect of reduced food aid, including beekeeping, small animals and income generating

activities.


15

Modalities of distribution A 3-monthly individual food ration was distributed in 4 cycles per year. Rations were

individually pre-packaged by the supplier and consisted of a sack of flour and a kit containing

the other food items.

There were 29 distribution sites, which were organised depending on the number of

beneficiaries and the accessibility for beneficiaries and trucks. They were located between a 3

to 10 hours drive from ACF base/stock. The distributions took 1 to 2 days per site, and 100 to

400 beneficiaries were served per day.

Due to the insecurity in the zone, notably the risk of kidnapping expatriates, all projects were

on remote control, and implemented by the national staff (kidnapping targeted expatriates

only).

Ration A complementary ration, given other sources of food existed. The 3-month parcel per person

included:

Food Items g/person/day Kg/person/

3 months

Wheat flour 164.8 15

Oil 33 3

Sugar 16.5 1.5

Rice 8.2 0.75

Iodized Salt 5.5 0.5

Total 228 20.75

Targeting criteria The distributions initially covered the entire population, but became targeted in 2004.

Beneficiaries were targeted on a household basis5, dependency ratio i.e. the number of working

aged people compared with the number of dependents, being the underlying principle. New

elements for targeting were added all along 2006 in consultation with the local authorities (see

table below), given the phasing out of direct aid.

Cycle 1 2 3 4

Targeting

criteria

- Households with

numerous children (3+)

- Single parent households

- Elderly headed households

- Host families for orphans

- Elderly persons (60+)*

- Handicapped persons*

- Households with

numerous children (3+)

- Households with young

children (under 2 years)

- Household with

numerous children (3+) **

- Households with young

children (under 2 years)

# bnf 10 287 8 477 8 573 7 505 * Food ration distributed on an individual basis

** Age limit for “child” was reduced from 20 years to 17 years

Type and modalities of registration Community based registration with ACF monitoring: The initial lists were provided by the

Heads of Administration, and a physical check was systematically implemented on 15% of the

households. If more than 10% of error was found the Heads of Administration were asked to

5 With a few exceptions, see table below.

Kcal (pers/day) 955 kcal

Lipids 33%

Proteins 6,7%

The ration covered approximately 50%

of the recommended daily calorific

requirements.


16

provide new lists, and the distribution was postponed. All lists were entered into a database to

avoid double registration, using the national identity card number as the key information.

Modalities of monitoring A PDM was conducted 3 to 6 weeks after the distribution by a team of food security monitors,

including market surveys and household questionnaires.

Type of procurement of food Local purchase by ACF, following negotiated procedures. 3 weeks were needed from the order

to the reception of goods. The main suppliers were located in Stavropol region and delivered

directly to the warehouse in Nazran – Ingushetia (ACF base). ACF transported the food from

Nazran to the distribution points, which could take up to 1 full day.

For the whole period 755 Mt6 were distributed, with approximately 187 Mt per cycle.

Human Resources

Position Quantity Total months Status

Food security officer* 1 12 E

List monitoring officer 1 12 N

List monitoring assistant 1 12 N

Distribution officer 1 12 N

Distribution officer assistant 1 12 N

Daily workers 15 12 N

Total 20 * Also in charge of the food aid distributions

This table only displays essential staff directly involved in the distributions

E = expatriate; N = national staff

Budget

Personnel Expatriate – Coordo FS 53 636 EUR

National 76 473 EUR

Food In-kind valorisation 0 EUR

Food Rations 331 771 EUR

Quality controls 1 500 EUR


Customs EUR

Vehicles 3 213 EUR

Storage Warehouse 20 160 EUR

Logistics daily workers 4 690 EUR

Communication 0 EUR

Total 520 515 EUR

6 This quantity is extrapolated from an average of 3 distributions.


17

3.3 Afghanistan – Dai Kundi: Targeted food distribution + Food for work

Title of the Operation Mitigate the consequences of the 2006 drought situation in Nili, Marmoor and Sharestan

districts, Day kundi province, Afghanistan.


Duration in months: 6 months, of which 2 months of distribution

Total number of direct beneficiaries: 23 700 people (3 950 vulnerable families)

Operation specific objective: To allow vulnerable families to address their food needs during the coming winter and to

prevent erosive coping mechanisms that would further threaten future livelihoods.

Total budget of the Operation: 504 852 EUR



Donor: ECHO and WFP

Source of food: WFP in-kind and local purchase by ACF (see below for more detail)

Context of intervention Day Kundi Province belongs to Hazarajat, the mountainous central part of Afghanistan. It is a

very isolated province, relying on agriculture, which has been continuously and very seriously

affected by drought in the past 8 years (excluding 2005). The area is not accessible after the

first snowfalls, between December and March-April.

Although ACF was planning to put in place mid and long-term programs in the area, the

drought of 2006 led to an emergency situation that required short term emergency food aid, to

address the consequences of the lack of snow and rainfall:

• a shortage of food from own production (highly reduced stocks)

• a decrease of the purchasing power, stopping the most vulnerable people from buying

the complementary food and seeds for the coming harvest.

Project description Targeted distribution of one 3-month free family food ration to 1,600 families (40% of the

beneficiaries), without adequate work force.

Food for work (FFW)7 for 2,400 families (60% of the beneficiaries): male members working on

road rehabilitation (around 150 km). Teams of around 30 workers were created and works went

on for 1,5 months.

The project was implemented together with a seeds and fertiliser distribution (targeting

beneficiaries who had access to land).

7 Officially Food for Work (FFW) projects are called Food for Asset Creation (FFAC) in Afghanistan


18

Modalities of distribution A 3-month family ration of food was distributed in one shot. Rations were distributed through

grouping 5 family rations together, considering an average family size of 5 members. One part

of the ration required scooping (to finish off the packaging and to finalise the heaps).

There were two ACF bases in the area and a total of 10 distribution sites, one per valley: 6 in

Nili and 4 in Sharestan. The distribution process took one month, and an average of 500-600

families were served per day. It was the head of the household who collected the food. The two

distributions, free food and food for work took place at the same time. The food for work

distributions had to be organised before all the work was completed, due to the beginning of the

winter.

During the period of work, distribution cards were handed out to workers and vulnerable

households. Sensitization on the distribution process and the type and quantity of food to be

received was organised.

Ration A full ration, covering the totality of the daily energetic needs was distributed both for food for

work and for the free food distribution.

Item g/person/

day

Kg/person/

month

Total

(Mt)

Wheat 540 16.2 839

Oil 36 1 64

Pulses 60 1.8 107

Salt 6 0.2 11

Total 642 19.2 1 021

Targeting criteria Beneficiaries receiving free food aid:

• Female-headed families and families without able-bodied male members.

• Landless households

• Households with limited land holdings (less than 1 jerib of rainfed or irrigated land)

• Households with limited livestock (less than 1 oxen and less than 3 heads of sheep

and/or goats).

• Households with less than one month of food stock (including the food distributed by

WFP during the school winterisation program).

Beneficiaries participating in the FFW:

• Households with limited land holdings (between 1 and 3 jeribs)

• Households with limited livestock (less than 1 oxen and less than 3 heads of sheep

and/or goats).

• Households with less than 2 months of food stock (including the food distributed by

WFP during the school winterisation program).

Type and modalities of registration Community based registration with ACF monitoring: vulnerable families were identified with

the contribution of shuras (local authorities) and elders of the communities, following pre-

defined targeting criteria. A first list of beneficiaries was established, and then randomly

checked by ACF surveyors immediately after reception. If discrepancies were encountered,

shuras were requested to establish a new list, which was partially crosschecked. The list was

made public and a time was set for surveyors to receive and deal with complaints.


Lipids 19,9 %

Proteins 14 %


19

Modalities of monitoring A PDM was carried out 3 months after the distribution, only once the site became accessible

after the winter. A rapid and sporadic monitoring was put in place to have a first feedback on

the distribution. ACF surveyors randomly interviewed some beneficiaries a few days after

distributions, to collect information on quantity and quality of food they received and the way

they planned to use it.

Type of procurement of food

• WFP in-kind donation: wheat and pulses (see table below)

• Local purchase by ACF: oil, salt, wheat and pulses (see table below)

Supply Wheat Oil Pulses Salt Total Mt

WFP 498 - 71 - 569

ACF 341 64 36 11 452

Total 839 64 107 11 1021

The total volume of food distributed was 1 021 Mt (569 from WFP and 452 from ACF).

ACF purchased the goods in Kaboul following a negotiated procedure: 4 suppliers were

contacted. Criteria of price, availability and technical specifications of the food determine the

selection of the supplier. Goods were transported by the supplier to ACF base in Dai Kundi,

and then transported to the distribution points by ACF. The food was paid fully only when it

reached the bases.

Until the beginning of the distribution, food was stocked in open sites, closely watched by

watchmen. No security incident took place.

No market survey was done prior to purchase. Quality controls were not adequately done either,

because of a lack of time. Food was only organoleptically checked at the supplier’s warehouse,

at reception and at the distribution sites.

Human Resources


Head of base 1 3 E


Food Security Program Manager 1 3 N

Team Leader 2 3 N

Monitors 10 3 N

Data Entry Officer 2 0.75 N





20

Budget

Personnel Expatriate 22 950 EUR

National 11 528 EUR

Food In-kind WFP valorisation 183 312 EUR

ACF food purchase 266 162 EUR


Vehicles 0 EUR

Storage Distribution, storage and daily labour 900 EUR

Communication 0 EUR

Total 504 852 EUR


21

3.4 Laos – Xavsomboun special zone: Food for Work

Title of the Operation Humanitarian assistance for vulnerable and forgotten communities in Xaysomboun Special

Zone (Northern Laos).


Duration in months: 12 months, of which approx. 5 weeks of distribution

Total number of direct beneficiaries: approximately 7 025 people (households of 1 406

workers)

Operation specific objective To distribute enough rice to cover the shortage period of the targeted villages

Total budget of the Operation: 510 000 EUR (excluding WFP in-kind valorisation)

Specific budget of the FA project: N/A EUR

Cost/beneficiary/month of distributed ration: N/A

Donor: WFP and EC


Context of intervention ACF works in Muang Long, where the government has implemented a policy of forced

resettlement of remote mountain villages populated by ethnic minority groups, notably Akhas

and Kouis. The resettled villagers loose access to land, their main source of food and income,

and risk destitution in their new location. Access to irrigation and roads is essential in the

decision to resettle – villages with road access and irrigation facilities will not be relocated. In

addition to the risk of resettlement, food shortages are common during the annual hunger gap.

Sanitary situation is also worrying and the areas hardly benefit from development programmes.

ACF is present in Muang Long since 2000, and has helped mountain people to become

sustainable, while respecting their ethnic specificities and culture.

Project description Food for work for the construction of irrigation systems and roads

8. Technicians, including an

ACF civil engineer, estimated the total volume and nature of work to be accomplished. Based

on this, the equivalent amount of rice was calculated and a food request sent to WFP.

In addition to FFW, ACF implemented projects on water and sanitation, food security and civil

engineering.

Modalities of distribution A scooped food ration was distributed to the workers at the completion of the work, before the

beginning of the hunger gap. Prior to the distribution, the technicians performed a final

measurement and quality check to determine the actual volume of work completed and to

8 If a mountain village was linked by a road to the main road and had an irrigation system, it could not be forcibly

resettled.


22

calculate the final quantities to be distributed. A distribution site was installed in every village,

in order to facilitate the distribution for the beneficiaries. There was one day of distribution per

village.

Ration The workers received a complementary ration of rice. The maximum ration per family and year

was 550 kg (determined by WFP and estimated to cover a rice shortage of 3-4 months), with an

average salary of 6.5 kg rice/worker/day. Hence, the total amount per household varied

depending on the amount of work done.

Targeting criteria The villages were targeted through geographical targeting. A general food security survey

identified approximately 60 most vulnerable villages in the Xaysomboun Special Zone being at

risk of forced resettlement (ethnic minority) and with at least 50% of the households facing an

annual food shortage of more than 3 months. Villagers’ motivation and willingness to

participate were also assessed, and paddy fields suitable for irrigation were identified (if any).

All households of the village were eligible to participate, and minimum 20% of the participants

had to be women.

Type and modalities of registration ACF registration according to above criteria. An ACF technician visited the village to establish

the lists and to put in place “work contracts” (letter of understanding), which detailed the

modalities and the roles and the responsibilities of each actor. The contracts were signed by

both the village and ACF. Each worker received a numbered beneficiary card for identification

purposes. The third step was to organise the mobilisation of the workers to the field.

Modalities of monitoring An attendance sheet was put in place to monitor the presence of workers on the field, and the

technical team supervisors monitored the quality of work through field visits. A light PDM was

conducted in order to know the use of the rice (consumed, sold, exchanged, etc.), but was not

implemented regularly.

Type of procurement of food WFP in-kind. WFP sent the rice directly to every village or the closest road point. ACF

organised the transport to the village through porterage, when necessary. No storage was

required.

Human Resources


Civil Engineer 1 12 E

Team Supervisor 1 12 N

Food Aid monitor 2 12 N

Translator 1 12 N




23

Budget


National (accommodation FFW workers) 6 600 EUR

Food WFP In-kind valorisation n/a EUR

Food Rations 0 EUR


Transport Beneficiaries to work place 1 600 EUR

Vehicles (rental) 2 800 EUR

Local transport 12 432 EUR

Storage 0 EUR

Communication Radio HF 1 560 EUR

Total 53 192 (excluding WFP in-kind valorisation) EUR


24

3.5 Myanmar – Northern Rakhine State: Family ration

Title of the Operation Distribution of rations to the families of children under five and pregnant and lactating women

beneficiaries of ACF Nutrition Programme in Northern Rakhine State


Duration in months: 3.5 months

Total number of direct beneficiaries: 23 867 people (4 765 families)

Operation specific objective: To complement the basic family food needs and indirectly avoid the sharing of the

supplementary rations and erosion of the concurrent nutrition program.

Total budget of the Operation: 253 694 EUR (exchange rate USD/EUR: 1,25)



Donor: WFP and DG (for expatriate)


Context of intervention The majority of families in Northern Rakhine State, in Northern Burma/Myanmar, live in

precarious conditions. The land is concentrated among a few landowners, and the vast majority

of the population depend on casual labour in the fields for their day-to-day subsistence. During

the rainy season and when local production is insufficient, hunger gaps in the area tend to be

severe, which are also aggravated by the government policy of regional self-subsistance that

highly restrained the movements of food to the area.

The harvests of 2006 were inadequate, and ACF nutritional survey showed alarming results

already in January (18.9% of global acute malnutrition and 1.4% of severe acute malnutrition

for children from 6 to 59 months, with 53.7% of chronic malnutritions (stunting)). These high

chronic and acute malnutrition rates result from poor health and lack of access to sufficient

food of adequate quality. Moreover, at the time of implementing the project, the price of rice

had increased (+40% since the beginning of 2006) and the prices of other commodities were

equally high (e.g chicken +30%, oil +25%), resulting in a marked decrease of the purchasing

power of the families.

Project description Targeted distribution of monthly family rations of free food during three months of hunger gap

to families having one malnourished member. This project came to complement other on-going

ACF projects in the area:

• Treatment of severe and moderate acute malnutrition

• Food security activities (Food production, IGA, surveillance)


25

Modalities of distribution 3 cycles of 1-month family ration distributions were organised, covering the hunger gap. One

family ration provided food for an average family size of 5 members. Each household received

one ration.

ACF scooped and prepackaged the beans prior to the distribution, but oil was prepackaged at

the distribution point. Rice was packaged in 50 kg bags, not requiring scooping.

The distributions were done at the Supplementary Feeding Centres (SFC), but not the same

days as supplementary feeding. During the first cycle, distributions took three weeks.

Distributions were finalised within ten days during the last two cycles, when simultaeous

distributions were organised. Between 150 and 250 households were served per day.

There were 10 distribution points, placed within 500 m from every SFC and close to the main

road, in order to facilitate access. Travel time to the distribution points from the base varied

between 1 and 4-5 hours, and sometimes the teams spent the night at the distribution site.

Travel was done by boats and trucks, and the rainy seasons complicated things. WFP delivered

the food in the distribution points.

The distribution teams sensitised community leaders, one week before the beginning of the

distribution, in order to inform them about the specific population targeted. The family ration

distribution calendar and the distribution process were explained to ACF beneficiaries during

the therapeutic ration distribution in SFCs.

Ration A complementary family ration, based on an average family size of 5 members.

Item g/person/day Kg / HH /

month

Total (Mt)

Rice 333,33 50 481,4

Beans 66,67 10 96,28

Oil 18,00 2,7 28,88

Total 418,00 62,7 606,56


Lipids 13 %

Proteins 9,3 %

Targeting criteria � Families of children between 6 and 59 months with moderate acute malnutrition

� Families of pregnant and lactating women (18-45 years) with moderate acute

malnutrition.

� Families of children between 6 and 59 months and women (18-45 years) with severe

acute malnutrition.

Type and modalities of registration Beneficiary lists of the Supplementary Feeding Centre were used and additional nutritional

screenings were organised to identify other malnourished persons.


26

Modalities of monitoring ACF conducted a PDM after each round to analyse the impact of the distribution and to ensure

the quality of the distribution process. A baseline study was conducted prior to the distribution

to define key indicators and collect baseline values. These indicators were used for the PDM

throughout the project.

Type of procurement of food WFP delivered the food from 2 warehouses situated in Maungdaw and Buthidaung directly to

the distribution points, where it was stocked for up to two weeks prior to the distributions. At

the time of collecting the food, ACF randomly checked its quality and quantity.

The total volume of food distributed was 607 Mt.

Human Resources


Food Aid Officer 1 3.5 E

Distribution supervisor 1 3.5 N

Team Leader 5 4 N

Distribution point animator

and monitors 15 N

Watchmen 2.5 3.5 N


Total 93.5 This table only displays essential staff directly involved in the distributions


Budget


National 9 655 EUR

Food WFP In-kind valorisation 228 358 EUR


Transport Loading/uploading 1 477 EUR

Vehicles (rental, fuel and maintenance) 8 867 EUR

Storage Warehouse rental 1 756 EUR

Store renovation & rehabilitation 514 EUR

Communication 140 EUR

Total 253 694 EUR

Note: WFP did not finance expatriates


27

3.6 Burundi – Kayanza and Ngozi: Family ration

Title of the Operation: Family rations distribution to nutritional centres’ beneficiaries in the provinces of Kayanza and

Ngozi in the north of Burundi


Duration in months: 4 months, of which 6 weeks of distribution

Total number of direct beneficiaries: 58 385 beneficiaries (11 677 families)

Operation specific objective To limit the effects of an especially difficult hunger gap in the provinces of Kayanza and

Ngozi.




Donor: CIAA

Source of food: regional purchase by ACF

Context of intervention The food security situation in Burundi in general, and Kayanza and Ngozi provinces in the

North of the country in particular become worrying already in January 2005 as the number of

beneficiaries in the nutritional feeding centres (SFC/SNS and TFC) increased. The degradation

of food security was partly linked to structural factors, notably demographic pressure and soil

degradation, but was aggravated by climatic hazards, resulting in two consequent harvest

failures, ensuing inflation of prices. In addition, mosaic (crop disease) had destroyed almost the

totality of manioc (used for traditional “gap” cultivation, aimed at buffering shocks), and coffee

harvest (traditional cash crop and the main source of cash) was unprecedented low. The hunger

gap, which normally lasts from October to December, started already in August and was

expected to last longer.

Project description Targeted distribution of 20-day complementary family rations for families with one

malnourished member, for two cycles to cover the hunger gap. The project complemented other

ACF projects in the area:

• Treatment of severe malnutrition and moderate malnutrition in collaboration with the

provincial offices of the Ministry of Health

• Food security activities (Food production, livestock, IGA)


28

Modalities of distribution 2 cycles of 20-day family ration distributions were organised. Rations were distributed through

grouping 5 family rations together, considering an average family size of 4 members9. Each

household received one ration per distribution period. Scooping was used in the Therapeutic

Feeding Centres, which distributed to a lower number of beneficiaries. Sensitisation took place

in advance through the community or valley leaders, managers of the health centres and posters

hung in churches.

There were 21 distribution points, corresponding to the SFC/SNS and TFC/SNT locations.

Distribution of the supplementary feeding ration (nutrition) and the family ration distribution

took place at the same time. Nutritional screening was organised at the distribution points,

following the regular SCF protocol and to make sure the beneficiaries fulfilled the criteria. This

was nevertheless very timely and entailed some confusion at the distribution site.

Each distribution cycle took about 3 weeks and there were 3 weeks in between the distributions.

Two distributions could be organised simultaneously, but expatriates had to be present at all

distributions, to help maintain order.

Ration A complementary family ration, based on an average family size of 4.

Item g/person/day Kg/HH/

20jours

Total (Mt)

Corn flour 249.75 19.98 477.66

Oil 22.5 2 42.989

Beans 125.25 10.02 238.83

CSB 30 2.4 57.319

Salt 3.75 0.3 7.165

Total 431.25 34.5 823.964

Targeting criteria

• Families of children between 6 and 59 months with moderate acute malnutrition

• Families of pregnant and lactating women, (18-45) with moderate acute malnutrition.

• Families of children between 6 and 59 months and women (18-45) with severe acute

malnutrition.

If malnutrition was suspected in untargeted population members (children over 5, teenagers or

adults), they were weighted and measured and if confirmed malnourished they were considered

eligible for the family ration.

Type and modalities of registration ACF mobile nutritional teams screened all children under 5 (under 110 cm, according to WHO

norms) 3 weeks prior to distribution. Firstly, a MUAC10

screening took place to identify

children at risk, who were then weighted and measured. The moderately malnourished were

referred to SFC for treatment of moderate malnutrition, and the severely malnourished were

referred to CNT/SNT for treatment of severe malnutrition. The day of the distribution

malnourished children were again weighted and measured, and provided with a beneficiary

card, if malnutrition was confirmed, which gave them access to the family ration11

. Pregnant

9 Average family size was 5, but one member (the malnourished) already received the supplementary ration from

the SFC. Initially the ration was to cover all 5 members but had to be cut down due to budgetary constraints. 10 Mid Upper Arm Circumference

11 As mentioned above, this was timely and entailed some confusion at the distribution site.


% Lipids 16.8

% Proteins 13.3


29

women over 6 months were also systematically weighted and measured during the distribution,

to check their nutritional status (BMI).

Modalities of monitoring A PDM was organised between the two distribution cycles and after the last distribution. Data

was collected through semi-directive interviews and household questionnaires. A market survey

analysed the impact of the distribution on the local market and the overall availability of food.

Type of procurement of food Regional purchase by ACF, following standard ACF procedures. Local purchase was

disregarded to avoid negative impacts on the local market, given the weak food availability in

Burundi. A tender was published in Uganda and Kenya, and sent to a supplier in South Africa.

Even if quality certificates were requested at the time of the purchase, a systematic quality

control was performed (expiration date, lot numbers and organoleptic and bacteriological

checks). The supplier guaranteed transport to ACF Ngozi warehouse, and ACF ensured

transport to the distribution sites. As a reference, the tender was published in August-September

and goods were delivered at the beginning of November. They were sent from Uganda and

Kenya by road. Customs clearance took 3 weeks, but could be done in Ngozi. The total volume

of food distributed was 823.964 Mt.

Human Resources


Food aid officer 2 3 months E

Monitors and screeners 20 3 months N

Casual distribution workers 8 1.5 month N

Security responsible 4 3 months N

Watchmen (casual) 10 1.5 month N

Warehousemen (full time) 15 3 months N

Warehousemen (casual) 5 0.5 months N



Logistics coordinator and the log-admin of the base contributed a lot to the implementation of

the project, notably the purchase of food, storage, transport and management of security. A

significant number of personnel was affected to management of security, given the unstable

situation.

Budget


National 19 069 EUR

Food Food Rations 381 788 EUR

Quality control 1 500 EUR

Transport Customs 16 053 EUR

Travelling 874 EUR

Trucks 29 500 EUR

4x4 vehicles 19 150 EUR


Items needed for distribution 6 968 EUR

Communication Handsets and VHF mobiles 900 EUR

Total 500 002 EUR


30

3.7 Indonesia – Java: Blanket under five distribution

Title of the Operation: Emergency assistance to earthquake affected population (central Java).


Duration in months: 1.5 months

Total number of direct beneficiaries: 12 008 children under 5

Operation specific objective: To provide emergency basic food and non-food items (NFI) assistance to the earthquake

affected population of two sub-districts of Java.



Cost/beneficiary/project: 6 EUR

Donor: ACF funds

Source of food: international purchase by ACF (tsunami stocks already in Indonesia)

Context of intervention A 6.2 scale earthquake hit Java, one of the biggest and wealthiest islands of Indonesia, on 27

th

May 2006. The earthquake caused major damage of housing and infrastructure, and the main

sources of income (trade, farming/livestock and tourism) were ruptured, as the majority of

people tried to cope with the destruction of their house. Markets in urban areas showed slight

inflation, while rural markets remained closed in the direct aftermath of the earthquake. The

initial ACF assessment found, however, that food needs were covered by spontaneous

assistance and no major food gaps were observed. Nevertheless, specific food for young

children was not available.

Project description One shot blanket distribution of a 14-day complementary ration to children under 5 years.

Emergency water and sanitation projects and a NFI distribution were put in place concurrently

with the blanket distribution.

Modalities of distribution One cycle of 14-day pre-packaged BP5 ration was distributed to all children under five. Each

ration consisted of 3 boxes of BP5 - no re-packaging nor scooping was hence necessary. In the

immediate aftermath of the disaster, the rations were given to the heads of the dosun or sub-

dosun (villages), who were responsible for the redistribution to the concerned families. On a

second stage, ACF distributed directly to the targeted families. On a third stage when NFI

distributions were also on-going, both BP5 and the NFI were distributed simultaneously.

Nutritional education sessions on the use of BP5 were organised during the distributions.

The distribution took 1.5 months, and an average of 1 300 rations were served per day. There

were 20 distribution points, one per village, situated between 30 minutes and 1 hour from the

ACF base.


31

Ration A complementary individual BP5 ration for 14-days

* Note that the daily energetic needs of a child

under five are approximately 1,350 Kcal.

Targeting criteria Targeting was done in two steps. Firstly, a geographical targeting was put in place, using the

following indicators:

• Level of destruction of houses and infrastructure

• Capacities of the victims to restore their belongings

• Coverage by other actors (national or international assistance). Priority was given to

remote areas.

Secondly, all children under 5 in these specific geographical areas were targeted.

Type and modalities of registration Community managed registration. In the immediate aftermath of the earthquake, the local

Posco leaders provided ACF with ready-made lists, where all the children under five were

already identified12

. Only a minimal cross-checking was organised in order to proceed rapidly

to the distributions (food was already in place, and it was a priority to dispatch it to the

populations). Community assistance management groups were put in place when the immediate

emergency was over, and all the lists were systematically cross-checked by ACF.

Modalities of monitoring A PDM was carried out 10 days after distribution, and a report disseminated to all stakeholders.

Type of procurement of food International purchase by ACF. The BP5 was part of the ACF Tsunami stock (since 2005), and

was hence in Indonesia (Aceh) at the time of the earthquake. The goods were transported to

Java by air. The total volume of food distributed was 18 Mt.

Human Resources


Food Aid Officer 1 1,5 E

Team Leader 1 1 N

Monitors 8 1 N

Casual workers distribution 2 0,5 N



3 logisticians were mobilised for the implementation of the whole intervention (NFI, water and

sanitation and food distribution).

12 The concept of “child under five” is well known and understood in Indonesia as the Indonesian government

proposes various activities and benefits for this age category.

Food item g/pers/day Kg/pers/

14 days Total (Mt)

BP5 107 1.5 18

Kcal (pers/day) 490 kcal*

Lipids 33,4%

Proteins 12,8%


32

Budget


National 1 492 EUR

Food In-kind valorisation 0 EUR

Food Rations 55 024 EUR


Transport Local contracted transport EUR

Vehicles 4 840 EUR

Storage Distribution, storage and daily labour EUR

Communication Purchase of satphone 8 490 EUR

Total 72 632 EUR


33

3.8 Somalia – Wajid: Blanket under five distribution

Title of the Operation: Emergency high-protein food blanket distribution for children under five in Wajid District,

Somalia


Duration in months: 6 months, of which 8 weeks of distribution

Total number of direct beneficiaries: 7 784 children under five

Operation specific objective To prevent further degradation of the nutritional status of the children under five in Wajid

District




Donor: DFID and MAE

Source of food: International purchase by ACF

Context of intervention Somalia has been victim of a widespread humanitarian crisis for the last decades. The on-going

conflict and disputes between clans, as well as recurrent climatic hazards (droughts, floods)

regularly affect the population in Wajid district, a semi-arid area in Southern Central Somalia.

In 2006, another drought hit the region. The global acute malnutrition rates that had for long

exceeded critical levels, deteriorated markedly from January to July 2006: global acute

malnutrition rate passed from 14.7% to 33.5% and severe acute malnutrition from 2.2% to

5.4%, while the population had only just started to feel the effects of the drought. WFP planned

to implement a general food distributions but had not planned any specific items for children

under 5, specifically at risk. In addition, previous experiences showed that WFP was not timely

in its interventions and that pipelines ruptures were common, thus jeopardising the planned

general distribution.

Project description Blanket distribution of complementary monthly rations to children under five. The intervention

was put in place in close collaboration with the nutrition department, who treats acute

malnutrition. ACF had also food security programmes (cash for work, food production) and

water and sanitation activities on-going.

Modalities of distribution A 1-month individual ration of high energy biscuits was distributed for 2 cycles. Biscuits were

crushed and repackaged in individual bags prior to distribution, to reduce the risk of re-sale and

misuse. Repackaging the biscuits entailed a product loss of approximately 5%.

Villages were informed of the distribution a few days prior to the distribution and sensitised on

the ration composition and utilisation: it was a supplementary ration, not replacing usual food


34

intake, and was to benefit children only. The communities were also required to guarantee the

security during the distribution. On the day of the distribution the registration cards were

stamped and the distribution lists signed. Culinary demonstrations on the use of the ration

(porridge preparation) and hygiene education sessions were put in place, and a nutritional

screening team systematically measured children’s MUAC13

to detect severely malnourished

cases and referred them for treatment.

There were 22 distribution sites, covering 69 villages. On average, 400 beneficiaries were

served daily, but the caseload varied between less than a hundred to 1,200 children in the only

urban distribution point. Distribution points were maximum 2,5 hours away from ACF’s base.

A close collaboration with the beneficiaries’ communities during the distribution was vital to

guarantee a minimum degree of security for the ACF distribution team.

Ration A complementary ration

Item G/person

/day

Kg/person

/month

Total (Mt)

BP5 166.7 5 72.23 * Note that the daily energetic needs of a child

under five are approximately 1,350 Kcal.

Targeting criteria Children under 5, defined as children measuring less than 110 cm (WHO norm).

Type and modalities of registration Community based registration with ACF monitoring: Local authorities and representatives

provided ACF with lists of all children under 5, which were verified by ACF teams. Height

check (under 110 cm) of a 5% random sample determined their validity. If more than 10% of

error was found, the local leader was asked to re-submit the list, which was re-verified. In

reality, the quality of the initial lists was good enough and second lists were not required.

Ration cards were then distributed to beneficiaries. The cards were attributed a serial number

corresponding to ACF lists of beneficiaries to avoid cheating.

Modalities of monitoring A PDM was organised in the weeks after completion of the distribution, covering around 50%

of the targeted villages and 5% of the targeted population. Only household questionnaires were

organised. A light market survey was carried out all along the distribution to assess the resale of

the ration.

Type of procurement of food International purchase by ACF. The logistic department (SAE) in Paris placed an order to

Compact in Finland, who supplied the food to Nairobi. The food was then transported overland

to Wajid by ACF. The whole process (from the purchase order to the reception of the food in

Wajid) took around 1,5 months and entailed some delay in the starting of the distribution. The

total volume of food distributed was 72.23 Mt.

13 Middle Upper Arm Circumference

Kcal (pers/day) 763 kcal*

Lipids 33,4%

Proteins 12,8%


35

Human Resources



Logistics Officer* 1 5 E

Head of base* 1 5 E

Distribution supervisor 1 3 N

Registrars 3 3 N

Monitors / Nutritional screeners 3 3 N

Casual workers (monitors) 2 3 N

Distributors 1 3 N

Casual workers (crushers/mixers) 22 2 N



* Not working exclusively on food aid

Budget


National 6 185 EUR

Food Food (BP5) 97 994 EUR

Quality control 1 685 EUR

Transport Transport of goods 10 106 EUR

Car rental (monitoring) 2 627 EUR

Staff travel 6 063 EUR


Packaging 624 EUR

Material: measuring jugs, gloves… 811 EUR

Communication Communication 505 EUR

Radio HF, handset, thuraya 10 156 EUR

Total 148 480 EUR * Initial budget in GBP, exchange rate GBP/EURO = 0.6729


36

3.9 Mongolia – Ulan Bator: Canteens

Title of the Operation Assistance programme to vulnerable populations of Ulan Bator - Mongolia


Duration in months: 7 months

Total number of direct beneficiaries: 1 323 beneficiaries14

Operation specific objective Improve food security and nutritional status of especially vulnerable groups in Ulan Bator


Specific budget of the FA project: same


Donor: UBS (Union de Banques Suisses)

Source of food: local purchase by ACF

Context of intervention The brutal transition from a centralised economy to a market economy in Mongolia in the

1990s lead to an important economical and social disintegration as many state owned

companies and administrations collapsed. While the official unemployment rate in the capital,

Oulan Bator, is 14%, unofficial sources of the Asian Development Bank estimate 70% of urban

unemployment. The difficult economical transition induced a marked degradation of the

household food security, due to limited purchasing power. Prices had increased and diversity of

food reduced due to the complete collapse of the agricultural sector. In addition, several natural

disasters happened consecutively (droughts, premature and severe winters) and increased the

vulnerability of the already impoverished rural populations, contributing to an increase of the

rural diaspora in the cities, mainly the capital Ulan Bator.

Approximately 35 000 people live under extremely precarious conditions in Ulan Bator, and a

large part of the households living in the suburbs face food insecurity affecting the nutritional

status of the children15

. To tackle this problematic, ACF launched urban food aid through

canteens in order to target the most vulnerable, i.e. homeless people and street children who

have no access to cooking facilities.

Project description Daily distribution of cooked meals in canteens (2 inside distribution halls), in 2 outside

distribution spots and a hospital dedicated to vulnerable population16

, all along winter

14 This number includes people who attend the “street” canteens (elders, homeless), but does not include the

inpatients of Enerel hospital as the reporting there is made by meals, given the patient turn over is high. 15

A 2004 national nutritional survey showed that 19.6% children under 5 had a late growth and 21.4% had an

anaemia. Rachitic prevalence of children between 6-23 months was 41.5%. 16 The partnership with the hospital was established as it is the only hospital in Ulan Bator offering health care to

the most vulnerable population, free of charge and without any requirements regarding official documents.


37

2005/2006, providing the most vulnerable people of Ulan Bator a minimal caloric provision

during the winter time. The program first started in December 2001.

Modalities of distribution Distribution is organised in different distribution points:

• 2 inside distribution halls are placed in highly populated districts of the city, serving one

cooked meal at lunch time, five days a week The meal is cooked in the distribution site.

Beneficiaries can eat their ration in the distribution hall, but take-home rations are provided

for sick people or young children.

• 2 outside distribution points are located in vulnerable suburbs, where a cooked meal

(prepared in the distribution halls) is served twice a week at lunch, in partnership with a

Mongolian NGO.

• Enerel hospital: 3 cooked meals per day are served to the inpatients during the 7 days of the

week. Food items are delivered to the hospital by ACF, cooked by the hospital staff and

then given to the inpatients.

A social worker is present in the distribution sites, and advices beneficiaries on social issues

(health care, administrative issues etc). A key part of her work is to help the beneficiaries to get

in contact with specialised organisations and services working with social re-insertion.

Globally, 82 093 meals were served from October 2005 to April 2006.

Ration distributed For the distribution halls and distribution spots, the complementary ration is different according

to the day of distribution:

• 3 days per week: beneficiaries received a big boll of soup with meat, vegetables and

cereals, together with a glass of tee with milk (traditional drink in Mongolia).

• 2 days per week: a dish of rice with milk

The meals composition, close to what is distributed in soup kitchen halls, is composed taking

into account the health status of the beneficiaries.

Targeting criteria Vulnerable population, divided in 3 main groups:

• Homeless people, street children and other categories of vulnerable people (such as

handicapped, retired people and single mothers without incomes) for distribution halls

• Children from disadvantaged areas for distribution spots

• In-patients at the hospital Enerel

Note that all people who show up for the distribution are accepted – see below.

Type and modalities of registration Non exclusive/self targeting is applied, i.e. everyone showing up for the distribution are served,

with the exception of Enerel hospital17

. Beneficiaries are included in the list as they came to the

distribution site, the list is hence updated on a daily basis.

Modalities of monitoring Regular monitoring visits are done by the monitoring team during the distribution period, even

a PDM in its strict form is not applied. The interviews focus both on the profile of beneficiaries,

on the perception of the quality of the food distributed and on the impact of this distribution on

their livelihood. The social worker, present in the canteens since February 2006, also

participates in the monitoring.

17 The methodology could be compared to “soupe populaire” or “Resto de Coeur” soup kitchens in France.


38

Type of procurement of food Local purchase by ACF, from the main market in Ulan Bator. Fresh foods are bought every day

and dry foods every 2 weeks, according to needs based on the stock reports.

Human Resources


Food Security Coordinator 1 7 months E

Log Assistants 1 7 months N

Social Worker 1 7 months N

Monitors 3 7 months N

Cook 4 7 months N

Cleaner 2 7 months N

Guards 6 7 months N


Budget


Technical national staff 10 000 EUR

Distribution staff (casual workers) 3 850 EUR

Food Food 21 000 EUR

Storage Hall rental and running costs 4 000 EUR

Transport Vehicle costs 3 500 EUR

Taxi cost 515 EUR

Communication Mobile & internet… 1 000 EUR

Total 69 765 EUR


39

3.10 Haiti – Gonaîves: Canteens

Title of the Operation Community Canteens for children under five in the city of Gonaîves


Duration in months: 4 months

Total number of direct beneficiaries: 13 875 children under 518

Operation specific objective To directly ensure the food needs of children under 5 and their caretaker, hence allowing a

global increase of family food consumption in the vulnerable districts

Total budget of the Operation: 271 513 EUR (excluding in-kind valorisation of WFP food)

Specific budget of the FA project: N/A

Cost/beneficiary/month of distributed ration: N/A

Donor: UNICEF and WFP

Source of food: WFP in-kind and minor ACF local purchase

Context of intervention: From September 2003, when Amyot Métayer (leader of the popular organisations of the city)

was murdered, to the fall of president Aristide at the end of February 2004, the city of Gonaîves

was the epicentre of the crisis experienced in Haiti. Throughout the period, security incidents

took place and economic activities decreased, lessening significantly the availability of basic

products and the purchasing power of the population. In this context, ACF decided to intervene

by setting up community-based canteens in the most vulnerable neighbourhoods of the city. A

participatory approach and a wet food distribution were chosen to increase the acceptance of

our action in such a tense area and to avoid potential negative impacts of the distribution on

local economy. This programme closed in the end of August 2004, but was reopened in

November 2004 after the cyclone Jeanne hit the north of Haiti, and especially the city of

Gonaîves. Torrential rains and catastrophic floods caused huge human and material damage. As

a consequence, numerous families found themselves in an extremely precarious situation and

left themselves without any resource to survive. Project description Wet food distribution in canteens, serving a plate of porridge made of CSB or Unimix, oil and

sugar to all the children under 5 (below 110 cm)19

.

Modalities of distribution Individual cooked, daily rations of baby porridge with sugar and oil were served in 16 canteens,

6 days per week. Children were accompanied by an adult.

18 This is the number of cards distributed. Note that they were used several times.

19 Individual dry rations for the caretakers were served during the first programme but were not included in the

second programme due to budget constraints.


40

The cooks prepared the porridge in large casseroles, and then scooped the individual rations to

the beneficiaries who arrived with their own dishes. There was a hygiene area to wash the

hands and the dishes. Once the food was served, beneficiaries were guided towards the exit. A

restoration area for eating was put in place in most canteens, but the beneficiaries preferred to

take the ration with them. Transportation of foodstuffs and preparation of the site started at 6

am. The canteens were open from 8 am until between 11 am and 12.30 am, depending on the

canteen and the attendance.

Training for the staff and sensitisation for population in the area on canteen rules, targeting

criteria, ration content and hygiene was organised in all project quartiers.

On average, 467 children were served per day in each canteen. All along the project 341 782

rations were served to the children.

Ration Complementary ration for children delivered 1 283 kcal. The ration was initially planned to

cover the daily nutritional needs of the children, i.e. 1 545 kcal. However, due to food

supplying problems faced by WFP it had to be reduced. Once cooked with 700 ml of water, the

individual children ration weighted between 750 and 800 grams.

Item g/children/day

CSB (or WSB20

or UNIMIX depending on WFP stock availability) 200

Sugar 30

Oil 45

Spices, mainly vanilla and cardamom

Total 275


Lipids 40 %

Proteins 11 %

During the first programme, Sprinkles micronutrient supplementation was added to ration to

prevent micronutrient deficiencies. Despite encouraging results, it could not be continued due

to funding issues.

Targeting criteria: Children under 5 years (under 110 cm) living in the cyclone affected blocks of Gonaîves and

coming to the canteens.

Type and modalities of registration: A first round of registration was done with the help of communities and cross-checked by ACF

team. Afterwards, cards were distributed to all registered children. Additional children were

added to the registration lists during the 2 first weeks of distribution. Together with registration

on the basis of age, the main criteria to access the food ration was the height of children (a bar

measuring 110cm was placed at the entry).

20 Wheat-soya-blend


41

Modalities of monitoring: 2 rounds of PDM was organised to find out about the utilisation of the distributed rations (540

households beneficiaries interviewed). It mainly focused on the distribution process, on the

quality and use of the ration (shared or not between family members) and on the impact of

distribution on household economy. A market survey was also put in place weekly in the main

markets of the city.

A short evaluation of the food security situation in the city was organized at the end of the

project.

Type of procurement of food: � WFP in-kind for CSB/WSB/Unimix and oil

� ACF purchase in local market for sugar and spices to add to the porridge (vanilla, etc..)

Human Resources:


Food Security Officer 2 4 E

Logistician 2 4 E

Community participation supervisor 1 4 N

Canteens main supervisor 1 4 N

Canteens supervisor 16 4 N

Stock manager 16 4 N

Monitors 6 4 N

Cooks 64 4 N

Other casual workers in canteens (registar, etc..) 128 4 N

Data Entry Officer 1 4 N


An average of 11 community workers was necessary to run one canteen. Note that the project

demanded large amounts of human resources.

Budget


National* 109 600 EUR

Food WFP In-kind valorisation not available

Food 7 920 EUR

Quality control 421 EUR

Transport Running costs 2x4 ACF 1 134 EUR

4x4 rental and running cost 31 728 EUR

Trucks rental and running cost 12 778 EUR


Distribution material 46 002 EUR

Communication HF and VHF 7 633 EUR

Communication cost 3 433 EUR

Total 271 513 EUR Initial budget in USD, exchange rate USD/EUR = 1.25

* Approximately half of this amount was used to employ community workers


42

Annexes

A) Human Resources: Gereida, Darfur – General food distribution

In a first stage, Gereida base was created to implement the general food distribution project,

thus all the employees were directly involved in it.


Food Aid Coordinator (Darfur) 1 6 E

Head of Base 1 6 E


Logisticians 2 6 E

Supervisor 1 6 N

Team Leader 3 6 N

Monitors 14 6 N


Casual workers logistics 74 4 N



Food Aid Officer: taking over the program from the ICRC, implementation the distribution

process, organisation of the teams on the distribution sites, managing the lists, sensitisation,

distribution process, etc… One Food Aid Officer was in charge of the PDM and the other one

was more focused on the monitoring of the lists and the distribution.

Stock logistician: management of everything concerning stock, dealing with WFP for the food

orders, coordination of the food transportation, loading, storage and preparation of the heaps in

the distribution site.

Supervisor: management of the arrival of goods, loading, storage and preparation in the 2 sites.

1 team leader per distribution site, responsible for the whole process of distribution. The third

was doing data entry and involved in the PDM organisation.

Monitor: calling beneficiaries, verification and punching cards and accompanying beneficiaries

to the heaps place. After distribution, PDM questionnaires and field monitoring in the camp.


43

B) Human Resources: Burundi – Family ration


Program Coordinator 2 3 months E

Monitors 20 3 months N

Causal distribution workers 8 1.5 month N

Security responsible 4 3 months N

Watchmen (casual) 10 1.5 month N

Warehousemen (full time) 15 3 months N

Warehousemen (casual) 5 0.5 months N



Two mobile teams were in place, to be able to organise and monitor simultaneous distributions.

Program coordinator: supervision of the whole distribution process, contacts with local

authorities and reporting.

Monitor: divided in three main categories per team:

• 4 weighting and measuring the children

• 2 checking the registration of the children in the SNS/CNT lists

• 4 distributing the ration:

o 1 grouping by 5 families

o 1 accompanying beneficiaries to the heap

o 1 marking beneficiaries

o 1 accompanying to the sharing area out of the distribution site.

They also carried out the PDM.

Security responsible: security issues in the stock area and during the distribution process.

Every site employed 4 daily distribution workers and local communities provided 5 local

watchmen per distribution site.

Permanent warehousemen: stock flow between warehouses.

5 casual were employed during the days of loading of goods coming from the supplier.


44

C) Human Resources: Somalia – Blanket under five


Head of base 1 5 months E

Food Aid Officer 1 5 months E

Logistics Officer 1 5 months E

Distribution supervisor 1 3 months N

Registrars 3 3 months N

Monitors / Nutritional screeners 3 3 months N

Casual staff for Monitors 2 3 months N

Distributors 1 3 months N

Mixers (casual workers) 22 2 months N



Head of base: overall coordination and of the relations with donors.

Food aid officer: overall organisation of the distribution: registration, sensitisation, verification

of the lists, planning and management of the distribution process, post-distribution monitoring

and relations with local authorities.

Logistics officer: all logistics aspects of the project, purchase, supply, storage, repackaging and

transportation of the high energy biscuits and all support items.

Distribution supervisor: supervision of the implementation of the distribution, supervision of

the registrars in charge of checking that all eligible beneficiaries had been registered and could

hence receive the appropriate rations.

Monitor / Nutritional screener: registration of the beneficiaries, interim post-distribution

monitoring round and final post-distribution evaluation, detect cases of moderate and severe

acute malnutrition.

2 of them: monitoring activities with the support of two casual staff.

1: nutritional education on the distribution sites, demonstration on high energy biscuits use and

a reminder of basic hygiene and nutrition rules.

Distributor: individual distribution of high energy biscuits rations on site.

Prior to the distribution, 22 “mixers” (casual workers) were hired to process the crushing of

high energy biscuits bars, the re-packaging in individual bags of required rations and the

preparation of each site supply.

Local communities were asked to provide volunteers on site for offloading.

a descriptive overview of acf food aid programmes in 10

Documents