a coopers presentation to brakel aero n.v by andrew cooper coopers blinds...

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R.I.B.A.(Royal Institute of British Architects)

C.P.D.(Continuous Professional Development)

PresentationActive Smoke & Fire

Barriers

SpeakerChuck Lewis – Coopers

© Copyright of A. Cooper Group of Companies Limited

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Introduction

to

Active Smoke Barriers


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Learning Aims

Introduction to Smoke Barriers

~What, where and why are they used, application specific

~What is the difference between them?

~What is the legislation you need to be aware of, and how must the manufacturer comply with this?

~What is the critical performance criteria?


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What is SHEVS?

Smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems (SHEVS) create a smoke free layer above the floor level by removing smoke and heat, thereby improving the conditions for safe evacuation and/or rescue and the property protection permitting the fire to be fought whilst in its early stages.

The use of smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems to create these smoke free layers has become widespread and is an integral part of building design.

Extract from BS EN12101-1:2006


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Smoke Barriers; Why are they used?

Smoke barriers are and important and critical part of this system where permitted within the SHEVS design.

The smoke barrier shall control the movement of the fire effluent in the event of a fire.

If smoke barriers are not in their fire operational position, the system (SHEVS) will not perform as designed.

However, in the event that other elements of the SHEVS do not function, smoke barriers in their fire operational position will provide essential smoke containment and channelling.



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Why are they used?

~To Stop Rapid Spread of SmokeThroughout Buildings

~Assist Occupants with Safe Evacuation

~Assist Emergency Services

~Used as a Life Safety Product


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The fire effluent will rapidly spread through a building


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Smoke Barriers contained smoke to the point of extraction


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What is an Active Smoke Barrier?

~ Like a large electrically operated roller blind

~ Concealed above a ceiling out of view

~Fire resistant fabric

~Weighted Bottom Bar

~Activated by an Alarm Signal


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Where are they used?

Void Edge Screen

Smoke barrier deployed beneath the edge of a balcony or projecting canopy. Void edge screens can either be use to create a smoke reservoir beneath the balcony or canopy or to restrict the length of spill edge in order to create a more compact spill plume


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Channeling Screens

Smoke barrier used as channelling screens beneath a balcony or gases from a room opening to the spill edge


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Reservoir Blinds

Region within a construction works limited or bordered by smoke barriers or structural elements so as to retain a thermally buoyant smoke layer in the event of a fire


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Faceted/Segmented Atrium Void Application


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Smoke Barriers

Clear

Smoke Logged


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Smoke Barrier Applications

~ Smoke reservoir boundaries

~Channelling screens

~Void edge screens

~Void sealing screens

~Corridor containment

~Shop unit containment

~Escalator containment

~Stairwell containment

~Elevator/Lift


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What is the relevant legislation?

BS EN12101-1:2006 Smoke and heat control systems. Specifications for smoke curtains

BS7346-3:1990 Smoke and heat control systems. Specifications for smoke curtains

BS476-6:1989 Fire tests on building materials and structures. Methods of test for fire propagation for products

BS476-7:1997 Fire tests on building materials and structures. Methods of test to determine the classification of the surface spread of flame of products

ISO9001:2000 Quality systems. Model for quality assurance in design, development, production, installation and servicing


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Types of Smoke Barrier

Static Smoke Barriers: (SSB)

Static smoke barriers shall be fixed in their fire operational position at all times and according to their design classification.

Active Smoke Barriers: (ASB)

Active Smoke Barriers shall be defined according to their application, e.g. life safety protection or property protection, method of operation and external initiations.


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Life Safety Application

The application of the smoke and heat control system in its fire operational

condition for the period of time required for the occupants of the premise to be alerted, and to be able to exit the premise, with the smoke and heat control system assisting in

the protection of the means of escape.


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ASB Categories

ASB1:

Smoke Barriers which fail safe in/to the fire operational position (not lower than 2.5m above the finished floor level or in any location hazardous to occupants or objects), in a controlled manner when all consumable primary and auxiliary power sources are removed, in the event of wiringor system corruption, or any combination thereof.

ASB2:

Smoke Barriers which move to/stay in the fire operational position (not lower than 2.5m above the finished floor level or in any location hazardous to occupants or objects), in a controlled manner upon external initiation but requiring a consumable power source in order to move to or be maintained in the fire operational position.


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ASB Categories

ASB3:

Smoke Barriers, conforming to type ASB1, which can be deployed to any height.

ASB4:

Smoke Barriers conforming to ASB2, which can be deployed to any height.


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ASB1 & ASB3 Smoke Barriers are “fit for purpose”

ASB1 and ASB3 do notrequire fire rated

ASB Categories


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Fitness for Purpose

The ability of a product, process or service to serve a

defined purpose under specific conditions.


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Performance Requirements and Classifications

~Temperature/time classification

~Reliability and durability of Active Smoke Barriers

~Response time of Active Smoke Barriers

~Smoke leakage (containment efficiency)


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Classification Temp °C Timemin

D30 600 30

D60 600 60

D90 600 90

D120 600 120

Temperature/Time


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Reliability & Durability

BS EN12101-1:2006 requires only – 1,000 Test Cycles

This should be done taking into account: ~capacity limits of motors; ~breaking loads; ~tear strength; ~flexural strength; ~maximum anticipated drop

*BS7346-3:1990 – 2,000 Test Cycles


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Response Times of Active Smoke Barriers

Controlled rates of descent

Active Smoke Barrier specimens types ASB1 and ASB2 shall commence movement immediately upon initiation or any initiation failure and move to their

operational position, in all operating modes, at a velocity range of between 0.06m/s and 0.30m/s.

Active Smoke Barriers types ASB3 and ASB4 which may be located in critical areas of a construction

works, e.g. escape routes, entrances/exits to escalators or stairways, shall have a velocity range of 0.06 –

0.15m/s.


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Safety Considerations

Active Smoke Barriers with long barrier movements while that cannot be fully deployed within 60s can nevertheless provide progressive

protection.

Such operation should not compromise SHEVS design e.g. if one barrier is designed to protect multiple floors around an atrium, when the fire occurs on a lower floor, the protection to higher

floors may be delayed.


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Safety Considerations

Precautions should be taken to ensure that descending barriers that provide full containment

do not cause injury, panic or confusion etc.

The use of visual or audible warnings devices and partial and progressive descent of barriers The barrier should be designed to return to a safe

condition in the event of a failure or malfunction etc.

Where this is for Life Safety it should Fail-Safe by ‘Gravity’


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Smoke Leakage (containment efficiency)

For functional reasons gaps may be required between the barrier and the construction works, and for angled and adjacent barriers. In these cases any gap should not exceed:

~ 20mm for barriers which travel up to and including 2m;~ 40mm for barriers which travel from 2m up to and including 6m;~ 60mm for barriers which travel more than 6m.

These gaps should not prejudice the‘fitness for purpose’

of the system.© Copyright of A. Cooper Group of Companies Limited

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Smoke Leakage (containment efficiency)

Overlapping barriers and conjoining bottom bars will reduce the problems of leakage and deflection.

Overlapping barriers and conjoining bottom bars will reduce the Overlapping barriers and conjoining bottom bars will reduce the problems of leakage and deflection.problems of leakage and deflection.


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Smoke Leakage (permeability of materials)

Smoke Barriers shall be manufactured from materials with a

maximum leakage rate of 25m3/h/m2 at 25Pa.


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Deflection

Movement of a smoke barrier when subjected to the buoyant force of the hot smoke, the movement of air, air pressure, or any combination thereof

Any movement can allow excessive smoke leakage. Avoid placing the barrier between columns or ensure sufficient linear bottom bar weight is applied or the use of side guides and/or channels for retention



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Deflection

Curtain between columns. Large gaps at sides and reduced smoke layer depth protection.



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Curtain between columns. Gaps at sides and reduced

smoke layer depth.

Non conjoined, adjacent curtains, either in-line or

angled.

Deflection



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Architectural Considerations


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All in one curved ceiling

interfaces

All in one corner ceiling

interfaces

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All in one curved ceiling interfaces

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General testing requirements – extract from BS EN12101-1:2006 - Annex A

Test sequence for initial type testing

The tests shall be carried out in the following sequence:

a) reliability and durability; 1,000 test operationsb) default operation to fire position; even without a consumable power sourcec) response time; at a controlled rate of descent all modesd) permeability;e) temperature/time.


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What is Fail-Safe?ASB1: Smoke barriers which fail safe in/to the fire operational position, in a controlled manner when all consumable primary and auxiliary power sources are removed, in the

event of wiring or system corruption, or any combination thereof.

Fail Safe by Gravity

Control Control EquipmentEquipment

MotorMotor

MainsMains GeneratorGenerator BatteryBattery BMSBMS


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Introduction

to

Fire Barriers


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Learning Aims

Introduction to Fire Barriers

~What, where and why are they used, applicationspecific

~What is the legislation you need to be aware of, andhow must the manufacturer comply with this?

~What is the critical performance criteria?


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What are Fire Barriers?

~Like a large electrically operated roller blind

~Concealed above a ceiling out of view

~Contained in side guide channels

~Fire resistant fabric

~Weighted Bottom Bar

~Activated by an Alarm Signal


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What are Fire Barriers?


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~Separating Element (wall/ceiling)~Compartmentise areas (non load bearing walls/ceilings) ~Void, Escalator, Stairwell Separation~Lift Lobbies~Basement Separation

Or in place of:

~Fire Shutters~Fire Doors~Fire Rated Glazing


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Separation of Shop from Mall with Partial Drop


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~No planned British or European Standards

~Currently classed as doorsets/shutter assemblies

~Requirement for fire resistance is for integrity only -not insulation

~Need to prevent fire & smoke travel

~Integrity to same level as the compartment

~30, 60, 90, 120, 240mins fire barriers are available


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PAS121:2007 Specification for active fire curtain barrier assemblies and active fire curtain barrier assemblies with smoke rating

BS EN1634-1:2000 Fire resistance tests for door and shutter assemblies. Fire doors and shutters

BS EN1364-1:1999 Fire resistance tests for non-load bearing elements for Walls

BS EN1364-2:1999 Fire resistance tests for non-load bearing elements for Ceilings

BS EN1363-1:1999 Fire resistance tests. General requirements

BS EN1363-2:1999 Fire resistance tests. Alternative and additional procedures

BS EN12101-1:2006 Smoke and heat control systems. Specifications for smoke curtains

ISO9001:2000 Quality systems. Model for quality assurance in design, development production, installation and servicing


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DH 30 Standard 30

DH 60 heating 60

DH 90 curve 90

DH 120 BS EN1363-1 120

Standard Classification Categories for Smoke Barriers

Classification Temperature Time°C min


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Fire Barriers

~Unlike fire shutters, fire barriers contain smoke

~Same requirements as smoke barriers used for life safety applications

~In addition side guides are required

~The barrier also needs to be held within the guide rails and should be capable of withstanding both pressure and impact


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Fire Testing

Up to 240 mins Integrity

Complete with

Overlap


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Fire Testing


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Impact TestingBS5324-2:1992


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Ambient Smoke Leakage TestBS476-31.1:1983

Full Size = 3x3m3.15m3/h/m2


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Signage


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Means of Escaping


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Means of Escaping


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Atrium Application


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Factory Application


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Lift Lobby Application


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Warehouse Compartment Application


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Horizontal Fire Barriers

Assessed Dimensions

5x12m


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Serving Hatch Application


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Corridor Application


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Window Boundary Application


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Escalator Application


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Marine Application


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Domestic Application


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Domestic Application


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Operating Modes

~Gravity Fail Safe Descent(as required by BS EN12101-1:2006)

~Mains Power Descent / Ascent(as required by BS EN12101-1:2006)

~Emergency Power Descent / Ascent(as required by BS EN12101-1:2006)

~Controlled Rates of Descent in all modes(as required by BS EN12101-1:2006)

~Variable & Synchronisable Speed Settings


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Status of Smoke & Fire Barriers

~If smoke barriers are not in their fire operational position, the SHEVS will not

perform as designed.

~In the event that other elements of the SHEVS do not function, barriers in their fire

operational position will provide essentialsmoke containment and channelling.

~If fire barriers are not in their fire operational position fire separation will not be instigated

which could lead to loss of life.


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Life Safety Application

~When every thing fails

~Loss of all power supplies

~Failure of batteries

~Wiring corruption

~Then the barrier must move to its fire operational position

~IF NOT….


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CoopersEdward House

Penner RoadHavant

HampshirePO9 1QZ

United Kingdom

t: +44 (0)2392 454405f: +44 (0)2392 [email protected]

Company Information


mailto:[email protected]

http://www.coopers-uk.com/

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Dubai Community Theater & Arts CentreDubai International Finance Centre

Mall of the Emirates Shopping Centre, DubaiFortnum & Mason, London

Adidas Store, ParisDundrum Shopping Centre, Dublin

Xanadu Shopping Centre, SpainLangham Place Shopping Centre, Hong Kong

Wembley Stadium, LondonGreater London Authority (London Major's Office), London

Peter Jones Store, LondonThe Royal Exchange, London

The Royal Albert hall, LondonSwiss Re Tower, London

Case Studies


http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Dubai Theatre case study.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Dubai Finance Centre.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Mall of Emirates.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/F & M case study.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Adidas case study.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Dundrum case study.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Xanadu case study.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Langham Place.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Wembley stadium.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/GLA Case Study.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Peter Jones Case Study.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Royal Exchange Case Study.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Albert Hall Case Study.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Swiss-Re Case Study.pdf

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MGM Casino, MacauSaid to be 'The 2nd Largest Mall in hte World'

‘Coopers - the 1st Manufacturer to achieve UAE Product

Listing for both Fire & Smoke Curtain (Barriers)Portsmouth's Landmark Building

Corporate Video

Press Releases


http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/CPD South Africa release.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Largest in Dubai.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/MGM release.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Festival City release.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/MGM release.pdf

http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Warringtonfire UAE release.pdf

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http://www.coopers-uk.com/resources/Literature.pdfs/Case studies/Spinnaker Tower release.pdf

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