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A BRIEF THEORY OF TIME

Hypothesis

Aleksander Uzunov newtimetheory.com

last addition to the April 11, 2004

The principle of uncertainty of Heisenberg showed that we can accurately measure the state

of a system, which is why we can not predict exactly what will be its future behavior. Solely it is possible to predict probabilities of various outputs. Exactly this particular element of

chance disturbed Einstein so much. He refused to believe that the physical laws can not make

a definite unambiguous prediction of what might happen. But no matter how we express it, the whole evidence is that quantum phenomena and the uncertainty principle are unavoidable

and they are observed in every branch of physics.

Stephen Hawking

Without having big pretentions, in these few pages I will try to describe my views concerning time, speed, movement and the interesting (to me) conclusions, to which I have come to. The reason for this was an article, published previously in the magazine "Cosmos"1 (X.1994.). It was about the so-called arrow of time, the author was Stephen Hawking. Then I asked myself whether the "arrow of time" is the right name? This would mean that the time is running smoothly and evenly, but: "In the nature there are no variations only where we have not sought." ("Resonance isomorphic principle" - K.Tomov 2). I will allow myself one more quote:

"Even in 1905 Einstein taught the physicists, that time and space are not independent concepts, but an indivisible whole space-time." ("Life in Science" - M. White, E. Gribbin). Actually something, which due to lack of a better definition, is compared with the flight of an arrow, gives an impression of a long straight line with eventual beginning and end. The problem is that this line would look somewhat out of place in a picture, composed entirely by the complex and varying curves of space and matter. Exactly those thoughts led me to the idea, described below. First, let us imagine for a moment that the whole Universe appears and disappears, so it was always so, so it is, and so it will be. Nothing prevents us from trying, right? To quote Isaac Asimov: "We have no reason to consider that this is not so." ("Gravitational collapse of the Universe"). Why? Because we can not detect a similar phenomenon with our senses. We could not see it, because our eyes vanish together with all our surrounding world. There is no device, no matter how sensitive it is, to register it for the same reasons. We do not know how long we are "here" and how long "somewhere", or rather "nowhere." That is, according to our

1 Bulgarian scientific magazine 2 Bulgarian physicist

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concepts the time between the intervals and the intervals themselves for an outside observer might be from part of a second to millions of years. One thing we can say with certainty, namely: Whenever we are "here" we are different from the previous one, i.e. there is a change. (Conclusion 1) And another thing, which for the time being we will accept as true: The difference between two adjacent intervals is the smallest possible change. (Conclusion 2) It sounds almost absurd, since it would mean that when we are "here" we will be, generally speaking, absolutely motionless, then we are "nowhere", then again "here", but more different. That is, each particle occupies a new position, or in other words, moves, but on the smallest possible distance. Like a movie. The tape rolls, the frames change twenty-four times per second. But when we watch a movie, we dont see the transitions as the eyes that otherwise do a good job, are quite imperfect. In fact, we like the movie characters, move "portionwise", but apparently our frames are much more. In principle, it would look like:

Matter

Space

Fig. 1 The appearances are depicted as points, because this follows from the second conclusion. In this perspective, this means, that MOTION IN THE UNIVERSE IS NOT EXISTS. But how if everything is moving? This requires the definition of two major systems (levels), depending entirely and solely on each other. The first system is any one of the points plotted in Fig.1. It is not subject to laws, involving movement. It identifies them by its strictly defined geometric structure. The accumulating energy is released in the form of impulse (interval), after which comes the next equilibrium (point). The second system represents an aggregate of all the successive phases of the first, or: The time is not a phenomenon that depends just on the speed of movement, it is a movement. (Conclusion 3) Let us imagine a clock. This is a device that tells us the time. There is a spring, which drives the gears and their speed is determined by a specific anchor mechanism. All watches in the world are adjusted so that the arrow on the seconds hand makes one round for exactly one minute. The concepts of second, minute, hour, etc. are defined by a world measurement system and represent a given amount of time. Determined from us. If the watch starts moving faster or slower, we say it is broken and take it to a watchmaker. But more interesting is the case, when we want to make the watch works at a different speed. We know that there are no motionless things. Someone would say: "Every night my car is absolutely motionless in the parking lot." I will remind this person that it is not only moving, but it revolves around the axis of the Earth at a speed of 465 m/sec. In turn, the Earth turns

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around the Sun, and it is a part of the galaxy, called "Milky Way", which also rotates and on top of this it goes somewhere. God only knows what is the direction of the car at any moment, as well as the total speed of all movements, but it is not difficult to guess that it is huge. From now on, if we want to slow down our clock, we have to listen to Einstein and accelerate it at a speed, approaching that of the light relative to our reference system. And if our arguments so far are correct, it will appear and disappear less times than if it is motionless relative to the Earth3. The opposite case is also logical, i.e. the Universe does not appear and disappear simultaneously, as the vibrations (let's call them so) of each separate body are defined by its speed relative to the absolute zero speed. From everything said here follows that: Time is change and depends on the frequency of vibration of a given fragment of the space. (Conclusion 4) We know that time is determined by the movement, therefore: The length of the intervals defines space and depends on the energy. Their number for a certain fragment of space defines the time. Both variables depend on speed. And the relationship between them we will call time factor (TF). Factor, because it will be a variable, ranging from a minimum critical speed to a maximum critical speed4. (Conclusion 5) Under critical speed I do not mean speed limit, but only the limits for realization of a certain condition, e.g. the Universe that we know. If we define the speed not as covered distance for a certain time, but as a frequency of vibrations, depending on the energy of motion of a fragment of space (lower frequency, higher speed), we will see that this is the definition of time, i.e.: Time is equal to the speed towards the absolute zero speed. (Conclusion 6). Now we can build a coordinate system where X is time-speed, beginning at zero and Y is the time ratio.

TF max

Y

XX 10

X X2 3

Fig. 2

3 According to Conclusion 1 4 2 3 of Fig. 2

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The curve represents the Universe. An area of it is the Universe that we know (we observe), i.e. we can not directly observe other parts of the curve. If we take a point of the area between X2 and X3 and position it on the left or right, we will get the picture, examined by Einstein and which we can foresee, using the time factor. And if we try to play, sooner or later we will come to misunderstandings, like the principle of uncertainty of Heisenberg. With regard to the speed of light, it is a constant, but only if we consider it from a certain area of the curve, i.e. we can assume that c is a difference in speeds of motion. Similar is the importance of all other constants, such as absolute zero (for temperature), as well as the ratios of weight to volume (density) and others. The intervals b, defined by the energy of motion, does not imply a smooth change in its value. It follows, that the curve in Figure 2 is a sequence of lines, parallel to the x. Their length is directly proportional to TF. And the distance between them, in the curve, expressed with space, is inversely proportional to the TF ( but if this applies to the mass of bodies, do we have reason to doubt its change?). To examine the curve and especially its beginning and end, it is necessary to make a second assumption, which will assume to be true, concerning the mechanism of vibration. We know that the particles consist of quarks and that the interactions between them are carried by gluons. Let this be the starting point. The problem is that under standard observations (accelerator-particle) a single quark can not be detected, and as we will see later, a single quark will never be detected. Why? Let's imagine that the whole space (ether) consists of gluons, with absolute zero speed5, equally spaced, i.e. they represent a kind of crystalline structure. In this case what should quarks do? To "assemble" around a gluon in the form of particle and obeying of the movement, to "disassemble", flying to the next (Fig. 3). And regarding how many gluons will be jumped over depends on the energy, illustrated by the time factor and on whether there are gluons busy with other quarks (important).

TF takes the form: b

afTF

)( , where a is the distance between two neighboring gluons

and b is the number of intervals (vibrations, frequency of matter).

Fig. 3

5 0 from the graph in Fig. 2

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Since there is a power that makes quarks assemble around a gluon, the same force will remove part of their energy of motion, when they jump over gluons. Or the question of the first law of mechanics stays open. If we follow the considerations up to now, it turns out that any "independent" body moves with constant deceleration (Conclusion 7), i.e. the factor of time tends to zero. It is important to note that the TF, tending to zero, means that it is increased to the

maximum factor of time: TFmax =1, depicting the beginning of the curve, where x1 is the lowest possible speed (Fig. 2). What would happen to such a body? The energy of motion decreases gradually and at given moment (X1) for zero time it will be transformed into another type of matter that I would call matter of first kind. The mechanism follows the gravity between quarks and gluons. We need to include a new factor - rotation of the bodies. In how many directions can one body rotate? And what is the minimum to exist in the known form of matter that is subject to gravity? The answer is: at least two (maybe more) around the intersection of the axis of rotation. The beauty and importance of the rotation consists in the fact that no matter how insignificant is the difference in the speed between the center and the periphery, it still exists, i.e. some particles, thanks to the fact that they occupied gluons have the opportunity to influence to others, while they "do not exist, increasing the path of their quarks in the space, and we can add value, corresponding to the minimum speed of rotation, depending on the TF. I think it will not be too boldly to say that: The gravity is not a force, but a phenomenon, resulting from the rotation of the objects6. It is defined by the ratio between mass and speed. (Conclusion 8) This means that each body, that stops moving, will be transformed into super-dense matter, i.e. all neighboring gluons will be occupied. (But what if it does not stop and does not rotate fast enough?). The body will be characterized by an absolute zero velocity - time, absolute density, neutral with respect to gravity, i.e. zero body. On the other hand, such a body would have produced a giant gluon vortexes in the presence of dispersion of the gluon heap or other reasons, such as own movement. Each body, located in a system with another body, keeps the rotation of the whole system, since the gravitation becomes at an angle, determined by own rotation of each body, i.e. each system can be considered as a body7. Regarding the right side of the graph.

At a given moment at a certain speed TF equal to zero will occur, i.e. within a space fragment the energy of movement exceeds the energy of gravitation quarks-gluons or, in other words zero intervals. From a mathematical point of view this would be the end of the matter and probably is. Oppositely is a factor, determined by the choice of the length of a certain line, multiple of the distance between two neighboring gluons. TF takes the form

0)(

b

anf, where n is the number of subsequent lines of space sufficient for 1b .

6 see Ch. gravity 7 Leading (central)body sets a uniform geometric plane of the whole system either solar or star (galaxies).

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TF can not equal zero outside the beginning of the coordinate system.

LEVELS OF REFLECTION and the principle of uncertainty Let us divide the Universe into parts or rather into levels of reflection. At the first level we study everything from the elementary particles downwards, and the second level involves them, plus everything else - atoms, molecules, apples (and all of neither alive nor dead cats8), stars, etc. or: - First level - movement; - Second level - interactions and the total lack of movement, concerning the elementary particles, i.e. the electron is an electron only when exists and it does not apply to the first level. And the interactions, determining the powers we know, are states of matter in the right area (due to the rotation of the bodies) in Fig. 2, applied to the left; - Third level - a total of subsequent states of second level, the difference between which is the smallest possible change. Or the phenomenon, in which an apple fell on Newton's head, is possible to monitor only at the third level of reflection. At second level we will have to study billions of apples, hanging over billion Newtons and at first ....? At the first level there is no Newton, no apples, no problem, only quarks and gluons. MULTIPLE PRINCIPLE

The location of the occupied gluons in the given segment (multiple of the distance between two neighboring gluons) is very important. Whether it is where the quarks will assemble or on their way. In the first case a delay or stroke will occur depending on whether the occupied gluon is currently occupied or the ones occupying it will go, or are in a stable steady state at that time. The geometric arrangement determines the direction and the action - bouncing, dissociation (annihilation), deceleration, acceleration. In this way a transformation into another particle (e.g. pion in muon) is possible. In the second case will occur displacement in space, respectively TF, but without any change in its value. This principle (maybe it will not be a mistake if we call it multiple) could be used in the description and explanation of phenomena, such as transparency of bodies, friction, tunneling effect, wave function, the photo effect, chemical and mechanical solutions and reactions, i.e. to foresee for example, color, smell and even the taste of particular compound, diffusion, Brownian motion, decomposition of light, adiabatic processes, radioactivity, and all other which do not come to my mind now, or in other words, the whole Universe.

VERTIGINOUS ABYSS OF THE TOTAL ENLIGHTENMENT From "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" - Douglas Adams

8 We are talking about the famous Schrdinger's cat.

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Proceeding from the multiple principle, we can ask a question, that would finally lead to a nervous breakdown of Leon Lederman9, and I confess this will give me real pleasure, especially if my quantum abuses prove themselves to be quantum acceptable. So - is there parallel worlds? If we follow the reasonings up to now, we will see that the answer is set in the very beginning. It is only necessary to formulate it (as far as we can afford it). The only thing, which can be stated for now is, that the number of parallel dimensions is inversely proportional to TF. Figure 4 is the final version of Figure 2, where Z displays the number of the possible dimensions, but there is no guarantee of physical existence of all mathematical assumptions.

Y

X0

Z

Fig. 4

Each dimension has a curve of TF, identical to that in Figure 2 with the corresponding beginning. And theoretically, the dimensions, extrapolated one upon the other in a two-dimensional coordinate system, for given TF value, will be at the smallest possible distance from each other (Figure 5). Equal to the distance between two neighboring gluons. Their number is determined by the lowest possible value of TF, if there is any limit at all. We have to distinguish between parallel dimensions and multiple dimensions. In the first case we examine different curves with a common beginning. In the second case we examine different areas of the curve in Figure 2. Parallel dimensions The distance, expressed with a space between two successive states of a body or particle, considered in the second level of reflection, represents a line with occupied gluons at its ends and free gluons along its extension. The length of the line depends on TF in an inverse proportional relationship. The free gluons can be occupied by the quarks of another body or particle without their interaction, i.e. they are not directly observable from one another

9 in the occasion of "Dancing masters Moo-Shu"

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(Figure 5). When TF is equal or close to one, the parallel dimensions intersect, i.e. they have a common beginning. Multiple dimensions Bodies or particles with different TF are characterized by different distances between two subsequent states at the second level of reflection. Therefore, they are not directly observable from one another. Intersections (interactions and breaches in the multiple principle) are possible in certain ratios in the lengths of the segments. The zones of intersection (Fig. 6) are the reason why we see e.g., the light10 and more precisely its quantisation, wavelength and decomposition.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

z1

Distances between two successive states of matter in the second level of reflection for a TF

na

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

z2

z3

z4

z5

zn

Fig. 5

f

e

d

c

b

a

Areas of intersection

Fig. 6

Quarks and gluons It is important to note that in these pages I use the word gluon. I can not guarantee that this is the exact word or particle. The purpose is simply to create a model in which the names do not matter. Highly conditional is also the scheme gluon - quarks. That, which we accepted as true, is really difficult to believe. I explained it to myself in the following way: gluons consist of at least three particles, arranged and connected like a water molecule. One of them draws up the quarks (if it is force, then it is in the basis of some of the known ones) and the other two are with different poles relative to one another. Their eternal rotation provides perpetual rotation and also keeping the same distance, i.e. pressure11. We can not suppose why they rotatd, but we can assume that the Universe is not infinite, and is limited in the heaping of gluons, like the water molecules in a drop of water in weightlessness.

10 Elektromagnetizam, radioactivity, etc. 11 This, of course, contradicts the statement that heap dissipates. I am for dissipation.

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In fact, even as a supposition, this is silly and it would save us a lot, if we do not pay attention to this problem now. However, the nature of such gluon heaping generates interest and raises questions that can not be avoided. Is the volume of the cluster variable and if so, does it increases as a result of pressure? If the answers are positive, then we go back to the statement that each "independent" body moves with constant deceleration. But if we assume that the Universe has a beginning, expressed in the forming of the gluon heap, subject to disipation, then the interaction quarks - gluons, particles - bodies, leads to relativity of motions. Or:

Any independent body is moving with constant equidelay in relation to the first law of mechanics and with constant equi-acceleration relative to the disipation of the heap. (Conclusion 9)

Both statements do not have relations and direct dependence on one another. Anyway, the concept gluon heap presupposes that the lowest TF value still has its limit, bounded by the limits of the volume. Whether the gluons are relatively stationary to one another or "dissipate", it does not mean that the whole heaping is not moving in the tremendously infinite, infinitely tremendous, dimensionless spaceless, speck-like void. If this is true, it will turn out that the concept of absolute zero speed is a temporary concept, characterized by infinity from all points of view. Mr. Adams, your "dizzying abyss of absolute insight" works. For me, the comparison seems enough. Yet, the inevitable question arises: is there a reason why there are no other similar heapings and what is the role of God in all this? HE has His place, but maybe it's time to move His throne elsewhere. Anyway, there are probably an infinite number of similar heapings, infinite number of "eggs", moving at infinite speeds out of time, which are likely to collide, and thus start a new Universe12. But this for the time being is beyond our knowledge. GRAVITY A body at the second level of reflection (interactions and complete lack of movement) results, as expressed here, in disorders in the geometric arrangement, or in other words, in the homogeneity of the surrounding gluons (outside the volume of the body). This suggests the formation of particular "gluon vortexes" due to inertia, if we assume,that the gluon heap is moving in the VOID. The vortexes lead to a bending of the space. They are characterized by considerable differences in the distances between neighboring gluons in relation to all the others in the heap. Statement, that excludes gravity. Every subsequent state of the body at the second level of reflection moves the vortexes radially round itself due to the rotation. If we examine the same body in a third level of reflection, we will observe what we used to call gravitational field.

Areas, containing gluon vortexes, change the common TF of an intersecting body

(deformation) or: b

gafTF

)( , where g is a coefficient, indicating the difference in the

distances between neighboring gluons. It depends on the mass and velocity of a body or system of bodies. The mass is determined by the inertia due to " catching" of quarks by

12 Definitely the "Big Bang" theory has never appealed to me.

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gluons. The force of gravity and the size of mass should depend on the speed of movement in inverse proportion, i.e. mass decreases, and does not increase as per the predictions of the Theory of relativity. Anyway, the problem of anti-gravity can be defined and therefore solved. Section of the gravitational field It is mainly determined by two factors. The total direction of movement and the direction of dispersion of the gluon heap. If we examine the section in a plane at the third level of reflection, its shape will be approximately as shown in Fig. 7. At various points of the section the factor will be different. The shape changes due to the orbital motion of each body. The mess becomes full, when we take into account the deformation of the body under the influence of foreign gluon vortexes.

Fig. 7

ELECTRONS It is considered that they, and the entire family of leptons, are indivisible matter (not containing any other particles). If this is true, everything said up to now will collapse. This of course is not excluded, but there are enough examples of the behavior of electrons, which require its ability to divide13. From another point of view, it can be regarded as indivisible, but then it should be interchangeable, which is a very interesting possibility, i.e. it may happen that the atomic nucleus "captures" on its way electrons, interacts with them and "abandons" them, flying to the next ones. Anyway, this is not a determining factor for the root of this hypothesis. In my opinion the probabilistic interpretation of the wave function is valid, but is not important, because it is a look at the Universe, affecting only and solely the third level of reflection. Besides, "God does not play dice" (Albert Einstein). Using the standard model of the atom, but not taking into consideration the accepted laws and evidences, and with the risk to expose myself completely, I think that the status of a

13 I recently came across the following interesting article: http://phys.org/news/2015-05-electron.html

overall direction of movement of the body

direction of the dispersion of the gluon heap

change in the angle between the vectors as a result of the orbital motion

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given macro system is identified mainly with the state of the atomic nucleus. The argument is that the electron covers a considerably greater distance in space than the atom, which results in differences in the TF values (or perhaps identical values, but with different "tension" due to the forced interactions). It can be assumed that nucleus and electron have divergent or almost divergent existence i.e. as much as to affect each other regarding the directions of interaction (vector interactions). In other words, they are always playing the games tag and hide and seek. A result of their game is the atomic model with defining speed and direction of movement. The orbits of electrons should not be circular. If we can observe the movement of the particles of the atom into the space, they would follow the trajectory of the broken DNA helix. By the way, this analogy makes me to ask myself about link between DNA and astrology. But that's another topic. Almost the diverging existence (I use it as a term) for me is the reason for the misunderstanding, called leptons. As for the atomic model, I think the atom represents a moving core with an expanding rotating twisted tail, on which the electrons are located.

MOLECULES Similarly to the above-described model the vector interactions are determining both in the system of a single atom, and in the system of the group of atoms, forming a molecule. Where the nucleus of an atom exercise electro magnetic interaction with the electrons with another atom. Again it comes to the multiple principle. ELECTROMAGNETISM When moving the atomic nucleus causes gluon vortexes, sufficient to determine the behavior of the electrons, deforming their trajectory in a given direction. A second factor is the shrinking of group, comprising needed number of gluons in the volume of core by grouping of the quarks. Created area of discharged and grouped gluons in certain structures determines the overall interaction between atoms, including strong and weak nuclear interactions. I am cosidering that this creates the solid matter. ZERO BODIES AND SUPERNOVAS Matter of the first kind - characterized by absolute zero speed, i.e. lack of free gluons within the volume, zero time, zero gravity (or one-way, depending on the direction of dispersion of the gluon heap), absolute density, absolute transparency. Such a body can not be hit or touched by another body (particle), because it will pass through it and the energy of gravity between its quarks and gluons will be transformed completely into energy of motion. Depending on the volume of the zero body and TF of the moving body, it (the moving body) in zero time will receive a new considerably lower TF or will be transferred in another dimension, or both. I.e. it comes to teleportation. Moreover, it is still necessary to realize the scale of the show, if we succeed experimentally to "push" such a body, characterized by zero. At least we will have to look for it somewhere on the right side of the curve of TF. I assume that the same will happen if the moving body is big enough and the transformed energy is greater than the energy of the Zero, i.e. at a

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certain ratio between the volume of zero body, mass and the TF of the moving body. Or how big can be the largest bodies?

STARS

Let's look at a body, which "decided" to become a star. As a result of the gravitation, somewhere in the intersection of the axis of rotation, the pressure is big enough to upset the geometric arrangement of matter. The result is breaching in the multiple principle, which is high enough for teleportation to take place on the smallest distance of a matter to a neighboring area in the body itself, where the density is not so high. The teleported matter, keeping its parameters at the time of materialization, is able to disrupts the multiple principle in the given section. The result is a chain reaction, but not on nuclear level, but at the level of quarks, where the energies are much larger, i.e., we can not speak about concepts such as exhausting of star fuel. And the losses of matter are expressed by different types of radiations, determined by the multiple principle at the time of their formation (defined by the TF, speed, pressure, depending on the mass and radius), i.e. it can be assumed, that at the various points of the radius of the body respond different waves (radiation). Taking into account the level of processes in stars, it can be assumed that these are bodies, existing in more than one dimension, i.e. in our Solar system the planets may be more.

BLACK HOLES If a given body has the common features of a black hole, it inevitably would "ignite", in order to continue its life as a star. But in this case why would one star waste time to collapse, i.e. there are no black holes, except for Schrdinger's cat. The bodies, whose behavior we describe as black holes are actually bodies with TF close to one.

MATTER AND LIGHT If we accept the zero bodies as matter of First kind, the moving bodies as matter of the Second, we can consider the light as matter of the Third kind, situated far to the right side of the chart. We said that all moving bodies move with constant deceleration caused by the "friction" with the gluons (which surely keeps own, unstrained temperature of each body, depending on the density and TF, which means that the Earth will not cool down). The particles, which compose matter of the Second kind, consist of three quarks, and the photon of two. Then it can be assumed that at sufficiently low TF the matter "drops" a given quark (?), i.e. every body at a low enough TF scatters to photons, examining it from the position of our part of the curve. It is interesting what would happen if we can delay the light and examine the "filling up" of photons with quarks. In other words - spectral alchemy. IN SEARCH FOR ALIEN INTELLIGENCE In the context of what was said here, if I am a representative of an alien developed civilization, the last thing I would use for interstellar communication, is radio waves.

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I think that the efforts need to be focused on developing methods for capturing and delaying of particles at a speed, greater than the speed of the light. GLOSSARY of used concepts ________________________________________ Gluons - I use this word to create a mental model, in which the names do not matter, and the scheme gluons - quarks is highly conditional; Gluon heap - assembling of gluons that form the Universe we know within its volume; Gluon vortexes - due to the inertia of a body in the conditions of second level of reflection gluon vortexes are formed, characterized by significant differences in the distances between neighboring gluons to the rest in the heap. They are positioned radially, as a result of the rotation of the bodies. It can be described as a twist in space; Gravity - a phenomenon, in which areas, containing gluon vortexes, change the common TF

of a body intersecting them or: b

gafTF

)( , where g is a ratio, indicating the difference in

the distances between neighboring gluons; Limits of critical speed - limits for realization of a certain condition, for example - the Universe (the dimension), that we know; A fragment of space - multiple of the distance between two neighboring gluons; Law of conservation of time - similar to the Law of conservation of energy and the inevitable consequence of what has been said in these pages; Areas of intersection - multiple intersecting points between different areas in the TF curve, defining the interactions within the known forces (phenomena); Time factor (TF) - The length of the intervals defines the space and depends on energy. Their number for a certain fragment of space defines the time. Both variables depend on speed. And the relationship between them is the factor of time. Acquires a common type:

b

af

)( , where a is the distance between two neighboring gluons, b is the number of

intervals (vibration, frequency of matter). TF can not equal to zero outside the beginning of the coordinate system. Multiple principle - all distances in the Universe are multiple of the distance between two neighboring gluons, all interactions obey the geometrical structure of arrangement of the gluons and their ocupation; Matter - finally its description is limited to drawing three functions, forming the character of the TF curve (Fig. 2);

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matter of the first kind - zero matter, characterized by absolute zero speed, i.e. lack of free gluons within the volume, zero time, zero gravity (or unidirectional, depending on the direction of dispersion of the heap), absolute density, absolute

transparency, or: 0)(

b

afTF

matter of the second kind: 0)(

b

afTF

matter of the third kind - light or: 0)(

b

anf where n is the number of

consecutive fragments of the space, enough for 1b

Tremendously infinite, infinitely tremendous, dimensionless spaceless, speck-like void - or THE NOTHING, so well described in "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy"; Teleportation - unforced - the way of particles / bodies between two subsequent states at the second level of reflection, when it refers to the first law of mechanics; forced - any other conditions, specified by breaching of the multiple principle, such as: moving in time, moving in space, other dimension, parallel dimension; Levels of reflection or rather - philosophical concept, which implies division of viewpoints, where:

first level - movement;

second level - interactions and the total lack of movement, concerning the elementary particles;

third level - a total of subsequent states of second level; the difference between them is the smallest possible change;

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EXPERIMENTS proposals for conducting experiments with predictable result in support of the hypothesis - "A Brief Theory of Time" 1. If to the standard setting for monitoring the photoelectric effect, as shown in FIG. 8, a second cloud chamber is added, there is reason to assume that in chamber 2 teleported particles will be monitored. The distance L is constant value, which is in direct dependence on TF (probably several meters). It is necessary to take into account (experimentally) the angle between the L vector and the lighting vector. The barrier does not matter.

L

barrier

camera 2

camera 1

Fig. 8

2. A similar experiment can be made with a Geiger counter, where the experimental unit can be put in terms of violations of the multiple principle (ex. - hammer stroke). 3. A hammer stroke is a good example of a breach of the multiple principle. Probably, experiment number 3 is the easiest to implement. A hammer can be replaced with a hammer drilling machine (drill), where the drill beats a metal surface. Also a mobile cloud chamber is needed. The purpose of the experiment, as in the aforementioned two, is to show teleported particles. The initial distance should be constant and to appears at certain changing intervals in the space. 4. A body is placed in a strong enough electromagnetic field and possesses enough high revolutions (acceleration) of rotation around its axis, situated at an angle to the magnetic field lines (Fig. 9). It is necessary to conform the x-axis with the magnetic field lines of the Earth and her mass, as well as those of the body. Such conditions suggest breaking of the multiple principle, which are expressed, at certain

values of in: forced radioactivity or vice versa, moving in time and / or space, other dimension, parallel dimension. I would not comment on possible applications of such a method. And I believe that God would not allow us such a thoughtless intervention in the Universe.

16 - 16

Fig. 9

5. Synthesis of extremely unstable isotopes under absolutely identical conditions, but at different latitude would determine different duration of their lives. Most likely it has been already ascertained.

6. Space probe with specific diameter, length and mass. At various ratios between the main parameters and speed of movement and position relative to the direction of movement, there should be variable own radiation.