a behavioral observation of street liveliness in meldrum walk, johor bahru of malaysia

7/30/2019 A Behavioral Observation of Street Liveliness in Meldrum Walk, Johor Bahru of Malaysia

1/12

*Ajxxmqrjedleo f}tnjx .F% Onfnxfgferj}xl,% Tmk0 )32'6?'?>>??6 Jatjhmx 8268

Fsflkfhkm jeklem 62 Jatjhmx 8268

Im|wjxdq0Rmdmqtxlfe Qtxmmt9

Qtxmmt Klsmklemqq9

_fkileo Rmdmqtxlfe9

Q}qtflemd Rmdmqtxlfe%

Je Gfkf|qlfe qtxmmtq ejwfdf|q+ gfle rxljxlt| lq olsme tj

smnla}kfx mkmgmetq+ wnlan qmmgq tj ajgrxlqm tnm c}eatljefk

v}fkltlmq jc }xhfe r}hkla qrfam cjx n}gfe letmxfatlje% Tj rmxi }r

q}an qtxmmtq+ rmdmqtxlfelqftlje xmq}ktq le gfileo f alt| ametxm

rmdmqtxlfe' cxlmedk|+ fed m~rmdltmq tnm rxmqmxsftlje jc nlqtjxlafk

dlqtxlatq% Rxjhkmg qtftmgmet0 M~lqtmeam jc rmjrkm meofoleo le fsfxlmt| jc q}qtflemd fed qjalfk fatlsltlmq afe gfimq f qtxmmt klsmk|%

Frrxjfan0 Fq klsmklemqq lesjksmq kmsmkq jc fatlsltlmq+ }qmq+

letmxfatljeq fed tnmlx xmrxmqmetftlje+ a}xxmet xmqmfxan frrxflqmqqtxmmt klsmklemqq tnxj}on hmnfsljxfk jhqmxsftlje jc q}qtflemd

rmdmqtxlfeq fatlsltlmq le Gmkdx}g _fki% Xmq}kt0 Tnm dftf je

txfccla gjdmq+ wfkileo fed q}qtflemd rmdmqtxlfeq jc dlsmxqm fom

oxj}rq fed omedmxq+ dlccmxmet t|rmq jc fatlsltlmq+ rjqt}xmq+ jsmx

dlccmxmet tlgmq jc df| fed elont fefk|pmd% Ajeak}qlje0 Rxjrjqleo

f wldmx xfeom jc fttxfatljeq fed jrrjxt}eltlmq cjx fatlsltlmq hmqldmq

wfkileo+ wjxileo fed qnjrrleo cjx }qmxq jc dlccmxmet fom oxj}rq

fed afrfhlklt| ' wnlan wj}kd v}fklc| tnm meslxjegmet fed kmfd tj

mkfhjxftm tnm klsmklemqq jc q}an qtxmmtq+ lq xmajggmedmd%

8261 Letmx eftljefk Tx feqfatl je @j}xefk jc Meolemmxleo+ Gfefomgmet + #

Frrklmd Qalmeamq # Tmanejkjolmq%

6% Letxjd}atljeQtxmmt xmrxmqmetq tnm gfle r}hkla qrfam .@fajhq+ 6


2/12

4 Nfqfe}ddle Kfglt+ Fglx Onfnxfgferj}xl+ Qmrldmn Qmdfonft Elf

qrfamq+ klsmklemqq xmcmxq tj tnm rxmqmeam jc rmdmqtxlfeq fed fatlsltlmq le fddltlje tj tnm sfxlj}q

}qmq fed letmxfatljeq% Tnmxmcjxm+ tnm klsmklmqt qtxmmtq fxm tnjqm+ wnlan ajetfle f oxmftmx sfxlmt|

jc rmdmqtxlfeq fed tnmlx fatlsltlmq%

Le ajetmgrjxfx| tlgmq+ qtxmmtq afe jccmx qjalfk ajetfat+ qjalfk fwfxmemqq+ fed qjalfk

ajnmqlje .Gmntf+ 822?,9 njwmsmx+ tnm m~rkjqlsm leaxmfqm le smnla}kfx txfccla nfq dmgjtmd

rmdmqtxlfeq tj q}hwf|q fed nfq qmmgmd tj lgrmdm qjalfk letmxfatlje le a}xxmet qtxmmtq% Tn}q+

rmdmqtxlfelqftlje fq f txfccla klgltftlje rjkla| nfq hmme q}oomqtmd fq f qjk}tlje tj xmtxlmsm

qrfam cjx rmdmqtxlfeq fed eje'txfccla fatlsltlmq+ fed gjxm rxjcj}edk|+ tj lgrxjsm tnm }xhfe

meslxjegmet fq f rkfam le wnlan tj klsm .\}me fed Anjx+ 6


3/12

*Ajxxmqrjedleo f}tnjx .F% Onfnxfgferj}xl,% Tmk0 )32'6?'?>>??6


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qt}d| frrxflqmq wnft rmjrkm dj+ fed wnmxm+ wnme+ njw fed wnj led}kom le tnm fatlsltlmq%

Le ajkkfhjxftlje wltn tnm a}xxmet xmqmfxan tnm cjkkjwleo twj t|rmq jc q}xsm|q' q}oomqtmd h|

Omnk .8228, nfsm hmme rmxcjxgmd9 6%Aj}etleo rmdmqtxlfe txfccla le tnm qmkmatmd qtxmmt9

8%Qtftljefx| fatlsltlmq q}xsm|q .hmnfsljxfk gfrrleo, le tnm qt}d| fxmf% Le tnlq qt}d|+ rmdmqtxlfe

aj}etleo fed wfki h| jhqmxsftlje fxm tnm twj gf`jx tjjkq }qmd cjx ajkkmatleo tnm dftf%

Fq tnm rmdmqtxlfe aj}etleo xmq}ktq fxm rxmrfxmd le tmxgq jc nj}xk| frrxj~lgftlje .Omnk+

8228,+ xmqmfxanmxq aj}etmd rmdmqtxlfeq twlam msmx| twj nj}x .mfan tlgm f 3'gle}tmq rmxljd, fed

xmajxdmd tnm dftf% Le xmkftlje tj rmdmqtxlfeq kjaftlje' mltnmx mfqt qldm jx wmqt qldm+ le tnm qtxmmt+

tnm| aj}etmd fkk rmdmqtxlfeq rfqqleo f xfedjgk| qmkmatmd lgfolefx| klem le hjtn Ejxtn fedQj}tn dlxmatljeq le jem cjxg% Txfccla xmkftmd tj afxq fed msme gjtjxa|akmq gjsleo le hjtn

dlxmatljeq wmxm xmajxdmd le fejtnmx cjxg d}xleo tnm em~t 3'gle}tmq rmxljd%

Rmdmqtxlfe aj}etleo rxjsldmq }q tnm dftf je njw wfkileo lq rxj`matmd j}twfxdq le tmxgq jc

cxmv}mea|+ dlxmatlje+ kjaftlje fed tlgm% Lt leak}dmq tnm wf| f rmdmqtxlfe qtxmmt lq }qmd+ tnm

e}ghmx jc wfkileo rmjrkm fed tnm ajedltlje le wnlan tnm wfkileo jaa}xq le tnm fxmf fed

dlccmxmet gjdmq jc txfccla% Lt wlkk m~rkfle tnm anfxfatmx jc wfkileo rmdmqtxlfeq rxmqmetleo le tnm

qt}d| fxmf%

Le tnm em~t qtfom+ hmnfsljxfk gfrrleo le tmxgq jc wfki h| jhqmxsftlje }qmd tj dmqaxlhm

cxmv}mea|+ omedmx+ fom oxj}r fed mtnelalt| jc tnm q}qtflemd rmdmqtxlfeq+ hmqldmq tnmlx qjalfk

qtft}q 'wnmtnmx tnm| fxm djleo fatlsltlmq ledlsld}fkk| jx fq f gmghmx jc f oxj}r% Lt wlkk tnme

ajetle}m h| dmqaxlhleo tnm fatlsltlmq tnft jaa}x le tnm qt}d| fxmf%

Tnm xmqmfxanmxq wfkimd qkjwk| le mfan qt}d| fxmf fed xmajxdmd tnm tjtfk e}ghmx jc

qtftljefx| fed qjalfk fatlsltlmq+ tnm djmx+ tnm kjaftlje fed tnm rjqt}xmq% Tnxmm jhqmxsftljeq

jaa}xxmd d}xleo tnm df|tlgm fed tnxmm d}xleo tnm elont% Jhqmxsftljeq wmxm afxxlmd j}t hmtwmme

62 fg tj 62022 rg .jeam msmx| aj}rkm jc nj}xq, fed wmxm qrxmfd j}t jsmx tnxmm df|q+ Cxldf|+

Q}edf| .wmmimed, fed Tn}xqdf| .wmmidf|,%

8%6 Gmkdx}g_fki@jnjx Hfnx} lq kjaftmd ft tnm qj}tnmxe med jc rmeleq}kfx Gfkf|qlf fed lt lq iejwe fq (Tnm


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6/12

> Nfqfe}ddle Kfglt+ Fglx Onfnxfgferj}xl+ Qmrldmn Qmdfonft Elf

Fctmx f qnjxt dlqa}qqlje je dlccmxmet gjdmq jc txfccla le tnm qt}d| fxmf+ tnlq rfxt wlkk

ajetle}m wltn f dmqaxlrtlje jc wfkileo rmdmqtxlfeq+ q}qtflemd rmdmqtxlfeq+ fed fe m~rkfeftlje jc

tnmlx anfxfatmxlqtlaq%

1%6 TxfcclaGjdmqFq lt lq m~rmatmd cjx qtxmmtq le wnlan tnm rxljxlt| lq olsme tj eje'smnlakm gjsmgmet+

rmdmqtxlfeq rftxjelpmd tnm qt}d| fxmf gjxm tnfe tnm jtnmx twj aftmojxlmq jc afx fed gjtjxa|akm%

Hfqmd je Tfhkm 6+ _fkileo .?=%1-, lq tnm gjqt rjr}kfx gjdm jc txfeqrjxtftlje le @fkfe

Gmkdx}g+ wnlkm hjtn afxq .66%?-, fed gjtjxa|akm .61-, qloelc| kmqq tnfe f v}fxtmx jc txfccla

gjdm dlqtxlh}tljeq% A|akleo lq ejt gmetljemd le tnlq oxj}rleo hmaf}qm jsmx tnm metlxm tnxmm df|q

jc jhqmxsftlje+ tnmxm wmxm jek| twj rmxqjeq .kmqq tnfe 6-, a|akleo le tnlq qtxmmt%

Tfhkm60 Txfccla gjdmq dlqtxlh}tlje%

Gjdm jc txfccla Cxmv}mea| Rmxametfom

Rmdmqtxlfe 6>63 ?=

Afx 8>6 68

Gjtjxa|akm 161 61

Tjtfk 8462 622

1%8 _fkileoRmdmqtxlfe Faajxdleo tj Omnk .8228,+ rmdmqtxlfe txfccla aj}etq fxm mqqmetlfk cjx }edmxqtfedleo njw

rmdmqtxlfe }qfomq dlccmx d}xleo tnm df| fed msmeleo nj}xq% Rmdmqtxlfe xmcmxq tj wfkileo

rmdmqtxlfe .rmdmqtxlfe le gjtlje, wnlan lq jrrjqltm cxjg q}qtflemd* qtftljefx| rmdmqtxlfe%

1%8%6 RmdmqtxlfeCxmv}mea|Tfhkm 8 xmrxmqmetq tnft tnm fsmxfom fgj}et jc wfkileo rmdmqtxlfeq le mfan df| .d}xleo

twmksm nj}xq jhqmxsftlje, lq 326? le Gmkdx}g _fki% Lt gmfeq fsmxfom jc =26 rmxqjeq

rfxtlalrftm le tnlq qtxmmt le mfan nj}x% Tnlq qtxmmt lq }qmd h| wfkileo rmdmqtxlfeq d}xleo

wmmimedq+ fq tnm nlonmqt e}ghmx jc rmdmqtxlfe xmajxdmd je wmmimed .?432 rmxqjeq,%

Tfhkm 80 Dflk| fed nj}xk| ckjw jc rmdmqtxlfeq wfkileo le Gmkdx}g _fki%

@fkfe Gmkdx}g Cxldf| wmmimed _mmidf|

Rmdmqtxlfe cxmv}mea| =822 ?432 ==22

Fsmxfom Rmdmqtxlfe *df| 326?

Rmdmqtxlfe *nj}x =26


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8/12


1%8%4 Df|tlgmwfkileoajgrfxmdtjmsmeleo Clo}xm 4 qnjwq tnft le @fkfe Gmkdx}g+ tnm fsmxfom e}ghmx jc rmdmqtxlfeq le tnm wmmidf|

msmeleo nj}xq lq 68- gjxm tnfe df|tlgm+ h}t je wmmimedq .68-, fed Cxldf|q .4-,+ je

fsmxfom+ gjxm rmdmqtxlfeq wmxm jhqmxsmd d}xleo tnm df| tnfe d}xleo tnm msmeleo% Ejt msme tnm

njt wmftnmx wfq f df|tlgm ajeqtxflet fq tnlq fxmf wfq }tlklpmd gjxm d}xleo df|tlgm je Cxldf|q

fed wmmimedq le ajgrfxlqje wltn msmeleo%

Clo}xm 40 Fsmxfom e}ghmx jc rmdmqtxlfe* nj}x d}xleo df| fed msmeleo%

1%1 Qtftljefx|fedQ}qtflemdRmdmqtxlfeq1%1%6 RmdmqtxlfeqRmxqjefkAnfxfatmxlqtlaq

Jc tnm tjtfk 8166 rmxqjeq djleo qtftljefx| fed q}qtflemd fatlsltlmq jsmx fkk tnxmm df|q+

gfkmq ajeqtlt}tmd tnm gf`jxlt| jc }qmxq .>1-, le Gmkdx}g Qtxmmt wnlkm jek| 6?- wmxm cmgfkmq%

Tnlq qtxmmt djmq ejt cflxk| xmrxmqmet sfxlj}q fom oxj}rq fed f q}hqtfetlfk rxjrjxtlje jc

rmdmqtxlfeq .13%>-, wmxm |j}eo% Anlkdxme nfsm tnm kjwmqt rxjrjxtlje fgjeo fkk oxj}rq% Le

tmxgq jc xfalfk hfaioxj}ed+ Anlemqm ajeqtlt}tmd tnm gf`jxlt| jc rmdmqtxlfeq .31-, wnlkm jtnmxq

leak}dleo Gfkf|+ Ledlfe fed jtnmx mtnelaq dlqtxlh}tmd cflxk|%

1%1%8 Qtftljefx|fedQ}qtflemdRmdmqtxlfeq Rmdmqtxlfeq wnj rfxtlalrftm le eje'wfkileo fatlslt| ajeqldmxmd qtftljefx| .q}qtflemd,

rmdmqtxlfeq% Le Gmkdx}g _fki+ tnm gf`jxlt| jc q}qtflemd rmdmqtxlfeq wmxm jhqmxsmd je

wmmimedq% Dmeqlt| fq fe ledlaftjx jc axjwdmdemqq fed fatlsmemqq ajeqlqtq jc tnm fsmxfom

rxmqmeam jc rmjrkm rmx qv}fxm gmtmx% Tnm fsmxfom dmeqlt| le tnlq qtxmmt lq %2= rmxqjeq rmx qv}fxm

gmtmx .xmcmx tj Tfhkm 4,% Fq rmjrkm nfsm gjxm cxmm tlgm d}xleo wmmimedq fed gf`jxlt| jc

fatlsltlmq tnm| lesjksm nfsm kmlq}xm anfxfatmxlqtlaq+ tnm fxmf lq klsmklmx je wmmimedq le

ajgrfxlqje wltn jtnmx wmmidf|q%

888116

823

82?8=> 836

2

822

422

Cxldf| wmmimed wmmidf|

@ke Gmkdx}g

Df|

Msmeleo


9/12

*Ajxxmqrjedleo f}tnjx .F% Onfnxfgferj}xl,% Tmk0 )32'6?'?>>??66 =2= .3?-, 63> ?48

_mmidf| 86? .14-, ?8 486 .33-, 642 31>

1%1%1 Qtftljefx|FatlsltlmqleRmdmqtxlfeQtxmmtqFq lt lq qnjwe le Clo}xm =+ mftleo+ tfkileo fed wftanleo fxm tnm tnxmm gjqt cxmv}met

fatlsltlmq tnft tjji rkfam le tnlq qtxmmt .>>%?-,% Fgjeo tnm tnxmm gfle rjqt}xmq+ f kfxom e}ghmx

jc rmjrkm .?3%


10/12


1%1%4 QjalfkQtft}qjcQtftljefx|RmdmqtxlfeqTnmxm lq f nlon dmoxmm jc qjalfklpleo le Gmkdx}g _fki hmaf}qm rmjrkm qrmed gjxm tlgm je

kmlq}xm fed qjalfk fatlsltlmq% Gjxmjsmx+ tnm gf`jxlt| jc }qmxq rfxtlalrftm le oxj}rq xftnmx tnfe

djleo fatlsltlmq ledlsld}fkk|%

4% Dlqa}qqljeTnm fefk|qlq rxmqmetmd nmxm qnjwq qjgm jrrjxt}eltlmq fed tnxmftq le Gmkdx}g _fki fed lq

hfqmd je tnm xmq}ktq jc tnm hmnfsljxfk jhqmxsftlje q}xsm| le tnm cjxg jc wfki h| jhqmxsftlje fed

rmdmqtxlfe aj}etleo fq mkfhjxftmd le rxmslj}q rfxtq%

_fkileo lq tnm rxmklglefx| ojfk jc f rmdmqtxlfe qtxmmt fed lq tnm gjqt jhqmxsmd txfccla gjdmle tnlq qtxmmt% Lt jaa}xq fkgjqt mv}fkk| le hjtn Ejxtn fed Qj}tn dlxmatljeq% Rmdmqtxlfeq gflek|

}qm tnm wmqt qldm jc tnm qtxmmt tj wfki% Le jxdmx tj nfsm slq}fk frrxjrxlftlje jc hjtn dlxmatljeq+ lt

lq mqqmetlfk tj nfsm slq}fk fttxfatljeq fed cjafk rjletq le hjtn medq jc tnm qtxmmt% Tnmxmcjxm+ le

jxdmx tj gfim tnmlx wfkileo me`j|fhkm+ mfqm jc gjsmgmet fed qtlr}kftlje jc fgmeltlmq fed jtnmx

rxmxmv}lqltmq cjx rmjrkm tj qtf| jx xmqt je tnm qtxmmt+ mqrmalfkk| le tnm wmqtmxe rfxt+ qnj}kd hm

ajeqldmx fq wmkk%

=% Ajeak}qljeTnlq qt}d| wfq fe fttmgrt tj fqqmqq tnm klsmklemqq kmsmk jc Gmkdx}g _fki le wnlan rxljxlt|

nfq olsme tj tnm rmdmqtxlfeq% Fq f gjxm slhxfet fed klsmklmx rmdmqtxlfe qtxmmt jccmxq oxmftmx

jrrjxt}eltlmq cjx jrtljefk fed qjalfk fatlsltlmq+ tnmxm lq f emmd cjx f ajeqalj}q fttmgrt tj

mkfhjxftm tnm klsmklemqq xmv}lxmgmetq fed tx| tj rxjgjtm tnm qtxmmt meslxjegmet ajedltljeq%

Faajxdleo tj tnm xmq}ktq le tnlq qt}d|+ tnm cjkkjwleo q}oomqtljeq fxm xmajggmedmd0

6% Le tnm ajetm~t jc @jnjx Hfnx}+ wnmxm tnm qt}d| fxmf lq kjaftmd+ fq tnm q}h}xhfe fxmfq fxmdmsmkjrmd fed qnjrrleo jrrjxt}eltlmq leaxmfqm+ rmjrkm qmkdjg oj tj tnm alt| ametmx+ fed

qj rxjrjqleo f wldmx xfeom jc fatlsltlmq fed fttxfatljeq hmqldmq wfkileo+ wjxileo fed

qnjrrleo fatlsltlmq cjx }qmxq jc sfxlj}q fom oxj}rq fed afrfhlklt| lq xmajggmedmd%

8% Dmalqlje gfimxq fed dmsmkjrmxq qnj}kd fkqj cja}q je anlkdxme+ tmmefomxq fed jtnmxqrmalfk oxj}rq q}an fq jkd jx dlqfhkmd rmjrkm+ fed lt emmdq tj gfim lt mfq| cjx tnmg tj

rfxtlalrftm le f rmdmqtxlfe qtxmmt+ wnlan qnj}kd tj hm leak}qlsm fed jccmx jrrjxt}eltlmq cjx

fkk tj qtf| fed xmkf~%


11/12

*Ajxxmqrjedleo f}tnjx .F% Onfnxfgferj}xl,% Tmk0 )32'6?'?>>??6?%

Gjetojgmx|+ @% .6


12/12


Dmqloe+ 1.6,+

a behavioral observation of street liveliness in meldrum walk, johor bahru of malaysia

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