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1 Eros, Thanatos and scenebased theories of MüllerLyer and Poggendorff illusions Alexander W. Pressey Winnipeg, Canada Abstract A distinction between analytic approaches employed by scenebased theories of geometric illusions and by scenebased investigations of “ subliminal” advertising is sought. Proponents of scenebased theories of geometric illusions (e.g., Gillam, 1971; Gregory, 1963; Redding and Vinson, 2010) often provide a picture or a drawing of a 3D object such as the building shown in Figure 1A. They then trace out features of the building to show how they represent a 2D geometric illusion. In the case of Figure 1A, the interior and exterior corners are considered to be 3D versions of expansion and shrinkage forms of 2D Müller–Lyer’s drawings. Figure 1B depicts a “…Poggendorff pattern [bold lines]…with pictorial scenes within which a viewer might subconsciously embed those patterns (thin lines)” (Parks, 2009, p. 142). Figure 1(A) Representations of 3D objects within which 2D MüllerLyer figures are sketched (Adapted with permission from Schloss & Prinzmetal, 2012; original by Preeti Talwai) (B) Reproduced from Parks, 2009; see text for explanation) Proponents of the theory that corporations employ representations of Freud’s two basic instincts, i.e., sex and aggression, in subliminal advertising provide pictures such as those shown in Figures 2A and 2B. In 2A, the word “SEX” is carefully sketched out in the palm trees and in 2B the skull in the ice cube is circled. A B

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               Eros,  Thanatos  and  scene-­‐based  theories  of  Müller-­‐Lyer  and                    Poggendorff  illusions  

 Alexander  W.  Pressey        Winnipeg,  Canada  

 Abstract     A  distinction  between  analytic  approaches  employed  by  scene-­‐based  theories  of  geometric  illusions  and  by  scene-­‐based  investigations  of  “  subliminal”  advertising  is  sought.       Proponents  of  scene-­‐based  theories  of  geometric  illusions  (e.g.,  Gillam,  1971;  Gregory,  1963;  Redding  and  Vinson,  2010)  often  provide  a  picture  or  a  drawing  of  a  3-­‐D  object  such  as  the  building  shown  in  Figure  1A.  They  then  trace  out  features  of  the  building  to  show  how  they  represent  a  2-­‐D  geometric  illusion.    In  the  case  of  Figure  1A,  the  interior  and  exterior  corners  are  considered  to  be  3-­‐D  versions  of  expansion  and  shrinkage  forms  of  2-­‐D  Müller–Lyer’s  drawings.       Figure  1B  depicts  a  “…Poggendorff  pattern  [bold  lines]…with  pictorial  scenes  within  which  a  viewer  might  subconsciously  embed  those  patterns  (thin  lines)”  (Parks,  2009,  p.  142).      

                             Figure  1(A)  Representations  of  3-­‐D  objects  within  which  2-­‐D  Müller-­‐Lyer  figures  are  sketched  (Adapted  with  permission  from  Schloss  &  Prinzmetal,  2012;  original  by  Preeti  Talwai)  (B)  Reproduced  from  Parks,  2009;  see  text  for  explanation)           Proponents  of  the  theory  that  corporations  employ  representations  of  Freud’s  two  basic  instincts,  i.e.,  sex  and  aggression,  in  subliminal  advertising  provide  pictures  such  as  those  shown  in  Figures  2A  and  2B.  In  2A,  the  word  “SEX”  is  carefully  sketched  out  in  the  palm  trees  and  in  2B  the  skull  in  the  ice  cube  is  circled.  

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                             Figure  2.    Highlighted  symbols  for  Eros  and  Thanatos  in  advertisements  (Permission  to  reproduce  is  currently  being  sought)  1    

Question.    Scientifically  speaking,  exactly  how  does  the  operation  that  is  carried  out  in  Figure  1  differ  from  the  operation  that  is  carried  out  in  Figure  2?      

       References  and  Notes    Gillam,  B.  (1971).    A  depth  processing  theory  of  the  Poggendorff  illusion.    Perception              &  Psychophysics,  10,  211-­‐216.  Gregory,  R.  L.  (1963).    Distortion  of  visual  space  as  inappropriate  constancy  scaling.     Nature,  199,  678-­‐680.  Parks,  T.E.  (2009).    Demystifying  the  Poggendorff.    Perception,  38,  142-­‐144.  Redding,  G.M.,  &  Vinson,  D.  W.  (2010).    Virtual  and  drawing  structures  for  the  Müller-­‐              Lyer  illusions.    Attention,  Perception  &  Psychophysics,  72,  1350-­‐1366.  Schloss,  K.  B.,  &  Prinzmetal,  W.    (2012).    Challenging  the  inappropriate  constancy-­‐                scaling  account  of  the  Müller-­‐Lyer  illusion.  Psychonomic  Society,  poster                presentration.  1  http://www.sampsoncc.edu/staff/pwolf/sub/subliminals.htm    Pressey’s  Pieces    www.awpressey.com  July  2013