a analyst family preparing your lab

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Preparing Your Laboratory for

AAnalyst AA Spectrometers

TA BL E O F C ON TE NT S

S ec tio n S ub je ct

1 Suitable Working Area

2 Exhaust Vent

3 Atomic Absorption Gases:

Compressed Air

Acetylene

Nitrous Oxide

Argon

4 Gas Line Connections

5 Handling of Gas Cylinders and Other Suggested Safety Practices

6 Drain Vessels

7 Atomic Absorption Source Lamps

8 Graphite Furnace Requirements

9 Training Courses

10 Facilities Required for PerkinElmer AAInstruments and Accessories

11 Important Accessories and Consumables

o S uita ble W o rkin g A rea

The env ironm en t in w hich any ins trum en t is housed is an im po rtan t consid -

e ra tion . The room tem pera tu re shou ld be be tw een 15 and 35 O ( (59 -95 O F)

w ith a m ax im um ra te o f change o f 3 O ( (5 O F) pe r hou r. T he re la tive hum id ity

s ho uld be b etw ee n 2 0 a nd 8 0% , n on -co nd ens in g.

A r ela tiv e ly d u st -f re e e n vir onm e n t is n e ce s sa ry . T h i s is e s pe c ia lly im p o rt an t w h e n

w ork in g w ith u ltra -tra ce te ch niq ue s, s uc h a s g ra ph ite fu rn ac e s am p lin g. O th er

im p or ta nt c on sid er atio ns a re to lo ca te th e in str um e nt in a n a re a fre e o f c or ro siv e

fum es a nd v ibra tio n an d in a n a rea th at d oes n ot re ce iv e d irec t s un lig ht.

A to m ic a bs or ptio n s pe ctr om e te r s ys te m s a re n or m ally in sta lle d o n la bo ra to ry

w ork b en ch es o r ta ble s. T he b en ch to p o r a re a in w hich th e a to mic a bs orp tio n

in str um e nt is to b e in sta lle d s ho uld b e la rg e e no ug h to a cc omm o da te th e in str u-

m e nt a nd a ll a cce ss orie s. (D im e ns io ns o f th os e ite ms a re g iv en in S ec tio n 1 0.)

M ake su re tha t the re is space a t the rea r and s ides o f the sys tem for a ir to

c ircu la te fre ely . D o n ot b lo ck th e fa n o pe ra ting on th e b ack o r re ar o f th e in stru -

m en t. T he b ack of th e in stru me nt s ho uld n ot b e p la ce d p erm an en tly a ga in st a

w all, a s th e in stru me nt m u st b e a cc es sib le fro m th e b ac k fo r s erv ic in g p urp os es .

A n a cce ss ib le sp ace o f a t le as t 6 0 cm (2 4 in .) s hou ld b e a va ila ble b eh in d th e

in stru me nt. If th is is n ot p os sib le , th e ta ble or b ench o n w hich th e ins tru me nt

is m oun ted shou ld be on w hee ls so tha t it can be eas ily m oved .

A m ea ns o f e le ctrica lly g ro un din g th e in stru me nt a nd a ll a cc es so rie s m u st

b e a va il ab le .

A tom ic A b so rp tio n S ys te m L a yo ut. In a dd itio n to th e b as ic re qu ire me nts fo r

a tom ic s p ec tr os c op y s y st em s , p re p ar atio n o f y o ur la b or at or y f or a tom ic a b so rp tio n

( AA ) s pe ctr om e te rs e qu ip pe d w ith g ra ph ite fu rn ac es r eq uire s th at c on sid er atio n

b e g ive n to th e in sta lla tio n n ee ds o f th e fu rn ace p ow er s up ply w he n it is n ot

T h is d o cum e nt g iv e s d e ta ile d in s tr uc tio n s r eg a rd in g t he s p ac e,

a cc es so rie s a nd u tilitie s r eq uir ed to o pe ra te P e rk inE lm e r's

A A na ly st'" fa m ily o f a to m ic a bs orp tio n ( AA ) s pe ctr om e te rs ,

T H GA a n d HGA g ra ph ite fu rn ac e s ys te m s, a n d o th er m a jo r A A

accessor ies.

P e rk in E lm e r a tom ic a b so rp tio n in s tr um e n ts a re c om p le te s y s-

te m s w ith th e e xc ep tio n o f th e fo llo win g ite ms w hich m u st b e

p r ov id e d b y t he a na ly s t: s u it a bl e wo r k in g a r e a; e xh aus t v e n t( s );

g as es a nd re gu la to rs a nd lig ht s ou rc es . W h en a T HGA o r H GA

g ra p hit e f ur na c e s y st em is b e in g u s ed , a d d it io n al it em s m a y b e

r e qu ir e d ,w h ic h a r e d e sc ri be d i n S e c ti on 8 . Gene r al i n f orma ti on

o n e a ch o f t he r eq u ir ed item s is g iv e n in t he a p pr op ria te s e ct io n

o f t his b ro ch u re a s in d ic a te d b e lo w .

b uilt in to th e s pe ctro me te r. F or e xa mp le , a n A An aly st'M 4 00

w ith a n H G A® 9 00 g ra ph ite fu rn ace ty pica lly in clu de s th e H G

po we r s up ply, th e H G A 90 0 fu rn ace , a n A S 9 00 a uto sa mp le r

A An aly st 4 00 A A s pe ctro me te r a nd th e s ys te m c om pu te r a nd

WARN ING :T h e u se o f a t om i c ab so rp ti o n i n s t r umen l 5 without ade qua te v e

to o uts id e a ir m a y c on stitu te a h ea lth h az ar d . F o r e x am p le , t he c o m

o f h al og en a te d h yd ro ca rb o ns p r od u ce s to xi c v ap o rs . E x tr em e c ar e s h

t ak en t ha t e xh au st g a se s a re v en te d p ro p er ly .

T he H GA 900 fu rnace pow er supp ly m oun ts to the le ft s ide o

th e A An aly st 4 00 s pe ctro me te r. T he s ys te m co mpu te r m ay b

po sitio ne d o n th e b ench n ex t to th e in stru me nt o r o n a se pa

co mp ute r ta ble in fron t o f th e in stru me nt. H ow ev er, it s ho uld

b e p os itio ne d im m ed ia te ly a dja ce nt to th e fu rn ace p ow er s u

a s th e s tro ng m ag ne tic fie ld g en era te d d urin g o pe ra tio n o f t

m od ule m ig ht in te rfe re w ith th e c om p ute r's (R T d is pla y.

F IA S s y ste m s a nd fla me a uto sa m ple rs s ho uld b e p la ce d o n a

o r ta ble c lo se to th e A A s pe ctro m ete r s am p le c om p artm e nt to

F IA S tub in g to a m in im um le ng th . T he F IA S c an a ls o b e p la cth e sid e of the in stru me nt, h ow eve r, m axim um p erfo rm an ce

b e c om pro m is ed d ue to th e in cre as ed le ng th o f tu bin g re qu ir

,~PerkinElmero

F o r th e B et te r



D E xh au s t V e n t

A v en tin g s ys te m is re q uire d to re m o ve th e c om b u stio n fu m e s a n d

v ap ors fro m th e fla m e o r g ra ph ite fu rn ac e fo r a to m ic a bs orp tio n

in stru m en ts . E xh au st v en tin g is im p orta nt fo r a n um b er o f re as on s:

• It w ill p ro te ct la bo ra to ry p erso nn el fro m to xic v ap ors w hich m ay

b e p ro du ce d b y s om e s am p le s.

• It w ill te nd to re m ove th e e ffe cts o f ro om d ra fts a nd th e la bo ra to ry

a tm o s ph e re o n fla m e s ta b ility .

• It w ill h elp to p ro te ct th e in stru me nt fro m co rro sive va po rs

w hic h m a y o rig in ate fro m th e s am p le s.

• It w ill re m ov e d is sip ate d h ea t w hic h is p ro du ce d b y th e fla m e

o r f u rn a c e .

A m in im um flo w ra te o f 570 0 L/m in (2 00 cub ic fee t/m in ) is

re qu ire d fo r a n a ir/a ce ty le ne fla m e a nd fu rn ac e o pe ra tio n. A flo w

ra te o f a pp ro xim a te ly 70 00 -8 50 0 L/m in (2 50 -3 00 c ub ic fe et/m in )

is re q u ir ed fo r n it ro u s o x id e /a c ety le n e f la m e o p e ra tio n . I t is s tr on g ly

re co mm en de d th at th e in stru me nt n ot b e p la ce d in a ch em ica l

h oo d! If a c he m ic al h oo d m u st b e u se d, a rra ng em e nts s ho uld b e

m a d e to k ee p o u t c orro siv e v ap ors a nd b a ck dra fts fro m o th e r h oo d s.

S am p le p re pa ra tio n sh ou ld n ot b e ca rr ie d o ut in th e s am e h oo d

w he re th e in stru m en t is lo ca te d.

P erk in E lm e r o ffe rs a n a cc es so ry B lo w er a nd V en t K it (P art N o.

0 30 30 44 7, 1 10 V; 0 30 30 44 8, 2 30 V) w hich w ill fu lfi l l th e e xh au st

re q uire m e nts fo r a ll a to m ic a b so rp tio n in stru m e nts (s ee F ig u re 1 ).

In clu de d in th e k it a re a ro ta ry b lo we r w ith c ap ac ito r a nd h ard -

w are , a ve nt to b e lo ca ted a bove th e in stru me nt, a nd an ada pte r

to p erm it co nn ec tio n o f th e b lo we r a nd ve nt w ith su ita ble m eta l

tu bin g. T he a da pte r a nd v en t a re m a de o f s ta in le ss s te el s he ets .

N o ti ce : L o ca l e le ct ri ca l c o de s d o n o t p e rm i t P e rk in E lm e r S e rv ic e E n g in e er s to

in st al l th e b lo w er a n d v en t a ss em b ly .

T he m e ta l tu bin g re qu ire d to c on ne ct th e v en t to th e b lo w er a nd to

p ro vid e su ita ble e xh au st fro m th e b lo we r is n ot in clu de d in th e

a cc es so ry B lo w er a n d V en t K it. F le xib le s ta in le ss s te el tu bin g is

re co m me nd ed fo r th is p urp ose a nd ca n b e o bta in ed fro m th e

co m pa nie s lis te d in T ab le 1 a nd fro m v ar io us o th er f irm s. In s om e

in sta nc es th is ty pe o f f le xib le m e ta l tu bin g is s old o nly in m in im u m

le ng th s o f 3 m ete rs (1 0 fe et) .

Table 1. U.S. Suppliers of Flexible Metal Duct Tubing.

F lexaus t C o . Po tom ac Rubbe r C o .

11 C h es tnu t s t. 9 0 11 H am p ton O ve r lo o k

Am e sbu ry , M A 0 191 3 Ca p ita l H e igh ts , M D 2 074 3

(5 08 ) 38 8 -9700 (301 ) 3 36 -7400

T rip le x In c .

1 14 2 K re ss S t.

H o us to n , T X 7 70 2 0

(7 1 3) 6 7 2- 75 2 1

F o x M an ufa ctu rin g In c.

P .O . B ox 1 04 7

C la rk da le , A Z 8 6 32 4

( 60 2 ) 6 3 4 -5 8 9 7

F or the n am es of s up plie rs in o th er a re as , c on ta ct y ou r P er kin Elm e

representat ive .

T he ca pac ity o f th e b lo we r d epe nds on the d uc t le ng th an d the

n um be r o f e lb ow s o r b en ds u se d to in sta ll th e s ys te m. If a n e xce s

s ive ly lo n g du ct sys te m o r a sy s tem w ith m an y ben ds is u sed , a

s tro ng er b lo we r m a y b e n ec es sa ry to p ro vid e s uff ic ie nt e xh au st

v olu m e. A lte rn ativ ely , s m oo th s ta in le ss s te el tu bin g m a y b e u se d

in ste ad o f f le xib le s ta in le ss s te el tu bin g w h ere fle xib il ity is n ot

re qu ire d to re du ce sy ste m fr ic t io n lo ss o r "d ra g." A le ng th o f

s m oo th s ta in le ss s te el d uc tin g h as 2 0-3 0% le ss fr ic tio n lo ss th an

c om p ara ble le ng th o f f le xib le d uc tin g. W h en s m oo th s ta in le ss s te

tu bin g is u se d, e lb ow s m us t b e u se d to tu rn c orn ers . T he se e lb ow

sh ou ld tu rn a t a ce nte r lin e ra diu s o f 4 5 d eg re es to re du ce fr ic tio n

lo ss es , a nd th e n um b er o f e lb ow s s ho uld b e m in im ize d.

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F i gu re 1. Blower and vent kit dimensions.



If a r ig id tu bin g system is u sed , it is s tro ng ly recom mend ed tha t

flex ib le tu bin g b e u se d fro m th e ven t ho od to the ce ilin g to fa cilita te

ho od a lig nm en t a nd serv ice a cc ess to th e in stru me nt.

T he d im en sio ns fo r th e va rio us p arts o f th e B lo we r a nd Ve nt K it

a re s ho w n in F ig u re 1 . T he v en t i.d . is s lig h tly la rg er th an th e tu b in g

o .d . to a llo w fo r tu bin g to le ra nce s. A s lig ht g ap b etw ee n th e tw o

u n its is n o rm a l.

W h en in sta llin g s uc h a v en tin g s ys te m , a ll c on ne ctio ns s ho uld b e

m ad e w ith m eta l s c re ws o r r ive ts . S old er m u st n ot b e u se d. T he

b low er sho uld be lo ca ted a t le as t 4 m ete rs (1 2 fe et) an d no t m ore

th an 6 .5 m e te rs (2 0 fe et) fro m th e fla m e o r th e g ra ph ite fu rn ac e

a nd s ho uld e xh au st to th e a tm o sp he re o r in to a co ns id era bly w id er

e xh au st d u ct. U n de r th e se c on dit io n s, th e fo llo w in g te m p era tu re s

h a ve b e en m e a su re d d u rin g o p era tio n o f a n itro u s o xid e-a ce ty le n e

flam e: 310 °C a t th e ven t in ta k e ; 160 °C a t 2 .4 m ete rs (8 fee t)

from th e ven t in ta ke ; 105 °C a t the b low er in ta k e ; an d 50 °C a t

th e b lo we r m oto r h ou sin g n ea r th e fro nt b ea rin g.

In stru ctio n s fo r in sta lla tio n (P a rt N o . 0 9 90 9 70 1 ) a re p ro vid ed

w ith th e B lo we r a nd V en t a sse mb ly . T he b lo we r p ro vid ed in th eP erk in E lm e r a cc es so ry k it re qu ire s a lin e v olta ge o f 1 15 V o r

2 30 V , d ep en din g o n th e p art n um be r o rd ere d.

A d dit io n al re co mm e nd a tio n s o n th e v en tin g s ys te m in clu d e:

• M a k e s ure th e d u ct c as in g is in sta lle d u sin g fire p ro of c on stru ctio n.

R ou te d uc ts a w ay fro m s pr in kle r h ea ds .

• Lo ca te th e d isc ha rg e o utle t a s c lo se to th e b lo we r a s p os sib le .

A ll jo in ts o n th e d is ch arg e s id e s ho uld b e a ir t ig ht, e sp ec ia lly if

to xic v ap o rs a re b e in g c arrie d .

• E qu ip th e ou tle t end o f th e sys tem w ith a bac kd ra ft d am pe r a nd

ta ke th e n ec es sa ry p re ca utio ns to k ee p th e e xh au st o utle t a wa yfro m op en w in do ws o r in le t ven ts and to e xte nd it a b ove th e

ro of o f th e b uild in g fo r p ro pe r d is pe rs al o f th e e xh au st.

• E qu ip th e exha us t en d o f th e sys te m w ith an exh aus t s ta c k to

im p ro ve th e o ve ra ll e ff ic ie nc y o f th e s ys te m .

• M ake su re th e len g th o f th e duc t th a t en te rs in to the b low er is

a s tra ig ht le ng th a t le as t te n tim es th e d uc t d ia m ete r. A n e lb ow

e ntra nc e in to th e b lo we r in le t c au se s a lo ss in e ff ic ie nc y.

• D es ig n lo ca l e xh au st v en tila tio n s ys te m s in div id ua lly fo r e ac h

s pe cif ic A A in stru m en t. A ls o, th e o pe nin g o f th e e xh au st v en t

s ho u ld b e la rg e e no u gh to c ov er th e g ra p hite fu rn a ce o r f la m e

a r ea c omp le t e ly .

• P ro v ide m ake -up a ir in th e s am e qua ntity a s is e xha us ted by

th e sys te m. A n "a ir t ig ht" la b w ill ca us e a n e ff ic ie ncy lo ss in

th e e xh a us t s ys te m .

• E nsu re th at th e sy ste m is d ra win g p ro pe rly b y re le as in g sm o ke

in to th e m o u th o f th e c olle cto r h oo d (v en t) . A s yn th etic "s m o ke "

c an b e g e ne ra te d b y p la cin g o pe n b ott le s o f h yd ro ch lo ric a cid a n d

a mm o niu m h yd ro xid e in p ro xim ity u nd e r th e h oo d .

• E qu ip the b low er w ith a p ilo t lig h t lo ca te d n ea r th e in s trum en t

to in d ica te to th e ope ra to r w hen the b low er is on .

D A to mic A bso rp tio n G ases

NOTE : S t an dar d s f or c y li nd e r d im en si on s , r eg u la to r c o nne ct io n s, g a s f it ti ng s ,

e tc . v ary fro m c ou ntry to c ou ntry . T he in fo rm atio n p ro vid ed h ere is fo r th e

u . s . Con ta c t y o ur P e rk inE lm e r r ep r es e nt at iv e f or i nf orm a ti on o n t he s pec if ic

r eq ui rem en ts o f y ou r a re a.

Compr es se d A ir . F o r f la m e o p e ra tio n , t he a ir s u pp ly s h ou ld p ro v id e

a m in im u m o f 2 8 lite rs lm in (1 c ub ic fo ot/m in ) a t a m in im u m p re ss ure

o f 35 0 kP a (5 0 ps ig ) . T he pne um atic s o f th e A Ana lys t 700 and

A A na ly st 8 00 s ys te m s re q uire a n a ir p re ss ure o f 5 0 0 k Pa (7 0-7 5 p sig ).

I t is de sira ble to ha ve a w ate r and o il tra p o r filte r be tw een th e

c om p re ss or a nd th e in stru m en t g as c on tro l s ys te m . T he u se o f

a n A ir F ilte r A cc es so ry (P art N o. 0 04 70 65 2) o r a n A ir lA ce ty le ne

F ilte r A cc es so ry (P a rt N o . N 9 30 13 9 8) is s tro n gly re co mm e nd e d

to re m ov e e ntra in ed w ate r, o il, w ate r a ero so ls a nd s olid p art ic le s

fro m c om p re ss ed a ir lin e s.

If th ere is a ny d ou bt re ga rd in g th e u sa bility o f a ce ntra l a ir su pp ly

(in su ff ic ie n t v olu m e o r p re ss ure o r e xc es siv e o il o r w a te r c on ta m i-

n atio n), th e q ua lity o f th e su pp ly sh ou ld b e ch ecke d p rio r to th e

a rriv al o f th e in stru m e nt. A s m all, o il- le ss a ir c om p re ss or m e e tin g

th e s ta te d re qu ire m en ts is a va ila ble fro m P erk in Elm e r (P art N o.

030 303 13 fo r 1 15 vo lts , 6 0 H z o r P art No . 030 303 14 fo r 23 0

v olts , 5 0 H z s erv ic e).

A ir c om p re ss ors a re g en era lly u nc om fo rta bly n ois y to h av e in

th e im m e dia te v ic in ity o f th e in stru m en t. W h en ev er p os sib le , it is

a dv is ab le to lo ca te th em a t s om e d is ta nc e fro m la bo ra to ry w ork ers

in a n a re a p ro vid in g s uita b le v en tila tio n.

C ylin d ers o f c om p re ss ed a ir c an a ls o b e u se d b u t a re re co mm e nd ed

o nly a s a n e m e rg e nc y o r s ho rt- te rm s olu tio n fo r th e fo llo w in g re a so n s:

• A s ta nd ard # 1 s ize a ir cy lin de r c on ta in s a bo ut 6 20 0 lite rs (2 20

c ub ic fe et) o f a ir a t s ta nd ard te m pe ra tu re a nd p re ss ure (S TP ).

A p re m ix b urn er-n eb ulize r s ys te m u se s a bo ut 2 0 lite rs /m in (0 .7

c ub ic fe et/m in ), a nd , th ere fo re , a c ylin de r w ill la st o nly a bo ut

f ive h ou rs . U nle ss a n in stru m en t is u se d o nly a fe w h ou rs p er

d ay , c ha ng in g c ylin de rs b ec om e s a n uis an ce a s w ell a s b ein g

expens i ve .

• O cc as io na lly , c ylin de r a ir m a y b e o bta in ed fro m a liq ue fa ctio n

p ro ce ss d ur in g w hic h th e o xy ge n-to -n itro ge n ra tio c an c ha ng e.

T he re fo re , it is n ot un com m on to fin d o the r th an 20 % oxyg en

in a ir c ylin de rs . T his c an c au se e rra tic b urn er o pe ra tio n a nd

n o n-re pro d uc ib le a n aly tic al re su lts a n d, in e xtre m e c as es , m a y

p ro vid e a p ote ntia l s afe ty h aza rd . In g en era l, if c ylin de r a ir is to

b e u se d, it is im po rta nt to sp ec ify compre s sed a ir ra th e r th a n

b re ath in g a ir (i.e . m e dic al g ra de ) o r a n u ns pe cif ie d fo rm .

WARN ING : F o r s a fe o pe ra tio n, o xy ge n m u st N E VER be u se d w ith P e rk in E lm e r

p rem ix b u rn e r s y st em s .



T he u se o f a ir c ylin de rs re qu ire s th e u se o f a s uita ble d ua l-s ta ge

re gu la to r. A re gu la to r fo r c ylin de rs w ith a C G A 5 90 c on ne ctio n

is a va ila ble fro m P e rk in E lm e r (P a rt N o . 0 3 03 0 26 4 ).

Ace t y l ene . F o r t h e o ve rw h elm in g m a jo rity o f a na ly se s, a ce ty le n e

is th e p re fe rre d fu e l g as w ith a to m ic a b so rp tio n s pe ctro m e te rs .

A ir /a c et yle n e is t he p re fe rr ed f la m e f or th e d e te rm i na tio n o f a b o ut

3 5 e le me nts b y a to mic a bso rp tio n. T he te mp era tu re o f th e a ir /

a ce ty le n e fla m e is a p pro xim a te ly 2 3 00 0(, F o r mo s t a ir /a c e ty le n efla me s, th e a ce ty le ne flo w u se d is a bo ut 4 lite rs /m in o r 0 .1 4 cu bic

fe et/m in . U sin g a h ea t co mb us tio n va lu e o f 1 ,4 50 B TU p er cu bic

fo ot, th e h ea t g iv en o ff w ou ld b e a pp ro xim a te ly 1 2,3 00 B TU

p er h ou r (3 ,6 00 W ). A n a ir /a ce ty le ne fla me c an b e u se d w ith a ll

P erk in E lm er b urn er h ea ds b ut is m os t co m mo nly u se d w ith th e

s up plie d 1 0-c m (4 -in ch ) b urn er h ea d (P art N o. N 04 00 10 2 fo r

AA n a ly s t s e ri es i ns tr ume n ts ).

S u ita b le a ce ty le n e ty pic ally h as a m in im u m p u rity s pe cif ic atio n

o f 99 .6 % w ith the a ctu al a ssay be ing ab ou t 99 .8 %. In ge ne ra l,

o rd in ary w eld in g g ra de a ce ty le ne is a de qu ate fo r m o st a to m ic

a bs orp tio n a na ly se s, th ou gh s om e tim e s a p artic ula r ta nk m a y b e

c on ta m in a te d . S p ec ia l h ig he r p u rity " a to m ic a b so rp tio n " g ra dea ce ty le ne is a ls o a va ila ble fro m s om e v en do rs , a nd its u se is

re co m m en de d w he n th e a va ila ble w eld in g-g ra de a ce ty le ne is

n o t s u ffic ie n tly p u re .

A s ize 1A a ce ty le ne c ylin de r c on ta in s a bo ut 8 ,5 00 lite rs (3 00 c ub ic

fe et) o f a ce ty le ne a nd u su ally la sts a bo ut 3 0 h ou rs o f b urn in g tim e

w ith a n a ir /a ce ty le n e fla m e . T h e c ylin d er re q uire s a n a ce ty le n e

p re ss ure re gu la to r, w hic h c an b e o bta in ed fro m th e s up plie r o f

th e g as o r fro m P erk in E lm e r (P art N o. 0 30 30 10 6).

T h e P e rk in E lm e r A c e ty le n e R e g ula to r A s sem b ly in c lu d e s a n a d a pt er s o

th at th e p re ss ure re gu la to r c an b e c on ne cte d to c ylin de rs re qu ir in g

e ith er C GA 3 00 o r C GA 5 10 fit tin gs a nd a co nn ec to r fo r a tta ch -in g th e fu el h os e a ss em b ly s up plie d w ith th e in stru m en t. T he fu el

h os e a ss em b ly is c on stru cte d o f re d n eo pre ne , re in fo rc ed w ith h ig h

te ns ile s tre ng th ra yo n c ord , a nd p ro vid es a ra te d w ork in g p re ss ure

o f a bo ut 1 70 0 k Pa (2 50 p sig ). T he c on ne cto rs a re p erm a ne ntly

m o un te d a t e ac h e nd o f th e h ose a ss em b ly fo r c on ne ctio n to th e

p re ss ure re g ula to r a nd in stru m e nt g as c on tro ls , a n d u se le ft-h an d

th re ad s a s p er a cc ep te d p ra ctic e fo r fu el g as c on ne ctio ns . (S ee

S e ctio n 5 fo r m o re d e ta ils .)

I t m ay b e d es ira ble to h ave a n a ce ty le ne filte r b etw ee n th e

a ce ty le ne ta nk a nd th e in stru m en t g as c on tro l s ys te m to re m ov e

p a rtic ula te s a n d a ce to n e d ro ple ts fro m a ce ty le n e, p ro te ctin g

th e g as co ntro ls a nd A A b urn er sys te m fro m co nta m in atio n a ndc orro sio n. A n A ce ty le ne F ilte r (P art N o. N 93 01 39 9) a nd a n A ir /

A c ety le n e F ilte r A c ce ss ory (P a rt N o . N 9 30 1 39 8 ) a re a va ila ble fro m

P e rk in E l m er. S o m e c ou n trie s a ls o re q uire th e u se o f a fla sh ba ck

a rre sto r s uc h a s P erk in E lm e r P art N o. N 93 00 06 8 in th e a ce ty le ne

f ue l lin e . P le ase ch eck w ith yo ur lo ca l g as su pp lie r fo r th e

a pp ro pria te fla sh ba ck a rre sto r fo r th e n itro us o xid e lin e.

A ce ty le ne is n orm a lly s up plie d d is so lv ed in a ce to ne , a nd a s m all

a m ou nt o f a ce to ne c arry ov er w ith th e a ce ty le ne is n orm a l.

H ow ev er, a s ta nk p re ss ure fa lls , th e re la tiv e a m ou nt o f a ce to ne

e nte rin g th e g as s tre am in cre as es a nd c an g iv e e rra tic re su lts ,

p a rt ic ula rly fo r e le m e nts s uc h a s c alc iu m , tin , c hro m iu m , m o ly bd e

n um a nd o th ers w ho se s en sit iv ity is h ig hly d ep en de nt o n th e fu el/

o xid an t ra tio . F or th is re as on , a ce ty le ne ta nk s s ho uld b e re pla ce d

w he n th e cy lin de r p re ssu re d ro ps to a bo ut 6 00 kP a (8 5 p sig ).

S in ce th e a ce ty le ne is d is so lv ed in a ce to ne , th e p re ss ure d ro p is

no t lin e ar w ith ga s rem ova l, a nd a p re s su re o f 600 kP a (85 ps ig )

in dic ate s th at th e c ylin de r is n ea rly e m pty , a ss um in g th e c ylin de r

a t ro o m te m p era tu re .

A ce ty le ne ta nk s s ho uld a lw ay s b e s to re d a nd o pe ra te d in a v ert ic

p o sit io n, ra th e r th an h o riz on ta lly , to p re ve nt liq u id a ce to n e fro m

re ac hin g th e c ylin de r v alv e. N ew ta nk s s ho uld b e p os it io ne d v erti-

ca lly fo r a t le as t 8 h ou rs p rio r to u se . T he p ra ctice o f "c ra ck in g th

v alve " o f a n a ce ty le ne ta nk (th at is , o pe nin g th e va lve s lig htly fo r

a ve ry sh ort p er io d p rio r to a tta ch in g th e re gu la to r) is n ot re co m-

m en de d. W h ile su ch a n a ctio n w ill c le ar th e va lve o pe nin g o f d us

o r d ir t p art ic le s a nd m a y re mo ve a ce to ne fro m th e cy lin de r va lve ,is a p ote ntia lly h aza rd ou s p ra ctic e a nd o ne w hic h s ho uld n ev er b

a tte mp te d in th e p re se nce o f a n o pe n fla m e, s pa rks o r o th er p os -

s ib le s o urc e s o f ig n it io n .

B oth fu el a nd o xid an t g as lin es s ho uld b e re lie ve d o f p re ss ure

a t th e en d o f th e w ork in g d ay o r if th e in s trum en t is to re ma in

u nu se d fo r a n e xte nd ed p er io d. C ylin de r v alv es s ho uld re m ain

c lo se d to a vo id th e p os sib il ity o f p re ss ure re gu la to rs fa il in g a nd

g as lin es b ein g s ub je cte d to th e fu ll c ylin de r p re ss ure .

C AU TI ON :A c ety le ne m a y r ea ct w it h c op p er to f orm a p o t en t ia l ly e x p lo s i

c o m p ou n d . C o p pe r t ub in g o r f it ti ng s f or a c et yl en e g a s m u s t b e s tr ic tl y a v o id e d

IM P OR TA N T: F a ilu re to c ha ng e th e a ce ty le ne c ylin de r b efo re th e c ylin d

p re ss ur e d ro p s b elo w 6 00 k Pa (8 5 p sig ) m a y c au se d am a ge to v alv es o r tu bi

w ith in th e b urn er g as c on tro l sy ste m d ue to hig h a ce to ne ca rry ov er . S u

d am a ge fr om a ce to ne is n ot c ov er ed b y in stru m en t w arr an tie s.

C A U TI ON :A c ety le ne l in e p re ss ur e fr om th e c yl in d er t o th e i ns tr um e nt s ho u

n ev er b e a llo w ed to e xc ee d 1 03 k Pa (1 5 ps ig) . A t h i g he r p r e ss u re s , a c e ty le n

c an s po nta ne ou sly d ec om p ose o r e xp lo de . P erk in Elm er re co m me nd s th at

m a x im um a c e ty l en e l in e p r e ss u re of 8 0 -9 5 k P a (12-14 p sig ) b e u se d to pr ov i de

r ea so n a b le m a r gi n of safe t y .

N itr ou s O x id e . T he n itro us o xid e/a ce ty le ne fla m e h as a m a xim u

te mp era tu re o f a pp ro xim a te ly 2 80 0 °C a nd is u se d fo r th e d ete r-

m in atio n o f e le m en ts th at fo rm re fra cto ry o xid es . It is a lso u se d t

o ve rc om e c he m ic al in te rfe re nc es th at m a y o cc ur in f la m es o f lo we

te m p era tu re s. F o r t h e n itro u s o xid e /a ce ty le ne fla m e , th e a ce ty le ne

flow is abo ut 14 lite rs /m in o r 0 .5 cub ic fee t pe r m in .



U sin g a h ea t o f c om b u stio n v alu e o f 1 ,4 50 B TU p er c ub ic fo ot, th e h ea t

g iv en o ff w ou ld b e a pp ro xim a te ly 4 3,0 00 B TU p er h ou r (1 2,5 00 W ).

T he u se o f n itro us o xid e re qu ire s a n um b er o f a cce ss or ie s a nd

p re ca utio ns . A s ize 1 A cy lin de r o f n itro us o xid e c on ta in s a bo ut

1 4,8 00 lite rs (5 20 cu bic fe et) a nd w ill typ ica lly la st fo r 1 0 to 12

h ou rs o f b urn in g tim e . C ylin de rs o f n itro us o xid e (9 9.0 % m in im u m

p urity ) a re a va ila ble fro m lo ca l s up plie rs . A d ua l-s ta ge re gu la to r is

re co mm e nd ed (a nd is m a nd ato ry in s om e c ou ntrie s) .

N itro us o xid e is s up plie d in th e liq uid s ta te , in it ia lly a t a p re ss ure

o f a bo ut 5 00 0 kP a (75 0 p sig ). S in ce th e n itro us o xide is in liq uid

fo rm , the p re ssu re g au ge d oe s n ot g ive a true in dica tio n o f h ow

m u ch n itro us o xid e re m ain s in th e c ylin de r u ntil th e p re ss ure s ta rts

to fa ll ra pid ly a s th e re sid ua l g as is d raw n o ff.

W h en n itro us o xid e is ra pid ly re m ov ed fro m th e c ylin de r, th e

e xp an din g g as c au se s c oo lin g o f th e c ylin de r p re ss ure re gu la to r

a nd th e re gu la to r d ia ph ra gm s om e tim e s fre eze s. T his c an cre ate

e rra tic fla m e c on dit io ns o r, in th e m o st e xtre m e c ase , a fla sh ba ck .

It is th ere fo re a dv is ab le to h ea t th e re gu la to r u sin g e ith er a b uilt- in

h ea te r o r a n e xte rn ally s up plie d h ea t s ou rc e, s uc h a s a n e le ctr ic alre s is ta n ce h e atin g ta p e.

A d ua l-s ta ge h ea te d n itro us o xid e p re ss ure re gu la to r fo r u se

w ith g as cy lin de rs w ith a C GA 3 26 co nn ec tio n is a va ila ble fro m

P erk in E lm er [P art N o. 0 30 30 20 4 (1 15 vo lts ) o r 0 303 03 49 (2 30

v olts )]. T he se re gu la to rs p ro vid e p re ss ure c on tro l fro m 3 50 -5 20

k Pa (5 0-75 p sig ) a nd c on ta in a n in te gra l th erm o sta tte d h ea te r to

p re ve nt fre ez in g o f th e re gu la to r d ia ph ra gm . A c olo r-c od ed h os e

w ith s uita ble c on ne cto rs a t e ac h e nd is s up plie d w ith th e re gu la to rs

to p ro vid e c on ne ctio n to th e in stru m en t g as c on tro ls (s ee S e ctio n 5 ).

A n itro us o xid e b urn er h ea d (P art N o. N 04 00 10 0 fo r A An alys t

s erie s in stru m en ts ) m u st b e u se d w ith n itro us o xid e-b as ed fla m es .

T he in stru ctio ns p ro vid ed w ith th e n itro us o xid e b urn er h ea d

s h ou ld b e s tric tly f ollo w e d.

T he re is g en era lly lit tle a dv an ta ge to u sin g n itro us o xid e-a ce ty le ne

to d ete rm in e e le m en ts th at a re b es t d ete rm in ed w ith a ir-a ce ty le ne .

A ir is le ss e xp en siv e th an n itro us o xid e; a ls o, a n um b e r o f e le m en ts

w ill s ho w p oo re r s en sitiv ity a nd p ro du ce io niz atio n in te rfe re nc es

in th e n itro us o xid e fla m e.

Argon . A rg on is re qu ire d fo r e xte rn al a nd in te rn al g as s tre am s

th ro ug h th e T HG A o r H G A g ra ph ite fu rn ac e o r a s a ca rrie r g as w ith

m e rc ury /h yd rid e s ys te m s s uc h a s th e F IA S o r F IM S flo w in je ctio ns

s ys te m s o r th e M H S-1 5. T he q ua lity c rite ria lis te d in T ab le 2 fo r

a rg on a re s uita ble fo r th es e a pp lic atio ns . N orm a lly , fo r g ra ph ite

fu rn ac e o pe ra tio n, g as eo us a rg on is u se d, a lth ou gh e ith er liq uid o r

g ase ou s a rg on ca n b e u se d. T he ch oice o f liq uid a rg on o r g ase ou s

a rg on ta nk s is d ete rm in ed p rim a rily b y th e a va ila bility o f e ac h a nd

t he u sa g e ra te . L iq u id a rg o n is u s ua lly le s s e x p en s iv e p e r u n it v o lu m e

to p urch as e, b ut c an no t b e s to re d fo r e xte nd ed p erio ds . If liq uid

a rg on is u se d, th e ta nk s ho uld b e fit te d w ith a n o ve r-p re ss ure re gu -

la to r w hich w ill ve nt th e ta nk a s n ece ssa ry in o rd er to ke ep th e

liq uid a rg on co ol e no ug h to re ma in in th e liq uid s ta te . G ase ou s

a rg on ta nks d o n ot req uire ve ntin g a nd co nse qu en tly ca n b e

s to re d fo r e xte nd ed p erio ds w ith ou t lo ss .

A d ua l-s ta ge c ylin de r re gu la to r th at c an b e u se d w ith e ith er g as eo us

a rg o n o r n it ro g en is a v aila b le fr om P e rk in E lm e r ( P a rt N o . 0 3 03 0 28 4 ).

T he re gu la to r h as a C G A 5 80 fitt in g, a nd in clu de s a c olo r-co de d

h os e w ith 1 /4 -in ch S w ag elo k® fitt in gs to p erm it d ire ct c on ne ctio n

to th e re gu la to r a nd to th e in stru me nt g as co ntro ls (se e S ec tio n 5 ).

Table 2. Quality Criteria for Argon.

C r it er io n Sp e c if ic a ti on

P u rity ~ 99 .996%

Oxygen s 5 ppm

Ni t rogen s 20 ppm

Wa te r s 4 ppm

IIG a s L in e C o nn ec tio ns

P e rk in E lm e r a to m ic a bs orp tio n in stru m en ts in clu de th e h os es

n ec es sa ry fo r c on ne ctio n to g as lin es (s ee T ab le 3 ). It is th ere sp on sib ility o f th e u se r to p ro vid e th e a pp ro pr ia te g as lin es ,

r eg u la to rs , c on n ec to rs a n d v alv e s to w h ic h th e h o se s a re c o nn e cte d .

11 H an dling o f G as C ylind ers a nd O ther S afe ty Prac tices

• F as te n a ll g as cy lin de rs se cu re ly to a n im m ova ble b ulkhe ad o r a

p e rm a n e nt w a ll.

• W hen gas cy lin de rs a re s to red in con fin ed a reas , su ch as a

ro om , v en tila tio n s h ou ld b e a d eq u ate to p re v en t t ox ic o r e x plo s iv e

a cc um u la tio ns . M o ve o r s to re g as c ylin de rs o nly in a v ert ic al

p os it io n w ith th e va lve ca p in p la ce .

• L oc ate g as c ylin de rs a w ay fro m h ea t o r ig nitio n s ou rc es , i nc lu din g

h ea t la m p s. C ylin de rs h av e a p re ss ure -re lie f d ev ic e th at w ill

re le as e th e c on te nts o f th e c ylin de r if th e te m pe ra tu re e xce ed s

52 °C (125 O F).

• W h en s to rin g cy lin de rs e xte rn al to a b uild in g, th e cy lin de rs

s ho uld b e s to re d s o th at th ey a re p ro te cte d a ga in st te m pe ra tu re

e xtre me s ( in clu din g th e d ire ct ra ys o f th e su n) a nd sh ou ld b e

s to re d a bo ve g ro un d o n a s uita ble flo or.

• M ark g as cy lin de rs c le ar ly to id en tify th e co nte nts a nd s ta tu s

( fu ll, e m p ty , e tc .) .

• D o no t a ttem pt to re fil l g a s cy lin de rs .

• U se o nly a pp ro ve d re gu la to rs a nd h os e c on ne cto rs . Le ft-h an d

th re ad fit tin gs a re u se d fo r fu el g as ta nk c on ne ctio ns , w he re as

rig h t- ha n d f itt in g s a re u se d f or o x id a nt a n d s u pp o rt g a s c o nn e ct io n s.



C AU TIO N: All lin es ca rry in g n itro us o xid e sho uld b e fre e o f g re ase , o il o r

o t he r o r g a ni c m a t e ri a l, as i t i s p o s si bl e f or s po n ta n eo u s c om bu st io n to occur .

C ylin d er s o f n itr ou s o xid e s ho uld b e c on sid er ed h ig h-p re ss ur e c yli nd er s a nd

s ho uld b e h an dle d w ith c are at a l l t im e s .

N O T IC E :T h e p e rm a n en t i ns ta ll at io n o f g a s s up p li es i s t he r es po n si bi li ty o f t he

u se r a n d s ho ul d c on fo rm to lo ca l s afe ty a nd b u ild in g c od es .

• Use ga lv an ize d iron tub ing , s tee l, w rough t iron o r o the r tu bing

th at w ill n ot re ac t ch em ica lly w ith a ce ty le ne . N ev er u se co pp er

tub ing w ith a ce ty le ne . Jo in ts m ay be w elded o r m ade up o f

th re ad ed o r fla ng ed fittin gs , ty pic ally s ta in le ss s te el, a lu m in um

o r b rass com posed o f le s s tha n 6 5% co ppe r. R olled , fo rg ed o r

cas t s tee l o r m alleab le iron fittin gs m ay a lso be used . C as t iron

fittin gs c an no t b e u se d s afe ly fo r a ce ty le ne lin es .

• A rran ge gas hoses w he re the y w ill n o t be d am aged o r s tepp ed

on and w he re th ings w ill no t be d ro pped on th em .

• Nev er run ace ty le ne a t a p ress ure h ighe r tha n 100 k Pa (15 ps ig ).

A t p re s su re s a b ov e th is le ve l, a ce ty le n e m a y s po n ta n eo us ly e x plo de .

• P e rfo rm pe rio d ic gas leak tes ts by a pp ly in g a soap so lu tion to

a ll jo in ts a nd s ea ls .

• P erio dic ally c he ck fo r th e p re se nc e o f a ce ty le ne in th e la bo ra to ry

a tm o s ph e re , e sp e cia lly n ea r th e c eil in g.

WARN I NG : C o nt ac t b e tw e en a c et yl en e g a s a n d c o pp e r o r s i lv er ( or h ig h c o nc e

t ra t io n s o f s il ve r s a l ts ), l iq u i dm e r c u ry o r g a s e o u s c h lo r in e c a n p r o d u c e p o t en t ia l

u n s ta b l e a c e ty l id e s. A l w a ys c l ea n t he b u r n er t ho r o u gh ly a f te r a n a ly z in g s o lu t io

w it h h ig h s il ve r o r m e rc u ry c o nc en tr a ti on s, a n d a sp ir a te s o lu ti on c o nt in u ou s

d u r in g t he a n a ly s is to p re ve n t a n y r es id u es f ro m d ry in g .

• W hen th e equ ipm en t is tu rne d o ff (fo r exa mp le , a t the end o f

th e w ork in g d ay ), c lo se a ll g as cy lin de r v alv es tig htly a t th e

ta nk . B le ed th e re m ain de r o f th e lin e to th e a tm o sp he re b efo re

the ex haus t fan (ven t) is tu rned o ff.

• W hen us in g p rem ix b urne rs w ith cya nide so lu tions , che ck the

pH o f th e liqu id trap and d ra in vesse l. T he pH o f the liqu id

shou ld be g re ate r than 1 0. If the liqu id is even s lig htly ac id ic ,

h ig hly to xic h yd ro ge n cy an id e g as m ay b e re le as ed .

Table 3. GasLine Connections (Note: Regulator, connector and fitting needs varyby country. For information onwhat

is required inyour area, consult your local PerkinElmer ServiceRepresentative.)

Regu l a t o rH ose A ssem bly Co nnec tions

R egu la to r R egu la to r Connec tion

Pa rt to Cy lin de r to G as H o se Pa rt Connec tio n Connec tion

G as Num be r CG A No . A ssem b ly Num be r Co lo r to R egu la to r to Ins trum en t

A ir 03 030264 590 1 / 4 " Swage l ok® 00570567 b la ck 1 / 4 " Swage l ok® 1 / 4 " Swage l ok®

A rgon 03030284 5801 / 4 " Swage l ok®

00570567 b la ck1 / 4 " Swage l ok® 1 / 4 " Swage l ok®

N itrogen 03030284 580 1 / 4 " Swage l ok® 00570567 b la ck 1 / 4 " Swage l ok® 1 / 4 " Swage l ok®

NzO 03030204 326 1 / 4 " N.P.T. * 00470258 b lu e 5 / 1 6 " Swage l ok® 5 / 1 6 " Swage l ok®

Ace ty lene 03030106 510 o r 300 9 / 1 6 " L.H.T. ** 00570559 red 9 / 1 6 " L.H.T. 3 / 8 " L.H.T.

N.P.T. = N orm a l P ip e T hre ad , L .H .T . = L e ft -H a n d T h re a d

* S u p plie d w it h 5 / 1 6 " x 1 / 4 " N .P .T . S w ag elo k® M a le c on ne cto r B od y (P art N o. 0 99 03 94 6) .

** S up plie d w ith O u tle t B us hin g ( Pa rt N o. 0 99 03 03 1), 1 / 4 " N .P .T . t o 9 / 1 6 " L.H.T.

P erk in Elm er A ir C om pre ss or (P art N o. 0 30 30 31 3, 0 30 30 31 4) p ro vid es a 1 / 4 " Swage l ok® f it ti n g.

P erk in Elm e r A ir F ilte r A ss em b ly (P art N o. N 05 80 53 1) p ro vid es 1 / 4 " S w ag e lo k® in le t a n d o utle t fittin g s.

P erk in Elm e r A ir D ry er F ilte r A ss em b ly (P art N o. 0 04 70 65 2) p ro vid es 1 / 4 " S w ag e lo k® in le t a n d o utle t fittin gs .

P erk in Elm e r A irlA ce ty le ne F ilte r A ss em b ly (P art N o. N 93 01 39 8) p ro vid es 1 / 4 " S wa ge lo k® in le t a nd o utle t fittin gs fo r a ir a nd

3 / 8 " LH (A s ize ) in le t a nd 9 / 1 6 " L H (B s ize ) o utle t fitt in gs fo r a ce ty le ne .

P erk in Elm e r A ce ty le ne F ilte r (P art N o. N 93 01 39 9) p ro vid es 3 / 8 " LH (A s ize ) in le t a nd 9 / 1 6 " L H ( B s iz e) o u tle t fittin g s.

A ls o A v aila b le :

1 . P art No . 09 9030 32 Conn ec to r fo r jo in ing tw o P art No . 005 7055 9 fue l hose ass em blie s

2 . P art No . 09 9038 98 Conn ec to r fo r jo in ing tw o P art No . 005 7056 7 a ir/a rg on ho se a ssem blie s

3 . P art No . 09 9031 96 A da pte r, fem ale 1 / 4 " N .P .T . to m a le 1 / 4 " Swaqelok" ,

4 . P art No . 09 9202 23 Conn ec to r fo r jo in ing tw o 00470258 n itrous ox ide hos e a ssem blie s .



• T ak e s uita ble p re ca utio ns w he n u sin g v ola tile o rg an ic s olv en ts .

A p ote ntia lly fla mm ab le o rg an ic va po r" c lo ud " ca n fo rm a ro un d

th e o pe nin g o f th e sa m ple ve ss el. F ee din g th e c ap illa ry tu bin g

th ro ug h a sm all h ole in a co ve re d sam p le co nta in er is o ne w ay

o f re du cin g th e p os sib ility fo r ig nitio n.

• N ev er v ie w th e fla m e , h ollo w c ath od e la m p s (H C Ls ), e le ctro de le ss

d is ch arg e la m ps (E D Ls ) o r d eu te riu m b ac kg ro un d c orre cto r

la m ps d ire ctly w ith ou t p ro te ctiv e e ye w ea r. P o te ntia lly h aza rd ou su ltra vio le t ra dia tio n m a y b e e m itte d. O rd in ary s afe ty g la ss es

w ill in g en era l p ro vid e s uffic ie nt p ro te ctio n, b ut a dd itio na l s id e

s hie ld s w ill e ns ure a fu rth er m a rg in o f s afe ty . S afe ty g la ss es w ill

a ls o p ro vid e m e ch an ic al p ro te ctio n fo r th e e ye s.

• N eve r le ave th e fla me u na tte nd ed .

• Z ee m an b ac kg ro un d-c orre cte d A A in stru m en ts g en era te a

s tro ng m a gn etic fie ld . P eo ple w ith c ard ia c p ace m ak ers a re

a dv ise d no t to o pe ra te o r fre qu en t th e v ic in ity o f Ze em an -

c orre cte d in stru m en ts w h ile th ey a re in o pe ra tio n.

IID r ain V es se ls

A s pe cia lly -c on fig ure d d ra in v es se l is s up plie d w ith a ll P e rk in E lm e r

a to m ic s pe ctro sc op y in stru m en ts w ith b urn er s ys te m s. T ha t v es se l

m us t b e u se d to g ath er th e e fflu en t fro m th e A A b urn er d ra in . T he

d ra in v es se l s ho uld N O T b e sto re d in a n e nc lo se d s to ra ge a re a.

R ath er, th e d ra in ve sse l sh ou ld b e s to re d in p la in s ig ht o f th e

o pe ra to r, u su ally o n th e flo or in fro nt o f th e in strum en t o r o n

a n o pe n s he lf u nd ern ea th th e in stru m en t ta ble .

T he d ra in s ys te m s ho uld b e c he ck ed re gu la rly a nd re pla ce d w he n

n e ce ss a ry . F o llo w th e d ir ec tio n s in th e in st ru m e n t m a n u als re g ar din g

th e p ro pe r p la ce me nt o f th e d ra in tu be in th e d ra in ve sse l a nd th e

p ro pe r liq uid le ve l in th e d ra in v es se l.

o A tom ic A bsorption S ource L am ps

A to m ic a bs orp tio n s pe ctro m e te rs re qu ire d iffe re nt s ou rc e la m ps ,

d ep en din g o n th e e le me nts to b e d ete rm in ed a nd th e in stru me nt

to b e u se d. M u ltie le m en t la m ps a re a va ila ble fo r s om e e le m en ts ,

b ut m ost la mp s a re co ns tru cte d u sin g a s in gle e le me nt to a vo id

p o te n ti al s p e ct ra l i nt er fe r en c e s a n d r e du c e d p e rf o rma n c e , e s p ec ia lly

w he n u sin g a g ra ph ite fu rn ac e.

P e r kin E lme r ma n u f ac tu r es a ll o f i ts h o llo w c a th o d e a n d e le c tr od e le s s

d is ch arg e la m ps . T he L um in a™ s erie s o f h ollo w c ath od e la m ps a re

e sp e cia lly n o te d f or s p ec tra l p u rity , b rig h tn e ss , s ta b ilit y a n d lo n g lif e.

H ollo w c ath od e la m ps a re e xc elle nt fo r m o st e le m en ts ; h ow ev er,

th ere a re a n um ber o f "d ifficu lt" e le me nts fo r w hich a n im pro ve d

lig h t s o ur ce is d e sir ab le . P e rk in E lm e r S y ste m 2 e le c tr od e le s s

d is ch arg e la m ps (E D Ls ) p r ov id e im p ro ve d p erfo rm a n ce in m o st

in sta nc es . E D Ls a re m o re in te ns e th an th eir c orre sp on din g h ollo w

ca th od e la m ps. M o st a ls o p ro vid e b ette r la m p life a nd s ta bility

a nd s om e a ls o p ro vid e b ette r se ns itiv ity . E DLs d o n ot re qu ire a

se pa ra te p ow er sup ply , e xce pt fo r th e A An alys t 2 00 w ith ou t D 2

b a c kg r ou n d c o rr e ct io n .

A la mp m ou nt o r tu rre t is su pp lie d w ith a ll P erk in E lm er A A in stru -

m e nts a nd w ill a cc om m o da te a ll P erk in E lm e r H CLs o r E D Ls. U se rs

w h o m a y h av e la m ps w ith 1 .5 -in ch d ia m ete rs ra th er th an th e s ta nd ard

P erk in E lm e r 2 -in ch d ia m ete r c an a da pt th os e la m ps fo r u se in

P erk in E lm e r la m p m o un ts w ith th e S m all D ia m ete r La m p A da pte r

K it, (P a rt N o. 0 30 30 87 0).

I ' l l G ra ph it e F u rn ac e R eq uirem en ts

Locat ion . T he fu rn ac e p ow er s up ply is b uilt in to th e A A na ly st

600/700 /800. W ith the AA na lys t 400 , th e HG A 900 m us t be

p la ce d o n th e le ft s id e o f th e s pe ctro m ete r.

B~UE OR-----__,..--r---- O R A N G E

.------+--.----L----:r--r-- RED

___ ---r__ ---r .SLUE O R.... ORANGE

r-r-+--r-~--~RED

SY5 ,

GN D

250V

2F>3W

GROUND INGSYS .

GND

EOU IP .

GN D

S IN GL E P HA SE . A C E DIS ON

U S UA L. V O LT A GE IS 1 2 5/2 5 DV

J SO M ET IM ES ID J:N TI FIE D A S 1 15 /2 30 VI

D E LT A C O NN E CT E D 9 -PHASEU S L : J A L . VO LTAG E IS 1 25/250\1

IS OM ET IM ES ID EN TIF IE iO A S 1 10 12 20 VI

" Y" C ONNEC TE D 3 ·P H A SEU SU AL V O l5 AG E 1 5,1 20 12 08 V

R EC EP TA CtE 'T ER MIN AL ID EN TIF IC AT IO NS AR E AC CO RD IN G TO NE MA S TAN DA RD S

5f18/64

SY S.GND EoUIP.GND25QV

2F ' 3WGROUND ING

Figure 2. HGApower circuit connections.



Serv ices . G r ap h ite f ur na c es r eq u ir e e le c tr ic a l p o w e r, c o olin g

w ate r a nd a sup ply o f in ert g a s , n orm ally a rg on . A m in im um in pu t

vo lta ge o f 2 08 vo lts is re co mm en de d u nd er lo ad to e na ble th e

fu rn ac es to re ac h m a xim u m p ote ntia l o pe ra tin g te m pe ra tu re s a nd

h e atin g ra te a n d, fo r s om e s ys te m s w ith Z ee m a n e ffe ct b a ck gro u nd

c o rr ec tio n , p ro p e r m a g n e tic f ie ld s tr en g th . F o r in s ta lla tio n s w h e re

the lin e vo lta ge m ay d rop be low th is le ve l, th e use o f a "buc k

b oo st" -ty pe tra ns fo rm e r is re co m m en de d to m a in ta in p ro pe r

a n a ly ti ca l o p e ra t in g c o n d it io n s .

A n a p pro p ria te ly -ra te d fe m a le e le ctr ic al c on n ec to r is re q uire d to

p ro vid e p ow er fo r th e g ra ph ite fu rn ac e. P le as e c on ta ct y ou r lo ca l

S erv ic e E ng in ee r to d ete rm in e th e a pp ro pr ia te c on ne cto r fo r y ou r

l abora to r y .

E le ctric al s up p ly c irc uitry , c irc uit b re a ke rs a nd w ir in g s iz e fo r th e

g ra p h it e f ur na c es s h ou ld b e s e le c te d a c co rd in g to lo c al r eg u la tio n s.

T hre e ty pe s o f 3 -w ire c irc uits u se d in N orth A m eric a w hic h p ro vid e

p ow er a de qu ate to ru n T HG A o r H G A sys te ms a re illu stra te d in

F ig ure 2 . T he A An alys t 70 0 A A re qu ire s a 2 30 vo lts (+5 %, -1 0% ),

5 0/6 0 H z (±0 .3 H z ) , 2 0- o r 3 0-a mp lin e ca pa ble o f d elive rin g

3 .5 kW o f pea k p ow er.

T h e TH GA fu rnac e an d Zeem an m ag ne t o f th e A An alys t 6 00 an d

A A n aly st 8 0 0 s ys te m s o p era te fro m a s in g le , d e dic ate d e le ctr ic al

sup p ly o f 23 0 vo lts (+5% , -1 0% ), 3 0 am p, 5 0 o r 60 H z (±0 .3 H z),

s in gle p ha se , ca pa ble o f d elive rin g 7 .7 kW o f p ea k p ow er.

T he A An alys t 6 00 a nd A An alys t 8 00 sy ste m s a re a ll p ro vid ed

w ith a 30 -am p p lug , an d th e H GA 900 a nd A Ana ly s t 70 0 A A

a re p ro vid ed w ith a 2 0-a mp p lu g. It is re co mm en de d th at 8 -g au ge

(6 rn m ') w ire b e u se d fo r th e e le ctrica l su pp ly fo r A An alys t 6 00

a nd A An alys t 8 00 sy ste m s, a nd th at th e le ng th o f th e w ir in g

(c irc uit b re ak er to in stru m en t c on ne ctio n) n ot e xc ee d 2 0 m e te rs

(6 5 fe et). A lth ou gh 1O -g au ge (4 rn rn ') w ire c an b e u se d fo r th ee le ctr ica l su pp ly o f th e H G A 9 00 a nd A An alys t 70 0 A A, 8 -g au ge

(6 rn m ') w ire is re co m m en de d.

F or a ll fu rn ac e s ys te m s, th e e le ctr ic al s up ply s ho uld c on ta in a

"s lo w b lo w" c ircu it b re ake r ca pa ble o f h an dlin g 3 00 % o f th e

ra te d c urre nt fo r p er io ds o f 3 s ec on ds . A ls o, th e A A s pe ctro m ete r,

g ra ph ite fu rn ac e, Z ee m an m a gn et, c om p ute r a nd o th er a cc es so rie s

sh ou ld a ll b e co nn ec te d to th e sa m e e le ctr ica l g ro un d, a nd th e

p ow er s up ply s ho uld b e fre e o f tra ns ie nts in e xce ss o f 5 0 V o ve r

th e n om in al v olta g e.

Ad d it io n al F u rn a ce R eq u ir em e n ts . A w ate r s up ply is re qu ire d

to c oo l th e fu rn ac e q uic kly to a m bie nt te m pe ra tu re a fte r re ac hin g

h ig h a to m iza tio n te m pe ra tu re s. T he w ate r s up ply s ho uld b e fre e

o f se dim en t, h ave a p H be tw ee n 6 .5 and 7.5 , a nd a ha rd ness

le s s tha n 14 °D (2 .5 m M ol/lite r). A m ax im um flow o f 2 .5 L /m in

(0 .6 g al/m in ) is u se d fo r th e T HG A , 1 .5 lite rs /m in (0 .4 g al/m in )

fo r th e H GA a t a tem pe ra tu re be tw een 20 °C an d 40 "C . A s b o th

th e flo w ra te a nd w ate r te mp era tu re a ffe ct th e co olin g ra te , it is

d e sira b le to b e a b le to v ary th e flo w ra te to c om p e ns ate fo r v ar ia tio n

in c o olin g w a te r t em p e ra tu re . A s u it ab le re c ir cu la tin g c o olin g s y st em

is in clu de d w ith a n um be r o f T HG A sys te ms . W ith a n H G A sys te m

th e u se o f a n o ptio na l R e circ ula tin g C oo lin g S ys te m is s tro ng ly

re co m me nd ed . T o p re ve nt co m bu stio n o f th e g ra ph ite tu be a t h ig

te m pe ra tu re s, th e fu rn ac e is p urg ed w ith a rg on .

C AU TI ON :D o n ot u se n itro ge n a s th e fu rn ac e p urg e g as. Its u se m ay le ad

re du ce d se nsitiv ity fo r so me e le me nts , a nd it is a lso p ossib le fo r n itro ge n

r ea ct w ith th e g ra p hite t ub e at t em p e ra tu r es a b ov e 2 30 0 °C to f o rm c y a no g e

a t o x ic ga s .

W h e n o p er a ti ng t he HGA G r ap h it e F u r na c e sy st em s a t h ig h t em p e ra tu re s, d o n

l oo k d ir ec tl y a t t he t ub e w it ho u t s ui ta b le e ye p r ot ec ti on .

M a xim u m g as c on su m ptio n is 0 .7 lite rs /m in (0 .1 9 c ub ic fe et/m in )

fo r T HG A fu rn ac es a nd 1 .2 lite rs /m in (0 .3 c ub ic fe et/m in ) fo r th e

H G A fu rn ac es , b oth a t 3 00 -4 50 k Pa (4 4-6 6 p sig ). P ur ity s pe cif i-

ca tio n s fo r th e gas es to be used w ith H GA S ys tem s a re g ive n inS ec tio n 3 . V en tila tio n is re qu ire d to re m ov e p ote ntia lly to xic o r

c orro siv e g as es w hic h c an b e g en era te d b y th e s am p le s.

IIT r ain in g C o u rs es

T r a in in g c o u rs e s f o r u s e rs o f P e r kin E l me r a tom i c a b s o rp t io n in s tr ume n

a re g iv en a t v ario u s lo ca tio n s. T h e c ou rs es c ov er b a sic p rin cip le s

a nd a pp lic atio ns o f a to m ic a bs orp tio n a nd d eta ile d in stru ctio n in

th e u se o f th e in stru m en ts a nd m a jo r a cc es so rie s.

T o g ain th e m o st b en efit fro m th e tra in in g co urse , it is s tro ng ly

re co mm e nd e d th at th e a tte n de e s ho uld h a ve o pe ra te d th e in stru m e n

fo r a t le as t se ve ra l w ee ks p rio r to th e co urse .

F o r a dd it io n al in fo rm a tio n o n a to m ic s pe ctro sc op y tra in in g c ou rs e

p le a se c o nt ac t y o ur lo c al s a le s re p re s en ta tiv e .

II!) F a cilitie s R eq uire d fo r P e rk in E lm e r AA In s tr um e n ts

T he fo llo w in g fig ure a nd ta ble s p ro vid e th e d im e ns io ns a nd p ow e

re qu ire m e nts fo r P e rk in E l m er a to m ic a bs orp tio n in stru m e nts a nd

m a jo r a cc es so rie s. D im e n sio n s a re d efin e d in F ig ure 3 . R e qu ire d

se rv ice s a re sh ow n in T ab le 4 , a nd p ro du ct d im e ns io ns a nd

a pp ro xim a te p ow er c on su m ptio n fo r A A s pe ctro m ete rs a nd m a jo r

a c ce s so rie s a re g iv e n in T a b le 5 . P e rk in E lm e r in s tru m e n ts w ill n o rm a l

o pe ra te w ith in a ± 1 0% ra ng e o f th e sp ec if ie d vo lta ge a nd w ith in

± 1 H z o f th e s pe cif ie d fre qu en cy , u nle ss o th erw is e n ote d. If th ep ow er lin e is u ns ta ble , f lu ctu ate s in fre qu en cy o r is s ub je ct to

su rg es o r sa gs , a dd it io na l c on tro l o f th e in co min g p ow er m a y b e

re qu ire d. A m e an s o f e le ctric ally g ro un din g th e in stru m en ts a nd

a c ce s so rie s m u s t b e a v aila b le .



F ig u r e 3. Spectrometer and accessories dimensions (Table 5) .

Table 4. Required Services.

A = width

B = he igh t to top o f cove r

( = depth

D = d is ta nce fro m ce nter o f a to mizer co mp artm en t to righ t h an d

e dg e o f in str um e nt

E = p ro tu bera nce o f s am ple tra y in fro nt o f in stru men t

F = he igh t o f flam e sh ie ld above top o f in s trum en t cove r

G = 10 cm (4 inches ) in a ll cases

H = 30 cm (12 inches ) in a ll cases

J = 15 cm (6 inches ) in a ll cases

In strum ent! G ases C ooling C omputer Req . N o . E lectrica l

A ccessory A ir N 20 C 2H 2 A r W ater C ontro lled o f Ven ts Power

AAna l y s t 200 • • • 1 a

AAna l y s t 400 • • • • 1 a

AAna l y s t 600 • d • 1 b

AAna l y s t 700 • • • • d • 1 b

AAna l y s t 800 • • • • • 1 b

HGA 900 • d e c b

FIAS 100/400 • e c a

FIMS 100/400 • • c a

Amalgamat ion

At tachment • • e a

MHS-1S • c

a = 115 V, 50 /60 Hz or 230 V, 50 /60 Hz, s ing le phase

b = 230 V (+5% , -10%) , 50 o r 60 H z, s ing le phase

c = u se s th e s am e v en t a s th e s pe ctro me te r

d = op tio na l (in clu de d w ith s om e v ers io ns o f th e A An aly st 6 00 )

e = c on tr olle d fr om th e s pe ctr om e te r c om p ute r/c on tr olle r



Table 5. Instrument and Accessory Specifications (Refer to Figure 3).

W id th (cm ) He ight (cm ) Dep th ( cm ) (cm ) (cm ) (cm ) Power W eight

A B C D E F VA Kg

Spectrometers:

AAna lys t 200 70 47 65 46 18 18 200 49

AAna lys t 400 70 47 65 46 18 18 200 49

AAna lys t 600 110 65 70 43 30 6 5000 175

AAna lys t 700 110 64 70 43 30 10 3600 147

AAna lys t 800 110 64 70 43 30 10 5000 187

G r ap hi te F u rn a ce C omponen ts :

HGA 900 C on tro lle r 32 65 65 3600 43

AS 900 Au tosam p le r 25 20 34 NA 6

HG A fTHGA Coo ling S ys tem 20 37.5 50 140 18

F l ame Au tosamp l er s :

S10 42 56 34 360 4

Me rcu ry /H y d rid e S y s tem :

MH~15 I 17 38 16 NA 3

FI I' f S tw nJec Ion ,ys em s:F IAS 100 /400 42 18 41 600 11

F IM S 100 /400 42 26 41 450 12

Am a lgam a tion A tta chm en t 25 25 24 300 5

Lenovo lB>hinkCen t re lB>MS8p Com puters :

CPU 18 44 40 690 11

17" LCD M on ito r 37 33 18 210 15

Keyboa rd 46 5 18 NA 2

Accessor ies:

A u to P re p '" 5 0 A u to d ilu to r 34 39 20 60 7.5

A ir Com p resso r 65 55 31 700 36

H ea te d N 20 Regu la to r 150 2

H p® laserlet" 4 25 0 P rin te r 39 35 41 330 18

H p ® 5 60 0 S erie s In kje t

P rin te r 44 20 37 250 6

B ro th er" H L-5 24 0 L as er

Pr inter 36 24 38 610 9 .5

L ex m ark ® E 2 60 d L as er

P rin te r 40 26 37 600 13 .5

* W ith th e A An alys t 4 00 , th e furna ce a uto sa mp le r p ro je cts 3 0 c m fro m th e le ft fro nt o f th e in stru me nt in its s to ra ge p os itio n.

** W ith th e A An aly st 6 00 , 70 0 o r 8 00 , th e fu rn ace au to sa mp ler p ro je cts 35 cm fro m th e rig ht fro nt o f th e in stru me nt in its s to ra ge po sit io n.

*** H eig ht a t m ax im um sa mp le a rm u pw ard tra ve l.

N A N ot a pp lic ab le (p ow ere d b y a no th er d ev ic e o r in clu de d w ith a no th er c om po ne nt)

III Impo rt an t A c c es sor ie s a n d Con sumab le s

L i ne Cond i ti one rs

Instrument Model Description Hz Model Part No.

AAnalyst 100/200/300/400 2.4 KVA Line Conditioner 60 2.4kVA N9307506

AAnalyst 100/200/300/400 7.5 KVA Line Conditioner 50 7.5kVA N9307521

AAnalyst 600/S00 5.S KVA Line Conditioner 60 5.SkVA N9307511

AAnalyst 600/S00 6 KVA Line Conditioner 50 6kVA N9307523

AAnalyst 700 3.S KVA Line Conditioner 60 3.SkVA N9307509

AAnalyst 700 3.6 KVA Line Conditioner 50 3.6kVA N9307522



UPS S y stem s

Description Hz Model Part No.

Power Conditioned UPS 60 800 VA N0777681

Power Conditioned UPS 50 800 VA N0777689

On-Line Conditioned UPS SO/60Hz 50/60 5.2 kVA N0777511

On-Line Conditioned UPS SO/60Hz 50/60 10kVA N0777613

P re ve n tiv e M ain te n an c e K its

AAnalyst 200/400 Preventive Maintenance Kit

Description Q.ty

N2010S40

Part No.

Burner Head Viton® O-Ring

O-Ring 1

09902219

09902147

O-Ring 5 ID 1.2 WD

O-Ring 0.070 ID 0.040 WD

2

1

09926126

09926083

Nebulizer Tubing Assembly

Acrylate Felt Filter

1

1

B3150458

B0501696

Tygon® Tubing per foot/0.3 M 4 02507987

AAnalyst 600 Preventive Maintenance Kit

Description Q.ty

N2010S42

Part No.

Standard THGA Graphite Tubes - 5 Pack

THGA Contact Cylinders - 1 Pair

B3000641

B0504035

AS 800 Sampling Probe

Quartz Window

B0129258

B0198005

Quad Ring 25 x 3.53

Air Filter FIAS /Amalgam

B0501236

B0502706


PTFE Tubing (Clear) 1.75 ID x 2.45 OD

B0501696

BOOl7998

Ferrule Front 2.45

Ferrule Back 2.45

B300l333

B300l334

PTFE-Hose 1.0 ID x 0.3 WD

Back Ferrule 1/16 IN

B0029792

B0080196

Front Ferrule 1/16 IN

Cleaning Tips - 10 Pack

B0080197

B0505368


Description Q.ty

N2010S43

Part No.

Pyrocoated Graphite Tubes with Integrated

Platforms - 5 Pack B3001262

Contact Cylinders - 1 Set


B0128495

B0129258

Quartz Window

Collar - Window Holder

B0080850

B3120294

Burner Head Viton® O-Ring

O-Ring

09902219

09902147

Nebulizer O-Ring Kit

Hollow Cylinder

1

3

N9300065

B0180642

Tygon'" Tubing per foot/0.3 M

Nebulizer Poly Tubing 10 FT

4 02507987

09908265

PTFE Tubing (Clear) 1.75 ID x 2.45 OD B0017998



Preventive Maintenance Kits, cont.

AAnalyst 700 Preventive Maintenance Kit, cont.

Description Q.ty

N2010543

Part No.

Ferrule Front 2.45

Ferrule Back 2.45

1

1

B3001333

B3001334



1

1

B0029792

B0080196


Air Filter FIAS / Amalgam

1

1

B0080197

B0502706

Acrylate Felt Filter B0501696


Description Q.ty

N2010544

Part No.

Standard THGA Graphite Tubes - 5 Pack

THGA Contact Cylinders - 1 Pair

B3000641

B0504035


Quartz Window

B0129258

B0198005

Quad Ring 25 x 3.53

Burner Head Viton® O-Ring 1

B0501236

09902219

O-RingNebulizer O-Ring Kit

1

109902147N9300065

Hollow Cylinder

Tygon® Tubing per foot/0.3 M

3

4

B0180642

02507987

Nebulizer Poly Tubing 10 FT

PTFE Tubing (Clear) 1.75 ID x 2.45 OD

1

1

09908265

B0017998

Ferrule Front 2.45

Ferrule Back 2.45

1

1

B3001333

B3001334



1

1

B0029792

B0080196


Air Filter FIAS / Amalgam

1 B0080197

B0502706


Cleaning Tips - 10 Pack

B0501696

B0505368

Every day you count on PerkinElmer to provide you with solutions that deliver reliable performance, control operating costs and

maximize operational time. Our complete portfolio of consumables, parts, supplies, training and service helps you meet both routine

and demanding measurement challenges. We invest heavily in testing and validating our products to ensure you receive guaranteed

compatibili ty and performance - on-time, for every instrument in your laboratory.

For a complete listing of AA consumables, please visit www.perkinelmer.com/aasupplies

PerkinElmer, Inc .

940 Winter Street

Wal tham, MA 02451 USA

P: (800) 762-4000 or

(+1) 203·925-4602

www.perkinelmer.com

,~PerkinElmer

For a complete listing of our global offices, visit www.perkinelmer.comlContactUs

Copyright ©2003-2011, PerkinElmer, Inc . A ll r ights reserved. PerkinElmer· isa reg is tered trademark of PerkinElmer, Inc . A ll o ther trademarks are the property of the ir respect ive owners.

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