98804
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Uso de algunos herbicidas en pimenton, informacion tomada de la Universidad de CaliforniaTRANSCRIPT
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DevelopingDeveloping a Weed Control Strategy in a Weed Control Strategy in
Transplanted Bell Peppers with Transplanted Bell Peppers with
Preemergence Herbicides Preemergence Herbicides for Californiafor California
Michelle Le Strange and Richard SmithMichelle Le Strange and Richard SmithUniversity of California Cooperative ExtensionUniversity of California Cooperative Extension
Farm Advisors in Tulare and Monterey CountiesFarm Advisors in Tulare and Monterey Counties
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Weed Control Challenges Weed Control Challenges field grown peppers without plastic mulchfield grown peppers without plastic mulch
Peppers compete Peppers compete
poorly with weeds poorly with weeds
for the first 40 to 60 for the first 40 to 60
days following days following
transplanting.transplanting.
Peppers may be Peppers may be
subject to weed subject to weed
pressure by both pressure by both
winter and summer winter and summer
annual weeds.annual weeds.
2007
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Issues with weed control in Issues with weed control in
California field grown peppersCalifornia field grown peppers
Several perennial Several perennial weeds are weeds are problematic.problematic.
Registered Registered preemergentpreemergentherbicides have herbicides have gaps in spectrum of gaps in spectrum of weeds controlled.weeds controlled.
Very few postVery few post--emergent herbicides emergent herbicides registered.registered.
2007
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As a result of these challenges weed management is a significant
cost of production.
Growers can easily spend $400/Acre
On herbicide application, mechanical cultivation,
and hand hoeing.
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Black Nightshade
(Solanum nigrum)
Difficult to control weeds in CaliforniaDifficult to control weeds in California
Hairy NightshadeHairy Nightshade
((SolanumSolanum sarrachoidessarrachoides))
Also Also cutleafcutleaf nightshade nightshade
and and groundcherrygroundcherry. .
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Common purslane (Portulaca oleracea)
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Pigweeds (Amaranthus sp.)
Redroot pigweed
Tumble pigweed
Also Prostrate pigweed
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Puncturevine (Tribulus terrestris)
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Difficult to control perennial weeds in CADifficult to control perennial weeds in CA
Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus)
Purple nutsedge (Cyperus purpurea)
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Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)
No currently registered layby herbicide is effective against field bindweed.
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Little Mallow (Malva parviflora)
No currently registered layby herbicide is effective against malva.
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Weed Control Materials Registered for Weed Control Materials Registered for
Transplanted Peppers in CaliforniaTransplanted Peppers in California
PreplantPreplant
ParaquatParaquat
Roundup Roundup
MetamMetam SodiumSodium
Shark (Shark (carfentrazonecarfentrazone))
Scythe (Scythe (pelargonicpelargonic acid)acid)
PreplantPreplant -- PreemergencePreemergence
TreflanTreflan & & Prowl HProwl H22OO
Dual Magnum Dual Magnum (24c)(24c)
GoalGoal1,21,2
Post TransplantPost Transplant DevrinolDevrinol
LaybyLayby DacthalDacthal
Prowl HProwl H22OO
Dual Magnum (24c)*Dual Magnum (24c)*
PostemergencePostemergence PoastPoast
Select Max (Select Max (clethodimclethodim))
SandeaSandea
11-- Preformed beds up to 30 days prior to transplanting, must workPreformed beds up to 30 days prior to transplanting, must work beds beds
22-- Applied to shaped beds and tarped (approved in 2004)Applied to shaped beds and tarped (approved in 2004)
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Field Research ObjectivesField Research Objectives
To develop a To develop a weed control strategyweed control strategy for for peppers with preemergence herbicides peppers with preemergence herbicides applied applied
-- At PLANTINGAt PLANTING
and/or and/or
-- At LAYBYAt LAYBY
that provide weed control throughout the that provide weed control throughout the growing season.growing season.
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2004 2004 -- 20082008
CA Weed Control Trials in PeppersCA Weed Control Trials in Peppers
Field Trials Field Trials Central Coast Central Coast (Santa Clara and Monterey Counties)
San Joaquin Valley San Joaquin Valley (Fresno County)
Materials evaluated included:Materials evaluated included: Dual Magnum Dual Magnum (S-metolachlor)
Chateau Chateau (flumioxazin)
Goal Tender Goal Tender (oxyfluorfen)
Outlook Outlook (dimethenamid)
Prowl H2O
Devrinol Devrinol ((napropamidenapropamide)) oror DacthalDacthal (DCPA)(DCPA) Standards
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Goal Tender Goal Tender ((DowAgroDowAgro Sciences)Sciences)
Goal Tender applied to Goal Tender applied to
shaped beds 30 days shaped beds 30 days
prior to transplanting.prior to transplanting.
Goal Tender less Goal Tender less
tendency to lift off the tendency to lift off the
soil and damage young soil and damage young
pepper plants.pepper plants.
Goal 2XL Goal TenderGoal 2XL Goal Tender
2 lb/gal 4 lb/gal2 lb/gal 4 lb/gal
RegisteredRegistered
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Concerns with Goal Treated Beds Concerns with Goal Treated Beds
without Incorporationwithout Incorporation
Leaf crinklingLeaf crinkling
but can causebut can cause
necrotic spottingnecrotic spotting
and leaf deathand leaf death
as wellas well
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Dual Magnum Dual Magnum ((SyngentaSyngenta))
When we started the current label was very When we started the current label was very restrictive and we are working with Syngenta restrictive and we are working with Syngenta to improve the wording and the allowed to improve the wording and the allowed usage (i.e. restricted to bell types and atusage (i.e. restricted to bell types and at--planting applications).planting applications).
It is registered for a 60 day PHI and, if we It is registered for a 60 day PHI and, if we could work out details on the wording of the could work out details on the wording of the label, it would be an important tool as a layby label, it would be an important tool as a layby application.application.
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Dual Magnum Dual Magnum ((SyngentaSyngenta))
Now available is an INDEMNIFIED 24c label for Now available is an INDEMNIFIED 24c label for
Dual Magnum in peppers, onions, celery, and Dual Magnum in peppers, onions, celery, and
spinach.spinach.
Growers can only obtain this label by going to Growers can only obtain this label by going to
the the SyngentaSyngenta sponsored website and sponsored website and
registering as a user. registering as a user. httphttp://://farmassist.comfarmassist.com
This agreement affords This agreement affords SyngentaSyngenta protection protection
from unreasonable liability. from unreasonable liability.
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Outlook Outlook (BASF)(BASF)
CurrentyCurrenty this product is not registered for use this product is not registered for use
in peppers. We are working with BASF to in peppers. We are working with BASF to
determine application method (over the top determine application method (over the top
versus directed spray), timing, and versus directed spray), timing, and
application rate. application rate.
We have noticed excellent weed control, but We have noticed excellent weed control, but
crop phytotoxicity may be a problem.crop phytotoxicity may be a problem.
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Chateau, Chateau, BroadstarBroadstar ((flumioxazinflumioxazin)) ((ValentValent))
This product provided excellent weed control. This product provided excellent weed control. BUT Crop PHYTOTOXICITY is a PROBLEM.BUT Crop PHYTOTOXICITY is a PROBLEM.
We worked with We worked with ValentValent Corp. to determine Corp. to determine application method (spray versus granule), application method (spray versus granule), timing, and application rate for a couple of timing, and application rate for a couple of years.years.
We stopped testing it but then resumed last We stopped testing it but then resumed last year in conjunction with water repellent year in conjunction with water repellent adjuvantsadjuvants to increase selectivity. to increase selectivity.
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Bell Pepper Herbicide Studies
Monterey
April 15
May 15
Baron
40 bed x 25
74 gal/A
June 16
Sprinkler to drip
Pacheco silt loam
Aug 19
Fresno
March 15
April 15
Jupiter or Indra
2(40) x 70
30 gal/A
May 30 mid June
Sprinkler to furrow
Panoche clay loam
Aug 1-15
Methods
Preplant Goal Tender:
Transplant Peppers:
Variety:
Plot size:
Water volume:
Layby herbicides:
Irrigation:
Soil type:
Harvest:
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---------Untreated
7.00Dacthal 75W1.50Devrinol (standard)
7.00Dacthal 75W0.094Chateau - Broadstar
0.60Outlook 6.00.094Chateau - Broadstar
1.43Dual Magnum 7.620.094Chateau - Broadstar0.125 lb ai/A per 250 lbs
7.00Dacthal 75W0.60Outlook 6.0
0.60Outlook 6.00.60Outlook 6.0
1.43Dual Magnum 7.620.60Outlook 6.0
7.00Dacthal 75W0.50Goal Tender 4F1
0.60Outlook 6.00.50Goal Tender 4F1
1.43Dual Magnum 7.620.50Goal Tender 4F1
7.00Dacthal 75W1.43Dual Magnum 7.62
0.60Outlook 6.01.43Dual Magnum 7.62
1.43Dual Magnum 7.621.43Dual Magnum 7.62
Lbs a.i./ALayby ApplicationLbs a.i./A
Transplant Application
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Plot size: Two 40-inch beds x 70 row
4 replications
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2007
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UNTREATED
2007
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Weed control ratings (1-10 scale)
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Crop phytotoxicity ratings (1-10 scale)
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2007
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Goal Tender Worked! Fresno June 1, 2005
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Fresno - July 13, 2005
Goal TenderOutlook
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Dual Magnum Goal TenderDual Magnum Goal Tender
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OutlookOutlook
OutlookOutlook
DualDual
MagnumMagnum
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Fresno: Outlook stunting persisted to harvest August 23, 2005
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Fresno - Goal Tender & Dual Magnum
August 23, 2005
Weedy check
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0.71.0----
Untreated - weedy
6.70.7----
Untreated - weeded
8.88.20.0947.00
FlumioxazinFb Dacthal
8.89.70.0940.60
FlumioxazinFb Outlook
9.07.70.0941.43
Flumioxazinimpregnated on fertilizer
Fb Dual Magnum
7.09.70.607.00
OutlookFb Dacthal
8.510.00.600.60
OutlookFb Outlook
8.310.00.601.43
Outlook 6.0Fb Dual Magnum
8.81.00.507.00
Goal Tender1
Fb Dacthal
9.31.50.500.60
Goal Tender1
Fb Outlook
8.71.30.501.43
Goal Tender 4F1
Fb Dual Magnum
9.710.01.437.00
Dual MagnumFb Dacthal
8.510.01.430.60
Dual MagnumFb Outlook
9.69.81.431.43
Dual Magnum 7.62Fb Dual Magnum
67DAT
24DAT
a.i./ AcreTreatments
Weed ControlWeed Control
RatingsRatings
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31.520.9----
Untreated weedy
107.578.4----
Untreated weeded
89.065.30.0947.00
FlumioxazinFb Dacthal
112.379.40.0940.60
FlumioxazinFb Outlook
84.457.50.0941.43
Flumioxazinimpregnated on fertilizer
Fb Dual Magnum
31.921.00.607.00
OutlookFb Dacthal
66.241.80.600.60
OutlookFb Outlook
65.547.20.601.43
Outlook 6.0Fb Dual Magnum
89.166.00.507.00
Goal Tender1
Fb Dacthal
116.091.60.500.60
Goal Tender1
Fb Outlook
97.662.60.501.43
Goal Tender 4F1
Fb Dual Magnum
89.561.01.437.00
Dual MagnumFb Dacthal
103.571.31.430.60
Dual MagnumFb Outlook
112.277.61.431.43
Dual Magnum 7.62Fb Dual Magnum
Total FruitMarketable a.i./ATreatments
Yield of PeppersYield of Peppers
Lbs/plotLbs/plot
Peppers
never
recovered
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2008 Fresno Pepper Trial2008 Fresno Pepper Trial
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Pepper Variety - INDRA 10.5 inch spacing
lbs ai/A rate/A 6 plots lbs ai/A rate/A 6 plots
1 untreated 1 untreated
2 handweeded 2 handweeded
3 Dual Magnum 1.4 1.5 pt 43 ml 3 --------
4 Outlook Lo 0.5 10.7 oz 19 ml 4 --------
5 Outlook Hi 1.0 21.4 oz 38 ml 5 --------
6 Prowl H2O Lo 0.75 1.5 pt 45 ml 6 --------
7 Prowl H2O Hi 1.5 3.0 pt 90 ml 7 --------
8 Dacthal 7.0 9.3 lb 254 gr 8 --------
9 Dual Magnum 1.4 1.5 pt 43 ml 9 Dual Magnum 1.4 1.5 pt 43 ml
10 Dual Magnum 1.4 1.5 pt 43 ml 10 Outlook Lo 0.5 10.7 oz 19 ml
11 Dual Magnum 1.4 1.5 pt 43 ml 11 Outlook Hi 1.0 21.4 oz 38 ml
12 Dual Magnum 1.4 1.5 pt 43 ml 12 Prowl H2O Lo 0.75 1.5 pt 45 ml
13 Dual Magnum 1.4 1.5 pt 43 ml 13 Prowl H2O Hi 1.5 3.0 pt 90 ml
14 Dual Magnum 1.4 1.5 pt 43 ml 14 Dacthal 7.0 9.3 lb 254 gr
15 Outlook Lo 0.5 10.7 oz 19 ml 15 Outlook Lo 0.5 10.7 oz 19 ml
16 Outlook Hi 1.0 21.4 oz 38 ml 16 Outlook Lo 0.5 10.7 oz 19 ml
17 Outlook Lo 0.5 10.7 oz 19 ml 17 Outlook Hi 1.0 21.4 oz 38 ml
18Outlook Lo &
Prowl H2O Lo 0.5 & 0.75
10.7 oz &
1.5 pt
19 ml &
45 ml 18 --------
19Outlook Hi &
Prowl H2O Lo 1.0 & 0.75
21.4 oz &
1.5 pt
38 ml &
45 ml 19 --------
20Outlook Lo &
Prowl H2O Lo 0.5 & 0.75
10.7 oz &
1.5 pt
19 ml &
45 ml 20Outlook Lo &
Prowl H2O Lo 0.5 & 0.75
10.7 oz &
1.5 pt
19 ml &
45 ml
21Outlook Hi &
Prowl H2O Lo 1.0 & 0.75
21.4 oz &
1.5 pt
38 ml &
45 ml 21Outlook Hi &
Prowl H2O Lo 1.0 & 0.75
21.4 oz &
1.5 pt
38 ml &
45 ml
22 Outlook Lo 0.5 10.7 oz 19 ml 22 Dual Magnum 1.4 1.5 pt 43 ml
23 Outlook Hi 1.0 21.4 oz 38 ml 23 Dual Magnum 1.4 1.5 pt 43 ml
24 Outlook Lo 0.5 10.7 oz 19 ml 24 Dacthal 7.0 9.3 lb 254 gr
25 Outlook Hi 1.0 21.4 oz 38 ml 25 Dacthal 7.0 9.3 lb 254 gr
Layby application - Directed spray
2008 Bell Pepper X Preemergence HerbicidesApril 18 - At Planting application - applied post transplant, over the top
2008 Bell Pepper X Preemergence Herbicides
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Transplanted April 18, 2008
Photo on June 3
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June 19, 2008
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July 10, 2008
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August 4, 2008
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August 4, 2008
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OUTLOOK - Method of Application - 2008
At planting
OVER the topAt planting
DIRECTED Spray
Pre-Transplant
OVER the top
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DevelopingDeveloping a Weed Control Strategy in a Weed Control Strategy in
Transplanted Bell Peppers Transplanted Bell Peppers
with Preemergence Herbicides for Californiawith Preemergence Herbicides for California
A work in progress ...A work in progress ...
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgementsCalifornia Pepper Improvement FoundationCalifornia Pepper Improvement Foundation
California Pepper CommissionCalifornia Pepper Commission
UC West Side Research & Extension CenterUC West Side Research & Extension Center
B and T Farms, GilroyB and T Farms, Gilroy
Thank youThank you