9 - john sahlin - sahlin incose sd fall miniconf 2013 ... · 11/9/2013 ·...

Applica'on*of*Business*Systems*Architectures*

to*DoD*Engineering*Programs*

John P. Sahlin, Ph.D. Chief Technology Officer 619.213.3313 [email protected]

Presenta'on*to*the*INCOSE*San*Diego*18th*

Annual*Region*II*Fall*MiniCConference*

November*02,*2013*

Copyright*©*2013*by*John*P.*Sahlin.**Permission*granted*to*INCOSE*to*publish*and*use.*

Agenda*

•  U.S.*Federal*Cloud*Compu'ng*Ini'a've*

•  Value*of*Cloud*Compu'ng*

•  Challenges*to*Adop'on*•  Solu'on:*Systems*Engineer*as*Decision*Coach*

INCOSE*SD*18th*Annual*Region*II*Fall*Mini*Conference* 2*

U.S.*Federal*Cloud**

Compu'ng*Ini'a've*

•  All*Federal*agencies*must*consider*op'ons*for*

cloud*compu'ng*before*acquiring*new*IT*

infrastructure.*

•  Target*opportunity:*$20*Billion**– 25%*of*Federal*IT*Spending*

“Our*responsibility*in*government*is*to*achieve*

the*significant*cost,*agility*and*innova'on*

benefits*of*cloud*compu'ng*as*quickly*as*

possible.”*

~*Vivek*Kundra,*U.S.*CIO,*2011*

INCOSE*SD*18th*Annual*Region*II*Fall*Mini*Conference* 3*(Kundra,*2011)*

A*Stairway*to*the*Clouds*

(Mell*and*Grance,*2011;*Sahlin,*2013)*

NIST*Defini'on*of*Cloud*Compu'ng*Iden'fies*a*number*of*Cloud*

Compu'ng*Models*and*Technology*Enablers*


Why*Cloud*Compu'ng?*

Cloud*Compu'ng*is*adrac've*to*commercial*industry*because*it*reduces*Total*Ownership*Costs*(TOC),*which*increases*

PROFIT*

(Rackspace,*2011)*

Problem: 80% IT Expense is NOT spent on CORE Business

But do Business Architectures make sense for Government? INCOSE*SD*18th*Annual*Region*II*Fall*Mini*Conference* 5*

Federal*Adop'on*of*Cloud*

Compu'ng*

•  U.S.*federal*government*spending*on*cloud*

compu'ng*will*reach*$1.7*billion*in*2014*and*

is*likely*to*exceed*$7*billion*by*2017*

~IDC*Research,*2013*

•  U.S.*Federal*Cloud*Spending*slightly*increased*from*FY2012*to*FY2013*

~U.S.*Office*of*Management*and*Budget,*2013*

INCOSE*SD*18th*Annual*Region*II*Fall*Mini*Conference* 6*(McCarthy,*2013;*McCarthy,*2013a)*

Federal*Adop'on*of*Cloud:*

A*Closer*Look*

Real*growth*in*Federal*Cloud*Compu'ng*is*simply*Data*

Center*Consolida'on*(IaaS)*

Cloud&Model&FY2012&Cloud&Spending&($M)&

FY2013&Cloud&Spending&($M)&

%&Change&

Sokware*as*a*

Service*(SaaS)*$***765* $***740* C*3%*

Plalorm*as*a*

Service*(PaaS)*$***317* $***315* C*1%*

Infrastructure*as*a*

Service*(IaaS)*$1,000* $1,200* +*20%*

Total* $2,082* $2,255* +*8%*

Why is higher-order Cloud Computing declining? INCOSE*SD*18th*Annual*Region*II*Fall*Mini*Conference* 7*

(McCarthy,*2013a)*

Affordable*Care*Act:*

Insurance*Exchanges*

When*the*Affordable*Health*Care*Act*went*into*effect*on*October*1,*

2013,*the*Federal*Heath*Care*Exchange*(HealthCare.gov)*experienced*a*

number*of*issues*regarding*site*performance*and*sokware*problems*

Outsourcing*this*

exchange*to*a*public*

cloud*(e.g.,*Amazon*

Web*Services)*could*

have*allowed*for*onC

demand*resource*

provisioning*to*

support*the*ini'al*

spike*of*ac'vity.*

(Klein,*2013)* INCOSE*SD*18th*Annual*Region*II*Fall*Mini*Conference* 8*

Value*of*Cloud*Compu'ng*

to*Government*

•  Efficiency&–  Improved*asset*u'liza'on*(server*u'liza'on*>*60C70%)*

–  Aggregated*demand*and*accelerated*system*consolida'on*

–  Improved*produc'vity*(app*development/management,*network,*endCuser)*

•  Agility&–  Purchase*“asCaCservice”*vice*major*capital*investment*

–  NearCinstantaneous*increases*and*reduc'ons*in*capacity*–  More*responsive*to*urgent*agency*needs**

•  InnovaBon&–  Shik*focus*from*asset*ownership*to*service*management*

–  Tap*into*private*sector*innova'on*–  Encourages*entrepreneurial*culture*–  Beder*linked*to*emerging*technologies*(e.g.,*devices)*

(Kundra,*2011)*

So why aren’t all the cool kids doing it? INCOSE*SD*18th*Annual*Region*II*Fall*Mini*Conference* 9*

Adop'on*Challenge*1:*

Making*the*Business*Case*

•  Cloud*Compu'ng*is*fundamentally*a*BUSINESS*

Architecture*designed*to*maximize*profit.*

•  Cost*Savings*(without*top*line*revenue*growth)*are*oken*not*realized*for*YEARS.*

•  Government*agencies*oken*operate*on*a*zeroC

sum*game*budget;*increases*in*one*area*must*be*

offset*by*reduc'ons*in*another.*


Adop'on*Challenge*#2:**

Who*Pays*the*Bill?*

Total*Ownership*Cost*(TOC):*of*an*IT*Enterprise*include*SW*

Development,*Procurement,*Staffing,*Facili'es,*Training,*etc.*

Transi'oning*to*a*cloud*will*require*some*ini'al*investment*

Code& N1& N2/N6& N4&

Title*

Manpower,*

Educa'on,*and*

Training*

Informa'on*

Dominance*

Fleet*Readiness*and*

Logis'cs*

Financial*

Responsibility*

•  Personnel*/*

Staffing*

•  Curricula*

Development*

•  Training*Delivery*

•  Development*of*IT*

Systems*

•  Procurement*of*IT*

Systems*

•  Sustainment*of*IT*

Systems*

•  Documenta'on*

•  Spares*

•  Power*

•  Facili'es*

•  Fuel*

No single bill payer = no incentive for enterprise decisions! INCOSE*SD*18th*Annual*Region*II*Fall*Mini*Conference* 11*

(U.S.*Navy,*2013)*

Adop'on*Challenge*3:*

Zealotry*Makes*Us*Dumb*

In*a*recent*study*by*

Yale*researchers…*

If*a*person*has*a*strong*

poli'cal*posi'on,*he/

she*is*highly*unlikely*to*

correctly*iden'fy*

trends*EVEN*AFTER*

being*shown*data*that*

counters*his/her*ideas.**

Enter the Systems Engineer!

Republicans* Democrats*

INCOSE*SD*18th*Annual*Region*II*Fall*Mini*Conference* 12*(Kahan,*Peters,*Dawson,*and*Slovic,*2013)*

Systems*Engineer*as*

Decision*Coach*

•  The*Systems*Engineer*must*take*on*the*role*of*Decision*Coach*

•  Filter*through*masses*of*data*

•  Iden'fy*ac'onable*informa'on*

•  Present*the*informa'on*that:*

– Generates*SYMBOLIC*associa'ons*between*facts*and*risk*

– Ensures*decision*makers*can*take*advantage*of*their*capacity*for*science*comprehension*

Make the data make sense! INCOSE*SD*18th*Annual*Region*II*Fall*Mini*Conference* 13*

The*Infographic:**

Migh'er*than*the*Data!*

Symbols*are*far*more*powerful*than*

raw*data*in*affec'ng*decision*makers*

(especially*when*combayng*

preconceived*no'ons)*

The Systems Engineer is ideally suited to understand which data are relevant and how to communicate them effectively

INCOSE*SD*18th*Annual*Region*II*Fall*Mini*Conference* 14*(Sahlin,*2013)*

Why*the*Systems*

Engineer?*

Systems&engineering:&•  integrates)all)the)disciplines)and)specialty)groups)into)a)team)effort.)

•  considers)both)the)business)and)the)technical)needs.))

(INCOSE,*2012)*

Systems&Engineer&

Sales&

CEO&/&CFO

&/&CTO

&

Client&Service&/&Help&Desk&

Project&Management&

Engineering&


About*Cabrillo*

Technologies*

Cabrillo*Technologies*is*a*wholly*owned*subsidiary*of*the*

McKean*Defense*Group.*Our*mission*is*to*apply*the*best*

prac'ces*and*architectures*from*a*variety*of*industries*to*

the*tac'cal*networking*environment.**

Our*subject*mader*experts*balance*experience*in*both-DoD*and*Commercial*best*prac'ces*to*adapt*commercial*

technology*architectures*to*the*challenges*faced*in*military*

tac'cal*environments.*

hdp://www.cabrillotechnologies.com/**… and I’m hiring!


Publica'on*Opportunity*

Social)Media)and)the)Transforma:on)of)Interac:on)in)Society**

Book’s*Focus:*

•  Value*of*Social*Media*beyond*the*typical*no'on*of*Social*Marke'ng*

•  Case*studies*of*crea've*uses*of*Social*Media*in*atypical*scenarios*(e.g.,*nonCprofit,*military,*law*enforcement,*etc.)*

Target*for*publica'on:*2015*

*

If*interested*in*contribu'ng*a*chapter,*please*contact*me*at*[email protected]**


References*

•  INCOSE.*(2012).*Systems)engineering)handbook:)A)guide)for)system)life)cycle)processes)and)ac:vi:es,)version)3.2.2.*San*Diego,*

CA,*USA:*Interna'onal*Council*on*Systems*Engineering*(INCOSE),*INCOSECTPC2003C002C03.2.2.*

•  Kahan,*D.*M.,*Peters,*E.,*Dawson,*E.*C.,*&*Slovic,*P.*(September*03,*2013).*Mo'vated*numeracy*and*enlightened*selfC

government.*The*Cultural*Cogni'on*Project*working*paper*Number*116.*New*Haven,*CT:*Yale*Law*School.*Available:*hdp://

papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2319992*

•  Klein,*E.*(October*14,*2013).*Five*thoughts*on*the*Obamacare*disaster.**The*Washington*Post*Wonkblog*(online*edi'on).*

Available*:*hdp://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/*10/14/fiveCthoughtsConCtheCobamacareCdisaster/*

•  Kundra,*V.*(February*08,*2011).*Federal)Cloud)Compu:ng)Strategy.*Available*:*hdp://www.dhs.gov/*sites/*default/files/

publica'ons/digitalCstrategy/federalCcloudCcompu'ngCstrategy.pdf*

•  Mell,*P.,*&*Grance,*T.*(2011).*Special)Publica:on)800H145:)The)NIST)Defini:on)of)Cloud)Compu:ng.*Washington,*D.C.:*Na'onal*

Ins'tute*of*Standards*and*Technology.*

•  McCarthy,*S.*(June*07,*2013).*Why*government’s*move*to*the*cloud*has*gone*stagnant.*Available*:*hdp://gcn.com/Ar'cles/

2013/06/07/GovernmentCmoveCtoCcloudCstagnant.aspx?Page=1*

•  McCarthy,*S.*(July*2013).*Technology*selec'on:*Government*cloud*spending*by*U.S.*federal*agency*–*growth*and*slight*

contrac'on.*Available*:*hdp://www.idcCgi.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=GI241746*

•  Rackspace,*Inc.*(2011).*“Cloudonomics:*The*economics*of*cloud*compu'ng.”*White*paper*available:*hdp://

www.rackspacecloud.com/cloudu**

•  Sahlin,*J.*(2013).*Cloud*compu'ng:*Past,*present,*and*future.*In*X.*Yang,*&*L.*Liu*(Eds.),*Principles,)methodologies,)and)serviceH

oriented)approaches)for)cloud)compu:ng*(pp.*19C50).*Hershey,*PA:*Business*Science*Reference.*doi:

10.4018/978C1C4666C2854C0.ch002*

•  U.S.*Navy.*(2013).*U.S.*Navy*organiza'on*–*Office*of*the*Chief*of*Naval*Opera'ons.*Available:*hdp://www.navy.mil/navydata/*

organiza'on/orgCcno.asp*


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