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Hydrogen andthe Mining Industry

Jay Keller, Ph.D.; Co-Directory of Energy Technologies;

Susan Schoenung, Ph.D.; PE.; Co-Director of Energy Technologies

George Williams, Ph.D.; Director of Marine Technologies

Mark Waer, Ph.D.; Director of Water Technologies

Mauricio Torres-Benavides; Managing Director

AdapTec SA

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Presented at: International Conference on Hydrogen from Renewable Energies,

New Opportunities for ChileMay 10, 2017

Outline• Who is Adaptec? • Zero Emissions Copper: Solar to H2

• Hydrogen Mining Village Concept• Hydrogen in Mine Vehicles Challenges

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• Who is Adaptec? • Zero Emissions Copper: Solar to H2

• Hydrogen Mining Village Concept• Hydrogen in Mine Vehicles Challenges

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Outline

AdapTec’s Technical Team• Engineering consultants with over 120 years

established combined world class expertise in:

– Hydrogen technologies• Internal combustion engines

– Turbines, Reciprocating (spark ignited, compression ignition)

• Fuel Cell Systems– Power systems, electrolysis

• Hydrogen Storage Systems– Renewable Hydrogen Systems

Analysis• Remote Hydrogen Villages• Grid Scale Hydrogen Energy Storage• Transport systems• Distributed micro-grids

– Ship and Marine Engineering and Architecture

– Water purification and management

Dr. Jay Keller

Dr. Susan Schoenung

Dr. GeorgeWilliams

Dr. Mark Waer

Project Aquiyos:Distributed H 2O Delivery and H 2 Refueling

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Initial Pickup

Multiple Re-Fueling and Drop-offs

Final Drop off and Re-Fueling

Diagram Key

water

hydrogen

Baker River outlet

H2 Electrolyzerusing Renewable

power

• Who is Adaptec • Zero Emissions Copper: Solar to H2

• Hydrogen Mining Village Concept• Hydrogen in Mine Vehicles Challenges

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Outline

Zero Emissions Copper: Solar to H2Infrastructure Integration Outcomes

• Predictable energy costs• Increased efficiency• Integrate distributed

energy based on renewables

• Co-benefits to: urban, transport, energy, and environmental sectors

Mining/Transport Sectors Energy Use

Renewables

Electrolysis

Biomass

• Crushing• Grinding• Concentration• Electrorefining• Electrowinning

Bio-diesel

H2

Urban Consumers Mining

Applications

Water and Mining in Northern Chile

• Downstream consumers have priority on water• Mining must rely on desalination and water pumping

Pacific Ocean

Urban Consumers

H2

Mining Applications

H2

Project Aquiyos & Water Swapping

Patagonia

Northern Chile

H2

H20

Win-Win: • Savings on water for mining operations• Higher quality water for urban use

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• Who is Adaptec • Zero Emissions Copper: Solar to H2

• Hydrogen Mining Village Concept• Hydrogen in Mine Vehicles Challenges

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Outline

Solar-powered H 2 mining village supports mine activities

Local Micro-grid~

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Renewable hydrogen micro -grids:Many IEA examples worldwide

• Islands: Hawaii, Canaries (Spain), Lolland (Holland), Corsica (France)

• Technology parks: South Korea • Remote areas: National Parks

(Hawaii)• Off-grid estates: Brunate (Italy),

Midlands (UK)

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Base power and vehicle fuel: Honolulu

Renewable hydrogen communities: electricity generation approaches

H2 STORAGE TANKS

FUEL CELL

from Grid or solar plant

~ ~ Fuel cell

ELECTROLYSERH2 STORAGE

TANKSICE

~ to Grid or user

~ Engine

ELECTROLYSERH2 & O2

STORAGE TANKS

COMBINED CYCLE POWER

PLANT

~ ~ Turbine

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ELECTROLYSER

to Grid or user

to Grid or user

from Grid or solar plant

from Grid or solar plant

Renewable hydrogen communities: Analysis optimization design factors

• Hydrogen storage capacity to meet dynamic demand from dynamic supply

• Electrolyzer type to meet response requirements• Generator type (fuel cell or engine)• Water supply: open or closed loop (Oxygen

capture)• Control system features consistent with micro-

grid or individual users

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• Who is Adaptec • Zero Emissions Copper: Solar to H2

• Hydrogen Mining Village Concept• Hydrogen in Mine Vehicles Challenges

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Outline

Hydrogen in Mine Vehicle Challenges

• High Powered Hydrogen Fueled (or dual fueled) Internal Combustion Engines have been demonstrated & some are/were commercial ready– Ford working in collaboration

with Sandia National Laboratories and BMW developed high efficient (~50% brake thermal) near zero emission Light Duty engines

– Several others have successfully demonstrated hydrogen enriched, dual fueled, piloted … configurations.

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International R&D on H2 ICE Technology

Hydrogen in Mine Vehicle Challenges

• How to put enough H2 on board to make it work?– Diesel has an energy density (LHV) – (Neglecting the Vol. of

the Tank) that is --• 4.2 times that of liquid hydrogen (double walled cr yogenic

tank)• 7.6 times that of hydrogen stored at 70 MPa (COPV)

• This application needs a high energy density liquid hydrocarbon fuel – like Bio-diesel

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• Dual Fuel means two tanks– Increase real estate

on the vehicle – Two filling operations

Hydrogen in Mine Vehicle Challenges

• Bio-diesel– Chile already has a well established bio-mass industry with bio-

diesel production capability in the north. -- Net Zero CO 2

Emissions

• With Advanced CIDI technologies significant reduction in criterion emissions have been demonstrated.

Optimized Integrated Hydrogen and Water Solutions - Zero Emissions Copper

• Water transport from the south (Aquiyos)– Using Renewable Hydrogen with distributed

production, enables Hydrogen Infrastructure for local communities

• Renewable Hydrogen Mining Village– Using solar produced hydrogen energy storage

• Bio-diesel Fueled Mine Vehicles• High quality Aquiyos supplied water to local

communities liberates some mountain run-off for use in the Mine operations. 21

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Presentation End

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