RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

bifiPV Workshop Chambéry 2014

Turnkey ServicesTechnologies

Multi-PERCT:From monofacial pilot production to 18% bifacialAndreas Teppe, Tobias Friess, Dr. Holger Habenicht, Dr. Jens Krümberg, Dr. Arun Ramakrishnan, Dr. Chun Gong

supported by

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

Content

1. About RCT Solutions

2. Multicrystalline monofacial PERCT technology in pilot production

3. Multicrystalline bifacial cells

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

RCT Solutions

‣ RCT Solutions – The Turnkey Companycentaurus developerDevelopment and implementation of upgrade packagesIndustry and Greenfield Turnkey Projectsramp upExperienced Technologists and Project Managers

‣ Member of the RENA GroupClose cooperation with the ISC

‣ LocationConstance, South of Germany

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

Share of PV technologies

Source: NPD Solarbuzz

‣ 92% c-Si market share in 2014

‣ 62% based on multi crystalline wafers

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

Multi PERCT technology

Monofacial and bifacial cell technology based on standard quality mc wafers

Screen-printed Silver-paste

Screen-printed Aluminium fingers

Full area Boron-BSFPECVD passivation layer

Standard n+ emitter

Screen-printed Aluminium paste

p-type mc

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

Multi PERCT process

‣ Fast BBr3 Diffusion (1.5h, 1000 wafer/boat)

‣ Standard etching equipment‣ Standard PECVD equipment

‣ Optional: Laser system for RS opening

Acidic Texturing

Boron Diffusion,Rear Side Passivationand Surface Etching

Phosphorus Diffusion, PSG Etch,and Front Side SiNx-Deposition

optional: Contact Opening

Standardor Bifacial (Al-Grid)

Metallization

Additional equipment to a standard production

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

Spectral response of Multi PERCT vs. Standard Al-BSF

‣ Improved quantum efficiency at long wavelengths due to Boron-BSF

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

Low illumination performance

‣ Additional 2%relativeefficiency gain for multi PERCT cells at low illumination levels

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

Multi PERCT results in customer pilot line

+Δ 0.6%

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

+Δ 12 mV

Multi PERCT results in customer pilot line

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

Latest Module certification result for SNEC

‣ Average cell efficiency: 18.0%‣ 60 cells module 260.2W‣ Reference: Al BSF 252W

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

Bifacial Multi PERCT Solar Cells

Diffused and scatterd sunlight from ground

Glass-glass PV module in ground mounted PV system

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

Bifi PERCT result

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

Cost of Ownership Considerations(wafer+cell processing)

* Assumptions: • AlBSF 17.5%, • Monofacial PERCT Delta = 0.7%abs

• Bifacial PERCT Delta = 0.5%abs + 1%abs bifacialbenefit (0.1 suns * 10% rear side efficiency, veryconservative)

‣ Best CoO with bifacial and Aluminium grid‣ Further benefit on Module level !

RCT Solutions GmbH – The Turnkey Company May 2014

Thank you for your attention!

RCT Solutions GmbHTurmstraße 2078467 KonstanzGERMANY