9 10 11 12 13...a comparison of school attendance of girls 9-13 from the richest and poorest...

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Tanzania: Age distribution and school attendance of girls aged 9-13 years

UNESCO Institute for Statistics

7 January 2013 1. Introduction This document provides an overview of the pattern of school attendance of girls 9-13 years old in

Tanzania, based on data collected with a Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in 2010. Results are

presented for the total population of girls aged 9-13, as well as by household location (urban and rural)

and wealth quintile. Survey data on school attendance are combined with population estimates by the UN

Population Division (UNPD 2011) to arrive at estimates of the total number of girls between 9 and 13

years in and out of school in Tanzania.

Section 2 summarizes the national education system of Tanzania. Section 3 describes the sources and

limitations of the data used in the subsequent analysis. Section 4 provides estimates of the number of

girls between 9 and 13 years in Tanzania between 2000 and 2015. Section 5 provides information from

household surveys to measure education coverage for the target age group.

Section 6 delves into the school attendance patterns of 9- to 13-year-old girls by education level and

grade. It addresses the question of equity by comparing the school attendance rates of girls from urban,

rural, rich and poor households. Section 7 looks at school participation from a complementary angle and

examines the age distribution of girls in primary and secondary education by grade. This analysis also

presents disparities by household location and wealth. Lastly, Section 8 presents summary tables with

data on school attendance by age and grade for ages 5-24.

2. National education system

The national education system in Tanzania is divided into the following levels of education: primary

education, as defined by the country, begins at age 7 and has a duration of 7 years. The entry age of

lower secondary education is 14 years, and it lasts 4 years. Upper secondary education begins at 18

years old and has a duration of 2 years. Tertiary or post-secondary education begins at age 20.

The tables and graphs in this document present data on school attendance according to the levels and

grades of education as classified by the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 1997

(UNESCO 2006). In the case of Tanzania, the ISCED classification is the same as the national education

system described above. Table 3.1 presents the theoretical grade and level of education for 9- to 13-year-

olds, according to both classifications. The actual age of students in these grades may differ substantially,

please see Section 7.2 to 7.6.

Table 2.1 Intended education level and grade for children aged 9-13 years, Tanzania, 2010

9 10 11 12 13

Education system (National definition)

Primary grade 3

Primary grade 4

Primary grade 5

Primary grade 6

Primary grade 7

Education system (ISCED)

Primary grade 3

Primary grade 4

Primary grade 5

Primary grade 6

Primary grade 7

Source: Country approved ISCED mappings, (UIS 2012).

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3. Sources and limitations of data on population and education

3.1 Population data

The number of girls by age in Tanzania was obtained from the 2010 revision of the World Population

Prospects by the United Nations Population Division (UNPD 2011b). UNPD generates population

estimates by single year of age from data collected in national censuses. The population estimates for

Tanzania are designed to be consistent with the latest available census: the 2002 Census (UNPD 2011a).

3.2 Administrative data on enrolment

98% of girls of primary school age (2008) and 36% of girls of lower secondary age (2006) were enrolled

in school according to the latest available UIS data based on administrative records. Data on enrolment

were obtained from the database of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), which collects education

statistics from national statistical authorities in an annual survey. The UIS updates its database three

times per year, in January, May and October. The enrolment data for Tanzania in this report are from the

October 2012 data release of the UIS.

3.3 Household survey data on attendance

The source of the school attendance data in this report is the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS)

2010. Household survey data have certain limitations. The DHS 2010 is based on a nationally

representative sample of the population (sample size: 9,623 households with 46,454 individuals),

designed to be representative for urban, rural Mainland areas and Zanzibar (National Bureau of Statistics

(NBS) [Tanzania] and ICF Macro, 2011). The results of the survey are subject to sampling errors (due to

the sample design) and non-sampling errors (for example errors introduced during data processing).

Because the DHS covers households, some groups may be under- or not represented, such as refugee,

migrant or homeless populations.

The number of girls aged 9-13 years in the DHS 2010 survey sample is 3,659. Table 3.1 displays the

distribution of the target population in the sample by household location and wealth. It also provides the

number of cases upon which the subsequent analysis is based. Because the DHS is a sample survey, the

following distribution should be considered an approximate, but not an exact, distribution of the target

population in Tanzania.

Table 3.1 Distribution of girls 9-13 years in survey sample, Tanzania DHS 2010

Urban

(%)

Rural

(%)

Poorest quintile

(%)

Second poorest quintile

(%)

Middle quintile

(%)

Second richest quintile

(%)

Richest quintile

(%)

Total

(%)

Sample size

Girls 9-13 years

22.1 77.9 17.7 22.5 21.8 20.3 17.7 100.0 3,659

Source: Tanzania DHS 2010.

3.4 Limitations of age data

Reported age data may also be erroneous because children may lack birth certificates or because the

survey respondent may not know the exact age of all household members. Age data may thus exhibit

heaping, typical around ages ending in 0 and 5. In the case of the Tanzania DHS 2010, the age

distribution of women in the survey data is a close match with the age distribution in population estimates

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by the UN Population Division for the same year (Figure 3.1). Age heaping in the total female survey

sample is evident, mainly for women 20 years and older. In the sample of girls 5-17, age heaping cannot

be observed (Figure 3.2).

Furthermore, survey programmes such as the Demographic and Health Survey and Multiple Indicator

Cluster Survey are not designed primarily for the collection of education data. As a result there is often a

gap between the beginning of the school year and the survey collection period. At the time of the survey

children can thus be many months older than they were at the beginning of the school year. Where the

gap is 6 months or greater, the UIS adjusts the age data backwards by one year (age – 1) to minimize the

age/grade discrepancy. In the case of the Tanzania DHS 2010, this age adjustment was not applied, as

the gap is 0-5 months. Data collection began on 18 December, two weeks before the beginning of the

school year. It was decided not to adjust the data, as the academic reference year was not specified in

the questionnaire, and 90% of the sample was collected between January and May, during the beginning

of the 2010 school year.

Survey question on current school attendance: Is (NAME) currently attending school?

Start month of the academic year: January (No academic year specified, assumed to be 2010)

Survey collection period: December 2009 – May 2010

Figure 3.1 Age distribution in female sample of Tanzania DHS 2010, by single year of age,

compared with female age distribution in UN Population Division data for 2010

0

1

2

3

4

Perc

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tion

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Age (years)

UN Population Division DHS

Sources: UNPD World Population Prospects 2010, Tanzania DHS 2010.

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Figure 3.2 Age distribution in sample of girls 5-17 years in Tanzania DHS 2010, by single year of

age

0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

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op

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tion

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17Age (years)


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4. Population estimates

Table 4.1 presents UN Population Division estimates of the number of girls aged 9-13 and 9-15 years in

Tanzania between 2010 and 2015. In 2012, the number of girls 9-13 years old was estimated at 3.0

million. This number has increased since the beginning of the decade and is projected to continue to grow

between 2012 and 2015. Population estimates in the remaining section of this report are for the year

2012.

Table 4.1 Tanzania: Female population 9-15 years (1000), by single year of age, 2010-2015

Year 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9-13 9-15

2010 603.5 581.4 560.3 541.3 524.9 510.5 496.7 2,811.4 3,818.6

2011 625.1 601.9 579.9 558.8 539.7 523.4 509.0 2,905.4 3,937.8

2012 647.6 623.4 600.3 578.4 557.2 538.2 521.9 3,006.9 4,067.0

2013 670.5 645.7 621.7 598.7 576.8 555.7 536.7 3,113.5 4,205.9

2014 693.7 668.3 643.8 620.0 597.1 575.3 554.1 3,223.0 4,352.4

2015 716.9 691.0 666.1 641.9 618.3 595.5 573.7 3,334.4 4,503.6

Source: UNPD 2011.

5. Coverage: Which share of the target population attends school?

Table 5.1 explores the basic issue of coverage of the target population of girls 9-13 years. Household

survey estimates show the attendance rate to range from 82.0% to 91.7%, with the highest attendance

rate observed at age 10 and the lowest at age 13.

Table 5.1 Tanzania: Percentage of 9- to 13-year-old girls in school, by single year of age, 2010

9 10 11 12 13

Age-specific attendance rate 85.8 91.7 89.8 89.9 82.0


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6. Equity: Which girls aged 9-13 years are most likely to be in and out of school?

6.1 Summary

Based on findings of a DHS, 12.2% of all girls 9-13 were out of school in Tanzania in 2010. 0.5% of the

girls in this age group attended pre-primary education, 84.9% primary education, and 1.7% secondary

education (see Table 6.1 and Figure 6.1).

The patterns of school attendance of girls 9-13 in urban and rural areas were similar in 2010. The out-of-

school rate was 9.3% in urban areas and 13.1% in rural areas. 85.7% of urban girls attended primary

education and 4.7% secondary education. Among rural girls, 84.6% attended primary education and 0.9%

secondary education.

A comparison of school attendance of girls 9-13 from the richest and poorest household quintiles reveals

large disparities. 6.7% or girls from the richest quintile and 21.0% of girls from the poorest quintile were

out of school in 2010. In the richest quintile, 86.5% attended primary education and 6.5% secondary

education. In the poorest quintile, 76.5% were in primary education and 0.2% in secondary education.

Table 6.1 Tanzania: School attendance by level of education (%), girls 9-13 years, 2010

Group Total Urban Rural Richest quintile

Poorest quintile

Pre-primary education 0.5 0.7 1.9

Primary education 84.9 85.7 84.6 86.5 76.5

Secondary education 1.7 4.7 0.9 6.5 0.2

Out of school 12.2 9.3 13.1 6.7 21.0

No data 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Analysis of school attendance by grade shows that the largest percentage of girls 9-13 could be found in

primary grade 4 (19.7%), primary grade 5 (16.8%), and primary grade 3 (15.9%) (see Table 6.2 and

Figure 6.1). In urban areas, the grade attended by the largest percentage of girls was primary grade 5

(20.0%); in rural areas it was primary grade 4 (19.7%). There was a large difference in the pattern of

school attendance by grade between girls from the richest and poorest household quintile in Tanzania.

Among girls from the richest quintile in school, the most common grade was primary grade 4 (19.5%).

Among girls from the poorest quintile in school, the most common grade was primary grade 3 (17.3%).

Tables 6.3 to 6.7 and Figures 6.2 to 6.6 offer more data on school attendance by age, level and grade of

5- to 17-year-old girls in Tanzania. Section 8 provides summary tables of school attendance for the age

range 5-24.

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Table 6.2 Tanzania: School attendance by level of education and grade (%), girls 9-13 years, 2010

Group Total Urban Rural Richest quintile

Poorest quintile

Pre-primary education 0.5 0.7 1.9

Primary education

Grade 1 2.0 0.6 2.4 1.1 4.0

Grade 2 7.3 4.1 8.3 4.3 8.7

Grade 3 15.9 13.9 16.4 11.8 17.3

Grade 4 19.7 19.8 19.7 19.5 16.5

Grade 5 16.8 20.0 15.9 17.3 14.3

Grade 6 14.5 14.9 14.4 16.6 10.6

Grade 7 8.6 12.5 7.5 15.9 5.1

Secondary education

Grade 1 1.5 4.4 0.7 5.6 0.2

Grade 2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.9

Grade 3 0.0 0.0

Grade 4

Grade 5

Grade 6

Out of school 12.2 9.3 13.1 6.7 21.0

No data 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 6.1: School attendance by level and grade, girls 9-13 years, Tanzania 2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

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t

Total Urban Rural Richest quintile Poorest quintile


Pre-primaryeducation

Primaryeducation

Secondaryeducation

Tertiaryeducation

Out ofschool

Nodata

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6.2 All girls

Table 6.3 Tanzania: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), all girls 5-17 years, 2010

Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17

Pre-primary education 17.8 1.2 1.2 0.2

Primary education

Grade 1 17.2 5.3 2.5 1.3 0.2 0.3 0.1

Grade 2 17.2 20.2 9.7 2.5 2.1 0.4

Grade 3 6.8 33.2 24.5 10.8 7.2 0.9 0.0

Grade 4 1.0 21.7 32.4 26.9 12.1 5.3 0.5

Grade 5 2.9 16.4 29.1 23.0 15.4 1.9

Grade 6 0.1 0.6 4.2 15.3 31.1 23.9 7.8

Grade 7 0.1 0.4 3.2 12.3 27.7 15.1

Secondary education

Grade 1 0.2 0.0 1.1 6.4 7.5

Grade 2 1.0 9.3

Grade 3 0.0 6.0

Grade 4 4.1

Grade 5 0.3

Grade 6 0.1

Tertiary education 0.1

Out of school 39.6 14.2 8.3 10.2 10.1 18.0 46.5

No data 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.6

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 6.2 Tanzania: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), all girls 5-17 years, 2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

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5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)



Primaryeducation

Secondaryeducation

Tertiaryeducation

Out ofschool

Nodata

9

6.3 Girls in urban households

Table 6.4 Tanzania: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), urban girls 5-17 years, 2010

Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17

Pre-primary education 24.0

Primary education

Grade 1 18.3 1.8 0.1 1.0

Grade 2 25.9 13.0 5.2

Grade 3 11.9 35.1 18.1 5.4 6.2 0.5

Grade 4 1.9 32.1 36.0 22.6 5.3 2.1

Grade 5 8.4 28.7 38.1 22.1 9.9 1.6

Grade 6 1.8 9.9 23.8 32.4 13.5 3.4

Grade 7 5.8 20.9 34.5 8.4

Secondary education

Grade 1 4.8 15.1 11.7

Grade 2 1.6 16.2

Grade 3 11.8

Grade 4 9.8

Grade 5 1.0

Grade 6 0.5

Tertiary education

Out of school 17.6 7.1 2.0 3.3 8.3 22.7 35.0

No data 0.4 0.8 0.7

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 6.3 Tanzania: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), urban girls 5-17 years, 2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

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5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)



Primaryeducation

Secondaryeducation

Tertiaryeducation

Out ofschool

Nodata

10

6.4 Girls in rural households

Table 6.5 Tanzania: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), rural girls 5-17 years, 2010

Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17


Primary education

Grade 1 16.9 6.4 3.1 1.4 0.3 0.5 0.1

Grade 2 15.3 22.5 10.9 3.1 2.6 0.5

Grade 3 5.7 32.6 26.2 12.2 7.4 1.0 0.1

Grade 4 0.8 18.4 31.4 28.0 13.7 6.4 0.7

Grade 5 1.2 13.1 26.8 23.3 17.2 2.1

Grade 6 0.1 0.3 2.7 13.1 30.8 27.4 9.4

Grade 7 0.1 0.5 2.5 10.3 25.4 17.6

Secondary education

Grade 1 0.2 0.0 0.2 3.3 6.0

Grade 2 0.7 6.7

Grade 3 0.0 3.9

Grade 4 2.0

Grade 5 0.1

Grade 6

Tertiary education 0.1

Out of school 44.5 16.5 10.0 11.9 10.5 16.4 50.8

No data 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.9 1.1 0.6

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 6.4 Tanzania: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), rural girls 5-17 years, 2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

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5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)



Primaryeducation

Secondaryeducation

Tertiaryeducation

Out ofschool

Nodata

11

6.5 Girls in households from the richest quintile

Table 6.6 Tanzania: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), richest girls 5-17 years, 2010

Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17

Pre-primary education 23.5

Primary education

Grade 1 20.9 2.2 1.6 1.5

Grade 2 23.4 14.5 3.7

Grade 3 14.9 32.6 12.2 3.8 4.4

Grade 4 2.6 34.7 35.4 21.3 3.3 1.7

Grade 5 9.1 33.0 30.9 16.7 5.3 0.6

Grade 6 1.1 12.5 32.1 34.1 13.9 2.7

Grade 7 10.1 25.7 41.9 5.7

Secondary education

Grade 1 0.1 6.4 18.5 11.0

Grade 2 3.9 17.6

Grade 3 13.9

Grade 4 11.0

Grade 5 1.1

Grade 6 0.5

Tertiary education

Out of school 14.2 5.2 1.6 0.3 8.6 14.9 35.2

No data 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.6

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 6.5 Tanzania: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), richest girls 5-17 years, 2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

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5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)



Primaryeducation

Secondaryeducation

Tertiaryeducation

Out ofschool

Nodata

12

6.6 Girls in households from the poorest quintile

Table 6.7 Tanzania: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), poorest girls 5-17 years, 2010

Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17


Primary education

Grade 1 14.4 10.3 3.3 5.4 1.2

Grade 2 10.0 22.9 12.3 3.1 1.7 1.8

Grade 3 4.0 29.1 25.0 19.7 11.6 0.4

Grade 4 0.2 9.0 28.1 18.3 15.1 11.5 1.0

Grade 5 0.8 6.7 24.7 25.5 16.5 1.6

Grade 6 2.8 4.5 20.2 25.9 12.9

Grade 7 4.8 20.4 18.8

Secondary education

Grade 1 1.0 4.4

Grade 2 2.7

Grade 3 0.3

Grade 4 0.4

Grade 5

Grade 6

Tertiary education

Out of school 57.4 23.5 16.7 23.0 20.0 22.3 57.7

No data 0.3 0.6 1.1 0.3

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 6.6 Tanzania: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), poorest girls 5-17 years, 2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

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5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)



Primaryeducation

Secondaryeducation

Tertiaryeducation

Out ofschool

Nodata

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7. Location: Which education levels and grades do girls aged 9-13 attend?

7.1 Summary

As seen in Table 2.1, according to the national education system, children aged 9-13 should be in grades

3-7 of primary education. Based on findings of a DHS conducted in Tanzania in 2010, the grades girls 9-

13 attend are quite similar to the theoretical grades for their age. The grades with the highest shares of

the target group are 3, 4, 5 and 6 of primary education; more than 50% of the female students attending

those grades are 9-13 years old. Primary grade 4 has the highest share of 9-13 year old students (94%),

followed by grade 5 (93%) and grade 6 (74%).

The age-grade attendance patterns in urban and rural areas were different. Due to late entry into school,

repetition or temporary dropout, female students in rural areas aged 9-13 are more likely to attend lower

primary grades than their peers in urban areas. The data show that in urban areas, the grade with the

highest share (94%) of 9-13 year old female students is in grade 5, and in rural areas the highest share

(94%) is in grade 4.

A comparison of female students from the richest and poorest household quintiles in Tanzania reveals

large disparities in the grades they attend. Female students aged 9-13 from the richest households are

most likely to attend grades 5 (97%), 4 (92%) and 6 (88%). In contrast, female students from the poorest

households are most likely to be in grades 4 (96%) and 5 (94%).

Table 7.1 Tanzania: Percentage of female students in each grade who are 9-13 years old, 2010

Primary Education (ISCED 1) Secondary Education (ISCED 2 and 3)

Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 6 Gr 7 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 6

Total 12.3 33.6 73.2 94.1 92.9 74.6 47.3 23.6 3.1 0.1

Urban 4.5 18.5 62.5 92.9 94.4 85.6 66.7 31.7 3.0

Rural 13.9 37.9 76.3 94.4 92.4 71.9 41.6 16.6 3.1 0.1

Richest quintile 6.9 21.2 53.5 91.5 97.0 88.3 77.3 36.5 5.7

Poorest quintile 21.7 46 80.8 95.5 94.4 60.4 33.4 7.9


Tables 7.2 to 7.6 and Figures 7.1 to 7.5 offer more data on the age of female students in Tanzania by

level and grade.

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7.2 All girls

Table 7.2 Tanzania: Age by education level and grade attended (%), all girls, 2010


Age Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 6 Gr 7 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 6

5-8 87.5 66.4 26.6 4.1 0.2 0.3

9 6.9 20.0 33.3 22.4 3.5 0.7

10 3.2 9.4 24.0 32.7 19.2 4.5 0.4 0.6 0.1

11 1.4 2.0 8.8 22.8 28.6 13.9 3.1 0.0

12 0.3 1.8 6.3 11.0 24.3 30.4 12.9 3.2

13 0.4 0.3 0.8 5.1 17.3 25.0 30.9 19.8 3.1

14-17 0.3 0.1 1.6 6.6 24.6 50.8 70.5 87.7 69.0 40.2 14.7 15.6

18-24 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.6 1.5 5.9 9.3 30.9 59.8 85.3 84.4

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 7.1 Tanzania: Age by education level and grade attended (%), all girls, 2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

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Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6

Primary Secondary

Source: United Republic of Tanzania DHS 2010.

Ages5-8

Age 9 Age 10 Age 11 Age 12 Age 13Ages14-17

Ages18-24

15

7.3 Girls in urban households

Table 7.3 Tanzania: Age by education level and grade attended (%), urban girls, 2010



5-8 95.5 81.5 37.3 6.3

9 3.1 13.7 36.9 35.1 9.2 2.5

10 0.1 4.7 16.4 33.9 27.3 11.4

11 1.3 4.0 17.4 29.5 22.4 5.0

12 4.6 4.1 17.4 31.0 18.5 5.8

13 0.6 2.3 11.0 18.3 43.1 25.9 3.0

14-17 5.6 14.4 33.3 63.3 92.6 71.1 55.1 15.9 17.0

18-24 0.3 0.8 5.0 4.4 28.9 44.9 84.1 83.0

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 7.2 Tanzania: Age by education level and grade attended (%), urban girls, 2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

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Primary Secondary


Ages5-8


Ages18-24

16

7.4 Girls in rural households

Table 7.4 Tanzania: Age by education level and grade attended (%), rural girls, 2010



5-8 85.8 62.1 23.5 3.5 0.3 0.4

9 7.8 21.8 32.2 18.8 1.5 0.3

10 3.9 10.7 26.2 32.4 16.4 2.9 0.6 1.1 0.1

11 1.5 2.6 10.3 24.3 28.2 11.8 2.5 0.1

12 0.3 2.3 6.8 13.0 26.7 30.3 11.2 0.8

13 0.5 0.4 0.9 6.0 19.5 26.7 27.3 14.5 3.1

14-17 0.3 0.1 2.1 6.9 27.1 56.0 76.8 83.7 66.9 26.9 10.4

18-24 0.6 0.7 1.9 6.6 13.1 32.9 73.1 89.6 100.0

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 7.3 Tanzania: Age by education level and grade attended (%), rural girls, 2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

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Primary Secondary


Ages5-8


Ages18-24

17

7.5 Girls in households from the richest quintile

Table 7.5 Tanzania: Age by education level and grade attended (%), richest girls, 2010



5-8 93.1 78.8 46.2 8.5

9 3.5 17.7 36.8 40.7 12.8 1.4

10 1.9 3.5 10.6 31.9 35.6 12.7

11 1.4 2.5 14.3 24.9 24.4 7.0 0.1

12 3.6 2.8 16.7 32.3 22.2 7.5

13 1.8 7.1 17.5 48.1 28.9 5.7

14-17 3.0 11.7 22.7 59.6 89.2 77.1 56.3 14.6 16.2

18-24 0.3 3.9 5.0 22.9 43.7 85.4 83.8

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 7.4 Tanzania: Age by education level and grade attended (%), richest girls, 2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

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Primary Secondary


Ages5-8


Ages18-24

18

7.6 Girls in households from the poorest quintile

Table 7.6 Tanzania: Age by education level and grade attended (%), poorest girls, 2010



5-8 78.3 54.0 19.2 1.3

9 11.4 25.1 28.1 10.8 1.1

10 3.9 14.3 25.6 35.5 9.6 3.5 7.9

11 5.1 2.9 16.2 18.6 28.6 4.5

12 1.7 10.5 16.8 32.4 22.0 6.0

13 1.3 2.0 0.4 13.7 22.6 30.4 27.4

14-17 3.2 5.6 39.6 66.0 84.0 95.2 18.1 34.7

18-24 0.5 8.1 4.8 81.9 65.3

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0 0


Figure 7.5 Tanzania: Age by education level and grade attended (%), poorest girls, 2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

t


Primary Secondary


Ages5-8


Ages18-24

19

8. School attendance by age and grade Table 8.1 summarizes school attendance by age grade as a percentage of the female population between 5 and 24 years of age in Tanzania, based on data from the DHS 2010. It shows the percentage of girls by single year of age who are in and out of school. Table 8.1 Tanzania: School attendance by age and grade (% of population of single year of age), female population, 2010

Age (years)

Pre-primary

ed.

Primary education Secondary education Tertiary

ed. Out of school

No data Total (%)

Total (n)

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Grade 4

Grade 5

Grade 6

Grade 7

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Grade 4

Grade 5

Grade 6

5 29.4 5.4 0.4 0.4 64.3 100.0 862

6 25.4 23.0 5.6 0.5 45.2 0.3 100.0 744

7 9.2 28.1 30.5 5.6 1.1 0.3 25.1 0.2 100.0 774

8 4.4 12.6 36.2 23.7 3.5 0.2 18.8 0.5 100.0 685

9 1.2 5.3 20.2 33.2 21.7 2.9 0.6 14.2 0.7 100.0 779

10 1.2 2.5 9.7 24.5 32.4 16.4 4.2 0.4 0.2 0.0 8.3 0.3 100.0 795

11 0.2 1.3 2.5 10.8 26.9 29.1 15.3 3.2 0.0 0.1 10.2 0.3 100.0 636

12 0.2 2.1 7.2 12.1 23.0 31.1 12.3 1.1 10.1 0.8 100.0 694

13 0.3 0.4 0.9 5.3 15.4 23.9 27.7 6.4 1.0 18.0 0.9 100.0 755

14 1.8 4.4 15.8 27.2 10.1 5.9 0.4 33.5 0.9 100.0 638

15 0.2 0.1 1.3 8.7 18.8 10.4 11.7 4.1 0.6 43.5 0.5 100.0 546

16 0.0 1.3 3.3 9.0 4.9 12.7 10.3 3.8 0.0 0.5 53.7 0.4 100.0 561

17 0.3 1.2 1.9 3.9 7.2 10.8 13.6 1.3 59.1 0.7 100.0 519

18 0.9 1.1 0.9 3.1 6.7 13.5 1.5 71.0 1.3 100.0 460

19 0.0 0.9 0.8 1.8 4.8 9.7 0.7 0.6 0.3 78.1 2.3 100.0 454

20 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 5.3 2.0 1.2 0.2 87.5 3.0 100.0 510

21 0.1 0.3 0.1 1.6 1.3 2.7 0.5 0.2 91.8 1.4 100.0 400

22 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.1 1.5 93.0 3.4 100.0 403

23 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.7 0.6 89.2 7.4 100.0 380

24 0.8 0.2 0.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 91.4 5.7 100.0 396

Source: Tanzania DHS 2010. Note: n = number of observations in survey data (female population 5-24 years per single year of age).

20

Table 8.2 summarizes school attendance by age and grade for the female population between 5 and 24 years of age in Tanzania, based on data from the DHS 2010. It shows the age distribution of girls in each category of education status. Table 8.2 Tanzania: School attendance by age and grade (% of education status category), female population, 2010

Age (years)

Pre-primary

Prim gr 1

Prim gr 2

Prim gr 3

Prim gr 4

Prim gr 5

Prim gr 6

Prim gr 7

Sec gr 1 Sec gr 2 Sec gr 3 Sec gr 4 Sec gr 5 Sec gr 6 Tertiary Out of school

No data

5 44.5 7.6 0.5 0.4 10.5

6 34.0 28.9 5.4 0.5 6.5 1.5

7 12.9 37.0 30.3 5.6 1.1 0.3 3.8 0.9

8 5.2 13.9 30.3 20.1 3.0 0.2 2.4 2.3

9 1.6 6.9 20.0 33.3 22.4 3.5 0.7 2.1 4.0

10 1.6 3.2 9.4 24.0 32.7 19.2 4.5 0.4 0.6 0.1 1.2 1.4

11 0.2 1.4 2.0 8.8 22.8 28.6 13.9 3.1 0.0 4.3 1.3 1.5

12 0.3 1.8 6.3 11.0 24.3 30.4 12.9 3.2 1.3 3.7

13 0.4 0.3 0.8 5.1 17.3 25.0 30.9 19.8 3.1 2.5 4.4

14 1.5 4.4 14.6 26.8 27.8 16.3 1.5 4.2 3.9

15 0.1 0.1 1.1 6.6 15.1 23.3 26.5 11.3 1.4 4.4 2.0

16 0.0 1.1 2.6 7.5 11.4 29.7 29.1 9.3 0.5 15.6 5.7 1.4

17 0.3 0.8 1.4 8.0 15.1 27.2 29.5 14.2 5.6 2.4

18 0.5 0.7 1.8 5.9 15.5 26.8 15.0 6.1 3.9

19 0.0 0.6 1.3 3.1 10.0 17.7 6.1 14.1 9.8 6.1 6.6

20 0.0 0.1 0.6 1.1 11.3 21.4 31.6 6.2 8.1 10.1

21 0.1 0.5 0.2 3.3 2.4 24.2 10.4 4.8 7.2 4.0

22 1.1 0.6 1.0 3.6 1.8 39.5 6.9 9.2

23 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.3 0.6 8.6 17.1 16.3 7.1 21.4

24 0.5 0.1 0.0 6.4 9.5 19.0 6.9 15.7

Total (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Total (n)

544

592

790

782

771

666

733

676

298

283

245

280

68

18

19

5,090

136

Source: Tanzania DHS 2010 Notes: n = number of observations in survey data (female population 5-24 years in each grade or level of education).

21

Table 8.3 summarizes school attendance by age and grade in absolute numbers. For this analysis, school attendance rates from the DHS 2010 were applied to UNDP population estimates for Tanzania for the year 2012. This assumes that attendance rates in 2012 are the same as in the most recent year with household survey data. Table 8.3 Tanzania: School attendance by age and grade (1,000), female population, 2012

Age (years)

Pre-primary

ed.

Primary education Secondary education Tertiary

ed. Out of school

No data Total Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6

5 222.1 40.6 3.4 3.1 485.5 754.6

6 184.3 166.9 40.9 3.6 328.5 2.0 726.3

7 64.4 196.6 213.0 39.2 7.5 2.0 175.1 1.2 698.9

8 29.8 84.7 243.8 159.7 23.3 1.6 126.3 3.4 672.8

9 7.4 34.2 130.8 214.8 140.2 19.0 4.1 92.2 4.7 647.6

10 7.3 15.6 60.4 152.7 201.8 102.2 26.0 2.3 1.2 0.1 52.0 1.7 623.4

11 1.2 8.0 14.8 64.8 161.7 174.9 91.8 19.2 0.1 0.6 61.1 2.0 600.3

12 1.3 12.0 41.7 70.0 133.2 179.8 71.4 6.3 58.3 4.4 578.4

13 1.9 2.0 4.9 29.5 85.6 133.0 154.2 35.4 5.4 100.3 4.7 557.2

14 9.5 23.9 85.1 146.4 54.6 31.7 2.4 180.1 4.6 538.2

15 0.9 0.6 6.9 45.6 97.9 54.4 61.1 21.6 3.1 227.0 2.8 521.9

16 0.1 6.7 17.0 45.9 24.8 64.3 52.1 19.3 0.2 2.6 272.7 1.8 507.6

17 1.6 5.7 9.5 19.1 35.8 53.3 67.1 6.5 291.8 3.4 493.9

18 4.1 5.2 4.5 14.8 32.4 64.8 7.3 341.6 6.0 480.8

19 0.1 4.2 3.6 8.4 22.3 45.7 3.2 2.9 1.6 365.7 10.8 468.4

20 0.1 0.5 1.4 2.0 24.1 9.2 5.3 0.9 399.1 13.8 456.4

21 0.5 1.2 0.6 7.0 5.9 12.0 2.0 0.8 408.2 6.3 444.6

22 2.9 1.4 2.4 1.9 0.4 6.5 403.1 14.8 433.3

23 1.4 1.4 0.1 0.6 1.4 4.0 3.1 2.4 376.9 31.3 422.5

24 3.3 0.7 0.1 3.0 1.8 2.9 375.7 23.6 411.0

Total 516.6 551.5 721.2 686.0 645.6 555.7 594.0 559.5 210.9 222.2 195.3 233.8 47.4 17.9 15.6 5,121.4 143.3 11038.1

Sources: Attendance rates: Tanzania DHS 2010. Population estimates: UNPD World Population Prospects 2010.

22

9. References

National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) [Tanzania] and ICF Macro. 2011. Tanzania Demographic and Health

Survey 2010. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: NBS and ICF Macro.

UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). 2012. “ISCED 1997 Mappings”. Montreal: UIS.

http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/ISCEDMappings/Pages/default.aspx.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). 2006. ISCED 1997:

International Standard Classification of Education. Montreal: UNESCO Institute for Statistics.

United Nations Population Division. 2011a. “Data Sources. File 0-2: Latest Data Sources Used to Derive

Estimates for Total Population: World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision”. New York:

UNPD. http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/unpp/panel_population.htm.

———. 2011b. World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision. New York: UNPD.

9 10 11 12 13...a comparison of school attendance of girls 9-13 from the richest and poorest...

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