8s-1the transportation model william j. stevenson operations management 8 th edition
TRANSCRIPT
8s-2 The Transportation Model
CHAPTER8s
The Transportation Model
McGraw-Hill/IrwinOperations Management, Eighth Edition, by William J. StevensonCopyright © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights
reserved.
8s-3 The Transportation ModelRequirements for Transportation Requirements for Transportation ModelModel
List of origins and each one’s capacity
List of destinations and each one’s demand
Unit cost of shipping
Note: The DVD that accompanies this bookcontains a module that provides detailedinstruction on the transportation model
8s-4 The Transportation Model
Transportation Model AssumptionsTransportation Model Assumptions
1. Items to be shipped are homogeneous
2. Shipping cost per unit is the same
3. Only one route between origin and destination
8s-5 The Transportation Model
The Transportation ProblemThe Transportation Problem
D(demand)
D(demand)
D(demand)
D(demand)
S(supply)
S(supply)
S(supply)
Figure 8S.1
8s-6 The Transportation Model
A Transportation TableA Transportation Table
Warehouse
4 7 7 1100
12 3 8 8200
8 10 16 5150
450
45080 90 120 160
A B C D
1
2
3
Factory Factory 1can supply 100units per period
Total supplycapacity perperiod
Total demandper period
Demand
Warehouse B can use 90 units per period
Table 8S.1
8s-7 The Transportation Model
Special ProblemsSpecial Problems
Unequal supply and demand
Dummy: Imaginary number added equal to the difference between supply and demand when these are unequal
Degeneracy: The condition of too few completed cells to allow all necessary paths to be constructed
8s-8 The Transportation Model
Summary of ProcedureSummary of Procedure
Make certain that supply and demand are equal
Develop an initial solution using intuitive, low-cost approach
Check that completed cells = R+C-1
Evaluate each empty cell
Repeat until all cells are zero or positive
8s-10 The Transportation Model
Additional PowerPoint slides contributed by Geoff Willis, University of Central Oklahoma.
CHAPTER8s
8s-11 The Transportation Model
ANALYSESANALYSES
Transportation ModelTransportation Model minimizes transportation costs using LPminimizes transportation costs using LP
Center of gravity & simple median modelsCenter of gravity & simple median models minimizes transportation costs using geometryminimizes transportation costs using geometry