8.1 the rock cycle 7.4.a students know earth processes today are similar to those that occurred in...
TRANSCRIPT
8.1The Rock
Cycle
7.4.a Students know Earth processes today are similar to those that occurred in the past and slow geologic processes have large cumulative effects over long periods of time.7.4.c Students know that the rock cycle includes the formation of new sediment and rocks and that rocks are often found in layers, with the oldest generally on the bottom.
Hutton’s Big Idea
• Geology- the study of the structure of planet Earth and the forces that make and shape Earth
• Erosion- happens when running water, ice, or wind break down rocks and carry the pieces away
• Hutton’s idea is called uniformitarianism• Key concept-The principal of uniformitarianism
states that the geologic processes that operate today also operated in the past.
• Most geologic processes happen very slowly
Types of Rocks• Key concept- Geologists classify rocks
into three main groups- igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
• Igneous- forms when molten material from beneath Earth’s surface cools and hardens (it can form on or below the Earth’s surface)
• Sedimentary- made of sediments that have been deposited and then pressed together
• Metamorphic- forms when an existing rock is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions (most form under pressure deep underground)
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
The Rock Cycle• Key concept: Forces inside Earth and at the surface produce a
cycle that builds, changes, and destroys rocks.
• Rocks change continuously through the rock cycle.
Rock cycle- a series of processes on and beneath Earth’s surface that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another
The Rock Cycle• Erosion- the wearing away of rocks and other deposits
by the action of water, ice, wind, etc.
Rocks and the Rock Cycle• Magma- molten material beneath Earth’s surface• Lava- when magma flows on the surface