8.1

8 Cross-Connections

8.2

8 Cross-ConnectionsSession presentation

Objective: to be able to create and manage the Cross-Connections in the SDH equipment

program:

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Creation & Management

8.3 SNCP

8.4 Loopback

8.3

8.1 IntroductionMatrix role

A not-blocking matrix can interconnect all the afferent SDH and PDH signals with any other SDH and PDH port.

All ports are connected to the matrix in the same way, without any difference between the port types.

Connections are always performed by the matrix: no direct connection between two ports is allowed.

There is no constraint for the timeslot change for each cross-connection (e.g. AU-4#n of an SDH port can be cross-connected to AU-4#m of another SDH port, with “n” and “m” generic)

Several types of connections may be established, such as: Unidirectional Point to Point, Unidirectional Point to Multipoint, Bidirectional Point to Point, Protected.

AU4-4c, AU4-16c and AU4-64c concatenated signals can also be cross connected between any STM-4, STM-16 and STM-64 ports.

8.4

STM-N AUG AU-4 VC-4 C-4

C-3

C-1

VC-3

VC-2

VC-1

TU-3

TU-2

TU-1

TUG-2

TUG-3

C-2

140 Mbit/s

34 Mbit/s

6.3 Mbit/s

2 Mbit/s

x3

x3

x7

xN x1

x1

x1

= POINTER

= MAPPING

= ALIGNMENT

= MULTIPLEXING

+

C-n

C-nVCn-POH

TU-n

PDH SIGNAL LEVEL-n

STUFFING BITSx JUSTIFICATION

TU-nPOINTER

VC-n

8.1 Introduction SDH-ETSI Multiplexing Structure

8.5

8.1 IntroductionTermination points to cross-connect

STM-1, STM-4, STM-16,STM-64

Ports

140Mbit/sport

34Mbit/s45Mbit/s

ports

2Mbit/sports

PORTS Structure AU-4 TU-3 TU-12 VC-4 VC-3 VC-12

AU-4 Yes - - Yes - -

TU-3 - Yes - - Yes -

STM-1

STM-4

STM-16

STM-64TU-12 - - Yes - - Yes

140Mbit/s

VC-4 Yes - - Yes - -

34Mbit/s45Mbit/s

VC-3 - Yes - - Yes -

2Mbit/s VC-12 - - Yes - - Yes

Matrix can cross-connect:

Lower Order (LO) termination points: VC-12, VC-3, TU-12 and TU-3.

Higher Order (HO) termination points: VC-4 and AU-4.

8.6

8.1 IntroductionMatrix capacity and structure

1640FOX 1650SM-C

1660SM rel 4.3

1660SM rel 5.1

Card that implements the

SDH matrix SYNTH

SYNTH (main and spare)

MATRIXN (main and spare)

MATRIXE (main and spare)

Capacity of HPC 32x32 32x32 96x96 384x384

Capacity of LPC 32x32 32x32 64x64 256x256

STM-N Port

STM-N Port

STM-N Port

STM-N Port

AU4-AU4CXC

VC12

VC3

VC4

VC4AU4

TU-TUCXC

LPC MATRIXHPC MATRIX

AU4-VC4CXC

TU-VCCXC

AU4

2Mbit/s Port

2Mbit/s Port

34/45Mbit/s

Port

34/45Mbit/s

Port

140Mbit/s

Port

140Mbit/s

Port

VC-VCCXC

VC4-VC4CXC

8.7

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Operation sequence

Steps for 2Mbit/s drop/insert(D/I) creation:

Structure the Au4 of the STM port up to the desired Tu12 Open Transmission view and use Terminate TP and Structure TPs commands

Cross-connect the prepared Tu12 with the desired Vc12 of the 2Mbit/s interface Use Create Cross Connections command

8.8

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Add TP in Transmission View

1st- select Transmission

Note: in this example Transmission View is empty.When reached by navigating from another view (e.g. from Port View) Transmission View displays the corresponding objects with the functional symbols

2nd- select Add TP

8.9

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: TP search

4th- Optionally: click Show CC State to check if AU4 is already cross-connected

4th- Optionally: click Show CC State to check if AU4 is already cross-connected

3rd-Click on Search.

1st- Select STM-16 port1st- Select STM-16 port

2nd- Select Au4 in Class filter

6th- Click on OK6th- Click on OK

5th- select the desired AU4 5th- select the desired AU4

8.10

2nd-Select Terminate TP1st- Select the AU4

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Terminate TP

8.11

1st- To expand the tree: double click on the object to get the next object

3rd- Select Tu12

2nd- Select the Tug3

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Structure Tug3

8.12

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Transm. view with Tu12

To expand the tree: double click on the object to get the next object

8.13

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Create Cross Connections

1st- select the Tu12 to cross-connect

2nd- select Create Cross Connections

8.14

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Choose Output

1st- select Bidirectional and Not protected

2nd- Choose the output Termination Point(Vc12)

8.15

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Select Vc12

1st- select the 2Mbit/s Port card(not the Access card A21E1)

4th- Optionally: click Show CC State to check if AU4 is already cross-connected

4th- Optionally: click Show CC State to check if AU4 is already cross-connected

3rd-Click on Search.

2nd- Select Vc12 in Class filter

6th- Click on OK6th- Click on OK

5th- select the desired Vc12 5th- select the desired Vc12

8.16

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Final step

Input Tu12 and Output Vc12 are available

Press OK

8.17

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: results

Termination Points in the PDH PortTermination Points in the matrix

Termination Points in the SDH Port

Port View of A21E1 card

8.18

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Cross Connection Management opening

Select Cross Connection

Management

8.19

8.2 Creation & Management 2Mbit/s D/I: Cross Connection Management result

Lower order cross-connection

Tu12-Vc12

Higher order cross-connection

Au4-Vc4

Press Search

8.20

8.2 Creation & ManagementTu12 Pass Through: creation

1st-Structure the AU4 of one STM Port up to

Tu12

2nd-Structure the AU4 of the other STM Port

up to Tu12

3rd-Select Create Cross Connections

8.21

8.2 Creation & ManagementTu12 Pass Through: Choose Output

1st-Choose

2nd-MATRIX

3rd-Tu12

4th-Search

5th-Tu12

6th-OK7th-OK

8.22

8.2 Creation & ManagementTu12 Pass Through: results

Transmission View

Cross Connections Management

8.23

8.2 Creation & ManagementAu4 Pass Through: Create Cross Connections

Port View of one STM port

8.24

8.2 Creation & ManagementAu4 Pass Through: Choose Output

1st-Choose

2nd-select STM card

3rd-AU4

4th-Search

5th- select Au4P

6th-OK7th-OK

8.25

8.2 Creation & ManagementAu4 Pass Through: Port view

Press OK

Port view

8.26

8.2 Creation & ManagementAu4 Pass Through: Transmission view

First TP

Selected TP

8.27

8.2 Creation & ManagementAu4 Pass Through: Cross Connection Management

Press Search

1st

2nd

8.28

8.2 Creation & Management Multi leg unidirectional Cross-Connection (cnt’d)

A multi-leg connection is a broadcasting connection.

The only particularity different from the other creation is: select the first output Choose click on Add Leg select the second output Choose click on Add Leg .....

8.29

8.2 Creation & Management Split and join Cross-Connections (cnt’d)

2- Press Split

Objective: Split a cross-connection

1- Select, in the Cross Connection Management window, the bidirectional cross-connection to split

8.30

8.2 Creation & Management Split and join Cross-Connections

Objective: Join two cross-connections

2- Press Join

1- Select, in the Cross Connection Management window, the two unidirectional cross-connection to join

8.31

8.3 SNCP Introduction

SNCP (Sub-Network Connection Protection) is a dedicated protection mechanism that can be used to protect a portion of a path (between two NE) or the full end-to-end path.

Each transmitting signal node is permanently connected (bridge) in the main traffic direction (i.e. clockwise) and in the protected traffic direction (i.e. counter clockwise). The Tx signal reaches destination through two different paths, thus enabling the node receiving it to select the best one.

Two types of SNCP are possible:

SNCP/I (Inherent monitoring) that switches on SSF criteria (AU-AIS or AU-LOP for HVC

and TU-LOP or TU-AIS for LVC).

SNCP/N (Non-intrusive monitoring) where POH is monitored by the POM enabled before

the matrix. The switches criteria are SSF and one or more of ExBER, TIM, UNEQ, SD.

Two operating modes can be selected for single VC SNCP:

revertive (the signal is switched back into the working channel, after recovery of the fault)-

In the revertive operation the “Wait time to restore” (WTR) is fixed at 5 min.

not revertive

8.32

BRIDGE

SWITCH

PASS-THROUGH

PASS-THROUGH

PASS-THROUGH

COUNTERCLOCKWISE

CLOCKWISE

NE 2

Side A

Side B

Side A

Side BSide A

Side B

Side A

Side B

Side ASide B

8.3 SNCPScheme

SWITCH

BRIDGE

NE 4

NE 3

NE 5NE 1

8.33

8.3 SNCP Configuration (cnt’d)

Select Protected

Choose the ProtectING Input

Flag here if the protection must be revertive

Select the SNCP type

Hold Off Time

8.34

8.3 SNCPCheck the CxC

Protected cross-connectionProtected cross-connection

8.35

8.3 SNCPProtection commands

Select the protected cross-connection and click on “Protect…” button

Select the protected cross-connection and click on “Protect…” button

8.36

Block Diagram for the Vc12-Au4cross-connection

Pattern Generator

Error Detector

2Mbit/s

Port

LineMATRIX

PortLine

#1

#2

1650SM-C

Port #1

The objective of this exercise is to set up a bidirectional protected cross connection between a 2Mbit/s port and STM-1 ports.

Set up a bidirectional protected cross-connection between the Vc12 of a 2Mbit/s PDH port and two Tu12s of two different STM-4 ports

8.3 SNCP Exercise - SNCP/ I Configuration (cnt’d)

Loop

Loop

8.37

8.3 SNCP Exercise - SNCP/ I Configuration

Cross Connection between 2Mbit/s port and STM-4, in protected configuration (SNCP/I)

The OMSN must be configured with 2 STM-4 and one P63E1 (plus A21E1)

The procedure to setup the cross-connection is described in the following slides (use both slides and notes)

The description is for help only: the logical procedure is described in the Operations section.

8.38

8.3 SNCP Test 1

8.39

8.3 SNCP Test 2

8.40

SPI

RST

Line

SPILine

Signal

Line loop and AIS

Line loop and Continue

Signal generator

Signal generator

AIS

i.e. STM-N port

i.e STM-N port

LINE LOOPBACKLINE LOOPBACK

MST MSP

RSTMSTMSPAIS

8.4 Loopback Line Loopback

The loopbacks can be applied:

at line level;

at internal level.

The loopback commands are used to separate the communication network into independent parts checking the line/equipment functionality during the network installation or maintenance operation

Signal

Signal

8.41

RST SPIMSTMSP

RSTSPI MST MSP

Internal loop and Continue

Line

MA

TR

IX Signal generator

PDH or STM-N port

Internal loop and AIS

Line

Signal generator

MA

TR

IX

INTERNAL LOOPBACKINTERNAL LOOPBACK

AIS

8.4 Loopback Internal Loopback

i.e. STM-N port

i.e. STM-N portPDH or STM-N port

Signal

Signal

Signal

8.42

8.4 Loopback Configuration

TP involved in the loopback

8.43

8.4 Loopback Management (cnt’d)

TRANSMISSION VIEW

PORT VIEW