MOVEMENT IN PLANT

• Based on its stimulus, the movements in plant are grouped into three :

1. HYGROSCOPIC MOVEMENT

2. ENDOGENOUS MOVEMENT

3. EXOGENOUS MOVEMENT /ETIONOM

HYGROSCOPIC MOVEMENT

• Is movement of part of plant that is caused by the influence of the change of water level from its cells so happens non-homogenous wrinkling

• Example the breaking of dried Calanchoe pinnata fruit (pacar air) the opening of sporangium in fern as the cause of wrinkling annulus cells

ANULUS

The opening of sporangium of moss as the cause of the wrinkling peristome cells

ENDOGENOUS MOVEMENT(autonomic)

• Is movement that is not known yet its cause certainly but predicted this motion is caused by stimulus that comes from the body of plant itself.

• Examplesthe flowing movement of cytoplasm in

cellthe bending movement of leaf bid

because of difference of growth velocity

EXOGENOUS MOVEMENT(etionom/esionom)

• Is plant movement that it is caused by external stimulus

• External stimulus such as : Light, gravity, water, touch, and chemical substance

The various kinds of exogenous movements

in plants

1. Tropism movement2. Nastic movement3. Taxis movement

TROPISM MOVEMENT

• Is movement of part of plant to stimulus that is movement direction is determined by the stimulus

• Kinds of tropism1. phototropism2. geotropism3. chemotropism4. thigmotropism5. hydrotropism

PHOTOTROPISM• Is tropism movement

that caused by stimulus of light

• Examples

the tip of plant that lies in room

will bend to direction of incident light

GEOTROPISM• Is tropism movement that follows earth

gravitational force• positive geotropism is geotropism

movement that its direction is downward• Negative geotropism is geotropism

movement that its direction upward

GEOTROPISM

CHEMOTROPISM

• Is tropism movement that is caused by chemical substances stimulus

• Example : the movement of root to food/fertilizer substance in soil

THIGMOTROPISM • Is tropism movement that is caused by

stimulus of touch to harder thing

• Example

Tendril of plant movement

HYDROTROPISM

• Is the movement of plant root that is influenced by reservation of soil water.

NASTIC MOVEMENT• Is plant movement to stimulus, that its

direction is not determined by stimulus but by plant itself

• Kind of nastic movement1. photonasty2. nictinasty3. thigmonasty4. thermonasty5. complex nasty

PHOTONASTIC• Is nasty movement that its caused by

stimulus of light

• example

the opening of Mirabilis jalapa flower at certain time

NICTINASTY• Is nasty movement that its caused by

dark condition (sleeping movement)

• Examples the closing of Butterfly flower ‘s leaves at night the closing of compound leaves of Leucaena glauca at night

THIGMONASTY/seismonasty

• Is nasty movement that it’s caused by stimulus of touch

• Example

the closing of leaves

of Mimosa pudica

when touched

THERMONASTY

• Is nasty movement that is caused by temperature stimulus

• Example Tulip flower will

bloom if suddently get temperature increasement

COMPLEX NASTY• Is nasty movement that is caused by

several factors altogether

• Example the opening and closing of stomata is influenced by light, chemical substance and water

Picture The Opening And Closing Of Stomata

TAXIS MOVEMENT

• Is transfer movement of all part of plant to stimulus that its direction is determined by the stimulus

• Kinds of taxis movement1. phototaxis2. chemotaxis

PHOTOTAXIS• Is taxis movement that is caused by

stimulus of light

• Example the movement of chlorophyll to surface/nearer surface the leaves to get the light

CHEMOTAXIS

• Is the taxis movement that is caused by chemical substances stimulus.

• Example movement of spermatozoid of moss and fern to ovum that is found in archegonium attracted to the sugar or protein that is produced by archegonium

Do The Exercise Chapter 8

Page 199 – 200Multiple Choices and Essay

Just The AnswersDo on your notebook

Created by Alfie_MSK, A Biology teacher of GIS JH

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