7A MP3 Review

1. What are the steps of the scientific method?

• Problem• Gather information• Hypothesis• Experiment• Observation• Conclusion• Repeat

2. What can be done to make the experiment more valid?•Repeat•Increase sample size

3. A student wanted to test whether salt affects the growth of plants. He gave 10 Plants in group A water and 10 Plants in group B water with 5mg of salt. After 2 weeks the plants in Group B Died.a. Independent variable•saltb. Dependent variable •growthc. Control group •Plant Ad. Experimental group •Plant Be. 3 Constants •Type of plant, sunlight, temperature, amount of soil

4. What is the length of the object below?• 8.9 cm

5. What is the volume of the liquid below?•73mL

6. A student placed 10.5 mL of water into a graduated cylinder. An object was placed into the same graduated cylinder. The water level went up to 16.5 mL. What is the volume of the object?•16.5 – 10.5 = •6.0 mL

7. Determine the volume of an object with the following dimensions:L = 1.56 cm w = 4.3 cm H = 1.757

•V = l x w x h•V = 1.56 cm x 4.3 cm x 1.757 cm•11.78•V = 11.8 cm3

8. Determine the density of an object with a mass of 156.3g and a volume of 45.2mL. Show all work.

•D = m = va.Does the object float or sink in water? Why?•Sinks because its more dense than waterb. If this object is cut in half, what is the density of each half?•It will remain the same

156.3g =45.2mL

3.457 = 3.5 g/mL

9. An object is observed in the field of view below. In which direction should you move the slide in order to center the image?

•left

22. An object is observed in the field of view below. In which direction should you move the slide in order to center the image? ____________________

10. The diameter of the field of view is 2000 um. What is the length of the object in this field of view?a. Millimeters:•1 mmb. Micrometers:•1000 um

11. The diameter of the field of view is 5000 um. What is the length of one of these objects?

a. Millimeters =•1.25 mm b. Micrometers = •1250 um

12. What is the diameter of the field of view below?

a. In millimeters = •7.0 mmb. In micrometers =•7000.0 um

CHEMISTRY13. Identify the part of an atom being described:a. Positive charge•protonb. Found moving around nucleus•electronc. Negative charge•electron

d. Found in the nucleus•Protons and neutronse. No charge•neutronsf. Smallest mass•Electron

14. A. A solution is made using sugar and water. a. Solute•sugarb. Solvent•WaterB. Describe 1 way to increase the solubility of this solution.•Heat it up

15. Use the solubility graph to answer the following questions.

a. How many grams of sugar can dissolve in 100mL of water at 50°C? •260gb. How many grams of salt can dissolve in 100mL of water at 10°C? •40 g

c. At 20°C, how many grams of sugar can be dissolved in 100mL of water? •200gd. Which substance has a greater solubility at 60°C? •sugar

16. Identify 2 examples of a physical property.•Color, mass, texture, shape, odor17. Identify 2 examples of a chemical property.•Flammability, reactivity, rusting18. Identify 2 examples of a physical change.•Melting, tearing, crushing, evaporation19. Identify 2 examples of a chemical change.•Rusting, burning

20. Identify the phase of matter being described below:a. molecules very far apart, move very fast•Gasb. molecules slide past each other•Liquidc. molecules packed tightly together• Solid

d. Identify the phases of matter below:

solid liquid gas

21. For each phase change below, identify how the material is changing.a. Melting•Solid liquidb. Freezing•Liquid solidc. Evaporation•Liquid gasd. Condensation•Gas liquid

22. Use the heating curve to answer the following questions.

a.What is the melting point?•70°Cb. At what temp does the substance start evaporating?•140°Cc. What is the boiling point?•140°C

d. Between what letters are all phase changes occurring?•B & C AND D & Ed. What is happening to the molecules as time increases?•Moving faster and farther apart

23. Identify the parts of the periodic table being described belowa. rows•periodsb. columns•Groups/familiesc. Group 18•Noble Gasesd. Brittle•Nonmetalse. Group 1•Alkali Metalsfe. Good conductors•metals

g. All elements to the left of the zig zag line•Metalsh. Elements to the right of the zig zag line•Nonmetalsi. Ductile & malleable•Metalsj. On zig zag line•Semi-metals/metalloidsk. Have luster•Metalsl. May have properties of both metals and nonmetals•Semi-metals/metalloids

24.a. Atomic #•54b. Atomic mass•131.293c. # of protons•54d. mass #•131e. # of neutrons •77

CLASSIFICATION

25. What are the 7 levels of classification from largest to smallest? •Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

26. How do we name organisms? •Genus species

27. KINGDOM CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLES

1. Archaebacteria  UnicelluarProkaryotic

 extreme environments

 2. Eubacteria  UnicellularProkaryotic

 Bacteria found everywhere

3. Protists UnicellularEukaryotic

 ameba, paramecium

 4. Fungi   Mostly multicellularHeterotrophs

mushroom, mold, yeast

5. Plants MulticellularAutotrophs

 trees, grass

6. Animals 

 MulticellularHeterotrophs

 humans, dogs, insects

CELLS28. Which scientists stated that:a.All animals are made of cells•Schwannb. All plants are made of cells•Schleidenc. all cells come from other cells•Virchow

29. Identify the organelle being described:

a. Semi-permeable• Cell membraneb. Holds organelles in place• cytoplasmc. Controls the cell• nucleusd. Gives a plant cell its shape.• Cell walle. Package and ship materials out.• Golgi bodiesf. Produce proteins.• Ribosomesm. Channels in cytoplasm that

transport materials. • ER

g. Contain enzymes that break down materials

• lysosomesh. Carry out photosynthesis• Chloroplastsi. Helps animal cells divide• Centriolesj. Produces ribosomes• Nucleolusk. Carries out respiration• Mitochondrial. Stores materials• Vacuole

30. Label the cell organelles below.33. Label the cell organelles below.

I

J

K

L

M A

H G

F

E

D

C

B

cytoplasm

mitochondria

nucleolus

Cell membrane Cell wall

chloroplast

ribosomes ER

golgi bodies

vacuole

DNA

nucleus

nuclear membrane

33. Label the cell organelles below.

N

O P

Q

R

S

T W

V U

centrioles

golgi bodies

cell membrane

ER

mitochondria

nucleus nuclear membrane

vacuoles

lysosomes

cytoplasm

31. What are the 5 levels of organization in a multicellular organism from smallest to largest?• Cells tissues organs organ

systems organism

32. What are the 2 types of passive transport?• Diffusion & osmosis33. Explain 2 differences between passive and active transport.• Passive = no energy, high low, with concentration

gradient• Active = energy, low high, against concentration gradient34. Which way does water move when a cell is placed in salt

water?• Out of the cell35. Which way does water move when a cell is placed in

distilled water?• Into the cell

RESPIRATION36. Where does respiration occur?• Mitochondria37. What are the differences between aerobic

respiration and anaerobic respiration?• Aerobic = oxygen required, makes 36 ATP• Anaerobic = oxygen not requires, makes 2 ATP38. Identify the 2 types of anaerobic respiration and

in what organism each occurs.• Lactic acid ferm = human muscles when they un

out of oxygen• Alcoholic ferm = yeast

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM1. Identify the nutrient being described:a. build and repair •Proteins b. Primary source of energy•Carbohydratesc. Store energy•Lipids

d. What makes up most of the body

• Watere. Regulate body

functions• Vitamins and minerals

f. makes up most of the body

• Water

2. a. Label the parts of the digestive system.

liver

gall bladder

Large intestine

mouth

esophagus

stomach pancreas

small intestine

rectum

b. How is energy measured in food?• Caloriesc. How does chemical digestion occur in the mouth?• Salivary amylase breaks down starch sugard. How does mechanical digestion occur in the

mouth?• Teeth break down food into smaller piecese & f. How does chemical digestion occur in the

stomach?• Enzyme breaks down proteinsg. Where does digestion end?• Small intestine

3. Where are villi located? What is the function of the villi?• Villi in the small intestine.• Absorb nutrients into blood.

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM4.

BLOOD VESSEL

FUNCTION

a. arteries 

 -carry blood away from heart-pulse

b. veins 

 -carry blood to heart

c. capillaries  

 -allow materials to be exchanged by diffusion-connect arteries to veins

PARTS OF THE BLOOD

FUNCTIONS

a. Red blood cells 

-carry oxygen and carbon dioxide

b. White blood cells 

-protect the body against disease

c. platelets 

- help blood clot

d. plasma 

-liquid part that transports materials

55. Label the parts of the heart below.

valve

Rightatrium

valve

right ventricle

aorta

leftatrium

valve

left ventricle

septum

6. What kind of blood does the right side of the heart receive? Where did it just come from? Where does it pump blood to? • Deoxygenated, from the body, to the

lungs7. What kind of blood does the left side

of the heart receive? Where did it just come from? Where does it pump blood to? • Oxygenated, from the lungs, to the

body

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM8. a. Label the diagram below.

larynx

mouthNasal cavity

lung

bronchi

diaphragm

pharynx

trachea

Bronchi

bronchiolealveoli

b. Where does gas exchange happen?• Alveolic. What 3 things happens in the resp system when you

inhale?• Diaphragm moves down (contracts)• Air pressure decreases.• Rib cage expands.d. What 3 things happens in the resp system when you

exhale?• Diaphragm moves up (relaxes)• Air pressure increases.• Rib cage contracts.

EXCRETORY SYSTEM9. a. Label the diagram below.

kidneys

urinary bladder

ureters

urethra

EXCRETORY SYSTEMa. What is excretion?• Removal of cellular (metabolic) wastesb. Why is the liver part of the excretory

system?• Produces Urea and detoxifies bodyc. What are the three functions of the

kidneys?• Filters blood, maintains water balance,

produces urine

NERVOUS & ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS10. What is homeostasis?• Maintaining a stable, internal environment11. A message sent by the nervous system is called an • Impulse12. A change in the environment which causes a response is

called a• Stimulus13. The sense organs that pick up a stimulus is called a• Receptor14. Muscles of glands that carry out a response are called • Effectors15. How does an impulse travel through a synapse? • The terminal branches release neurotransmitters into the

synapse that carry the impulse across to next neuron.

16. Label the neuron below.dendrites

Cell body/cyton

axon

Terminal branches

nucleus

Schwann cells

17. Fill in the chart below.

PARTS OF THE BRAIN FUNCTION

a.Cerebrum Voluntary activitiesSensesThinking, memory, reasoning, intelligence

b. Cerebellum Balancec. medulla 

Involuntary activities

18. The central nervous system is made up of the • Brain and spinal cord19. The nerves that branch of the spinal

cord make up the _________ nervous system.• peripheral

20. How do hormones travel to muscle cells?• Blood

21. A. Draw a line from the name of the gland to its picture. B. Draw a line from the picture of the gland to its function.

IMMUNE SYSTEM22. What is a pathogen?• Disease causing organism23. What makes up the bodys 1st line of

defense?• Skin, saliva, mucus, cilia, gastric juice24. How do antibodies protect the body

against disease?• Attach to antigen and slow it down so WBC’s

can kill it

25. Explain the differences between passive and active immunity?

• Passive = Temporary, get antibodies from someone else

• Active = permanent, make own antibodies

26. Explain the differences between an infectious and noninfectious disease.

• Infectious = caused by pathogen, can be spread• Noninfectious = not caused by pathogen, cannot

be spread27. How does HIV affect the body?• Attacks T-cells destroys immune system

SKELETAL & MUSCULAR SYSTEMS28. What is the difference between a ligament

and tendon?• Ligaments connect bone to bone.• Tendons connect muscle to bone.29. Identify where cartilage is located in the

body.• body parts (ears and nose)• Between vertebrae• ends of bones• skeleton of newborn

30. What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system? • Movement• Shape• Protection• Produces blood cells• Stores materials (calcium &

phosphorus)

31. Fill in the chart below.

TYPE OF MUSCLE

VOLUNTARY/ INVOLUNTARY

STRIATED/ NONSTRIATED

LOCATION

A. skeletal 

Voluntary Striated Attached to bones

B. smooth 

Involuntary Nonstriated Digestive system, blood vessels…

C. cardiac 

Involuntary Striated heart