77845182-asme-section-viii-div-1-2-3

ASME SECT. VIII DIV-I

CODES, STANDARDS & SPECIFICATIONS

ASME Section VIII Division-1, 2 & 3Historical Development of ASME Section VIII Div- 1, 2 & 3In the early 20th century, explosion of steam boilers in U.S was frequent. Occurring rate 1/day.1914: ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code is published.1925: First publication of Section VIII Unfired Pressure Vessels.1934: API+ASME jointly published unfired pressure vessel code for petroleum industry.1952: These two codes are merged in to single code: ASME Unfired Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII1968: ASME Section VIII Div-2 is published and original code became Div-11997: ASME Sec VIII division 3 is published.

ASME Section VIII Division-1, 2 & 3ASME Section VIII codes are most widely used worldwide.Section VIII is divided into three divisions:Division 1: Rules for construction of pressure vesselsDivision 2: Alternative Rules for construction of pressure vessels.Division 3: Alternative Rules for construction of high pressure vessels.Division 1 is used most often since it contains sufficient requirements for majority of pressure vessels.The main objective of ASME Code rules is to establish the minimum requirements that are necessary for safe construction and operation. ASME Code defines the requirements for material, design, fabrication, inspection and testing which are needed to achieve a safe design.

ASME Section VIII Division-1Scope:Applicable for pressure between 15 psig and 3000 psig.Code requirements do not apply to non pressure parts, however welds which attach non pressure parts on pressure parts shall meet code rules.

World Wide Pressure Vessel CodesDifferent industrial nations, institutions and organizations have developed standards and codes of the pressure vessel for Design FabricationInspectionThese codes and standards help the Design,Fabrication, Inspection engineer to size the vessel properly for its safe operation.Advantages of design codes:Proven design based on experience.Inbuilt factor of safety.Amendments of codes are being done at regular interval based on feed back data, design improvements and technological up gradation in materials and fabrication processes.

ASME Section VIII Division-1Scope:Code identifies specific items for which it is not applicable. This includes:Fired process tubular heaters (e.g. furnaces).Pressure containers which are integral part of mechanical devices (e.g. pumps, turbines).Piping system and their components.

ASME BOILER & PRESSURE VESSELS CODES

I. POWER BOILERS II. MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS III. NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COMPONENTS IV. HEATING BOILERS V. NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION VI. RECOMMANDATED RULES FOR CARE & OPERATION OF HEATING BOILERS VII. RECOMMANDATED RULE FOR CARE OF POWER BOILERS VIII. PRESSURE VESSELS DIVISION-1 ,DIVISION-2 & DIVISION-3 IX. WELDING & BRAZING QUALIFICATIONS. X. FIBERGLASS-REINFORCED PLASTIC PRESSURE VESSELS XI. RULES FOR INSERVICE INSPECTION OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COMPONENTS XII. RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION AND CONTINUED SERVICE OF TRANSPORT TANKS.

ASME Section VIII Division-1Structure of Sec VIII Div-1: It is divided into three subsections:Subsection A: It consists part UG, general requirements for Method of construction . that apply to all pressure vessel parts, Subsection B: It covers requirements that apply to various fabrication methods. Subsection B consists of Part UW for welded constructionPart UF for forged constructionPart UB for brazed construction- Subsection C: It covers requirements for several classes of material.

Structure of ASME Section VIII Div-1ASME SEC VIII DIV- 1 Consists of:Introduction -USubsection A -General Requirements (Part UG)Subsection B -Specific Requirements - Methods (Parts UW, UF, UB)Subsection C -Specific Requirements - Materials (Parts UCS, UNF, UHA, UCI, UCL, UCD, UHT, ULW, ULT, UHX)Mandatory Appendices -Appendix 1 to 40Non Mandatory Appendices -Appendix A, C, LL, MM (25 nos.)

Subsection A -General Requirements

Part UG : General Requirements for all Methods of Construction and all MaterialsMaterials UG-4 to UG-15 Design UG-16 to UG-35Openings and Reinforcement UG-36 to UG-46Braced and stayed surfaces UG-47 to UG-50Ligaments UG-53 to UG-55Fabrication UG-75 to UG-85Inspection and Tests UG-90 to UG-103Markings and Reports UG-115 to UG-120Pressure Relief Devices UG-125 to UG-137

Subsection B -Requirements pertaining to methods of Fabrication of Pressure VesselsPart UW : Requirements for Pressure vessels fabricated by WeldingGeneral UW-1 to UW-3 Materials UW-5Design UW-8 to UW-21Fabrication UW-26 to UW-42Inspection and Tests UW-46 to UW-53Markings and Reports UW-60Pressure Relief Devices UW-65Part UF : Requirements for Pressure vessel fabricated by ForgingPart UB : Requirements for Pressure vessel fabricated by Brazing

Subsection C -Requirements pertaining to Classes of MaterialsPart UCS Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Carbon and Low Alloy SteelsPart UNF Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Non Ferrous MaterialsPart UHA Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of High Alloy SteelPart UCI Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Cast IronPart UCL Requirements for Welded Pressure Vessels Constructed of Material non corrosion resistant, Integral Cladding, Weld Metal Overlay, Cladding or with Applied LiningsPart UCD Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Cast Ductile Iron

Subsection C -Requirements pertaining to Classes of Materials(Continued)Part UHT Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Ferritic Steels with Tensile Properties enhanced by Heat TreatmentPart ULW Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Layered ConstructionPart ULT Alternative Rules for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Material having higher allowable stresses at lower temperaturesPart UHX Rules for Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers

ASME SEC VIII DIV 1COVERS THE DESIGN OF PRESSURE COMPONENTS AS LISTED BELOW-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------UG-27 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE UG-28 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSUREUG-29 -----STIFFENING RINGS OF CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSUREUG-32 & 33 ---- FORMED HEAD , COVERS ELLIPSOIDAL, TORISHERICAL, HEMISHERICAL, CONICAL & TORICONICAL HEADS.UG-34 ---- UNSTAYED FLAT HEADS & COVERSUG-36 & 37 ---- OPENING IN PRESSURE VESSELS & REINFORCEMENTSUG-41 ---- STRENGTH OF REINFORCEMENTSUG -47 ----- BRACED & STAYED SURFACEUG 53 LIGAMENTUW-12 & 15 WELD EFFICIENCY & WELDED CONNECTION DESIGNUCS -56 REQUIRMENT OF PWHTUG -99 & 100 HYDROTEST & PNUMATIC TEST REQUIREMENT

PRESSURE VESSEL ASME SEC VIII DIV 1-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------UG-27 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE UG-28 ----- THK OF SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSURE UG-29 -----STIFFENING RINGS OF CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER EXTERNAL PRESSUREUG-32 & 33 ---- FORMED HEAD , COVERS ELLIPSOIDAL, TORISHERICAL, HEMISHERICAL, CONICAL & TORICONICAL HEADS.UG-34 ---- UNSTAYED FLAT HEADS & COVERSUG-36 & 37 ---- OPENING IN PRESSURE VESSELS & REINFORCEMENTSUG-41 ---- STRENGTH OF REINFORCEMENTSUG -47 ----- BRACED & STAYED SURFACEUG 53 LIGAMENT

UW-12 & 15 WELD EFFICIENCY & WELDED CONNECTION DESIGN UCS -56 REQUIRMENT OF PWHT UG -99 & 100 HYDROTEST & PNUMATIC TEST REQUIREMENT

STRUCTURE OF ASME SEC VIII DIV -1 CODE

ASME Section VIII Division-1Division 1 also consists mandatory and non mandatory appendices:Mandatory Appendices: It addresses the subjects that are not covered elsewhere in the code. Requirements of this appendices are mandatory.Nonmandatory Appendices: It provides information and suggested good practices. Requirements of these appendices are not mandatory unless specified in purchase order.

ASME Section VIII Division-2Scope of division 2 is identical to that of division 1, however there is no limitation on higher pressure.Allowable stress values are higher for division 2 that division 1, hence division 2 vessels are thinnerVessels constructed with division 2 are economical over division 1 when saving in material cost is higher than the additional cost required to meet stringent requirements of division 2.Economical for higher pressure applications and for more expensive alloy materials.

ASME Section VIII Division 1 and 2

Sheet1 (2)

C93.33148.89204.44260.00315.56343.33371.11398.89426.67454.44482.22510.00537.78565.56593.33

F200.00300.00400.00500.00600.00650.00700.00750.00800.00850.00900.00950.001000.001050.001100.00

Material

SA 515 Gr. 6017.1017.1017.1017.1016.4015.8015.3013.0010.808.705.904.002.50

SA 515 Gr. 7020.0020.0020.0020.0019.4018.8018.1014.8012.009.306.704.002.50

SA 516 Gr. 6017.1017.1017.1017.1016.4015.8015.3013.0010.808.705.904.002.50

SA 516 Gr. 7020.0020.0020.0020.0019.4018.8018.1014.8012.009.306.704.002.50

SA 387 Gr. 11 CL 117.1017.1017.1017.1017.1017.1017.1017.1016.8016.4013.709.306.304.202.80

SA 387 Gr. 11 CL 221.4021.4021.4021.4021.4021.4021.4021.4021.4020.2013.709.306.304.202.80

SA 387 Gr. 12 CL 115.4015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1014.7011.307.204.502.80

SA 387 Gr. 12 CL 218.2017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.4011.307.204.502.80

SA 387 Gr. 22 CL 117.1016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6013.6010.808.005.703.80

SA 387 Gr. 22 CL 221.4020.9020.6020.5020.4020.2020.0019.7019.3018.7015.8011.407.805.103.20

93.33148.89204.44260.00315.56343.33371.11398.89426.67454.44482.22510.00537.78565.56593.33

200.00300.00400.00500.00600.00650.00700.00750.00800.00850.00900.00950.001000.001050.001100.00

Material

SA 515 Gr. 60

SA 515 Gr. 70

SA 516 Gr. 60

SA 516 Gr. 70

SA 387 Gr. 11 CL 1

SA 387 Gr. 11 CL 2

SA 387 Gr. 12 CL 1

SA 387 Gr. 12 CL 2

SA 387 Gr. 22 CL 1

SA 387 Gr. 22 CL 2

Sheet1

C93.33148.89204.44260.00315.56343.33371.11398.89426.67454.44482.22510.00537.78565.56593.33

F200.00300.00400.00500.00600.00650.00700.00750.00800.00850.00900.00950.001000.001050.001100.00

Material

SA 515 Gr. 6017.1017.1017.1017.1016.4015.8015.3013.0010.808.705.904.002.50

SA 515 Gr. 7020.0020.0020.0020.0019.4018.8018.1014.8012.009.306.704.002.50

SA 516 Gr. 6017.1017.1017.1017.1016.4015.8015.3013.0010.808.705.904.002.50

SA 516 Gr. 7020.0020.0020.0020.0019.4018.8018.1014.8012.009.306.704.002.50

SA 387 Gr. 11 CL 117.1017.1017.1017.1017.1017.1017.1017.1016.8016.4013.709.306.304.202.80

SA 387 Gr. 11 CL 221.4021.4021.4021.4021.4021.4021.4021.4021.4020.2013.709.306.304.202.80

SA 387 Gr. 12 CL 115.4015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1014.7011.307.204.502.80

SA 387 Gr. 12 CL 218.2017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.4011.307.204.502.80

SA 387 Gr. 22 CL 117.1016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6013.6010.808.005.703.80

SA 387 Gr. 22 CL 221.4020.9020.6020.5020.4020.2020.0019.7019.3018.7015.8011.407.805.103.20

C93.33148.89204.44260.00315.56343.33371.11398.89426.67454.44482.22510.00537.78565.56593.33

F200.00300.00400.00500.00600.00650.00700.00750.00800.00850.00900.00950.001000.001050.001100.00

Material

SA 515 Gr. 60Thickness mm54.0954.0954.0954.0956.4558.6460.6171.6386.73108.57163.46248.82423.34

Cost Rupees/m210614.7510614.7510614.7510614.7511078.0311508.5611893.7614058.2217021.0821307.6932079.6848831.1083081.22


Cost Rupees/m29047.299047.299047.299047.299332.419636.0910016.3512305.6315266.1119877.4228030.8748831.1083081.22


Cost Rupees/m210614.7510614.7510614.7510614.7511078.0311508.5611893.7614058.2217021.0821307.6932079.6848831.1083081.22


Cost Rupees/m29047.299047.299047.299047.299332.419636.0910016.3512305.6315266.1119877.4228030.8748831.1083081.22

SA 387 Gr. 11 CL 1Thickness mm54.0954.0954.0954.0954.0954.0954.0954.0955.0856.4567.87101.29152.45235.86371.26

Cost Rupees/m215189.7115189.7115189.7115189.7115189.7115189.7115189.7115189.7115466.9215852.6619061.5637926.1157085.2988315.35139017.59


Cost Rupees/m212085.1412085.1412085.1412085.1412085.1412085.1412085.1412085.1412085.1412816.1519061.5637926.1157085.2988315.35139017.59


Cost Rupees/m220288.1620701.1220701.1220701.1220701.1220701.1220701.1220701.1220701.1220701.1221278.6137190.0959487.0198296.20166821.10


Cost Rupees/m217103.6617396.2217396.2217396.2217396.2217396.2217396.2217396.2217396.2217396.2217906.7237190.0959487.0198296.20166821.10


Cost Rupees/m218227.6518788.9018788.9018788.9018788.9018788.9018788.9018788.9018788.9018788.9023046.6638971.4653256.8576201.29118306.58


Cost Rupees/m214502.1714855.2215075.4215150.2815225.8815379.3815536.0015777.0116110.2416637.3319762.5136853.1854688.7685849.91143313.43

C93.33148.89204.44260.00315.56343.33371.11398.89426.67454.44482.22510.00537.78565.56593.33

F200.00300.00400.00500.00600.00650.00700.00750.00800.00850.00900.00950.001000.001050.001100.00

Material

SA 515 Gr. 60Thickness mm

Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2

SA 387 Gr. 11 CL 1Thickness mm

Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2

Chart2

54.087914649246.100832814754.087914649246.100832814754.087914649243.033079986960.20215213850.752632175554.087914649243.0330799869

54.087914649246.100832814754.087914649246.100832814754.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489844.0806956978

54.087914649246.100832814754.087914649246.100832814754.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489844.7341115078

54.087914649246.100832814754.087914649246.100832814754.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489844.9562429073

56.448568660547.553698439756.448568660547.553698439754.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489845.180591344

58.642367526649.101117911658.642367526649.101117911654.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489845.6360734337

60.605149937451.038746564160.605149937451.038746564154.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489846.1008328147

71.634224035662.703872467871.634224035662.703872467854.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489846.8159964526

86.731610827577.789117391286.731610827577.789117391255.075005598743.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489847.8047927471

108.5742223806101.2862049187108.5742223806101.286204918756.448568660545.636073433761.427551367951.620763398455.753328489849.368865554

163.4633411053142.8324340191163.4633411053142.832434019167.874906808967.874906808963.141181243753.135583318168.38761211758.6423675266

248.8208911017248.8208911017248.8208911017248.8208911017101.2862049187101.286204918782.767128967582.767128967586.731610827582.0173303296

423.3437921343423.3437921343423.3437921343423.3437921343152.453078228152.453078228132.3892999217132.3892999217118.5239705091121.7107065993

1050105010501050235.8566785527235.8566785527218.7597542993218.7597542993169.5871910662191.0603530821

1100110011001100371.2630350583371.2630350583371.2630350583371.2630350583263.293192372318.9463243194

SA 515 GR 60

SA 515 GR 70

SA 516 GR 60

SA 516 GR 70

SA 387 GR 11 CL1

SA 387 GR11 CL2

SA 387 GR12 CL1

SA 387 GR 12 CL2

SA 387 GR 22 CL1

SA 387 GR 22 CL2

Temp oF

Thickness mm

Temperature V/s Thickness

Sheet2

C93.33148.89204.44260.00315.56343.33371.11398.89426.67454.44482.22510.00537.78565.56593.33

F200.00300.00400.00500.00600.00650.00700.00750.00800.00850.00900.00950.001000.001050.001100.00

Material

SA 515 Gr. 6017.1017.1017.1017.1016.4015.8015.3013.0010.808.705.904.002.50

SA 515 Gr. 7020.0020.0020.0020.0019.4018.8018.1014.8012.009.306.704.002.50

SA 516 Gr. 6017.1017.1017.1017.1016.4015.8015.3013.0010.808.705.904.002.50

SA 516 Gr. 7020.0020.0020.0020.0019.4018.8018.1014.8012.009.306.704.002.50

SA 387 Gr. 11 CL 117.1017.1017.1017.1017.1017.1017.1017.1016.8016.4013.709.306.304.202.80

SA 387 Gr. 11 CL 221.4021.4021.4021.4021.4021.4021.4021.4021.4020.2013.709.306.304.202.80

SA 387 Gr. 12 CL 115.4015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1015.1014.7011.307.204.502.80

SA 387 Gr. 12 CL 218.2017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.9017.4011.307.204.502.80

SA 387 Gr. 22 CL 117.1016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6016.6013.6010.808.005.703.80

SA 387 Gr. 22 CL 221.4020.9020.6020.5020.4020.2020.0019.7019.3018.7015.8011.407.805.103.20

C

F200.00300.00400.00500.00600.00650.00700.00750.00800.00850.00900.00950.001000.001050.001100.00

Material


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2


Cost Rupees/m2

Sheet3

Section VIII Div. 1Section VIII Div. 2

1. Pressure limitUp to 3000 psig -->No limitation on pressure, however Div-3 is applicable above 10000 psig -->>

2. Design Factor3.53

3. Stress AnalysisMembrane Stress -->Membrane Stress + Bending Stress, Fatigue Analysis -->>

4. Stress TheoryMax. Principal Stress Theory -->Maximum Shear Stress Theory -->>

5. Joint Efficiency0.75 to 1.0No Joint Efficiency Factor

6. .Engineer. CertificationNot RequiredU.D.S. &Design Report Certification Required

7. Hydrostatic Test Pressure1.3 * MAWP1.25 * Design Pressure

8. Material WeightHigher Than Div. 215 % Less than Div. 1

Chart2 (2)

Chart2 (3)

54.087914649246.100832814754.087914649246.100832814754.087914649243.033079986960.20215213850.752632175554.087914649243.0330799869

54.087914649246.100832814754.087914649246.100832814754.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489844.0806956978

54.087914649246.100832814754.087914649246.100832814754.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489844.7341115078

54.087914649246.100832814754.087914649246.100832814754.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489844.9562429073

56.448568660547.553698439756.448568660547.553698439754.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489845.180591344

58.642367526649.101117911658.642367526649.101117911654.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489845.6360734337

60.605149937451.038746564160.605149937451.038746564154.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489846.1008328147

71.634224035662.703872467871.634224035662.703872467854.087914649243.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489846.8159964526

86.731610827577.789117391286.731610827577.789117391255.075005598743.033079986961.427551367951.620763398455.753328489847.8047927471

108.5742223806101.2862049187108.5742223806101.286204918756.448568660545.636073433761.427551367951.620763398455.753328489849.368865554

163.4633411053142.8324340191163.4633411053142.832434019167.874906808967.874906808963.141181243753.135583318168.38761211758.6423675266

248.8208911017248.8208911017248.8208911017248.8208911017101.2862049187101.286204918782.767128967582.767128967586.731610827582.0173303296

423.3437921343423.3437921343423.3437921343423.3437921343152.453078228152.453078228132.3892999217132.3892999217118.5239705091121.7107065993

1050105010501050235.8566785527235.8566785527218.7597542993218.7597542993169.5871910662191.0603530821

1100110011001100371.2630350583371.2630350583371.2630350583371.2630350583263.293192372318.9463243194

SA 515 GR 60

SA 515 GR 70

SA 516 GR 60

SA 516 GR 70

SA 387 GR 11 CL1

SA 387 GR11 CL2

SA 387 GR12 CL1

SA 387 GR 12 CL2

SA 387 GR 22 CL1

SA 387 GR 22 CL2

Temp oF

Thickness mm

Temperature V/s Thickness

ASME Section VIII Division-3Applied to vessels operating at internal or external design pressure is generally above 10000 psig.Design rules:Maximum shear stressElastic plastic analysisFracture mechanics evaluationMaterial and NDE requirements more stringent than division 1 and 2

PARTS OF THE PRESSURE VESSELS1. HEADS/END CLOSURES2. SHELL3. NOZZLES4. SUPPORTS5. NOZZLE REINFORCEMENT PADS6. INTERNALS & EXTERNAL ATTACHMENTS

Design considerations FOLLOWING LOADINGS TO BE CONSIDERED IN DESIGNING THE VESSELS AS PER ASME SEC. VIII DIV. I ( CLAUSE UG-22)

1. INTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE AT DESIGN TEMPRATURE.2. EXTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE AT DESIGN TEMPRATURE.3. WEIGHT OF THE VESSEL AT OPERATING AND TEST CONDITION.4. LOAD DUE TO ATTACHED EQUIPMENTS.5. WELD JOINT EFFICIENCY.6. EXTERNAL / INTERNAL ATTACHMENT7. SEISMIC LOADING.8. WIND LOADING.9. FATIGUE LOADING DUE TO THERMAL AND PRESSURE VARIATIONS.10. CORROSION ALLOWANCES.

WHAT IS PRESSURE VESSEL ?

PRESSURE VESSEL IS CONTAINER FOR THE CONTAINMENT OF PRESSURE, EITHER INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL. THIS PRESSURE MAY BE OBTAINED FROM AN EXTERNAL SOURCE, OR BY THE APPLICATION OF HEAT FROM A DIRECT OR INDIRECT SOURCE, OR ANY COMBINATION THEREOF.

TYPE OF VESSELS DEPENDING UPON THE ORIENTATION: 1. HORIZONTAL VESSEL 2. VERTICAL VESSEL

TYPE OF VESSEL DEPENDING UPON THE FUNCTIONS : 1. STORAGE VESSEL 2. COLUMNS / ADSORBERS 3. SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

SHELL SHELL IS THE MAIN PART OF THE VESSEL. TYPES OF THE SHELL 1. CYLINDRICAL SHELL 2. SPHERICAL SHELL

DESIGN OF CYLINDRICAL SHELL UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE AS PER ASME SEC-VIII DIV-1, CL. UG-27.

FOR EXTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE, SHELL TO BE DESIGN AS PER ASME SEC-VIII DIV-1 CL. UG-28

ShellNozzleLong. SeamCirc. SeamDend VESSEL CONSTRUCTION

D-EndNOZZLEMANWAY NOZZLELONG SEAMCIRC. SEAMD/E SEAMTypical Vessel SHELLD-EndBOT SPOOL

HEADS / ENDCLOSURES HEAD IS THE PART WHICH CLOSES THE END OPENING OF THE CYL. SHELL TYPES OF THE HEADS : 1. HEMISPHERICAL HEAD 2. ELLIPTICAL HEAD 3. TORISPHERICAL HEAD 4. CONICAL HEAD 5. TORICONICAL HEAD 6. BOLTED BLIND FLANGE DESIGN OF ELLIPTICAL HEAD UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE AS PER ASME SEC-VIII DIV-1, CL. UG-32.

FOR EXTERNAL DESIGN PRESSURE, HEAD TO BE DESIGN AS PER ASME SEC-VIII DIV-1 CL. UG-33

Formed Heads (Continued)

SINGLE PIECE DISHEND

CROWN & PETAL DEND

TORISPHERICAL DISHENDSeamless(one-piece head)

HEMISPHERICAL DISHENDSpherical seamless head(ID 3.4mt., 92mmThk.,steel SA387 Gr 11)

FLAT HEADSFlat Head (OD 4.1mt,Knuckle radius 100mm)

BOLTED BLIND FLANGE Detail of Manhole

NOZZLES / CONNECTIONS NOZZLES ARE THE OPENINGS PROVIDED IN THE SHELL/ HEAD FOR CONNECTING THE EXTERNAL PIPING WITH VESSEL.

NOZZLES CONSISTS OF NOZZLE NECK, FLANGE & RF PAD

TYPES OF THE NOZZLES / CONNECTIONS :1. PIPE NECK WITH FLANGE CONNECTION2. FORGED NECK WITH FLANGE CONNECTION

NOZZLE NECK TO BE DESIGNED AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV I CL. UG-45 RF PAD FOR THE NOZZLE TO BE DESIGNED AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV I CL. UG-36 NON STD. FLANGE TO BE DESIGNED AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV I, APPX-2 & STD FLANGE TO BE SELECTED AS PER UG-44/ASME B16.5

Nozzle Details

SUPPORTS FOR VESSEL SUPPORTS ARE REQUIRED FOR THE INSTALLATION OF THE VESSEL ON THE FOUNDATION.

TYPE OF SUPPORTS 1. LEG TYPE SUPPORT 2. SKIRT TYPE SUPPORT (CYLINDRICAL/CONICAL) 3 BRACKET TYPE SUPPORT 4. SADDLE SUPPORT

SKIRT DETAIL

Detail of Skirt

MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION FOR VESSEL ASME LISTS THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF THE MATERIAL FOR PLATES, FORGINGS, PIPES, TUBES, FLANGES & FITTING. --- ASME SEC II PART A,B,C & D

REFER TABLE UCS-23 FOR CARBON AND LOW ALLOW STEEL

REFER TABLE UHA-23 FOR HIGH ALLOY STEEL.

FABRICATION REQUIREMENTS1. WELD JOINT CATEGORIES AS PER UW-32. WELD JOINT EFFICIENCY AS PER UW-123. WELDING OF NOZZLES WITH SHELL AS PER UW-164. WELDING/WELDER QUALIFICATION AS PER ASME SEC IX5. PWHT REQUIREMENT AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV .1 , CL. UG-566. IMPACT TEST REQUIREMENT AS PER UCS-65/66

ASME Section VIII Division-1: FabricationIt covers the fabrication requirements as listed belowWeld joint categories as per UW-3Weld joint efficiency as per UW 12Welding of nozzles with shell as per UW 16Welding/welder qualification as per ASME Sec IXPWHT requirement as per UG-56Impact test requirement as per UCS-65 & UG 84

ASME Section VIII Division-1: FabricationWeld Joint Categories UW-3

NDT TESTING ALL BUTT JOINTS TO BE RT/UT/MPT/DP TESTED AS PER ASME CODE REQUIREMENT ALL CORNER JOINTS e.g. NOZZLE TO SHELL JOINT SHALL BE MPT/DP TESTED.ALL FILLET WELDS SHALL BE DP TESTED. ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR NDT REQUIREMENT FOR WELD JOINT Appendix 4 Rounded Indications Charts Acceptance Standard for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indication in Welds Appendix 6 Methods for Magnetic Particle Examination (MT) Appendix 8 Methods for Liquid Penetrate Examination (PT) Appendix 12 Ultrasonic Examination of Welds (UT)

EQUIPMENT TEST : - HYDROTEST --> 1.3 x DESIGN PRESSURE (UG-99) PNEUMATIC TEST ---> 1.1 x DESIGN PRESSURE (UG-100)

OFFICIAL STAMP FOR CODED VESSELS U STAMPS --- ASME SEC. VIII DIV.1

PREHEATING REQUIREMENTPREHEATING REDUCES THE SUSCEPTIBILTY OF THE WELDMENT TO COLD CTACKING /HYDROGEN CRACKINGPREHEATING REQUIREMENTS DEPENDING ON THE CARBON EQUIVALENT (CE) CE % SUGGESTED TEMP UP TO 0.45 % OPTIONAL 0.45 % TO 0.60 % 200-400 F ABOVE 0.60 % 400 700 FEFFECT OF PREHEATING : 1. ELIMINATES THE DANGER OF CRACK FORMATION 2. MINIMIZES HARD ZONE ADJACENT TO WLED 3. MINIMIZES THE SHRINKAGE STRESS 4. MINIMIZES THE DESTORTION

POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT OBJETCIVE: 1.TO REDUCE THE RESIDUAL STRESSES AT WELD & HAZ 2.TO MODIFY THE MICRO-STRUCTURE (HAZ)

EFFECT: 1. SUSCETIBLITIES TO BRITTLE FAILURE DECREASES. 2. RESISTANCE TO STRESS CORROSION CRACKING INCREASES. 3. DIMENSIONAL STABILITIES INCREASES.

PWHT PARAMETER 1. HEATING RATE 2. SOAKING TEMPERATURE 3. COOLING RATE

Part UCS (Continued)UCS-56 PWHT

CODE EXTRACT FOR HEAT TREATMENT

P. NO.

HOLDING TEMP.

NOM. THICKNESS

SOAKING PERIOD

1 ( CARBON STEEL) & 3 (LOW ALLOY STEEL)

1100 DEG. F(593 C)

UPTO 2

1 HR. PER INCH. , HOWEVER 15 MINUTES MINIMUM

OVER 2 TO 5

2 HOURS , PLUS 15 MIN. FOR EACH ADDITIONAL INCH ABOVE 2

OVER 5

2 HOURS , PLUS 15 MIN. FOR EACH ADDITIONAL INCH ABOVE 2

* POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT IS MANDATORY ON P-NO.3 GR. NO. 3 MATERIAL IN ALL THICKNESSES.

Code Requirements for PWHT

MaterialNormal Holding Temperature CMinimum holding time at normal temperature for nominal thicknessUp to 2Over 2 to 5Over 5P - No.1, P - No.3[e.g.SA516GR60/70]5951hr / in.15 min minimum2 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch over 22 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch over 2P - No.4[e.g.SA387GR11]6501hr / in.15 min minimum1 hr / inch 5 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch over 5P - No.5AP - No.5BP - No.5C[Group no.1 ][e.g.SA387GR22/SA540Ty.D Cl.4a]6751hr / in.15 min minimum1 hr / inch5 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch over 5

P - No.5BGroup no.2[e.g.SA387GR91]7051hr / in.15 min minimum1 hr / inch5 hr plus 15 min for each additional inch over 5

REQUIREMENT OF PRODUCTION CONTROL TESTING- PTC REQUIREMENT PTC SIMULATES THE ACTUAL WELD JOINT WITH THE BASE MATERIAL & WELDING CONSUMABLES FROM THE SAME HEAT & MELT AS THOSE USED IN ACTUL JOINT.

THE PTC UNDERGOES IDENTIAL FABRICATION SEQUENCE, DONE BY THE SAME WELDERS, SAME WELDING PARAMETERS WITH SAME CONSTAINTS SIMULATED AS THAT OF JOB.

TYPES OF PRODUCTION TEST COUPONS 1. THE SMULATED WELD COUPON STC 2. THE FINAL TEST COUPON FTC

STC THIS IS BASICALLY THE TEST COUPON OF THE WELD JOINT, WHICH IS SUBJECTED TO THE SIMULATED HEAT TREATMENT CYCLE, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT OF ALL POSSIBLE EVANTUALITIES LIKE REPAIRE, ADDITIONAL HEAT TREATMENT ETC.

FTC THIS IS BASICALLY THE TEST COUPON OF THE WELDMENT, WHICH IS SUBJECTED TO THE ACTUAL HAET TREATMENT SEEN IN THE JOB. THIS COUPON IS MADE SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH THE JOB.

HYDRO & PNUMATIC TESTING OF PRESSURE VESSELHYDROTESTING IS TO DONE AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV-1-CL UG-99

HYDROTEST PRESSURE = 1.3 X (P design) x (allow stress at test temp/ allow stress at design temp)

HYDROTEST STRESS SHOULD NOT EXCCED 90 % OF THE YIELD STRESS------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PNUMTAIC TESTING IS TO BE DONE AS PER ASME SEC VIII DIV 1 CL UG100

PNUMATIC TEST PRESSURE = 1.1 X DESIGN PRESSURE

THE METAL TEMPERATURE DURING PNUMATIC TESTING SHALL BE MAINTAINED ATLEAT 17 DRG C ABOVE THE MDMT TO MINIMISE THE RISK OF BRITTLE FRACTURE.

WATER FILLING, PRESSURISING & INSPECTION

HYDROTEST

Sketch for Hydro test

ASME BOILER & PRESSURE VESSEL CERTIFICATES OF AUTHORIZATION & CODE SYMBOL STAMPS SYMBOL/STAMP CODE BOOKS REQUIRED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. A ( ASSEBLY BOILER) --- B 31.1 &SEC- 1 & SEC II C2. U(PRESSURE VESSEL) ---- ASME SEC VIII DIV -1 3. U2(PRESSURE VESSEL) ---- ASME SEC VIII DIV-24. U3 (HIGH PV) ----- ASME SEC VIII DIV- 34. S (POWER BOILER) ------ B31.1 & SEC-15. UV (PV SAFETY VALVE)----ASME SEC VIIII DIV -1 /26. V (BOILER SAFETY VALVE) ----- SEC -17. qp (PRESSURE PIPING) ------ B31.1 & SEC -1

PRESSURE VESSEL CODEASME SECTION VIII DIVISION 1

Introduction to ASME Codes(Section I to Section XII)

A Brief Discussion on ASME Section VIII Divisions 1 and 2 and Division 3

Mandatory AppendicesAppendix 1 Supplementary Design FormulasAppendix 2 Rules for Bolted Flange Connections With Ring Type GasketsAppendix 3 DefinitionsAppendix 4 Rounded Indications Charts Acceptance Standard for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indication in WeldsAppendix 5 Flanged and Flued or Flanged Only Expansion JointsAppendix 6 Methods for Magnetic Particle Examination(MT)Appendix 7 Examination of Steel CastingsAppendix 8 Methods for Liquid Penetrate Examination (PT)Appendix 9 Jacketed VesselsAppendix 10 Quality Control SystemAppendix 11 Capacity Conversion for Safety ValvesAppendix 12 Ultrasonic Examination of Welds (UT)

Mandatory Appendices (continued)Appendix 13 Vessels of Noncircular Cross SectionAppendix 14 Integral Flat Heads With a Large, Single, Circular, Centrally Located OpeningsAppendix 16 Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel CommitteeAppendix 17 Dimpled or Embossed AssembliesAppendix 18 Adhesive Attachments of Name PlatesAppendix 19 Electrically Heated or Gas Fired Jacketed Steam Kettles Appendix 20 Hubs Machined From PlatesAppendix 21 Jacketed Vessels Constructed of Work-Hardened NickelAppendix 22 Integrally Forged VesselsAppendix 23 External Pressure Design of Copper, Copper Alloy, Titanium Alloy condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins

Mandatory Appendices (continued)Appendix 24 Design Rules for Clamp ConnectionsAppendix 25 Acceptance of Testing Laboratories and Authorized Observer for Capacity Certification of Pressure Relief ValvesAppendix 26 Pressure Vessels and Heat Exchangers Expansion JointsAppendix 27 Alternative Requirements for Glass-Lined VesselsAppendix 28 Alternative Corner Weld Joint Detail for Box Headers for Air Cooled Heat ExchangersAppendix 30 Rules for Drilled Holes Not Penetrating to Vessel WallAppendix 31 Rules for Cr-Mo steels With Additional Requirements for Welding and Heat TreatmentAppendix 32 Local Thin Areas in Cylindrical Shell and in Spherical Segments of ShellsAppendix 33 Standard Units for Use in Equations

Non mandatory AppendicesAppendix A Basis for Establishing Allowable Loads for Tube-to- Tubesheet JointsAppendix C Suggested Methods for Obtaining the Operating Temperature of Vessel Walls in Service Appendix D Suggested Good Practice Regarding Internal Structures Appendix E Suggested Good Practice Regarding Corrosion AllowanceAppendix F Suggested Good Practice Regarding LiningsAppendix G Suggested Good Practice Regarding Piping Reactions and Design of Supports and AttachmentsAppendix H Guidance to Accommodate Loading Produced by DeflagrationAppendix K Sectioning of Welded Joints Appendix L Examples Illustrating the Application of Code Formulas and Rules Appendix M Installation and Operation

Non mandatory Appendices (Continued)Appendix P Basic for Establishing Allowable Stress ValuesAppendix R Preheating Appendix S Design Considerations for Bolted Flange ConnectionsAppendix T Temperature Protection Appendix W Guide for Preparing Manufacturers Data Reports Appendix Y Flat Faced Flanges With Metal-to-Metal Contact Outside the Bolt CircleAppendix DD Guide to Information Appearing on Certificate of Authorization (See Fig. DD-1)Appendix EE Half-Pipe JacketsAppendix FF Guide For the Design and Operation of Quick- Actuating (Quick-Opening) ClosuresAppendix GG Guidance for the Use of U.S.Customary and SI Units in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Code

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A BRIEF DISCUSSION ON ASME SECTION VIII DIVISIONS 1 AND 2 AND THE NEW DIVISION 3

K.T.Lau, Ph.D., P.Eng., 3rd Annual Pressure Industry Conference, Banff, Alberta, Canada, February 1999.

Section VIII Division 1Section VIII Division 2Section VIII Division 3

"Unfired" Pressure Vessel RulesAlternative RulesAlternative Rules for High Pressure

Published< 194019681997

Pressure LimitsNormally up to 3000 psigNo limits either way, usually 600+ psigNo limit; Normally from 10,000 psig

OrganizationGeneral, Construction Type & Material U, UG, UW, UF, UB, UCS, UNF, UCI, UCL, UCD, UHT, ULTGeneral, Material, Design, Fabrication and others AG, AM, AD, AF, AR, AI, AT, ASSimilar to Division 2 KG, KM, KD, KF, KR, KE, KT, KS

Design FactorDesign Factor 4 on tensile (3.5* proposed) and other yield and temperature considerationsDesign Factor of 3 on tensile (lower factor under reviewed) and other yield and temperature considerationsYield based with reduction factor for yield to tensile ratio less than 0.7

Design RulesMembrane - Maximum stress Generally Elastic analysis Very detailed design rules with Quality (joint efficiency) Factors. Little stress alaysis required; pure membrane without consideration of discontinuities controlling stress coShell of Revolution - Max. shear stress Generally Elastic analysis Membrane + Bending. Fairly detailed design rules. In addition to the design rules, discontinuities, fatigue and other stress analysis considerations may be required uMaximum shear stress Elastic/Plastic Analyses and more. Some design rules provided; Fatigue analysis required; Fracture mechanics evaluation required unless proven leak-before-burst, Residual stresses become significant and maybe

Experimental Stress AnalysisNormally not requiredIntroduced and may be requiredExperimental design verification but may be exempted

Material and Impact TestingFew restrictions on materials; Impact required unless exempted; extensive exemptions under UG-20, UCS 66/67More restrictions on materials; impact required in general with similar rules as Division 1Even more restrictive than Division 2 with different requirements.Fracture toughness testing requirement for fracture mechanics evaluationCrack tip opening displacement (CTOD) testing and establishment of KIc and/or JIc values

NDE RequirementsNDE requirements may be exempted through increased design factorMore stringent NDE requirements; extensive use of RT as well as UT, MT and PT.Even more restrictive than Division 2; UT used for all butt welds, RT otherwise, extensive use of PT and MT

Welding and fabricationDifferent types with butt welds and othersExtensive use/requirement of butt welds and full penetration welds including non-pressure attachment weldsButt Welds and extensive use of other construction methods such as threaded, layered, wire-wound, interlocking strip-wound and others

UserUser or designated agent to provide specifications (see U-2(a))User's Design Specification with detailed design requirements (see AG-301.1) include AD 160 for fatigue evaluationUsers Design Specification with more specific details (see KG-310) including contained fluid data, etc with useful operation life expected and others. Designer defined

ManufacturerManufacturer to declare compliance in data reportManufacturer's Design Report certifying design specification and code compliance in addition to data reportSame as Division 2

Professional Engineer CertificationNormally not requiredProfessional Engineers' Certification of User's Design Specification as well as Manufacturer's Design ReportProfessional Engineer shall be experienced in pressure vessel design

Safety Relief ValveUV StampUV StampUV3 Stamp

Code Stamp and MarkingU Stamp with Addition markings including W, P, B, RES; L, UB, DF; RT, HTU2 Stamp with Additional marking including HTU3 Stamp with additional marking denoting construction type; HT, PS, WL, M, F, W, UQT, WW, SW

Hydrostatic Test1.5 (To be lowered to 1.3 for the proposed 3.5* Design Factor)1.251.25 (may be exempted for autofrettaged vessels)

certain provisions. It is believed that these code cases with the provisions, may be incorporated into the Code sometime in the future.

Common Features

Jurisdiction may have requirements in addition to Code

Mandatory Manufacturer's Quality Control System Implementation and Audit Requirements

Code Stamp Authorization through ASME Accreditation and Authorization

Authorized Inspection Agency in accordance with QAI

Authorized Inspector with Jurisdictional approval and certification

Manufacturer being held accountable for Code Stamp Application and full Code Compliance

NDE Personnel to SNT-TC-1A

Note: This brief comparative table is presented for discussion and does not represent the opinion of the ABSA, the ASME or the

ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Committees. Readers are advised to consult with the ASME Code Section VIII

Divisions 1, 2 & 3 for details

&R&9KTL. - 3rd Annual Pressure Equipment Conference, 1999

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Sheet3

THANK YOU

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77845182-asme-section-viii-div-1-2-3

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