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It.: SERIAL NO.62,
SERIAL NO.62, VOLUME 7, AUGUST 1996 - ASSAD 1375
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H E Shnkh Muhauvoad Namna AthiOrand Mona of Cvpoua
H E Snokh Ahnaad Kofi,,oGoand Maafa. of Sna
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Shawbh Nob H. Mi, kdl.rand author
Sbmkh Mubanmad Al.w. Majikiranow,nd atl.ol.,
Dr HauanAbbaaZajEa-Manaoanr of Fnane. Egypt
H E 'In al-Man,DtpuOv Minaonr R.ht,o, Altar,U A.E
H. E. Shaki, Yraurafar-Rafolfonnor Min.anr of Edsaaoar of Knanna,
Dr Au Maahv.ddin al-QandophipranadtnL ISIar,na Koadiab Laa,.e
Profteno, Shin Bi.qhoddinPakow.
Dam Modaann.ad MaoYooda Lnd.r IftnNO Pony. Miavaa
Uanoa Baa Main., K,auadopi -
author and W.ol.,
Dr Nocnann E,b.kanChoammo. To,kva blame SalvadorPan"
Abdob U.k.,, Mor,dnel,oIr and author. Er.J.nd
Han,,r, Ton Homin. L,owon,.nd. Wonan, Diva.ioa, of UMNO
Pony pf Malaya.
Shaykh Muhammad H Al.K.bba.nascholar, author and dse
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Dr Hmn Hathosnscholar and author
Dr Maker Hathos,ascholar and author
Dr RobonCraradam and poIiticaJ acnvltifl
Dr Seyved Hossein NssrProfnw: tnlamic Studies
Salman Ahrntrropananamyn Bans olact lmam.ao.al
Dr Ahorad SaM,date and author
Audrey Sisinoam.dues.or, (oundan of AWAIR
Dr Moml Siddiqo,ldam. Scholar
Dr SvyidM Syn.dGnne,.l 5ter.,y of ISNA
Shavkh Homr.s Yraufdor and scholar
263731 S. Robertson Blvd. Culver City, CA. 90232
International Islamic Unity Confcrence Call Toll free: 1 - ;-40(i-S IL
Dear Brothers and Sisters,
,iflU! .4IL am ;; RaIv,,ot-A11a/i ia Baroktaifli
I 'ouId hke to extend a personal invitation to each of you to attend the International Islamic
Unity Conference, to be held in Los Angeles, California on Aug. 2, 3. and 4 at the "stv
&)nave?zture Roel. Insha4l1ah, this conference will have over 72 ol' the most renoncd uides
and scholars in the world. These speakers include Mawlana Shaykh Nazim Adil al-i laqqani. !tc
Grand Mufti of Cyprus, as well as Shaykh Adnan al-Kabbani from Lebanon, Shaykh Ahmed
Kuftaro. the Giand Mufti of Syria, Prince Raja Ashman of Malaysia, brother Yusuf [slam. \uh
Ha \'lirn Nefler from Jordan. Shaykh Yusufar-Rifai from Kuwait, Mawlana Shaykh Muhammad
A!a'ai Maliki from Saudi Arabia, Sibghatullah Mojadedi, and His Royal Highness Mohammed
Zahir Shah, the former king of Afghanistan. These luminaries (and many oiier are. b Allah's
Grace. being gathered together for the first time in the United States. There has never before
been any meeting of this magnitude in America.
1/k ntThe conference's main theme will be the launch of "The International Dcrv of
the Orphan. "The intention behind this is to highlight the plight of orphans..,
Shavkh Muhammad I lisham al-Kabbani,
President of As-Suntla Foundation of America
Chairman of the International islamic Unity ( ri,krciice
33 4j) Jol
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In the past, the Soviets have tested chemical agents on live
prisoners, those tests were carried out in confined testingfacilities (Q- Crommelin, Jr. and D.S. Sullivan, Soviet Military
Supremacy UCAL: 1985). AfghaniStan provided them with theopportunity to test entire chemical weapons systems (includingdelivery platforms, the disseminating weapon and the agent itself)under field conditions and against a live population.
After 1980, the Soviets tested and used in Afghanistan atleast two generations of chemical weapons, including all thepreviously known lethal agents in the Soviet arsenal as well as afamily of previously unknown "Super nerve agents" which have becomethe backbone of the Soviet chemical arsenal (KhV soldiers, Y.Povarnitsyn and A. Sakharov, captured by the Resistance: 1986).They have tested and discovered the operational usefulness of non-lethal agents, especially incapacitant (knock-out weapons), andhave subsequently put them to massive use in: Afghanistan, Georgia,Chechnya, Azerbaijan and Tajikistan (Jane's Intelliaeuce ReviewJanuary 1995).
They have also developed and deployed a series of incendiarymunitions and weapons ranging from solid cluster elements to newchemical substances and delivery modes. Since 1984, there havebeen growing indications of the ongoing fielding of yet anadditional generation of chemical weapons, the outgrowth of thelessons derived from the use of CW in combat operations. Theseintelligence reports and others point to the conclusion thatchemical warfare has become an integral component of the Russiancombined-arms small-unit military operations. Chemical weapons areand will be used whenever deemed necessary by the combat commander.
The most significant impact of the former Soviet military useof chemical weapons in Afghanistan is on the Russian commanders andtroops whom are currently engaged as military advisers to Massoud:they have learned to enjoy the operational benefits of usingchemical weapons, and have realized that these can be integratedsafely and effectively into combined-arms units and sub-units.This will have a great impact - on the willingness of Russia todeploy or introduce chemical weapons in future wars or regionalconflicts if it is to their political advantage as is the casecurrently in Afghanistan to do so.
The decision has, therefore, been made by Russia for neo-colonial and political reasons to supply these sophisticated anddeadly weapons-delivery systems to Ahmad Shah Massoud and arecurrently in his weapons inventory ready for use against his fellowAfghans. It was not enough that the Afghan people had to endureten years of barbarity at the hands of the Russian invader, for nowthey must endure the ultimate insult - the deployment of heinousand indiscriminate chemical killers to be disseminated by a brotherAfghan and Russian client - Ahmad Shah MassoudlBruce Richardson . . . May 1996
6
Afahanistan - a poisonous Cloud Looms
An official of the Rabbani regime, his tongue loosened byinebriation, intimated that Abmad Shah Massoud is manufacturingchemical weapons in the Panjsher enclave. This statement, whilerevealing, is only partly truthful. The manufacture of chemicalweapons is a highly technological endeavor. It is highly unlikely
that Massoud has the expertise, raw materials, and assemblyfacilities required to assemble chemical weapons reliably. In
speaking with U.S. Foreign-Science and Technology analysts, theyhave assured me that it is indeed highly unlikely that such amanufacturing facility exists in the Panjsher or anywhere else in
Afghanistan. Moreover, a more likely scenario (according to U.S.intelligence estimates) is that Russia who deploys the identicalweapons delivery systems as A.S. Massoud is the most likelycandidate for supplying him with these indiscriminate and heinous
weapons.
That Russia would make the decision to supply Ahmad ShahMassoud with chemical warfare capability against all internationaltreaties and norms to which they are a signatory should come as nosurprise to anyone familiar with Soviet and Russian militaryhistory. To Russian politico-military strategists who wish toshape the outcome of the present civil conflict in Afghanistan, atany cost, by empowering a sympathetic government in Kabul, chemicalweapons are but a means to an end - in their view, indiscriminateand heinous killers such as chemical or bacteriological weapons arebut a consequence of warl
Volumes of historical precedent for Russian deployment ofchemical weapons exists. At the end of the 1920s, during thesuppression of the rising in the Caucasus, chemical shells wereused to destroy the defenders and the population of the mountainvillages, in the 1930s, during the actions against the Basmachitribesmen in Central Asia, Soviet aircraft sprayed Yprite - mustardgas. The cumulative effects of fire power and chemical attacks ledto the collapse of support for the insurgents and forced them toreduce their level of resistance to sporadic and insignificantskirmishes.
Soviet chemical warfare (CW) operations in Afghanistan beganas early as April 1979, when Soviet helicopters fired rocketsfilled with toxic smoke and non-lethal agents to suppress theuprising in Herat. After that incident, and especially followingthe invasion, there were wide-spread reports of Soviet use of bothlethal and non-lethal chemical agents (including several toxins andmycotoxins ("yellow rain"]) against both resistance forces andcivilians. These weapons were disseminated by the professionaloperators of the delivery platforms (Ground Forces, Air Force,Rocket and Artillery Troops, etc.) with the direct participation,professional assistance and supervision of the Chemical Troops(KhV) (U.S. Department of State, Chemical Warfare in Southeast Asiaand Afcihanistan: Special Report No. 104 (Washington D.C. :GPO,November 1982).
rumours reached America that he was engaged in the trade of museum items in the bazaars ofPeshawar. He then joined the Jalalabad local government and because he spoke good English hewas recruited Manapr of Jalalabad Hotel.
I hope the above four points receive due attention in the relative sections of the USGovernment.
I-ISayed K. Hashemeyan (Ph.D.) ''
Editor-in-Chief of Afghanistan MirrorFormer Professor of Kabul University.
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4
Afghans in general believe that senators and congressmen taking interest in Afghanistan shoulddo so on the basis of American interests and in the interest of world's peace and security, alsofor humanitarian reasons, taking into consideration the American indebtedness to the Afghannation who fought and defeated the Soviet Super Power, but not for partisan and electionreasons.
Adequate Representtion:
The congressional Sub-Committees generally invite only those Afghans to testify before theCommittee who are well known or who have been introduced to certain congressmen andsenators and/or whose views are personally held by those same officials. Hence a good numberof learned and intellectual Afghans worth hearing never get a chance to be heard. At times oneperson with a particular view point is invited two three times in the course of one month.Afghans believe that America has the top of the cream of the Afghan population here, andAmerica would benefit more if an adequate representation of the various view points is selectedfrom amongst the Afghan-Americans. The Afghanistan Desk of the Departnent of State shouldprovide such a list to the congressional sub committees.
Also, there are a good number of learned and knowledgeable Americans, whose works andarticles on Afghanistan have been published. Bruce Richardson of Massachusetts, a freelancejournalist, is one of those, and there are many more. For a change, the Congress should heardiffering points of view from as broad a spectrum of American scholars as it is possible toassemble, as the issue of Afghanistan is critically important to the concept of human rights andalso to maintain peace and stability in one of the world's most volatile regions South andCentral Asia.
Highly Unethical Representation:
During the past week, I have been contacted by six Afghans ( 2 from Virginia and 4 fromCalifornia) who have heard that an Afghan by name of Zaid Haidari has been invited by theSenate Sub Committee for the Hearing on the 25th of June. They expressed surprise and anxietyover this selection. Zaid Haidari has had a long mis-reputation among the Afghan communitiesin America, Europe, India and Pakistan. The following is a brief account of his deeds. Theoffice of the Attorney General in Saccraxnento and the FBI in San Francisco have files onAttorney John M. Pohlmann and Zaid Haidari:
In 1991 Zaid Haidary, accompanied by John M. Pohlman.n, an immigration attorney from SanFrancisco, went to Frankfurt Germany and then to New Delhi-India, where they interviewedover 300 Afghan refugees, collecting about $2000 from each applicant and promising USimmigration visa in about 6 months. Haidary had introduced John Pohlxnann to the ignorantAfghan refugees as representative of US Immigration. After 6 months, hundreds of letterspoored from India and Germany to various Afghan circles in America, including AfghanistanMirror, and the fraudulent news was published in Afghanistan Mirror issue No.15-16 dated July1991. Relatives of the cheated parties referred the cases to the office of Saccremento AttorneyGeneral, the matter was fully investigated under the category of 'foreign fraud', with thecooperation of FBI San Francisco; John M.Pohlmann filed bankruptcy, his license was terminatedand cancelled by the court of law. Zaid Haidary, in the meantime , ran away to Pakistan andstayed under the protection of his uncle in Peshawar, General Rahim Wardak. In 1992 ZadHaidary went to Kabul and oughc employment with a branch of Kabul Museum. By !9Q4
:' 941q444AFGHAN1SN
JL1 MiRROR
408
"MONtCL1R, CA 9173
(909). 6 922.7- (909)6264314
TO WHOM IT MAY CONCFRN
F JUNE 13, 1996
THF FORTHCOMTNG SENATE HFARTNG :JUNE 25 & 27
N Afghans whereever they are, especially Afghan Americans, appreciate and welcome the renewed
S opportunity t Gvernment and the media to hear the facts about the tragedy of'i' Afghanistan.
interest by the US Government on Afghanistan. The House Subcormnittee Hearing on May 23,1996 and theSe nate Subcommittee Hearing on June 6, 1996 have certainly provided a good
Ic certain aspects of the forthcoming Hearing have aroused comments and criticism among theAfghans residing in the United States which they have äornmunicated to the AfghanistanMirror, a non partisan monthly magazine published in California since 1989. The Editor of
We are looking forward to the Senate. Subcommittee Hearing on June 25th and 27th. However.
Afghanistan Mirror , an Afghan-American citizen, wishes to share these views with the ITS.I Government.
The Afghan Issue Should Be One of Bi-partisanship:
0 What President Reagan did for Afghanistan, he did it on behalf of the Government and peoplesof America for which he was fully supported. However, in 1996 the renewed interest onAfghanistan is heard mostly from the circles of the Republican party. Afghans do not see a goodend to this partisan efforts; Afghans would rather persuade and certainly wholeheartedlywelcome a bi-partisan efforts.
Fear of Politicization of the Afghan Issue:
A number of Afghan- Americans believe that Certain Afghan-American political circles, thatof Mr. Hassarx Noun and his associates in California for instance, are trying to politicize theIssue of Afghanistan in this year of congressional & Presidential election, by propagating thatthey have over a thousand votes in their pockets, thus attracting certain congressmen andarranging parties for their introduction and popularity. One such party is arranged on June 14,1996 in Orange County to hear once again what have been said already and widely publicised.Afghans helicve in general that the issue of Afghanistan should not be included in theelect:on-year politics.
AFGHANISTANMIRR0R
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Dan & Pushto Chapters
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SERIAL NO.62, VOLUME 7, AUGUST 1996 ASSAD
Editor's Note:The Forthcoming Senate Hearing ... P. 3
Afghanistan- A Poisonous Cloud LoomsBruce Richardson
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