7.0d - carrier requirements —vessel

7.0d - CARRIER REQUIREMENTS—VESSEL

1 | P a g e Hazardous Materials Regulations 7.0d Carrier by Vessel

Student Workbook

Table of Contents

..........................................................................................................................................................................2

International Maritime Dangerous Goods Requirements ...............................................................................3

Definitions .........................................................................................................................................................................4

General Requirements ..................................................................................................................................................5

Training ................................................................................................................................................................7

Enforcement.......................................................................................................................................................7

Documentation Requirements ....................................................................................................................8

Inspections of Cargo..................................................................................................................................... 13

Emergency Situations and Incidents Reporting................................................................................................. 14

Damaged or Leaking Packages ................................................................................................................................ 17

General Stowage and Handling ............................................................................................................................... 19

Segregation Requirements ....................................................................................................................................... 27

Material-Specific Regulations.................................................................................................................................. 31

Summary.......................................................................................................................................................................... 32


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Module 7.0d: Carrier Requirements – Vessel

This module is based on Part 176 of the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) and covers the requirements for accepting and/or transporting hazardous materials by most commercial vessels, foreign or domestic, when in the navigable waters of the United States. Exceptions are found in Section 176.5(b). Part 176 requirements for vessel transportation are in addition to those contained in Parts 171, 172 and 173 of the HRM.

Objectives NARRATION: This training workbook will help guide the learner through the information outlined in the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) pertaining to the carriage of hazardous materials by vessel. Upon completion of this module, you will become familiar with identifying: The DOT requirements for transportation of hazardous materials by vessel as described in Part 176 of the HMR.


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International Maritime Dangerous Goods Requirements

NARRATION: A hazardous material may be offered for transportation or transported to, from, or within the United States by vessel and by motor carrier and rail in accordance with the IMDG Code, as authorized in §171.22, provided all or part of the movement is by vessel. As required by Part 171, shipments offered in accordance with the IMDG Code must conform to the requirements in Part 176 of the HMR. For transportation by rail or highway prior to or subsequent to transportation by vessel, a shipment must conform to the applicable requirements of Parts 174 and 177. The motor vehicle or rail car must be placarded in accordance with subpart F of Part 172, if applicable. Subpart C of Part 171 identify the conditions and requirements when a hazardous material is offered for transportation or transported to, from, or within the United States by vessel in accordance with the IMDG Code .


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Definitions

NARRATION: The definitions in section 171.8 of the Hazardous Materials Regulations are essential to understanding the regulations related to the transportation of hazardous materials by vessel. Stowage means the act of placing hazardous materials on board a vessel. Vessel includes every description of watercraft, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on the water. Barge means a non-self-propelled vessel. Familiarity with the terms in §176.2 is important in properly applying the regulations.


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General Requirements

NARRATION: General operating requirements can be found in Part 176, Subparts A and B. Part 176 prescribes requirements in addition to those contained in Parts 171, 172, and 173 of the HMR to be observed with respect to the transportation of hazardous materials by vessel. A hazardous material must be prepared for transportation in accordance with Parts 172 and 173 of the HMR, or as authorized by Subpart C of Part 171. A carrier may not transport by vessel any forbidden explosive or explosive composition described in §173.54 of the HMR. Each carrier, master, agent, and charterer of a vessel and all other persons engaged in handling hazardous materials on board vessels shall comply with the applicable provisions of 33 CFR to ensure port security and safety regulations. 33 CFR is the portion of the Code of Federal Regulations that governs Navigation and Navigable Waters within the United States.


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Application to Vessels

NARRATION: According to section 176.5, the Hazardous Materials Regulations apply to each domestic or foreign vessel when in the navigable waters of the United States, regardless of its character, tonnage, size, or service, and whether self-propelled or not, whether arriving or departing, underway, moored, anchored, aground, or while in dry dock. Vessels not subject to this requirement are listed in section 176.5(b) and include:

• A public vessel not engaged in commercial service.

• A vessel constructed or converted for the principal purpose of carrying flammable or combustible liquid cargo in bulk in its own tanks, when only carrying these liquid cargoes.

• A vessel of 15 gross tons or smaller when not engaged in carrying passengers for hire.


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Training

Enforcement

NARRATION: Training requirements. Under section 176.13, each carrier must ensure that its employees involved in the transportation of hazardous materials are trained in accordance with the HMR, Part 172, Subpart H. The record of training required by section 172.704(d) must be kept on board the vessel while the crew member is in service on board the vessel. Each owner, operator, master, agent, person in charge, and charterer must ensure that vessel personnel required to have a license, certificate of registry, or merchant mariner's document by 46 CFR Parts 10 and 12 possess a license, certificate or document, as appropriate (see §176.7). An enforcement officer of the U.S. Coast Guard may, at any time and at any place, within the jurisdiction of the United States, board any vessel for the purpose of enforcement of the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) and inspect any shipment of hazardous materials as defined in the HMR (see §176.15).


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Documentation Requirements

NARRATION: As stated in Part 176, Subpart B, a carrier may not transport a hazardous material by vessel without the following documents, unless accepted:

• Shipping papers, • Certificate, • Dangerous cargo

manifest, list, or stowage plan,

• Special permit (only if applicable).

When shipping orders, manifest, cargo lists, stowage plans, reports, or any other papers, documents or similar records are required by the HMR, the carrier must preserve them or copies of them in his place of business or office in the United States for a period of one year after their preparation. Any record required to be preserved must be made available upon request to an authorized representative of the department. We will review the requirements next.


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Certifications

NARRATION: According to section 176.24, a shipping paper prepared in accordance with part 172 of the HMR must accompany a shipment of hazardous materials by vessel, unless the material is accepted from shipping paper requirements under the HMR.

The container packing certification statement in section 176.27 is in addition to the shipper’s certification in section 172.204.

The certification may appear on a shipping paper or on a separate document.

Certifications: “This is to certify that the above-named materials are properly classified, described, packaged, marked and labeled, and are in proper condition for transportation according to the applicable regulations of the Department of Transportation.”

“It is declared that the packing of the container has been carried out in accordance with the applicable provisions of 49 CFR.”


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Dangerous Cargo Manifest

NARRATION: The carrier, its agents, and any person designated for this purpose by the carrier or agents must prepare a dangerous cargo manifest, list, or stowage plan.

This document must include all hazardous materials subject to the requirements of the Hazardous Material Regulations (49 CFR parts 171 through 180) or the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code). (A list of the information required is as follows: Name of the vessel, official number, and nationality of vessel; shipping name and identification number of each hazardous material on board; the number and description of each type of package; classification of the hazardous material in accordance with either the HMR or IMDG; any additional description required by section 172.203; stowage location of hazardous material; additional information in the case of a vessel used for the storage of explosives or other hazardous materials.)


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Dangerous Cargo Manifest Cont.

NARRATION: The Dangerous Cargo Manifest must be kept on or near the vessel's bridge, except when the vessel is docked in a United States port. When the vessel is docked in a United States port, this document may be kept in the vessel's cargo office or another location designated by the master of the vessel, provided that a sign is placed beside the designated holder on or near the vessel's bridge indicating the location of the dangerous cargo manifest, list, or stowage plan. This document must always be in a location that is readily accessible to emergency response and enforcement personnel.


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Documentation Requirements

NARRATION: If a hazardous material is being transported by vessel under the authority of an exemption or special permit, then a copy of the exemption or special permit is required to be on board the vessel and must be kept with the dangerous cargo manifest.

Let's briefly review special permits.

The U.S. DOT grants exemptions or relief from certain hazardous materials regulations for specific packagings or persons through DOT special permits.

Special Permits are issued in writing by the U.S. DOT in Washington, D.C. on a case-by-case basis.

On the shipping papers, the special permit number must be clearly associated with the basic description to which the exemption applies. It includes the letters “DOT - S P” followed by the assigned special permit number that must be written after the basic description.


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Inspections of Cargo

NARRATION: The carrier must inspect each hold or compartment containing hazardous materials to ensure that stowage has been accomplished properly and that there are no visible signs of damage to any packages or evidence of heating, leaking, or sifting. For manned vessels, an inspection of the cargo must be made after stowage has been completed and at least once every 24 hours thereafter (weather permitting). However, freight containers or individual barges do not need to be opened. Vessels equipped with smoke or fire detecting systems with an automatic monitoring capability need to be inspected only after stowage is completed and after periods of heavy weather. Each inspection of the stowage of hazardous materials must be recorded in the vessel's deck logbook. For unmanned and magazine vessels, an inspection of the cargo must be made only after stowage has been completed. This inspection must be made by the individual who is responsible to the carrier and who is in charge of loading and stowing the cargo on the unmanned vessels or the individual in charge in the case of a magazine vessel.


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Emergency Situations

Reporting Requirements (Section 176.48)

NARRATION: In case of an accident involving hazardous materials on board a vessel, section 176.45 outlines the following steps:

1. The master must adopt procedures to provide maximum safety for the vessel, its passengers, and its crew

2. Damaged packages or unauthorized packagings used in the emergencies may not be offered to any forwarding carrier for transportation

3. The master must notify the nearest Captain of the Port and request instructions for disposition of the packages.

According to section 176.48, when a fire or other hazardous condition exists on a vessel transporting hazardous materials, the master MUST notify the nearest Captain of the Port as soon as possible and must comply with any instructions given by the Captain of the Port.

When an incident occurs during transportation in which a hazardous material is involved, a report may be required (see §§ 171.15 and 171.16 of the HMR).

If a package, portable tank, freight container, highway or railroad vehicle containing hazardous materials is jettisoned or lost, the master must notify the nearest Captain of the Port as soon as possible of the location, quantity, and type of the material.


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Hazardous Materials Incident Reporting

NARRATION: The requirements for the hazardous materials incident reporting are covered in two sections of the HMR. §171.15 requires an Immediate notification and §171.16 requires a detailed, written hazardous materials incident report. We will review these sections next. According to section 171.15, no later than 12 hours after the occurrence of any reportable incidents, each person in physical possession of the hazardous material must notify the National Response Center (NRC) by telephone or online. REPORTABLE INCIDENTS A telephone report is required whenever any of the following occurs during the course of transportation in commerce (including loading, unloading, and temporary storage): As a direct result of a hazardous material—

• A person is killed; • A person receives an injury

requiring admittance to a hospital; • The general public is evacuated for

one hour or more; • A major transportation artery or

facility is closed or shut down for one hour or more; or the operational flight pattern or routine of an aircraft is altered

• or any other scenario in §171.15.

A written report is also required within 30 days when any of the above criteria are met or when any of the criteria of section 171.16 are met.


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Hazardous Materials Incident Reporting

NARRATION: Each person in physical possession of a hazardous material at the time that any of the following incidents occurs during transportation (including loading, unloading, and temporary storage) MUST SUBMIT a Hazardous Materials Incident Report on DOT Form F 5800.1 within 30 days of discovery of the incident. These incidents do not require a notification to the NRC. Reportable incidents specified in section 171.16 are: As a follow up to the immediate notification

• An unintentional release of a hazardous material or the discharge of any quantity of hazardous waste;

• An undeclared hazardous material is discovered;

• or any other scenario specified in 171.16.


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Damaged or Leaking Packages NARRATION: A carrier may not transport by vessel any damaged package that appears to have leaked or may leak, or that gives evidence of failure to properly contain the contents unless it is restored or repaired to the satisfaction of the master of the vessel.

A package containing radioactive materials (other than low specific activity materials) may not be repaired or restored. Repairs must be conducted according to section 176.54.

A carrier may not knowingly transport by vessel any hazardous material offered under a false or deceptive name, marking, invoice, shipping paper or other declaration, or without the shipper furnishing written information about the true nature of the material at the time of delivery.

If a shipment is found to be in violation while in transit, the master of the vessel must take whatever measures are necessary to ensure the safety of the vessel, its passengers, and its crew in compliance with §176.45.

If the vessel is in port, the material may not be delivered to any party, and the master shall immediately notify the nearest Captain of the Port and request instructions for disposition of the material.


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Carriage of Hazardous Materials by Vessel

NARRATION: So far, we reviewed that the Hazardous Materials Regulations APPLY TO EACH DOMESTIC or FOREIGN VESSEL when in the navigable waters of the United States, regardless of its character, tonnage, size, or service, and whether self-propelled or not, whether arriving or departing, underway, moored, anchored, aground, or while in dry dock.

However, certain exceptions can be found in §176.5.

Subpart B of Part 176 identifies specific documentation that must accompany hazardous materials shipped by vessel:

• Shipping Paper • Certificate • Dangerous cargo manifest, list, or

stowage plan

• Special Permit, if applicable.

Shipping papers prepared by a shipper contain the information required to describe hazardous materials being transported. The container packing certification statement described in section 176.27 is in addition to the shipper’s certification on the shipping paper. Dangerous Cargo Manifest identifies the vessel carrying hazmat, specifies hazardous materials and their location on the vessel.

On the shipping paper, the special permit number is clearly associated with the basic description to which the exemption applies.


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General Stowage and Handling

Supervision of Handling and Stowage

NARRATION: General Handling and Stowage requirements in Subpart B include the following:

• Supervision of handling and stowage;

• Preparation of the vessel; • Stowage locations; • General and material-

specific stowage requirements.

Hazardous materials may be handled or stowed on board a vessel only under the direction and observation of a responsible person who has been assigned this duty.

For a vessel engaged in coastwise voyages, or on rivers, bays, sounds or lakes, including the Great Lakes when the voyage is not foreign-going, the responsible person may be an employee of the carrier and assigned this duty by the carrier, or a licensed officer attached to the vessel and assigned by the master of the vessel.


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Supervision of Handling and Stowage Cont.

NARRATION: For a domestic vessel engaged in a foreign-going or intercoastal voyage, the responsible person must be an officer possessing an unexpired license issued by the USCG and assigned this duty by the master of the vessel.

For a foreign vessel, the responsible person must be an officer of the vessel assigned this duty by the master of the vessel.


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Preparation of the Vessel

Stowage Locations

NARRATION: Each hold or compartment in which hazardous materials are to be stowed must be free of all debris before the hazardous materials are stowed. Bilges (the lowest space of the ship) must be examined and all residue of previous cargo removed. Additional preparation requirements, including examining the bilge and removing fire hazard debris, can be found in §176.58. The carrier and the master of the vessel are jointly responsible for posting “NO SMOKING” signs in locations when smoking is prohibited by the HMR during the loading, stowing, storing, transportation, or unloading of hazardous materials. Authorized vessel stowage locations can be found in Column 10 of the Hazardous Materials Table in section 172.101. Column 10A specifies the authorized stowage location codes on board cargo and passenger vessels. Column 10B specifies codes for vessel stowage requirements for specific hazardous materials. Column 7 of the HMT specifies codes for special provisions applicable to hazardous materials. The “W” codes only apply to transportation by water. Let's review this information in greater detail next.


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Stowage Locations Column 10A

NARRATION: The following ten stowage categories can be found in column 10A of the HMT: A, B, C, D, E, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05. The codes are defined in §172.101(k). For example, stowage category <Ay> means the material may be stowed “on deck” or “under deck” on a cargo vessel or on a passenger vessel. Section 176.63 sets forth the physical requirements for each of the authorized locations listed in Column 10A as follows:

• On deck means located on the weather deck

• Under the deck means located in a hold or compartment below the weather deck

• Under deck away from heat means located under deck and have built-in means of ventilation

Hazardous materials offered for transport as limited quantities are allocated stowage category A and are not subject to any of the stowage requirements indicated in COLUMN 10B of the HMT.


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Stowage Locations Column 10B

NARRATION: When Column 10B of the HMT refers to a numbered or alpha-numeric stowage provision for water shipments, the meaning and requirements of that provision are set forth in §176.84(b) and in §176.84(c) for explosives.

Terms in quotation marks are defined in §176.83 Segregation. We will review segregation requirements later.

For example, for the entry Corrosive liquid, acidic, inorganic, n.o.s., the following provisions apply: 40, 53, and 58. Their meaning taken from the table of provisions in section 176.84(b) is displayed to the left.


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General Stowage and Handling Requirements

General Stowage Requirements

NARRATION: So far, we have reviewed:

• Supervision of handling and stowage;

• Preparation of the vessel; • and stowage locations. Next, we will review General and material-specific stowage requirements.

Most hazardous materials must be stowed in a manner that will facilitate inspection during the voyage, removal from a potentially dangerous situation, and removal in case of fire (see §176.69 for potential exceptions). The carrier must secure and dunnage packages of hazardous materials to prevent shifting in any direction and brace them so that they are not likely to be pierced or crushed by a superimposed load. Each package marked with the orientation arrows marking, must be stowed as to remain in the position indicated during transportation.


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Material-Specific Stowage Requirements

NARRATION: The material- and vessel-specific stowage requirements include the following:

• Marine pollutants in section 176.74

• Break-bulk hazardous materials in sections 176.72 and 176.74.

• Transport vehicles, freight containers, and portable tanks containing hazardous materials in §176.76.

• And stowage of barges containing hazardous materials on board barge-carrying vessels in §176.77.

Let's briefly review these specific requirements. We discussed marine pollutants in the marking module. The marine pollutant mark is displayed on your screen. Marine pollutants must be properly stowed and secured to minimize the hazards to the marine environment without impairing the safety of the ship and the persons on board. Break-bulk means packages of hazardous materials that are handled individually, palletized, or unitized for purposes of transportation as opposed to bulk and containerized freight.


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Material-Specific Stowage Requirements Cont.

NARRATION: For example, bags, boxes, crates, drums, barrels can be rolled, lifted, or pushed onto a ship or barge.

The regulations in section 176.72 specify handling requirements to protect the integrity of the break-bulk packages; and section 176.74 identifies specific on deck stowage limitations and requirements.

When carrying transport vehicles, freight containers, and portable tanks containing hazardous materials by vessel, additional conditions under section 176.76 must be met.

Section 176.76 outlines the detailed containerized cargo blocking, bracing, dunnage, and stowage requirements for hazardous materials authorized to be transported by vessel in a transport vehicles, freight containers, and portable tanks.

A barge containing hazardous materials may be transported on board a barge-carrying vessel.

Specific “on deck” and “below deck” stowage requirements in section 176.77 must be met to transport a barge containing hazardous materials on board a barge-carrying vessel.


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Segregation

NARRATION: The segregation requirements in section 176.83 apply to all cargo spaces on deck or under deck of all types of vessels and to all cargo transport units.

Segregation is obtained by:

• maintaining certain distances between incompatible hazardous materials

• or by requiring the presence of one or more steel bulkheads (an upright wall)

• or decks between them or a combination of an upright wall and a deck.

Intervening spaces between such hazardous materials may be filled with other cargo that is not incompatible with the hazardous materials. The segregation of hazardous materials stowed together must always be in accordance with the most restrictive requirements for any of the hazardous materials concerned. Additional segregation requirements are indicated by code numbers in Column 10B of the HMT.

The segregation appropriate to the subsidiary hazards must be applied when that segregation is more restrictive than that required by the primary hazard. In addition, two hazardous materials for which any segregation is required may not be stowed in the same cargo transport unit. The general requirements for segregation between the various classes of dangerous goods are shown in the segregation table.


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Segregation Table

NARRATION: To use the General Segregation Table in § 176.83(b), find one class of material in the first column, then find another class in the top row. The intersection of the vertical column and the horizontal row contains a number or symbol that represents the method of segregation that must be used between the two classes. The meaning of the entry in the cell where the materials intersect are as follows: 1-“Away from.” 2-“Separated from.” 3-“Separated by a complete compartment or hold from.” 4-“Separated longitudinally by an intervening complete compartment or hold from. The letter "X"-The segregation, if any, is shown in the §172.101 table Asterisk-See §176.144 of Part 176 for segregation within Class 1.


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Additional Segregation Requirements

NARRATION: We reviewed the General Segregation Requirements table in section 176.83(b) and the meaning of all six entries found in the cell where the materials intersect, which is displayed to the left.

Cargo- and vessel- specific definitions of the segregation terms in General Segregation Table are identified in the following sections:

• Segregation requirements for breakbulk cargo in section 176.83(c).Segregation of cargo transport units on board container vessels in section 176.83(f)

• Segregation of cargo transport units on board trailerships and trainships in section 176.83(g)

• Segregation of containers on board hatchless (open-top) container ships in section 176.83(l)

• Sections 176.83 and 176.84 contain additional segregation requirements and caveats depending on hazard class, packaging, and stowage.

Review these sections in depth should your job function include segregation on a vessel. Remember, two hazardous materials for which any segregation is required may not be stowed in the same cargo transport unit.


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Special Requirements for Ferry Vessels

Special Requirements for Barge Vessels

NARRATION: The requirements in Subpart E of Part 176 are applicable to transport vehicles containing hazardous materials being transported on board ferry vessels and are in addition to any prescribed elsewhere in the HMR. Vessels in a service similar to a ferry service, but not over a designated ferry route, may be treated as a ferry vessel for the purpose of Subpart E of Part 176 if approved in writing by the District Commander. According to section 171.8, ferry vessel means a vessel that is limited in its use to the carriage of deck passengers, or vehicles, or both, operates on a short run on a frequent schedule between two points over the most direct water route, other than in ocean or coastwise service, and is offered as a public service of a type normally attributed to a bridge or tunnel. The requirements in Subpart F of Part 176 are applicable to the transportation of packaged hazardous materials on board barges. The requirements prescribed elsewhere in the HMR for vessels similarly apply to the transportation of packaged hazardous materials on board barges, except as provided in Subpart F of Part 176. Barge means a non-self-propelled vessel.


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Material-Specific Regulations

NARRATION: In addition, there are specific regulations applicable to certain hazardous materials by hazard classification. They are contained in 49 CFR sections 176.100 through 176.907 and include explosives, compressed and poisonous gases, flammable and combustible liquids, poisons, radioactive materials, cotton and other vegetable fibers, and corrosive materials. A complete listing of these sections of the HMR is displayed to the left.


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Summary 1

Summary 2

NARRATION: The regulations for transportation of hazardous materials by vessel are more stringent. Domestic shipments must follow the requirements in 49 CFR, Subchapter C, parts 171, 172, 173, and vessel-specific in part 176. International shipments are covered by the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code, and must conform to all applicable requirements of the HMR. D O T allows the use of the IMDG code for shipments within the United States. Shipments by vessel are unique. One container may have items from several different shippers and each vessel carries several thousand containers.

A vessel may not accept a hazardous material for transport unless they receive proper documentation. Hazardous materials must be accompanied by shipping papers with shipper’s certification. The person responsible for loading a freight container with hazmat for transportation on board a manned vessel must complete a signed certificate and supply it to the carrier or vessel. The carrier must prepare a dangerous cargo manifest, list, or stow plan to include only materials regulated by 49 CFR or IMDG Code. When an accident occurs on board a vessel involving hazardous materials, Immediate and Written Incident Notification, or both, may be required. No later than 12 hours after the occurrence of certain incidents (see §171.15), each person in physical possession of the hazmat must notify the NRC by telephone or online. Select incidents (see §171.16) do not require notifying NRC, but do require an incident report within 30 days of the incident. Incidents that required notification of the NRC also require an incident report to be submitted within 30 days of the incident.


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NARRATION: To maintain safe transportation of hazardous materials by vessel, the stowage and segregation requirements specified in the HMR must be followed. Packages must be blocked, braced, dunnaged, and protected to prevent shifting in any direction and any possible damage according to detailed stowage requirements outlined in Subpart C, Part 176. A responsible person is always assigned a duty to direct and observe handling and stowage of hazardous materials on board a vessel. Hazardous Materials Table in §172.101 provides general vessel stowage requirement codes in

Column 10A and special vessel stowage and segregation requirement codes in Column 10B. The physical stowage locations are defined in §176.63 The general and Cargo- and Vessel-Specific segregation Requirements are defined in the HMR. The general requirements for segregation between the various classes of dangerous goods are shown in the segregation table in section 176.83(b). The general segregation requirements apply to ALL cargo spaces on deck or under deck of all types of vessels and to ALL cargo transport units. Additional segregation requirements for different types of cargo and vessels are further identified in sections 176.83 and 176.84. For example, segregation of containers on board open-top container ships in 176.83(l).

7.0d - carrier requirements —vessel

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