7.04 alternate and sustainable materials in power sector ...€¦ · zero fire history in natural...

Electricity Supply to Africa and Developing Economies: Challenges and Opportunities

Rajaram Shinde

Cargill Industrial specialities

Paper Number: 7.04

Session Number: 7

16 November 2017

Sustainable Alternate material in

Power Sector (Transformer) for

developing countries

Company

Logo (this

slide only)


Outline

� Topic 1

• Introduction to Ester Fluids for transformer application

• Experience

• Fluids développement

• Standards

� Topic 2

• Reason for Utility (GETCO) to adopt sustainable alternatematerial Natural Ester for the Transformers

• Snap-shot of case studies

• Way forward (Monitoring parameters)


Introduction

What is an Ester Dielectric Fluid?

• Dielectric-fluid is fluid used in dieletric application & an ester word comes from chemical linkage of reaction from an alcohols & an acids

• Mainly two types

– Natural Ester-Derived from refined plant seed oils.(Soya, Sunflower)

– Synthetic Ester-Manufactured from acids & alcohols

• All Edible oil may not be used for Dielectric application

• Find balance between properties & sustainable solution


Natural Ester for Transformer Application

Balance between best in class properties & sustainability

• Made from a renewable resource

- >98% vegetable oil

- Carbon neutral*

- Contains no petroleum, halogens, silicones or sulfurs

• Non-toxic, non-hazardous in water and soil

¯ OECD oral and aquatic toxicity test

•Biodegrades in less than 28 days

¯ Ultimately biodegradable - Environmental Protection Agency

(EPA)

• Recyclable


Fluid development & Validation

Laboratory testing

• Measurement of all physical and chemical properties (complete temp. range)

• Material compatibility

• Oxidation stability using numerous methods

• Dielectric tests up to 200mm (1800kV)

Accelerated life testing

• Insulation system life (Real Xmer)

• Lockie Method test (IEEE C57.100)

Transformer (application) testing

• Cold Start tests in cooling chamber

• Internal arcing testing for fire safety


Standards

Natural Esters Mineral Oil

• New Oil ASTM D6871 ASTM D3487

IEC 62770 IEC 60296

• Use and Maintenance IEEE C57.147 IEEE C57.106

IEC 60422

• Transformers IEEE C57.12.00 IEEE C57.12.00

IEC 60076… IEC 60076…IEEE C57.154 IEEE C57.154IEC 60076-14 IEC 60076-14

• Loading Guide IEC 60076-7 IEC 60076-7

• Dissolved Gases IEEE C57.155 IEEE C57.104

IEC 60599

Fire: FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets, IEC 61936-1 Power installations exceeding 1 kV a.c. IEC 60695-1-40


Fire Point a most critical factor in transformer fire hazard

�Zero fire history in natural ester fluid filled transformers*

�Natural ester dielectric fluid fire point = 360oC

�UL Classified and FM Approved*

�Eliminate deluge systems and fire walls

�Reduced clearances

Underwriters Laboratories Classified

Less Flammable Fluid

Factory Mutual Research Corporation Approved

Less Flammable Fluid

FM

Fire wall

Natural ester

simplified

border

Mineral oil

containment and

suppression rocks

Mineral oil transformerNatural ester fluid transformer

Automatic fire

suppression system

Building

Reduced

clearance

8


Pre-requisites of GETCO

Utility has standard questions before adopting any new technology…..

1. What is Natural esters proven experience & up to whichvoltage class? (Global)

2. Local experience of natural ester & highest voltage class? (India)

3. Any local utility adopted this technology?

4. What will happen if any leak or puncture of aircell in conservator? (Lot heard about oxydation)

5. Can On Load Tap changer be with Natural ester?

6. What about Long term supply reliability?

7. What is the Utility Value Proposition?


Experience in Highest voltage class

Characteristic Value

Rated Voltage 420 kV

Rated Power 300 MVA

Performance 180 / 300 / 400 MVA

Ratio 405 ± 11% / 115 / 22 kV

Cooling KNAN / KDAF1 / KDAF2

Liquid Soy-Based Natural Ester

AC Insulation Level 630 kV

Lightning Impulse Insulation Level 1425 kV

Switching Impulse Insulation Level 1050 kV

Operating Weight 400 ton

Liquid Capacity 97 ton


Experience in Local Market (India)

Tata

25-30MVA 33/11kV Commissioned in

June’15

(Total 50plus)

Torrent

20MVA 33/11kV Commissioned in

June’16

(Total 40plus)

T&R

75MVA 145kV manufactured in

Sept’ 2015

(Total mfd200plus)


Free Breathing Reactor case

A 145kV / 11.4 MVAr reactor in service for 7+ years at rated load and free-breathing.

• Installation deviation resulted in free breathing condition• Acidity & Tgδ were trigger for case study• Location: Brazil/Peru/Bolivia• High temperature & moisture


Indian Utilities adopting Natural Ester

• Natural ester usage in India started since 2000 with few distribution transformers

• Few retrofill pilot projects were implemented by privateUtility

• Accelarated adoption started since 2012 with Utilities like� Tata

� NDPL

� Torrent

� KPTCL

� BESCOM

� CESC

� BEST


Tap Changer with Natural Ester

Tap changer is only moving part in transformer & needs to beevaluated from all perspective.

• Impulse behavior in Uniform & Non-uniform

• Compatibility with Material

• Reaction with Contact

• Lubrication property

• Gassing tendancy

• Switching Time

• Viscosity


Supply Reliability

• Local manufacturing

• Raw material supply sustainability

• Cost stability

• After sales support

• Technical assistance

• Quality Consistency


Value proposition (Increase life, load-ability or Both)

High temperature insulation system standard (IEEE C57.154 or IEC 60076-14)

� Current Kraft (cellulose) standard 95oC hot spot with 55 AWR limits transformer capability & (TUK)standard 110oC hot spot with 65 AWR limits transformer capability

� Natural ester fluid-based insulation systems can be run 15oC (Kraft) & 20oC (TUK) warmer without degrading life

� Design new transformers smaller with same or more load capability

� Existing transformers can be upgraded to provide overload capability

High temperature curve based on standard Kraft (cellulose) paper

High temperature curve based on thermally upgraded Kraft (TUK) paper


GETCO case study high lights (20MVA, 66KV)

• Details evaluation of technology

• Development of specifications

• Standard tendering process

• Monitoring manufacturing

• FAT-Including heat run test as per high temp

standard IEC 60076 part 14.

• Evaluate increase rating (sustainable peak almost

30MVA at KNAN class 130)

• Parameters to be monitored


GETCO (Installation close to building)


Specifications

Sr.No. Technical Specification Rating

1 Rated Power 15 MVA, Three Phase

2 Voltage Ratio 66/11.55 kV

3 Rated Frequency 50 Hz

4 Vector Group Dyn11

5 % Impedance at rated tap 9.5 %

6 Voltage Regulation + 15 % to – 5.0 % in steps of 1.25% on HV for LV variation VFVV mode

7 Cooling Type KNAN

8 Temperature Rise ºC 35 Oil, 45 Winding

9BIL LI (kVp) One minute PF voltage (kVrms)

HV - 350, LV - 90 HV - 140, LV - 30

10 Guaranteed losses No Load loss : 9.50 kW Maximum Load loss : 51.0 kW Maximum


• Service guideline (Stainless steel instruction plate riveted)

• Insulation Resistance & PI

• Breakdown Voltage

• Thermography

• Tan delta

• Viscosity

• Acidity

• DGA

Parameter monitored


Thank You

Rajaram Shinde

+919765410104

[email protected]

Global Technology Adviser

Dielectric fluids-Cargill Industrial specialities

Member IEEE, Cigre WG D1.68,

Represent NC India in IEC TC10, TC14 & TC96

7.04 alternate and sustainable materials in power sector ...€¦ · zero fire history in natural...

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