702131/702831 european architecture a · scala ra 89(1973) t b l webster, hellenistic art (london...
TRANSCRIPT
702131/702831 European Architecture Ap
RavennaRavenna
COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIACopyright Regulations 1969
Warning
This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of the University of Melbourne pursuant to Part
VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act).
The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further copying or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protectionmaterial by you may be the subject of copyright protection
under the Act.
do not remove this notice
the ancient world in AD 420the ancient world in AD 420Colin McEvedy, The Penguin Atlas of
Medieval History(Harmondsworth [Middlesex] 1966 [1961]), p 19
major late antique and early Byzantine sites on the AdriaticMiles Lewis
Palace of DiocletianPalace of DiocletianPalace of DiocletianPalace of Diocletian
Palace of Diocletian at Spalato (Split) c 300Palace of Diocletian at Spalato (Split), c 300reconstruction ærial view by Ernest Hébrard
E Hébrard and J Zeiller, Spalato, le Palais de Dioclétien, Paris, 1912
Palace of Diocletian, Spalato, c 300: sectionRobert Adam, Ruins of the Palace of the emperor Diocletian at Spalatro in Dalmatia (London 1764)
Diocletian's Palace, Split:
plan
after Altet, Early Middle Ages, p 189
Peristyle, Palace of Diocletian, Split, c 300-306
view, detail of the arcading, elevation of the side as in c 300
MUAS 12,614Country Life, CLIV, 3984 (1 November 1973), p 1330
Palace of Diocletian, the Porta Aurea orPorta Aurea or north gateway: reconstruction
viewview
A l B ëthi & J B W dAxel Boëthius & J B Ward-Perkins, Etruscan and Roman Architecture
(Harmondsworth [Middl ] 1970) 528[Middlesex] 1970), p 528
flat arches withflat arches with joggled voussoirs
fPalace of Diocletian, the Porta Aurea or
north gateway,
the Andron, Deir Si'man, Syria,?5th , y ,
century
R J Mainstone, Developments in Structural Form (Cambridge [Massachusetts] 1975), p 41
Miles Lewis
the Christian Adriaticthe Christian Adriatic
major late antique and early Byzantine sites on the AdriaticMiles Lewis
Salona-Marusinac
Anastasius Basilica, atrium and mausoleum of St
A t i l C5th ithAnastasius, early C5th, with precinct to the north added in
426: reconstruction view
Richard Krautheimer, Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture [Pelican History of Art]
(Harmondsworth [Middlesex] 1965), p 137
Mausoleum of St Anastasius, Salona-MarusinacSalona Marusinac
ground floor and upper plansmodel
André Grabar, The Beginnings of Christian Art(London 1967 [1966]),, p 65
Jean Lassus, The Early Christian and Byzantine World (London 1967), p 45
the Urban Basilica, Salona, C4thMiles Lewis
the Urban Basilica and cruciform church, Salona, C4thMiles Lewis
district of the bishop's palace,
Salona, C4th onwards
Grabar, The Beginnings of Christian Art, p 182, p
major late antique and early Byzantine sites on the AdriaticMiles Lewis
baptistery
basilicaatrium
baptistery
basilicaatrium
Cathedral at Porec (Parenzo), Istria, 525-43Krautheimer, Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture, p 197
Cathedral at Porec: apse and synthrononCathedral at Porec: apse and synthrononMiles Lewis
Cathedral at Porec: apse conch mosaicCathedral at Porec: apse conch mosaicMiles Lewis
Cathedral at Porec: chancel rail; nave arcadingMiles Lewis
major late antique and early Byzantine sites on the AdriaticMiles Lewis
Cathedral or Basilica of St
E f i G dEufemia, Grado, 571-9
Miles Lewis
Cathedral or Basilica of St E f i G dSt Eufemia, Grado,
571-9
Giandomenico Romanelli [ed], Venice Art and Architecture (2 vols Cologne 1997) I facing pvols, Cologne 1997) I, facing p
34
Cathedral St Eufemia Grado: nave arcadingCathedral St Eufemia, Grado: nave arcadingMiles Lewis
Cathedral St Eufemia, Grado: nave arcadingMiles Lewis
major late antique and early Byzantine sites on the AdriaticMiles Lewis
Ravennathe late classical periodp
THE BASILICA URSIANA & ORTHODOX BAPTISTERY& ORTHODOX BAPTISTERY
SANTA CROCESANTA CROCE & THE MAUSOLEUM OF GALLA PLACIDIA
the cathedralthe cathedral complex Ravenna
Basilica Ursiana, C4th
OOrthodox Baptistery,c 400 & 450
il l tcampanile, later
Spiro Kostof, The Orthodox Baptistery of Ravenna (Yale
University Press New HavenUniversity Press, New Haven [Connecticut] 1965), fig 12
Baptistery of the Orthodox or Baptistery of Neon, Ravenna,c 400 dome c 450 consecrated 458 upper walls laterc 400, dome c 450, consecrated 458, upper walls later
Kostof, The Orthodox Baptistery, figs 1 & 2
Orthodox Baptistery,Ravennna
Miles Lewis
Orthodox Baptistery: elevation and section
Kostof, The Orthodox Baptistery, figs 1 & 2
Orthodox BaptisteryOrthodox Baptistery
interior
Giuseppe Bovini [revised W F Gaddoni], Ravenna: Art and History (Ravenna
1991), p 112), p
Orthodox Baptistery, a niche with marble & porphyry revetmentMiles Lewis
Orthodo BaptisterOrthodox Baptistery, capitals from the lower level (presumably of c
450)450)
Miles Lewis
Orthodox Baptistery details of a ground floor archMiles Lewis
Orthodox Baptistery
detail of aediculaedetail of aediculae, second level
Miles Lewis
O th d B ti t ll d ti d t f dOrthodox Baptistery: upper wall decoration and part of domeBovini, Ravenna, p 109
Orthodox Baptistery
detail of the outer ring of the dome showing an altar with
the gospel of St Johng p
reconstruction of the architecture
K t f Th O th d B ti t fiKostof, The Orthodox Baptistery, figs 64 & 65
Orthodox Baptisteryreconstruction of the architecture of the outer ring of the dome
Kostof, The Orthodox Baptistery, figs 64 & 65
Orthodox Baptistery
the dome
MUAS 15,621
Orthodox Baptistery: detail of the baptismp y pJames MacDonald, Sacred Destinations
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-battistero-neoniano.htm
Orthodox Baptistery
d t il f th d &detail of the dome & diagram showing the
hollow pot construction
Kostof, The Orthodox BaptisteryF W Deichmann, Ravenna: Haupstadt des SpätantikenHaupstadt des Spätantiken
Abendlandes vol II, Kommentar, 1 (Wiesbaden 1974), pl 19
Orthodox Baptistery
plan of a course of potsplan of a course of pots
detail of the junction of the dome with the earlier and later brick wallwith the earlier and later brick wall
Kostof, The Orthodox Baptistery
Santa Croce, Ravenna, c 425
reconstruction plan & view of the church and the linked Mausoleum of
Galla Placidia
H Smith, 'Form and Function of the Side Chambers of Fifth and Sixth Century Churches in yRavenna', Journal of the Society of Architectural
Historians, XLIX, 2 (June 1990), p 184Krautheimer, Early Christian and Byzantine
Architecture, p 136, p
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Ravenna, c 425Miles Lewis
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: detail of the brickworkMiles Lewis
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: isometric diagramHenry Stierlin, Encyclopædia of World Architecture (2 vols, London 1977), I, p 105
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
interior looking south
Bovini, Ravenna, p 15
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: underside of the domephoto: James Macdonald.
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-mausoleum-of-galla-placidia.htm
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: detail with the Good Shepherd mosaicphoto: James Macdonald.
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-mausoleum-of-galla-placidia.htm
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: the Good Shepherd MosaicLassus, The Early Christian and Byzantine World, p 5
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: the St Lawrence MosaicLassus, Early Christian and Byzantine World, p 54
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: St Peter & St Paul from the upper lunette of the south armScala 7617(1973)
detail of the Sts Peter & Paul mosaic Mausoleum of Gallamosaic, Mausoleum of Galla Placidia: tazza with doves, c
AD 425
Villa Adriana, Tivoli: dove mosaic now in the Capitolinemosaic, now in the Capitoline
Museum, Rome: AD C2nd, but copied from an original of
c 170 BCc 170 BC
Scala RA 89(1973)T B L Webster, Hellenistic Art (London 1967
[1966]), p 103
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
mosaic patterns
Scala RA 90 (1973); RA 152 [RA 11] (1973)[RA 11] (1973)
Ravennathe Gothic periodp
SANT’ APOLLINARE NUOVO
ARIAN BAPTISTERY
MAUSOLEUM OF THEODORIC
the Mediterranean world in AD 476McEvedy, Atlas of Medieval History, p 23
Sant’ Apollinare Nuovo (originally S Martin in Coelo) 490Sant Apollinare Nuovo (originally S Martin in Coelo), 490
Scala RA 151(1974)
Sant’ Apollinare Nuovo: detail of the arcading: the calling of Peter & Andrew, north side, with a detail of the fishMiles Lewis; MUAS 15,637, 15,638
Sant’ Apollinare NuovoSant Apollinare Nuovo
the south wall
detail of the Betrayal from the upper register
Lassus, The Early Christian and Byzantine World, pl 32
MUAS 15,638MUAS 15,638
Sant’ Apollinare Nuovo: detail of the Palace of Theodoric from the south wallSant Apollinare Nuovo: detail of the Palace of Theodoric, from the south wallScala RA 55 (1973)
Sant’ Apollinare NuovoSant Apollinare Nuovothe south wall
MUAS 15,638
Sant’ Apollinare Nuovo, the north wall, with details of the Magi and the Virgin & Child
MUAS 4,218 ; public domain photo, Sacred Destinations, http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-st-apollinare-
nuovo.htm; René Huyghe [ed], Larousse Encyclopedia of Byzantine and Mediaeval Art (London 1963 [Paris 1958]), facing p 17
the Arian Baptistery (now the Oratory of Sta Mariathe Oratory of Sta Maria
in Cosmedin), C6th
view & planview & plan
Miles LewisMiles LewisCorrado Ricci, Romanesque
Architecture in Italy (London 1925), p viii
the Arian B ti tBaptistery
dome
Bovini, Ravenna, p 54
detail of the Arian Baptistery domePhoto: Sean Lee Sacred Destinations
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-arian-baptistery.htm
Mausoleum of Theodoric, ,Ravenna, c 526
view & drawingsg
Scala (1974)Cecil Stewart Early Christian ByzantineCecil Stewart, Early Christian, Byzantine
and Romanesque Architecture [Simpson's History of Architectural Development]
(London 1954 [1905/8]), p 62
M l f Th d iMausoleum of Theodoric
a conjectural reconstruction
Verzone, Theodoric to Charlemagne, p 58
Mausoleum of Theodoric, section & cutaway isometricJudith McKenzie The Architecture of Alexandria and Egypt c 300 BC to AD 700 (New Haven [Connecticut]Judith McKenzie, The Architecture of Alexandria and Egypt c. 300 BC to AD 700 (New Haven [Connecticut]
2007), p 349; Auguste Choisy, Histoire de l’Architecture (2 vols, Gauthier-Villars, Paris 1899), II, p 74
Mausoleum of Theodoricelevation & view of arches with joggled joints
V I Atroshenko & Judith Collins, The Origins of the Romanesque (Woodstock [New York] 1985), p 18Miles Lewis
joggled joints at the Mausoleum of Theodoric; theMausoleum of Theodoric; the Andron, Deir Siman, Syria,
C6th; and the main gate of the Palace of Diocletian, Spalato, c , p ,
300
Miles LewisR J Mainstone, Developments in Structural
Form (Cambridge [Massachusetts] 1975), p 41
the monolithic archarch
Mausoleum of Theodoric, c 526526
windows in the upper level
Church of Sitt-er-Rum, Syria, C6th
windows in the chancel archwindows in the chancel arch
Miles Lewis
Mausoleum of Theodoricmore details
Miles Lewis
RavennaRavennathe Byzantine periodthe Byzantine period
SAN VITALE
‘PALACE OF THE EXARCHS’‘PALACE OF THE EXARCHS’
the Mediterranean world in 528(just after the death of Theodoric, 526)
McEvedy, Atlas of Medieval History, p 25
the Mediterranean world in 562
McEvedy, Atlas of Medieval History, p 31
brickwork detail frombrickwork detail from San Vitale, Ravenna
Mil L iMiles Lewis
S Vitale, Ravenna, c 530-,
548
Miles Lewis
S Vitale
interior viewswith later redecoration
except in the chancel lowerexcept in the chancel, lower foreground
photo © Paradoxplace.com. Sacred Destinations
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-san-y
vitale.htmScala, RA 154 (1972)
formeratrium
SSan Vitale, plan
Smith, 'Side Chambers', p 184
HH Sergios &HH Sergios & Bakchos
San Vitale
Swift, Roman Sources,p 46
Smith 'SideSmith, 'Side Chambers', p 184
San Vitalecolumns and capitals in the
chancel
Scala, RA 155 (1973); RA 82 (1974)
San Vitalecolumns and capitals in thecolumns and capitals in the
chancel
Scala, RA 155 (1973); RA 82 (1974)
G d
Byzantine capitalsByzantine capitalsGrado
PorecPorec
Hagia Sophia San Vitale
San Vitale: the chancel or presbyteryScala, RA 63 (1972); Lewis, Architectura, p 23
San Vitale: vaulting of the chancel and apsephoto by Kim Unertl Sacred Destinations http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-san-vitale.htm
San Vitale: upper part of chancel and apsephoto by Amelie Sacred Destinations http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-san-vitale.htm
San Vitale
left side of theleft side of the chancel
MUAS 15,616,
San Vitale: Justinian with Bishop Maximianus, left side of the apseanonymous, Sacred Destinations http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-san-vitale.htm
San Vitale: Theodora and her court, right side of the apseBovini, Ravenna, p 28
San Vitale: detail of Theodoraphoto © Paradoxplace.com Sacred Destinations http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-san-vitale.htm
San Vitale: lunette on the left side of the chancel, with the mosaic of the hospitality of Abraham and the sacrifice of Isaac
Bovini, Ravenna, p 36
San Vitale
left side of the chancel
Scala, RA 161 (1972)
San Vitalepresbytery vault, and detail of
the Agnus Dei
MUAS 15,615Bovini, Ravenna, p 39
San Vitale half-dome of the apse: mosaic of Christ between angels andSan Vitale, half dome of the apse: mosaic of Christ between angels and saints, with a model of the church
Bovini, Ravenna, p 35
San Vitale: longitudinal section
Lassus, The Early Christian and Byzantine World, p 75
Palace of Diocletian, the Porta Aurea th t t ti ior north gateway: reconstruction view
'Palace of the Exarchs' ['CalchiPalace of the Exarchs [ Calchi Palace'], Ravenna, possibly C6th
Axel Boëthius & J B Ward-Perkins, Etruscan and Roman Architecture (Harmondsworth [Middlesex] 1970), p 528
Ed A Longo, Ravenna, Rip Vietata
'Palace of the Exarchs' ['Calchi Palace'], Ravenna, possibly C6thEd A Longo, Ravenna, Rip Vietata
'Palace of the Exarchs‘
view & plan
Ricci, Romanesque Architecture in Italy, pl xiv
‘Palace of the Exarchs’: detailMiles Lewis
the Mediterranean world in 737
McEvedy, Atlas of Medieval History, p 39