7 3seriesandparallelcircuits-121230035045-phpapp01
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 7: Electricity
Part 3: Series and Parallel Circuits
Series CircuitsWhen two or more resistors
Connected one end after another
To form a single path for current flow
Series CircuitsPotential difference from the
battery is shared
Therefore each bulb glows dimly
Series Circuits
Current flow of each bulb is same
Therefore brightness of each bulb is the same
Series CircuitsThe circuit is broken when one bulb
is removed
And the other bulbs go out as well
Parallel CircuitsAll components are connected
With their corresponding ends joined together
To form separate and parallel paths for current flow
Parallel CircuitsEach bulb is connected directly to the battery
Thus each bulb glows brightly
Because each bulb gets the full potential difference
Parallel Circuits
Each bulb has a higher brightness
Than each bulb in a series circuit
Parallel CircuitsThe circuit remains unbroken
If one bulb is removed
So the other two bulbs will remain to work
Compare the Circuits’ CurrentSeries Circuit
A1 A2
X Y
3 Ω 1 ΩCurrent has only one path to flow
Reading on A1 = Reading on A2
Same current flows through each resistors
Parallel Circuit
Current splits into different paths
Reading on A = Reading on A1 + A2
Main current is shared between the two resistors
1 Ω
A1
A2
X
Y
3 Ω
A
Compare the Circuits’ Potential Difference
Series Circuit
Reading on V = Reading of V1 + V2
Potential Difference is shared by the two resistors
Parallel Circuit
Reading on V1 = Reading on V2
Potential difference is the same across each resistor
V1
V2
X
Y
3 Ω
1 ΩV1 V2
X Y
3 Ω 1 Ω
V
Compare the CircuitsSeries Circuit
When one bulb has blown up
The other bulb would not be able to light up
Parallel Circuit
When one bulb has blown up
The other bulb can still light up
Compare the CircuitsSeries Circuit
Dimmer bulbs
Less voltage across each bulb
Parallel Circuit
Brighter bulbs
Higher voltage across each bulb
Less current pass through each bulb Larger current pass through each bulb
Determining Effective ResistanceSeries Circuit
𝐼=𝐼 1=𝐼 2= 𝐼3
Parallel Circuit
𝐼=𝐼 1+𝐼 2+ 𝐼3
𝐼=𝐼 1=𝐼 2= 𝐼3
1𝑅1
+1𝑅2
+1𝑅3
=1𝑅
R1 R2 R3I1 I2 I3
V1 V2 V3
I
V
R1 V1 R2 V2 R3 V3
I
I1 I2 I3
V
Current
Potential Difference
Resistance