Schriftenreihe,,Nachwachsende Rohstoffe"

Band 14

6th Symposium onRenewable Resources

and 4th European Symposium onIndustrial Crops and Products

UB/TIB Hannover120 058 367

89

1999Landwirtschaftsverlag GmbH

D-48165 Miinster

Table of contents

Table of contents UNIVER6:1 ATbSiBUOTHEKHANNO/QR

TECHNISCHEINFORMATION - ,B;3UOTH£K

H. DerksenIntroduction T— 17

R. GeroldEU research policy in renewable biomaterialsand its role in a sustainable future 22

H. WulffCurrent use of, and prospects for, renewable raw materialsin the chemical industry 24

K.-H. FunkeThe role of renewable resources in German politics 27

L. WillmitzerModulating metabolism in transgenic plants -new approaches towards renewable resources -.. 29

H. ]. P. Marvin, et al.Vegetable oils with specific fatty acids (VOSFA) 31

R. G. F. VisserModification of storage starch content and composition in plants:Problems and perspectives 34

C. WandeltOilseed research focused on functional products: The productionand market constraints 37

A. SteinbuchelMicrobial polyesters:A complex class of polymers from in vivo and in vitro processes 44

I. Schellenberg, K. Kabrodt, G. SchnuberThe use of agriculturally produced raw materials for producingfruit acids and tanning and colouring agents 46

A. HoflandAlkyd resins, a class of millenium-proof paint binders 56

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S. Z. ErhanVegetable oil based printing inks for sheetfed andheatset applications and their environmental properties 59

G. A. M. van der Walk, G. } . H. Buisman, F. P. Cuperus, G. Eggink,L. A. de Graaf, R. A. WeusthuisEnvironmentally friendly coatings and paintsfrom renewable resources 60

/. Wegner, ]. KleinRenewable raw materials in adhesives 62

Ae. de GrootChemicals from plants, a growing solution? 64

S. PalmieriGlucosinolates a source of novel bio-active formulations 65

G. Wulff, S. Stalberg, S. Bellmann, A. Brock, H. Schmidt, L. ZhuSurface-modified polymers from vinyl sugars with strongheparin-like activity 76

M. Capderou, P. PaleNon-food utilisation of co-products derived from the sugar industry:Selective esterification of aldonolactones 79

A. Behler, H.-C. RathsNew oleochemical surfactants 81

/. LegrandPerforming oleochemicals in oils markets 82

P. S. Wightman, R. M. Eavis, K. C. Walker, S. E. Batchelor, S. P. CarruthersA comparative LCA of hydraulic lubricants madefrom mineral oil and rapeseed oil 84

S. Warwel, M. Rtisch gen. Klaas and R. GrotheyLipase-catalyzed conversions with diethyl and dimethyl carbonatein oleochemistry 93

S. Lang, E. Vollbrecht, Y. Yuan and U. RauUse of vegetable oils for microbial biosurfactantand lipase production 106

P. Colonna, D. Lourdin and G. Delia ValleBiopolymers: From biochemistry to materials science 118

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L. de Graaf, W. Mulder, P. RoisterProtein potential for non-food products 120

T. Lotzbeyer, R. Wiesmann and K. LoscheWheat proteins - A source for innovative biodegradable materials 129

N. Mundigler and B. HerbingerSheets and parts from wheat gluten 131

L. Paavilainen and } . TulppalaTailor-made production technology for high-quality Phalaris pulp 138

T. HeinzeNew ionic polymers by cellulose functionalization 150

S. Jacobsen, H.-G. Fritz, P. Degee, P. Dubois and R. JeromeNew developments on the ring opening polymerisationof Polylactide 160

R. VilletHigher margin products -a road to prosperity in agriculture 178

Poster

H. SankariLinseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivars for seedand fibre production in Finland 179

K. RichterLactic acid production from Jerusalem artichoke tubers 181

/. Baert and E. van BockstaeleHeritability of bolting sensitivity, fresh root weight, inulin contentand inulin chain length of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) 188

M. Patel, ]. KorellBiomass for ethylene production or for electricity generation? -A comparative assessment for CO2 emissions 195

G. Engqvist, K. Koch, R. AnderssonThe yield and quality of inulin from chicory cultivated in Sweden 199

A. J. Haverkort and R. ]. F. van HarmQuantitative approaches in the starch potato production chain 201

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D. BorjesdotterCultivation of a winter hardypotential oilcrop: Lepidium campestre 203

K. AitzetmullerUnusual seed oil fatty acids in the plant kingdom 205

G. Fila, C. Maestrini, F. Fontana, F. GovoniEvaluating fibre flax varieties in the Po Valley, Northern Italy 219

M. Klaus and T. TroegelImportance and control of weeds, fungal diseases and insect pestswith crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst. ex R. E. Fries) 225

T. Troegel and M. KlausThe cultivation of crambe for the production of erucic acid 233

P. Ranalli, G. Mandolino, G. Grassi, A. Carboni and A. MoschellaAdvances of biotechnological approaches in hemp breeding 243

U. Oberdoerster and L. AdamEvening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.) -a potential new crop in Brandenburg 249

M. Rinaldi, V. RizzoWater use efficiency in yield, biomass and oil productionof sunflower (Helianthus annuus 1.) cropped in South Italy 253

M. Konermann, ]. Maier and R. VetterHemp, high oleic sunflower and winter linseed—alternative cropsfor industrial raw materials 266

S. Amaducci, M. T. Amaducci, R. Benati, G. VenturiCrop yield and quality parameters of 4 annual fibre crops(Hemp, Kenaf, Maize and Sorghum) in the North of Italy 269

H. C. MollGreening the material production by agriculture? 274

P. Burghart, J. EvrardCalendula oil production on the pilot scale 279

M. A. Froment, ]. Smith and K. FreemanInfluence of environmental and agronomic factorscontributing to increased levels of phospholipidsin oil from UK linseed Linum usitatissimum 280

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C. Webb and R. WangThe development of a process for the production of a universalcereal-based fermentation medium 291

K. Jakob, A. Bramm, G. Riihl, I. WilligmannField establishment of Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Schultz Bip.,a herbal remedy for migraine 307

P. C. Struik, S. Amaducci, M. J. Bullard, N. C. Stutterheim,G. Venturi and H. T. H. CromackAgronomy of fibre hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in Europe 318

H. Feil, J. J. G. van SoestStable nanoparticle technology: new opportunitiesfor starch applications 324

H. Jalink, R. van der Schoor and R. J. BinoChlorophyll fluorescence of seeds as a new non-destructivemarker for seed maturity and oil quality 326

D. Dierig, D. Ray, T. Coffelt, F. Nakayama and G. LeakeHeritability of rubber, latex, resin, plant biomass and heightinGuayule 327

V. Guberac, J. Martincic, S. Marie and D. BanajQuality of soybean (Glycine max L.) and fodder peas (Pisum arvense L.)seeds after five years hermetic storage 329

L. G. Angelini, M. Macchia, I. Morelli, G. FlaminiAgronomic characteristics and quantitative analysis of steviosidein Stevia Rebaudiana Bert. A new source of sweet compounds 331

M. Cruccu, L. Cella, M. Poddie, S. Pace, A. Colosimo, L. Cappelletto et al.From agro raw materials to industrial products: kenaf, an example ofintegrated and multidisciplinary project in Sardina (Italy) 333

L. C. Alonso et. al.Brassica Carinata: The outset of a new crop for biomassand industrial non-food oil: Results of the first year of activity 335

N. C. Stutterheim, S. Amaducci, G. Gorchs Altarriba, H. SankariQuantified framework for Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) productionthroughout Europe as tool to fine-tune crop component quantityand quality 337

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F. S. Maalouf, M. J. Suso and M. T. MorenoOutcrossing rate in the prediction of the synthetic valuein partially allogamous crops 342

E. Alexopoulou, M. Christou, M. Mardikis and A. ChatziathanassiouGrowth and yields of kenaf varieties in central Greece 346

M. Christou, M. Mardikis, E. Alexopoulou, C. Zafiris, D. Papavassiliouand A. ChatziathanassiouMiscanthus growing experience in Greece 356

F. Hb'ppner and U. Menge-HartmannEvaluation of different European hemp cultivars 368

R. Bauer and F. Grafvom Hagen-PlettenbergInfluence of harvesting and processing of Echinacea purpureaaerial parts on alkamide and cichoric acid levelsin expressed juice preparations 373

/. Olejniczak, E. AdamskaAdaptation of Cuphea oil plant to polish climatic condition 375

M. Andersen and P. KielLactic acid as a central chemical compound in an integratedutilisation of grass, clover and alfalfa in the green biorefinery 381

W. Ltihs, J. Han, A. Grdfin zu Munster, D. Weier, W. Friedt, F.P. Wolter,and M. FrentzenBioassembly of trierucin in industrial rapseed (Brassica napus L.) 390

W. Liihs and W. FriedtCommercial production of high-oleic sunflower in Germanyfor industrial purposes 401

R. Baetzel, W. Friedt and W. LuhsYellow-seeded high-erucic acid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)as a source of improved industrial raw materials 407

H. Mooibroek and K. CornishComplementary, molecular approaches to study and improvepoly-isoprene and rubber biosynthesis 413

T. A. McKeon, Jiann-Tsyh Lin and A. E. StaffordBiosynthesis of industrial-use fatty acid and their incorporationin seed oil 415

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R. Boehm, S. Sommer, Shu-Ming Li and L. HeideGenetic engineering of shikonin biosynthesis: Transformation ofLithospermum erythrorhizon with the bacterial ubiA gene 417

F. D. Goffman, L. Velasco and H. C. BeckerGamma-linolenic acid and vitamin E contentof 36 Boraginaceae species 419

/. ZubrIndustrial exploitation of products from Camelina Sativa 426

D. /. Gielen , T. Gerlagh, A. J. M. Bos, M. A. P. C. de FeberBiomass for greenhouse gas emission REDuction (BRED) 428

M. Proto, S. Supino, O. MalandrinoCotton: A flow cycle to exploit 432

R. Peschers, M. Grafschmidt and R. VetterINARO—Information system for renewable raw materials 438

N. D. Diamantidis and E. G. KoukiosTowards an optimisation of bioproducts from agriculturalfeedstocks for CO2 emission reduction in Western Europei. Raw materials assessment 440

H. Bewa and A. BesnardThe advantages of using different lignocellulosic and herbaceouscrops for producing non food biomass 454

F. P. Bejosano and H. CorkProperties of protein concentrates and hydrolysates fromAmaranthus and buckwheat 456

R. A. Holser, C. J. Carriere, J. S. Park and T. P. AbbottRheological characterization of jet-cooked Lesauerella fendleriseed gum and cornstarch solutions 457

B. Wesslen and B.WesslenHydrophobic starch derivatives 464

H. /. Falkena, H. C. Moll, F. P. Cuperus, G. A. M. van der WalkEnvironmental life cycle assessment of epoxidized linseed oiland TGIC (Triglycidylisocyanurate), applied as crosslinkersin powder coatings 466

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M. J. Pascual-Villalobos, M. FernandezInsecticidal activity of ethanolic extracts of Urginea maritima (L.)Baker bulbs 470

T. P. Abbott, R. A. Holser, B. J. Plattner, R. D. Plattner and H. C. PurcellPilot-scale isolation of simmondsin and related jojoba constituents 480

S. Galletti, O. Leoni, R. Iori and S. PalmieriWoad (Isatis tinctoria 1.) leaves: a source of glucobrassicin 481

D. L. Orihuela, U. Kienle, J. D. Borrero, D. Gallardo, J. PalazonStevia rebaudiana—a green revolution 486

H. Thielking, W. Koch, V. Gutberlet, J. Miiller, T. Rose and K.-D. VorlopMicrocapsules for biological pest control 488

B. Matthdus and J. ZubrNutritive and antinutritive compounds in seeds and cakeof Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz 489

O. Leoni, R. Iori, S. Palmieri, D. Gueyrard and P. RollinCrambe meal as source of chirality: Production of enantiopureepi-goitrin derivatives 497

C. Roselli, B. Perly, S.Cassel, P. Rollin, R. Iori, L. Manici and S. PalmieriMoringa okifera presscake: a glucosinolate sourcefor novel bio-active formulations 499

M. G. Bernardo-Gil, I. Lopes, R. Oliveira, L. SimdoNatural antioxidants from Quercus rotundifolia acorn 501

E. Hecker and R. GminskiOccupational toxicology in novel industrial crops of wild-typespecies of the spurge (Euphorbiaceae) family 514

R. Gminski, S. Sosath and E. HeckerSkin irritant and tumor promoting diterpene esters in seed oilof the innovative industrial crop Euphorbia lagascae SPRENG 517

K. Welter, T. Willke, K.-D. VorlopProduction of itaconic acid by LentiKats 520

L. Lazzeri, L. M. Manici, O. Leoni, G. Baruzzi and S. PalmieriGlucosinolates containing plants as a possible alternativeto methyl bromide 522

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P. Wittlich, M. Schlieker, J. Lutz, C. Reimann, Th. Willke and K.-D. VorlopBioconversion of glycerol to 1,3-propanediol by LentiKats® 524

M. Keskitalo, E. Pehu, J. E SimonVariation in volatile compounds extracted from tansy(Tanacetum vulgare L.) flower heads 533

G. C. H. Derksen, T. A. van Beek, A. Capelle and Ae. de GrootInfluence of different isolation methods on the composition ofanthraquinones in madder root extract (Rubia tinctorum L.) 535

E. L M. Van Rozendaal, H. Veldhuis, P. H. Beusker and T. A. Van BeekExtraction, isolation and analysis of taxine alkaloidsfrom yew needles 539

U. Eggers, R. Filbrich, I. NebelInnovation in colours 543

N. Giry-Panaud, S. Porwanski, P. Salanski, G. Descotes,A. Bouchu and Y. QueneauReversible functionalisation of unprotected sucrose by acetalationwith activated carbonyl compounds 546

E. Pittenauer and J. BailerTriacylglycerol composition of industrial oils by HPLC and MS 548

S. Z. Erhan and S. AsadauskasLubricant basestocks from chemically modified vegetable oils 557

D. Kampf, R. Daenicke and H. BohmeSuitability of crambe pressed cake and extracted oil mealin rations for pigs and dairy cows 568

M. WernerRapeseed oil for use in a hydraulic system 573

C. Moreau, R. Durand, F. Alies, M. Cotillon,T. Frutz and M.-A. TheokyreHydrolysis of sucrose in the presence of H-form zeolites 582

S. Warwel, E. Fehling and M. KunzCopolymerization of ethylene with terminally unsaturatedfatty acid derivatives 591

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6 Symposium on Renewable Resources

S. Warwel, F. Brtise, M. Kunz, M. Rusch gen. Klaas,H. Schier and B. WiegeOleochemical epoxides as key intermediates for detergentsand polymers 598

S. Hammen, R. Heckmann, V. Wray, S. Lang and U. RauProduction and modification of microbial sophorolipids 607

P. Burghart, J. EvrardA pilot plant for new oilcrops processing 615

K. Schnatbaum, M. Belgsir and H. J. SchdferAnodic oxidation of ethoxylated lauryl alcohol at thenickelhydroxide electrode and of carbohydrates with TEMPO asmediator 616

M. Plate, M. aus dent Kahmen, H. J. SchdferAnodic addition of alkanols and acetic acid to methyl konjuenate:An easy access to new tensides and oleochemicals 618

D. Kirschneck, R. MarrRape- and Sunflower-Lecithin: from wastestream to productstream... 620

C. Bertrand, Y. Jullien, E. Desforges, N. Oget, D. Paquer, J. I. MieloszynskiSynthesis of antiwear additives application to a rapeseed oil basedlubricating fluid 631

N. Nguyen-The and S. GruloisUse of biodegradable vegetable based oils in forestry 637

D. Pioch, C. Largueze, J. GrailleRefining of vegetable and animal oils by cross-flow microfiltration .... 639

D. L. Johnson, R. Allen, J. Lambert and T. LambertEnvironmentally benign engine lubricants from vegetable oils 640

W. /. Mulder, L. A. De GraafProtein surfactants 647

L. GilCurrent and new cork based utilisations 649

R. Su, J. M.Fang, and J. TomkinsonEsterification of straw hemicelluloses for industrial applications 651

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O. K. Kikuchi and N. L.Del MastroTreatment of cellulosic wastes by electron beam irradiationand gaseous ammonia 653

P. Cappelletto, F. Mongardini, B. Barberi, M. Sannibale, M. Brizzi,V. PignatelliMiscanthus x giganteus: it is necessary to separateand concentrate the different components of the plant 654

C. A. S. Hill, H. P. S. Abdul Khalil and M. D. HaleThe use of chemically modified plant fibres in composites 663

E. C. Wilhelm, H. Themeier, H. Mack and M. G. LindhauerSmall granule starches from wheat, amaranth and quinoaas components for novel biodegradable two-phase compounds 664

S. M. PedersenEconomic analysis of dry milled and chemically modified wheatflour as a starch product in the paper industry 676

B. Kamm, M. Kamm, K. RichterNew method for preparing poly(lactic acid) from renewable rawmaterials 685

G. Lewandowicza, J. Fornalb, A. Walkozvskia,M. Maczynski, G. Urbaniaka, G. SzymanskaStarch esters obtained by microwave radiation - structure andfunctionality 693

P. Harel, G. de La Queriere, L. Mignot, G.-A. JunterRheological properties of sugar beet Ca-pectate gel usable for cellimmobilization and heavy metal accumulation 707

/. P. Krause and K. D. SchwenkeSurface adsorption and film forming behaviourof rapseed proteins (Brassica napus) 714

/. P. Krause and K. D. SchwenkePhosphorylation of rapseed proteins - Structural andfunctional aspects 716

M. Di Candilo and P. RanalliPreliminary results of tests of controlled retting of hemp 717

/. Reguant, C. Barba, D. Montane, J. Salvado and X. FarriolWheat straw pulps by fast soda/anthraquinone cooking 719

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N. Angles, J. Reguant, D. Montane and J. SalvadoSteam pretreatment effect on the fractionation and structureof different substrates 728

E. Gebhardt, U. Lehrack, G. Zehle, P. KretschmerThe industrial potential of rye 738

W. Diepenbrock, H. Rennebaum, E. GrimmMechanical properties of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)short fibres in relation to technical use 740

S. M. Erhan, K. Eskins, G. F. Fanta and F. C. FelkerFormation of stable emulsions with Fantesk™ 742

Ch. Beyer, F. Meister and E. TaegerNew aspects for processing of cellulose fibre materials as supportsused in chromatographic processes in the biotechnology 743

E. KronbergsMechanical strength testing of stalk materials and compactingenergy evaluation 746

M. Erlien, W. Mulder, L. deGraaf J.Vereijken and S. R. EckhoffThe effect of wet milling on the functionality of the maize proteins .... 757

S. Radosta, W. Vorwerg, M. Haberer and U. DrechslerMolecular properties of starch and cellulose products 759

C. Fanter, U. Gohlke, F. Loth, S. Radosta and W. VorwergInvestigation of flocculation behaviour of cationic starches 760

A. B. Thomsen, A. S. Schmidt, H. Toftegaard, W. B. Pedersen,A. Woidemann and H. LilholtNatural plant fibre composites based on wet-oxidisedwheat straw and polypropylene 762

/. M. Lawther, A. S. Schmidt, A. B. Thomsen, L. Thygesen and D. JonesImproved characterisation of plant fibres usedin composite materials 772

E. Billa, A. Pastou, B. Monties, J. Romero and E. G. KoukiosMultivariate chemometric analysis of the fluorescence spectra ofeucalyptus wood 774

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L. G. Angelinia, G. Levitab, A. Lazzeria, C. Bozzic, D. FontanellibPhysical and mechanical properties of ramie (Bohemeria nivea gaud.)and Spanish broom (Spartium junceum 1.) fibres for fibre-reinfocedcomposite materials 787

R. W. Kessler, W. Kessler and T. ReinhardtFluorescence excitation-emission spectra in combinationwith parallel factor analysis for the characterizationof steam treated wood 789

G. Mastromei, S. Daly, C. Vandini and M. PolsinelliIsolation and characterization of strains of Clostridium felsineumfor the improvement of hemp retting process 791

R. Noronha and N. CordeiroThe use of banana crops as a source of cellulosic fibers:1. Chemical composition and soda and soda-anthraquinone pulping. 795

R. Kippenhahn, A. Wdsche, A. BorcherdingEvaluation of lupin proteins as a new source of binderfor paper coating 804

H. Kamal, K. Midler, A. Wasche, A. BorcherdingProcesses for the isolation of oilseed proteins - technological andeconomical analysis 809

E. M. Salmoral, M. E. Gonzalez, M. P. Mariscal and L. F. MedinaBiodegradable plastics made from chickpea and soy 814

E. M. Salmoral, M. E. Gonzalez and M. P. MariscalBiodegradable plastic made from bean products 821

C. /. Harrison, S. Johnson and T. L. WangProduction of polyhydroxyalkanoates in peas 827

G. Wulff, A. Steinert, and O. HollerApplication of inclusion compounds of amylose derivatives andcyclodextrins in the pesticide field and for soil decontamination 830

S. Girardeau, J. Aburto, C. Vaca-Garcia, I. Alric, E. BorredonA performing method of transesterification of cellulose and amylose. 832

G. A. van IngenPlastics based on industrial proteins 837

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6 Symposium on Renewable Resources

H.-G. Fritz, J. Ruch, T. SeidenstiickerInnovative polymer blends based upon thermoplasic starchand different thermoplastic matrix materials 840

L. Heier, M. Heintges, K.-H. KromerShort flaxfibre - production and quality 842

F. Mbller and K.-U. SchivarzOptimisation of the production chain for high performancelight natural sandwich materials' (LNS) as basis for scaling up 850

K. Pahkala and M. PihalaDifferent plant parts as raw material for fuel and pulp production 852

H. W. C. Raaijmakers, H. C. Kuzee, R. Jonkerand M. W. SpoorCARBOXY/me CM as performance chemicals 867

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