6course2 sensation
TRANSCRIPT
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la nature des sensations
sentir des choses diffrentes
dans une modalit sensorielle
dans diffrentes modalits
sentir plutt que rien sentir
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Le problme de la conscience phnomnale
Brain mechanisms Sensations
Sensory inputs
Actions
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Sentir = exercer une habilit sensorimotrice
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Sentir = exercer une habilit sensorimotrice
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detailed internal
representation
le cerveau gnre savoiret actions
le cerveau
gnre lessensations
vision classique nouvelle vision
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la nature des sensations
sentir des choses diffrentes
dans une modalit sensorielle
dans diffrentes modalits
sentir plutt que rien sentir
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sensory input = f ( action )
Sensorimotor Contingencies(D. M. MacKay, 1956)
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Feeling Softness
knowing that sensorimotor
contingencies typical of softnessare currently being obeyed.
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Seeing Red
knowing that sensorimotor
contingencies typical of red arecurrently being obeyed.
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Red is the way red things
change the light (Broackes, 1992)
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Non-uniformity of color sampling
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Dual Purkinje Eye Tracker(Franois e Vitu & Denis Lancelin )
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Aline Bompas with split-field glasses
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Previous efforts
Kohler 1951 +
Mc Collough 1965 - Harrington 1965 -
Leppman & Wieland, 1966 +
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Forced choice
more yellow-ish more blue-ish
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Judging white after removing glasses
0
10
2030
40
50
60
7080
90
100
0.7 0.75 0.8 0.825 0.85 0.875
eyes to blue sideeyes to yellow
% responses blue
color
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la nature des sensations
sentir des choses diffrentes
dans une modalit sensorielle
dans diffrentes modalits
sentir plutt que rien sentir
I t d l diff
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big change
expanding flow
shifting flow
nothing
big change
no change
increasing
amplitude
asynchrony
big change
nothing
blink:
move forward:
turn sideways:
cover ears:
cover eyes:
SEEING HEARING
Intermodal differences
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Tactile Visual
Sensory Substitution
Bach y Rita (1972; 1984)
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testing
P. Meijers
The vOICe
(M. Auvray)
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Audio-Tactile SubstitutionAline Bompas, Kevin ORegan
rightmicrophone
Vibrator on
right leg
left microphone
Vibrator on left
leg
isolating
head
phones
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QuickTime et un dcompresseurcodec YUV420 sont requis pour visualiser
cette image.
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Master ENS 2004 - ORe anBotvinick & Cohen, 1998
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Seeing Straightness
knowing that sensorimotor
contingencies typical ofstraightness are currently being
obeyed.
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RETINAL
STIMULATION
CORTICAL
REPRESENTATION
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Cortex
Retina
Visual
field
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Wh t i i t l ?
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What is a sensorimotor law?
S = f(M)
INTRINSICway of describing relation which is independent
of the code
(Differential geometry, Lie Groups)
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QuickTime et un dcompresseurIntel Indeo Video 5.0 sont requis pou r visualiser
cette image.
Philipona, O Regan & Nadal,Neural Computation 2003
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QuickTime et un dcompresseursont requis pour visualiser
cette image.
Philipona, O Regan & Nadal,Neural Computation 2003
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la nature des sensations
sentir des choses diffrentes
dans une modalit sensorielle
dans diffrentes modalits
sentir plutt que rien sentir
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Why is sensory experience different fromother mental phenomena?
Corporality/Bodiliness
tight link to body motions
Alerting capacity/Grabbiness
transients incontrovertibly
grab attention
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Corporality/Bodilinessif voluntary motions systematically affect
input
e.g. visual, auditory, etc.
also: proprioception
not: autonomic sensory pathways
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Alerting Capacity/Grabbiness
capacity to peremptorily interfere withcognitive processing
(can cause exogenous attentional capture)
e.g. visual, auditory pathways, etc.not: vestibular, proprioceptive, autonomic sensory
pathways
Remembering
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Remembering
corporality alerting
capacity
-- --
Seeing
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Seeing
corporality alerting
capacity+++ +++
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"raw feel"
corporality alerting
capacity
remember -- --
see +++ +++
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"raw feel"
corporality alerting
capacity
remember -- --
feel rich + -
drive ++ -
see +++ +++
INCREASING
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alert ing
capacityvision, hearing
pain
SENSORYFEEL
thought,
memory
obsession,worry
proprioceptionrichness
happinessloneliness
fear
love
embarassment
vestibularsense
driving
touch, smell
corporal i ty
The experience of softness
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EXERCISING ASKILL !
The experience of softnessE. Myin
The experience of softness
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pE. Myin
EXERCISING ASKILL !
COGNITIVELY
ENGAGING IN
Having an experience
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cognitively engaging in:
Having an experience
the exercise of a skill
thinking, remembering
motor skills:
perceiving:
different
qualities
Sensory Quality
Phenomenality
bodiliness & grabbiness
bodiliness
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A sensorimotor account of vision and
visual consciousness
J.K.ORegan & A.No
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5, 2001
http://nivea.psycho.univ-paris5.fr
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La conscience phnomnale en une phrase
Avoir une sensation (perceptive) = tre en train d accder au
savoir qu on exerce actuellement une habilit
sensorimotrice d un type spcifique
spcificits des habilits sensorimotrices perceptives:
monde comme source d informations (mmoire externe)
corporalit
capacit d alerte
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Mystres de la conscience phnomnaleMYSTERE EXPLI CATION DONNEES
ineffab le habilits pratiques,
pas d'accs c ognitif
qualit distinct ivesintra- et inter-
modales
habilits diffrentesselon les modalits
adaptat ion cou leurssubst itution
senso rielle
qualit plutt qu e rien
(something it's like)
habilits diffrentes
compars aut resactivits menta les
"prsence " corporalit et
capac it d'alerte
ccit aux
change ments
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Ressources
Transparents du cours et autres infos:http://nivea.psycho.univ-paris5.fr
Articles en ligne sur la conscience:http://www.u.arizona.edu/~chalmers/online.html
PSYCHE http://psyche.cs.monash.edu.au/
JCS http://www.imprint.co.uk/
Abstracts de confrences rgulires:
ASSC http://www.assc.caltech.edu/
Tucson (Toward a Science of Consciousness)http://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/tucson/index.html
Q l ti d ti l 1
http://nivea.psycho.univ-paris5.fr/http://www.u.arizona.edu/~chalmers/online.htmlhttp://psyche.cs.monash.edu.au/http://www.imprint.co.uk/http://www.assc.caltech.edu/http://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/tucson/index.htmlhttp://www.consciousness.arizona.edu/tucson/index.htmlhttp://www.assc.caltech.edu/http://www.imprint.co.uk/http://psyche.cs.monash.edu.au/http://www.u.arizona.edu/~chalmers/online.htmlhttp://nivea.psycho.univ-paris5.fr/http://nivea.psycho.univ-paris5.fr/http://nivea.psycho.univ-paris5.fr/ -
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Quelques suggestions darticles 1
!! = contraire de mon approche; * = compatible mais nexpliquant pas laP-conscience
trs neuro:
* Moshe Bar & Irving Biederman, Localizing the cortical regionmediating visual awareness of object identity (awareness area)
* Nancy Kanwisher, Neural events and perceptual awareness (review onNCC)
!! Christof Koch (NCC)
!! Gabriel Kreiman, Itzhak Fried, & Christof Koch (Single neuronawareness)
Erik D. Lumer *and Geraint Rees (Awareness and rivalry)Lumer, Friston & Rees (aware percepts in rivalry)Maknik & haglund (optical images correlate with percept not with input)Sahraie, L. Weiskrantz, J.L. Barbur, et al (aware and unaware areas in
blindsight)D.L. Sheinberg & N. Logothetis (aware vs unaware neurons in rivalry)!! R. Srinivasan, D.P. Russell, G.M. Edelman, & G. Tononi!! G. Tononi, R. Srinivasan, D.P. Russell, & G.M. Edelman (awareness in
large numbers of synchronous neurons)!! S. Zeki, S. Aglioti, D. McKeefry, & G. Berlucchi (V1-V2 wavelength;
V4 color constancy)
Q l ti d ti l 2
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Quelques suggestions darticles 2plutt psycho ou philo:
* Bernard Baars (comparison of aware and aware states)
** Chalmers (phil discussion of NCC: good!)
!! Churchland (misguided hope in neural hypotheses)
!! Cotterill (master module)
!! Crick & Koch (time for NCC!)
!! Eccles (presynaptic vesicular grids of the boutons )
? Hernegger (how brain generates sensations? Interesting?)
** Hurley & No (cortical dominance and deference)
Rees, Kreiman & Koch (review on NCC)!! John Smythies (biochemical basis of coma)
** Ruediger Vaas, (Why neural correlates of consciousness are fine, but not enough (seems good!)
* Baars (global workspace article)
* Myles Bogner, Uma Ramamurthy, & Stan Franklin, Consciousness and conceptual learning in a sociallysituated agent (seems interesting!)
!! Stanislas Dehaene, Michel Kerszberg, and Jean-Pierre Changeux
!! Stevan Harnad Consciousness: An afterthought (an attempt to account for P-consc. Interesting?)!* Anthony Jack & Tim Shallice, Introspective physicalism as an approach to the science ofconsciousness (doesnt explain P-consc?)
!!!! Steven Lehar, Gestalt isomorphism (mystical?)
* Don Mathis & Michael Mozer (temporally stable computational states)
* Josh McDermott, Global workspace theory: Consciousness explained? (interesting critique of Baars)
?? George McKee, The engine of awareness: Autonomous synchronous representations (somehow timeprovides qualia)
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Sensory consciousness
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Sensory consciousness
J.K.ORegan & A.No, A sensorimotor account of vision and visualconsciousness. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5, 2001
Corporality/Alerting Capacity(bodiliness/grabbiness)J.K.ORegan, E. Myin & A.No,Towards an analytic phenomenology(in
press)
D. Philipona, J.K.ORegan, J.-P. Nadal, Is there anything out
Phenomenality
Sensory Quality
Mathematics: Inferring Space
http://nivea.psycho.univ-paris5.fr