6.5 Foreign Policy, National Security and

Defense

Do Now:

How much should we help other people?

Foreign Relations Policies

A look at the United States’ international relations policies

from birth to present day:

Monroe Doctrine (Central/South America)

“The occasion has been judged proper for asserting, as a principle in which the rights and interests of the United States

are involved, that the American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and

maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future

colonization by any European powers.”-President James Monroe-

Roosevelt Corollary (Central/South America)

Roosevelt asserted that European nations should not intervene in countries to the

south of the US, however under certain conditions,

United States intervention might be justified.

Good Neighbor Policy(Central/South America)

Its main principle was that of non-intervention and non-interference

in the domestic affairs of Latin America. It also reinforced the

idea that the United States would be a “good neighbor” and engage in reciprocal exchanges with Latin

American countries.

Isolationism

To isolate one's country from the affairs of other nations by declining to enter

into alliances, foreign economic commitments, foreign trade,

international agreements, etc., seeking to devote the entire efforts of one's country to its own advancement and remain at peace by avoiding foreign entanglements and responsibilities.

Collective Security(WWII)

A security arrangement, regional or global, in which each state in

the system accepts that the security of one is the concern of

all, and agrees to join in a collective response to threats to,

and breaches of, the peace.

Deterrence(Cold War)

Using an inferior nuclear force, by virtue of its extreme destructive power, to deter a more powerful

adversary, provided that this force could be protected against

destruction by a surprise attack.

Truman Doctrine(Cold War)

“To support free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed

minorities or by outside pressures.”

-President Harry Truman-

Containment(Cold War)

 United States policy using numerous strategies to

prevent the spread of communism abroad.

Détente(Cold War)

The general easing of geo-political tensions between the Soviet

Union and the United States which began in 1971, as a foreign policy of U.S. presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford; a 'thawing out'

or 'un-freezing' at a period roughly in the middle of the Cold War.

Internationalism

In an increasingly interconnected world, we find ourselves shifting

toward a system which advocates a greater economic

and political cooperation among nations for the theoretical

benefit of all.

4.5 Foreign Policy, National Security and

Defense

How does the United States exert it’s influence throughout the world?

The State Department

Secretary of StateRight of Legation

AmbassadorsPassports

Diplomatic Immunity

Department of Defense

Civil ControlSecretary of Defense

ArmyAir Force

Navy (Marines)

National Security

Central Intelligence Agency

Department of Homeland Security

This slide is a placeholder for a Polleverwhere.com poll slide. Use the instructions included in the documents section to create a poll using the following question.

What percentage of the federal budget goes to foreign aid?

5% or less10%20%35%50% or more

This slide is a placeholder for a Polleverwhere.com poll slide. Use the instructions included in the documents section to create a poll using the following question.

What percentage of the federal budget should go to foreign aid?

5% or less10%20%35%50% or more

Foreign Aid

The United States gives military, food, financial,

technological and political aid. Not only does this aid

improve the world economy and save lives, but it also acts as an important negotiating

tool.

Foreign Policy

How does the United States interact with countries who are behaving in a way which

A Case Study: North Korea

Economic:

•Removed foreign food and energy aid•Froze overseas bank accounts•Controlling imports/exports

A Case Study: North Korea

Military:

•Support of South Korean Military•Large military presence nearby•Military Alliance with NK and Japan

A Case Study: North Korea

Political:

•Six-Party Talks•Political Pressure•Pressure on China

Selective Service System

• An Independent Federal Agency• Exists under the Military Selective Service Act• Ensures military power in times of war (or

peace)• Draftees must report if called to military service• Controversial at times

Registering for the SSA does not mean you are going to war, it only means that the government has a way to contact you if they demand that you serve your country in war.

Who Must Register?

• Almost all males 18 ½-25• Most non-citizen men• Illegal Aliens• Legal permanent residents and refugees• National Guard and Reserves

Who is Exempt?

• Men on Student or Visitor Visas• Men involved in Diplomatic Missions• Full-time active duty military men• Men in Military Academies• Hospitalized, Imprisoned, or Severely

Disabled Men• Conscientious Objectors (to a degree)

Conscientious Objectors

• A conscientious objector (CO) is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service” on the grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, and/or religion

• Conscientious objectors are usually forced into civilian service in some supporting role

What if I don’t?

• Lose Student Loans/Grants• Fail Background or Security Checks• Lose eligibility for Citizenship• In some states: Drivers License, Permits,

ID Cards• Up to 5 years in prison and $250,000 in

fines

Recent Draft History

• Major Conflict Number Drafted • WW I -- Sept. 1917 - Nov. 1918 2,810,296• WW II -- Nov. 1940 - Oct. 1946 10,110,104 • Korea -- June 1950 - June 1953 1,529,539 • Vietnam -- Aug 1964- Feb 1973 1,857,304

The Reality

We live in an age of technological war. The percentage of soldiers in active

combat is much lower than in the past (due to the power of our war machines and new weapons). At the same time

that physical strength is becoming less of a defining characteristic of a soldier, the likelihood of needing conscription

is also diminishing.

6.5 Assignment

Should women be required to register for the Selective Service System?

Using the two readings and the information you just received write an essay supporting your answer and refuting the opposing arguments.