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Corrosive

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Properties of acids:

1. ________ ____________________

2. ____________________________

3. ____________________________

4. ____________________________

5. ____________________________

6. ____________________________

7. ____________________________8. ____________________________

Taste sour (masam)

Ca!"e #$ue $itmus paper to red

p% va$ues $ess ta! 7

Corrosive (me!"a&is)

'cid so$utio! a$$o curre!t pass trou" it

eact it active meta$s (ma"!esium* iro!) to re$ease+dro"e! a!d form sa$ts

eact it car#o!ates to re$ease car#o! dio,ide a!d form sa$t a!d

atereact it a$&a$is to form sa$t a!d ater ( !eutra$isatio! process)

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Hidrochloric acid

(Stomach acid)

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Sulphuric acid

(battery acid)

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Citric acid

(fruits)

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Phosphoric acid

(industrial fertilizer)

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Oxalic acid

(rust remover)

Tartaric acid

(cream of tartar and

bakin po!der)

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'$&a$i!esu#sta!ces or

so$utio! taste#itter

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-ee$ s$ipper+ $i&e soap e!touced it te !"er

Corrosive

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/odium +dro,ide

(used i! ma&i!" soap a!d deter"e!t)

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Potassium +dro,ide(used i! ite!i!" a"e!t or i! ma&i!" soap*

d+es a!d a$&a$i!e #atteries)

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Ca$cium +dro,ide

( used i! ceme!t a!d i! medici!e as a!tacid)

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Titration method

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0 Neutralisation equation in words:

Acid + Alkali = Salt + Water

2. The products are salt and water. ( neutral properties)

0 The reaction is called neutralisation.

0 ethod used in neutralisation is called titration method

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'cid '$&a$i /a$t so$utio! ater

,amp$es :

1. %+droc$oric acid sodium +dro,ide /odium c$oride ater

2. /u$puric acid potassium +dro,ide Potassium su$pate ater

3. %+droc$oric acid ammo!ium +dro,ide

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Application o! neutralisation process :

". #sin$ hair shampoo (alkaline) that is neutralised %&hair conditioner (acidic)

2. Appl&in$ alkaline medicine to neutralised insect %ite

(acidic)

'. astric patient drink milk o! ma$nesia (alkaline) toreduce stomach acidit&.

. Toothpaste (weak alkali) neutralised acid cause %&%acteria in the mouth.

*. #sin$ slaked lime (alkaline) to reduce soil acidit&.

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T,-S -/ 0#1/3N WAT1

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Natural resources o! water

ai! e$$ /pri!" Po!ds

ivers /eas

0ost pure

0,as little dissol4edsu%stances and dust

0Not clean

0,as lots o! dissol4ed su%stancesand dirt such as microor$anisms

0,as microor$anisms

0,as dissol4ed su%stances

05leaner than ri4er

0,as the most dissol4edsu%stances

0,as the most dirt

0irtier than ri4er

( water does not 6ow)

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ethods o! water puri7cation

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i$$s

microor"a!isms

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Small amount o! chlorine is added to ourdrinkin$ water suppl& to reduce water8%ornedisease

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uri!" disti$$atio!* ater is #oi$ed i!to steam. Te steam isco!de!sed #ac& i!to ater.

isti$$ed ater is free from microor"a!isms* disso$ved su#sta!cesa!d so$id partic$es.

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ater puricatio!ater puricatio!metodmetod

'dva!ta"e'dva!ta"e isadva!ta"eisadva!ta"e

". /iltration". /iltrationremo4es coarseremo4es coarseimpuritiesimpurities

Sand 7lters areSand 7lters arecommonl& usedcommonl& used

Water is clear (9ernih)Water is clear (9ernih)andand !ree !rom suspended!ree !rom suspended

particlesparticles(%ahan(%ahanterampai) onl&terampai) onl&

Water still hasWater still hasmicroor$anismsmicroor$anisms

2. istillation2. istillation

n4ol4esn4ol4es %oilin$ and%oilin$ andcondensationcondensation0repare pure (tulen) or0repare pure (tulen) ordistilled water (airdistilled water (airsulin$)sulin$)

Water is !ree !romWater is !ree !romsuspended su%stancessuspended su%stancesmicroor$anisms andmicroor$anisms anddissol4ed su%stancesdissol4ed su%stances(%ahan terlarut)(%ahan terlarut)

oesoes not containnot containdissol4ed mineralsdissol4ed mineralswhich our %odies needwhich our %odies need

'. ;oilin$'. ;oilin$

. 5hlorination. 5hlorinationkills microor$anismskills microor$anisms

Water %oils at "