63487271 collection of municipal solid waste key issues for decision makers in developing countries

7/31/2019 63487271 Collection of Municipal Solid Waste Key Issues for Decision Makers in Developing Countries

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/63487271-collection-of-municipal-solid-waste-key-issues-for-decision-makers 1/38

COLLECTION OF

MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE Key issues for Decision-makers in Developing Countries



COLLECTION OF

MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE

Ky r Dc-kr Dvg Cr



ii ColleCtion o muniCipal soliD waste

Cc Mc Sd Ws

Ky r Dc-kr Dvg Cr

r bhd nrb ag 2011 by un-HaBitat.Cyrgh © ud n H s prgr 2011

a rgh rrvdud n H s prgr (un-HaBitat)p. o. Bx 30030, 00100 nrb Gpo KenYat: 254-020-7623120 (Cr oc).hb.rg

Hs nbr: Hs/094/11eisBn nbr(V): 978-92-1-132385-6

DiSClaiMer

th dg yd d h r h r hbc d y h xr y hvr h r h scrr h ud n ccrg h g ycry, rrry, cy r r r hr, r ccrg h d rr bdr.

V xrd h bc d cry rfc h hud n H s prgr, h ud n, r mbr s.

excr y b rrdcd h hrz, cd h hrc dcd.

aCknoWleDgeMentS

ahr: Dr. adr Cdedr: t ojDg & ly: ir J

ph: © adr Cd



iiiColleCtion o muniCipal soliD waste

th cc c d bc rvc h h

r c bc hh d h rc dc. ury y rb dr b g

h b cg h h vr-crg q . th

chg d grr by h dvry r h ,

hch gr y d d h, b cd r d

r c ckgg, r d dcrdd crc q.

th bk r r dc-kr h d c c,

g d chc d h r ccrd grdh d cc rvc r hch hy r rb.

th bk rv rdc ch rgr bk,

bhd by un-Hb, hch d “Cc mc

sd w Dvg Cr”, d hch c b d

h CD ccyg h bk, bg vb

rd r. (i h bk rrrd y “h bk”).

th d d gg h bk r dcd d rd ch r d h bk, d h rdr h bk

crgd rr h bk r r r.

sd cc c rg chg, d h dc

cd by cy c b vry dr r h xrcd by

hr. th h bk h rdr d h r

rcr chg. th r chr r bc rc

gd d cc. Chr 2 r h chg

introDuCtion



iv ColleCtion o muniCipal soliD waste

shr r h g q c b d h

bk, ghr h k r crhv r

h bk.

why r xrcg rb h r xg•

cc vhc?

H c xd h cvrg r cc•

rvc r h rb ?

H hd h hd d rqcy cc b•

dcdd?

wh r dd rb •

cc y?

whr hd bc rg cr b cd?•

H c g h r r?•

why d dr cc rck gv dg•

r?

wh r h b dgg rcr y r•

rcr c?

wh cry rr ?•

wh c b d r h h cc•

rvc rb d v r y?

H c vv h rv cr h g •

gd rvc rb c?

wh hd b d h r ckr d•

rcycr?

h cy c dc-kr, d gg rg r

rvg h cv, ccy d ccby d

cc rvc. Chr 3 gg ky dc-

kg.



vColleCtion o muniCipal soliD waste

IntroductIon iii

cHAPtEr 1: BAsIc PrIncIPlEs 1

1.1 Local factors have a major impact 1

1.2 Involve the public 7

1.3 Observe and listen 7

1.4 Measure and monitor 9

cHAPtEr 2: ProBlEms And strAtEgIEs 10

2.1 Shortage of funds 10

2.2 Inability to provide full coverage 13

2.3 Littering and illegal dumping 13

2.4 Use of unsuitable vehicles 19

2.5 Unreliable vehicles 24

2.6 Our system is old-fashioned and we

are not recycling 25

2.7 Experience with contractors has beendisappointing 26

2.8 Too many complaints 27

2.9 Lack of public co-operation 27

cHAPtEr 3: solId wAstE collEctIon –

mAkIng dEcIsIons 29

ContentS



vi ColleCtion o muniCipal soliD waste

t cc mc sd wss bc sc s m

mcs bc d

c ws d cs.



1ColleCtion o muniCipal soliD waste

1.1 loCal aCtorS have a Major iMpaCt

th r cdr r rr ch rcrc h d y d y d h g hg

y. i y c, cc vhc d cr

hv b rchd rg br b hy hv b

cv d hv b r r y hr rd h r

ch h hr xcd dg v. i c b

q h b rchd bc crr, b y

c h h h h h y cc q rk cvy y .

i dc drd h ch k r d.

s dc-kr v c drd cr h

hcd cc vhc, d h c r vry

c. th vr h h c h r g

cx vhc d h r h dr rch r

vhc h xc h h r b chvd.ury h rg, h vhc r b

rvd h cry rvc d h cd h cy drr.

i hr c h vhc y b cd h b dvrg

r g h v rv .

Bc h ch r cr rhh cdr

h rv c cr cry. th qc hch hy r

d b gc. a r dd dc h c b d Chr 2 h bk.

BaSiC prinCipleS1



2 ColleCtion o muniCipal soliD waste

. ecs d ds czs: i c

h rd xc h hr b ccd r

ch h vry dy. i cr, rhr er, cz

cc h hr b cd r crr ccd r hr h c vry k r v

rqy. Dr rqr d dr y.

lrg ccr rck r b y rvy rg

v r ckd ch . i cr

r cr r vry b bc crd

rd h, d rd cc hv r b

cd r hr h. th dc h rd r

rrd crry hr cd by cr cr;

c rd d ccb b crryg

hr h r y dc . i chdr r

crry r cr, h cr b

z d y h chdr .

th v ccr r h vr vr cdrby

r c hr. i c r rd

h k h rr hr h cy c

hv ccr r h cd h r d h

h. my rgrd dr ccb

c r dg , ry r h rk

fdg d q-br d.

l rc cr d h cr r vry

rc k cv c rv crd cr dg .

th dg rg d cc y hd k h

d d b cdr. i y b b

chg d h ccrd cg bc

dc, b y ch chg k yr rhr h

h d gh b dg crr y r

crr d.




b. Cm: Bdgrdb (ch d ) dc

ch r hghr rr, d , h c,

vd h rdc cry

cc h r rqy h cd c. ,hch r jr c c d, brd r

rdy hghr rr, g rqrg r rq

cc. lrg vhc r d rq cc

. Hvy r y fc h

y rg cr h d.

c. t ws: thr r hg drc h r

dc d r rg hr, d vb dr r h cy. i drd

cr, h h vry dy1 bc c

rgy r d ckgg; hr drd cr

h rd r grg rcycb gh b

ch hvr. i rd cr hr yrd d r fr

r vd b br rh, hr y b rg qy

h , kg d d brv. i rc

cr hr rh d d cd d

xv, hr y b rg q r d vgb

g d d d, kg h d, d

crrv. i c r hr rg q h r

cd, r rq cc y b cry

bc h . i d, c r chrc r d r

ckg r hg, h d, dry d brv,

d rg cr b d r h dgd by h h. i g xd h h , h

rg vr dy ky b , d crc

d r g r xd , h vr dy

y b hgh.

1 Low density waste could be reerred to as “light” waste. To illustrate density, consider a 200 litre oil drum flled withwaste. I the waste has a low density, one man could lit and empty the drum. I the waste density is high, even threemen might have difculty in liting the ull drum.




w b drc d xv hg dv

y b r h r drd cr,

hr h r r hy hg y b vry

dr r.

mdr ccr rck r dgd hd -dy

h rvy dry d brv. ohr kd

rqr dr y vhc.

lw-ds c ws

lw-ds cd ws

h-ds c ws

h-ds ws w s sws




Chr 3 h bk dc h rc

chrcrc r d.

d. acc d sc: Dg h cryrd

y hv c r rg r vr dy, b cc

hg h c r rg y c h

k d h rry grd.

nrr r y hv c r cg rg

cr d y b rr, r r rrgr h

rd cc vhc c b d. H h r

cdrb dc r h r rb rd

rcr rb.

. ams: w rg cr r hr hr

r dc (dg, c, g, c) k h

cc d b d h d, h h

crd by h .

. ecmc cs: th bc b h c rg

vhc d h g d ccr rcr cdr h dcdg h y vhc .

Ccr rck h cr r d h g c

r hgh crd vhc c, b - d dd-

c cr r cc rgr cr d

r, r vhc. sd g h

b d ry r grg y

-c cr, d y c h h rd

xcv br rkr d rdcvy. a r

y grg y c rcycg

by h rv cr. th r chc d gr

h bc cr r r h h rv

cr, crgg dr rd h rv cr.

g. ls: thr y b rv rg d

rqr hhd hv d b cr r hr

, b h d b rvd d h




h crd. ey y k

dc rdc h z h rkrc. mc

y xcd h rv cr r h rv c

rvc r rv y r gr r cr2

ccr. thr y b rrc ccg

r r hg r h d y c

x.

h. c d cs: i y c

gvr dr hr c r c

g cc h d g, bc

d r rcvd ccrdg vby d h dc h yr r hr r drr. i cr

vhc r rvdd by cr gvr h rrc

h y vhc h h rc hry h

hv. th rcr r r r brd c b

d rrg rc, d ch c

y vhc h r c h c r

d r hch r r r rdy vb.

i hd h h dd dc cr h vry r

c c h rdd h rdr h c cd

hv vry r fc h c d dg

cc y, d h vry cy y

h r d hr c h cr vg

h c . mr b h rc c b d

Chr 2 h bk, d c h rc rd hrgh h bk.

1.2 involve the puBliC

exrc h h rdy h cry y

r h bc rrg r cc, d

2 Inormal sector waste workers are sel-employed and are not ofcially registered or tax purposes. They do not receivea salary rom any organisation but derive their income rom selling what they pick rom the waste or rom inormalpayments rom individual households.




dc h rgrdg h crrc y dg h , b

h r vv h bc h g

h c h, ch h y cc rvc, h rqcy

cc, h rv d c rg cr dh chrg h b d r vr v rvc. (s

sc 11.1.5 h bk).

1.3 oBServe anD liSten

i y c h ccy d cv xg q

d y c b rvd by kg dj h r

cy. By brvg h y h q d d h br rk ghr b dy rv

h r hghr rdcvy r r rkg. o h brr

hv hv gg r rvg rdcvy, b

y hry rdy h?

i s m s ws d ds ss wscc ssm.




a w dsd dc c b c mcc sd ws




wh crg y q, dg d

cc r rry d h r h crd

(h ry). uy hr r d h d b rvd

ccrdg xrc gd g h ry. a x h hdcr d r cc . o h

dg r rvd br rg br r d, d

brr r bgd hdcr h r r

cy rg r dc h r vr. th rvc

d b r c h r h ry q

brvd, h c h y g r cdrd

d rv h dg r hd r d.

1.4 MeaSure anD Monitor

C d rrchr r y k r d gh

dr c, b hr r hch y b

v r r gcd. i vry r h

rdcvy3 brr d ch, d cc h c4

r dr cr r dr y vhc. sch r c

b d cr, h c dj d

h b h d b xcd r rd rv.

(ax 3 h bk gv x c cc).

th hc ccd b h d b

cy rb d h y rrd cry. thr

yg hrd g crc: “i c b rd

c b gd”. t dc r bd dq

r. ax a1 h bk dc h rhr.

3 Productivity is a measure o the output o a worker or a machine such as the number o houses served by a vehicle inan hour or the weight o waste collected by one primary collection worker in one shit.

4 A unit cost is the cost per unit o output, such as the cost per ton o waste collected or the cost per house served.




i h c c rb h d cc

r dcrbd d rg r rdg h rb rggd.

2.1 Shortage o unDS

lck y cy cd jr rb. th hrg

y rrc r xdr – ch r, d

c, r hr y b ck c r rchg

q d vhc. prb y b b cd by hdrv rcdr h r d rv xdr

rch r r d hr c q. s

h g y b dvg rgy r

rvg h rgrdg c:

icrg h vb c rrc by:

crg c x r crg r. th y b•

d by c dr bc ry h

h cr. i y b b cr h chrg

d by r h rvc (ch crc d

hgh-c rd rr) d cr-bd h

rvc h rvdd -c r. i rv

h rvc r bg d y b ccb h

r k cr h h rv.

s rvy h vg rd’ g y

proBleMS anD StrategieS2




r g hv h h v -c

gr r g y r cc, d

hv h h h cz y b rrd y r

r rvd rvc.

crg h rr r h y h c x r•

chrg. th y b d y y, cdg

kg y r g rvc r*

hch hr hgh dd, ch crcy r h

grg b cc;

crg h v ccr, by yg h* rr h hy cc c;

crg h rvc cvrg h h dd*

hhd h rcv h cc rvc c

b chrgd r h rvc;

rvyg rd r chck hhr *

rr h rcv cc rvc ryg r .

crg h hr gr c c h•

cd d g. thr y

cdrb c r c d, d

vry rv c y d b d cr

h rr h d vb r d

g. i rv ccd h d g d gr c d,

y b rg h hd b d r d

g.

i d h rcycg c gr dd c r

c dr, b h vry ky b h c. i

c r k cc vry rr r c gvr

k r r rcycg.




th rv hd rvg h c rdc

c. Rcrr (r) c r y gd dry

r c c. i gry cry cc c d

r d d cc c rdr drhhr y rcr r r rdcd xdr.

i y c xdr r d g

r k bc h vr c c r d

dr dr bdg hdg, ch r, dr

d rr. i rdr vg h r c vg

y b cry cb h xdr rrv

h rcrr xdr d cc. i

cc y bg rd d c r b d,

bc r h y b b rc

v r r rr.

s y cc vhc r c, bc

h c cr dcd sc 1.1 bv, d sc

2.4 b. th dcd r d h bk. Hvr

y c dr -c cr hv

fc vr h y vhc h hy bc hy r

rvdd hr by dr r by cr gvr.

s c yr cd gc br gh rkr

– hy r h yr d r d g b hy

d x r d rk. a cr chck h c rkrc

c rv h r h rb.

i h c h c c b rdcd by dg r

c. Vhc h r r bc gc

r dy c r rr rr c bc hr

vhc r rqrd rc h rdr rvd h rqrd

rvc. irvd c (cdg kg d d

rd ck r r) c rv h ccy h

vhc f, hch jr c v.




c c d cc r dcd rhr

Chr 10 h bk.

2.2 inaBility to proviDe ull Coverage

my c r grg rdy, r bh d r.

th grh c crg r cc rvc, d

hg r h dc cc r r h hv b

rcy dvd rcv rvc. i cy b rv

cz, h br hhd yg h h

gh b d h rb dr y b rgrdd

c.

mr c r d q (r x,

rkg h ch dy) b r b ccd

h h rrc. irvd c y d dr

cvrg, r vhc r h rd.

th rv cr c b ggd cvr h hr rvc.

o v crcr r rch k rbyr ccg h r cr r h cy d dvrg

h d . ahr hr h rk h

rv rr cc h r h d h d

brg rr r (rry cc) d c vhc

ck h r hr d k h d . mcr-

d rr c b vry cv rry cc r

hg r h dc cc bc hy br-v

hd d q.

2.3 littering anD illegal DuMping

thr r y r hy cz dr r cr r,

r d rcr. i y c rvd rc

d bc dc cg hv v c, b

cdr hy r h dgd cr

d h c b crd bc c. s




h r r h r r d b, ghr h

gg r rvg ch rcr .

. ussc s cs: i r cr r

cv , y dr hr bd

cr rhr h . ur h c r d h

k vr h dd rch h cr hy

d hr d . th crd k

r d h cc vhc h h

h h cr, rg r vhc rdcvy.

ucry r h cr cd hgh h

rv chdr g h d d hch r dc rchdr r cdrd b dry h r d

ch h. (-rd ch r g

d r r h r, b hy r qcky

brk.) my c id r chgg r h

hrd r b h--h cc bc hr

xrc h r b. i r b r bg d

ts w s c s cd s. t d m bdc ds.




r r r d b brv rd

dg hr d k h hy hy d h hy

d. Chr 5 h bk dc b d cr h

r d r rdy r cc.

b. ofw s cs: i hrd b r

vrfg, r ccy hd b rvdd r hy hd

b d r . i rb cr r d

ccy c b crd by ddg hr cr. s

hrd r cr h r dd r dc

r qcky d by crc – ch crdbrd

bx r h r rc r cr. (ich c x h hd dc rc

d h h r cry h h d h cr hd b

rd r, d rcd h bhvr c. th

dqcy h cc crc hd b

rvd.) thr hd b ch by hch vrfg

b r rrd by cc cr r hr rvr,

rdr c h h rb d dr h cz

h h cc rvc r d rv.

i b r bg d h rqrd r dd

rqcy, y b h rv h c

h cc vhc r gg rv cr vhc

r h rqrd rqcy yg. i hr

xcv rv b cc, cr y

vrf, d hr y b r c r , fd cvgg . i ch c rd

r h , hrby g h rrdg h

d xc k.

c. W cd s cs: shrd r cr

b cd c h r ccb cc

vhc d h y kg dc h h

hy r dd rv, d hd b k ch r ccb c rd. (i c rd bjc




h rc r b hy y rv r dg

.) Rd y b g cr by rd rch

cr. th c rd hd b

gh br h c hrd cr rdrd.

d. ic d css b: i y cr,

kg g r r drvg g hr cr hk q

r dcrd d h r r g cry

rd. i cry dgr dcrd brk g d hr

hr h y; dg c r hh hzrd, d

chg g c b cdrb c, b h c hr y rgy hc. i dr

d dc-kr r c rg h -

hzrd r c, hr y b r

ryg chg bhvr d rc -r . i,

hvr, rg cdrd -c, r hr ccr

rdc h c r g, h cry

d dc d r cg d

dv rgy r rcg h cd cv

. my ch cg cr chrcr d

k c r fc chchdr. i

r r h h cry r b r c

d d rgry h cv r dr

hd hr rb y.

s c k rd h r r hrh, d rg c- dy h vry d

c h r d c. i dd h ch

rrg crg cz b r h b

vdg rg.

i r k h r rd cr

c, bc cz r r ky d gy

hr rdy hr, d r ky vhr rc h c. i hrr




rc r c rd cr vr

ch dy. lc rd r hkr y b kd rr rg rb rd r cr.

. Dm ws ds: my hk h

dr r gd c r . thy rbby g

h h fg r fh h y h

h gr b c. i c, dr r

h r b c r bc h bck

h, rvdg g rch r r q

brd d cg fdg. Rvg r dr

dc rc bc h hvy d y

hr ch h c y b rvd

c, r y cb h d d gr r cd

d. o dr r rvy d d rr

h cg rqr c h cr h h

d dh h dr, d cg cvr d rycvrd dr br rk. i r rvd

Ws cs sd b cd ds. h, wsm b s bc d.




cv rv dg dr – h , b

h r cry cd d rgry d.

sd y b b r hd dr, d hrr

rg cr d rr r hd vr b cd

x dr.

. Sc ws m c ws cc

cs: wh cc vhc r bg dd –

hr y r chcy – y

b drd h rd d r crd by g vhc

r h d. i c-rd h rk rr d h cc cr h y drd

h y qcky cd . th cc

vhc hd b cvrd by r r xc h

h vhc vg y r cc h

x, rv bg crd. ev h c

q r , r h h cc

rvc gd x.

g. Sc b ws cs: i y cr

ckr ( k cvgr d rcycr) r

hrgh r cr, kg r h hy

c r rcycg. s hy cr – hr rd

h cr r c hr hy r h hy hv

k – h h. thr rcycg

r h d hr b dcrdd h cc d

vr b, b h crg b

crgd. th c h r rd cr c

b crd by gvg rcr ckr rby

r rcr cr, g h k h hy k

b rqrg h r h h rrdg r k

c. prvdg c r h r h hy cc

h bg hrd c h rdc h crg

h r. sc 11.3 h bk rvd rr d d rgrdg h r cr.




h. : y g h g dg –

y rckd crc d d dbr –

hrd c rdr vd h c d

rrg h h d , hc d. w y b dd hrd

c by crcr h cc c . C

rv crc , gd rcrd vhc

rrvg h c d , d h c-r

h bc rrg g dg r

cr.

Chr 6 h bk dc r d b kgr d dr c.

2.4 uSe o unSuitaBle vehiCleS

sc 1.1 h bk hd d h rc

kg c cr d cr cdr. th

rcry r cc h h cc d dg

h vhc d r ccg . Chr 4 h bkdc cc y h d h rg chr

h bk – Chr 7 – ccrd h h c

cc vhc.

i cg vhc r cc rrr r cy

d. o ch hcd ccr rck h hy

r d h c cd – rcr h y ,

h c ccy h rr, h drd cd h cc rd. th hr c rrr vhc

hch r dgd r r h hv ch hghr dy

h d , h h d-crryg ccy d

h rdcvy . a rhr rb h y vhc d

r ccg h h b d vry hgh g

h vhc d b ch rvdd d h

g, d y hygc d c y.




l, sscd cmc cs w w sm ssb s.

ts c sd b cmc c. W cmc

mcsm d s c ws s , s cmc mcsm ws md.




thr g y cc vhc h d

h d rg cd d rqr. i dd

h cr d sc 1.1 bv, h dc

h d d h k g hr b k cc. i y c cc rr r

cc vhc rg bk rr vhc hch k h

r h dc h d . ag, hr

vr r b h ch rr rrb, d

cry cdr ch cc d cc h

c r h vr rv. Chr 8 h bk ccrd

h h rr h y.

a rhr cdr rcycg. sgrg rc r h

r rcycg h r k r

h hy r ccd. Cc xd dgrd h

qy rcycd r h y r b rvd by rg.

i r cdr h cc y – r h

rg cr h d – grd h. i

hd b b d h h rg cr h cc vhc c d hygc y. i hr r

g h cc d rr h d

, hy b cry c-rdd r chgy d

gc. i cc vhc r rqrd drv dd

, hy hd hv rr dg r ch gd

rc d c grd crc.

Chr 4, 7 d 8 h bk r vr cc y h

r b r - d dd-c cr. ury

h rcdd y vhc r crr rdc

d d d b crd cy. i vhc

r dd dg r b crd, cry

r bd ry d rv h dg d cr

d ccrdg rg xrc, br rdcg rgr

br. i h dv c r cvrd by gr rgvr r r gcy, h crr dd




h c h dv h r ry vhc h

g rc vhc crd bqy. i y vhc

r rdrd h dd c h rc ch vhc

y r dv b . thrr hr d r

c-rd b c r dv gc r

c br rdr d rcv rc.

Sm cs s d. i sm ss sb m cc.

ts sm cs smms d dc c wcs ws dss s.




my c Ch hv vry cc cc y h

rr cd dy d rb r.

th y h y dvg h d k vry b

rb cr hr cr. i dcrbd sc 8.2.4 h bk.

i hd h h c d hr d h r

h bk cvc dc-kr h h dg

cc y d h cc d c h vhc

rqr cr g d dd v chc d

c r, d hd b bd r rg

xr, d bg d by h r xcv . thdvc r c hd b d

cry bd cr v h c , d d

rrc.

2.5 unreliaBle vehiCleS

Vhc y b rb bc hy r d h rk

hy hv d r h cd hy rk , bc hy rdrv cry r d hr y, r bc hy r

rry d. th rby vhc c b rd

r hr vby, hch h rr h h

hy r vb r rvc.

th r rg h vhc r rb c d

cy h cry. sc r y b dd r vhc

h d ch h rg d g d vg d r h rk h r dy cd, r bd rd.

thr d-crryg cc hd b chd h gh

h hy crry, h hy r vrdd.

th k b r r h jr c h

rby r vby vhc. a dcd sc 9.5 h

bk, h rcr r r y b dyd by brcrc

hrd gc rqr. i hrr hghy




rcdd rck ch h r dy d h cy

r hr r – h r r c b rchd r c

dr rhr h rqrg rg xchg d r – d

h h d-crryg bd hd b d h h cry h rr c b d qcky.

th dr cc r vhc hd b rrd dd

d cr r h h c h ch r d

r h rch vhc h r cb rvdg

h rqrd rvc.

i y c h cr c d b chgd.wg r brkd d kg rgcy rr rch

h r rby. prvv c r h

cd ch vhc by r chck, d

rc c br hy . th rvv c

r hghr vby r f vhc dd

chv h rqrd v rrc. ax a2 rvd

h dc dd r rvv c

y.

Bd drvg c c rd dg cch d yr,

bdyrk d hr c. Rcrd ch dg c

h hch drvr d b rrd r rcd.

Chr 9 h bk dc h r c

cc r d.

2.6 our SySteM iS olD-aShioneD anD We are notreCyCling

th r cdr h rgrd cc rvc

hhr r d hd r dr; h r

hhr h bg ccd c, hygc

d rb y. i r c h r d

h hd. ech c h rcr chrcrc h




rqr cc rvc h h b dgd h

c chrcrc. i k hk h hr b

y r y . i y c cc hd h

d cdr “d hd” rvd ch br rh q h cdrd dr. i y c

hd, g hdcr r vhc, rvd ch br

rvc h h cd b rvdd g rg d hcd

ccr rck.

th r r rcycg. Dr hd r dd

r dr cd. Rcycg c hv vr d

cc b d b y. th xvhd d drd cr r gry dd

- d dd-c cr bc h rg br

r cr rkr h r d r xd ch

r cvy h h -chd hd d rchr

cr. ir cr rcycg c c gvr hg.

er r dd vryhr crg -rc grg.

C h hv cv r cr rcycg hd k r

y h r cr rv rhr h

ryg rc r rcycg h c y.

mr r c b d ax a4.2 h bk.

2.7 experienCe With ContraCtorS haS BeenDiSappointing

prv cr c – rkg crcr, rch r c – c r gc dvg rvdg

d cc rvc d g vhc, bc

hr cd xr d hr v brcrcy. i

h cc rvc crcd , h rqrd c

xdr cr d c c r brbd hy

chrg. ohr dvg rv cr rc r

dcd y bk d r, cdg h d h




rrc ax a6 h bk. sc 11.2 h bk

dc rv cr vv.

Hvr, xrc h b dg. i y c h

h b bc h rb c gvr c hv

b cy rrd, h crc d xc hv

b rr, drg d c rcdr dq

d rg d g hv b cv. ev h

rvc r rvdd by h rv cr, cdrb rby

r h h bc cr. oc br

d rd h hr crr d bcd5

y.

2.8 too Many CoMplaintS

mc gr hd c c r r:

C r rg h rvc. w•

cc rkr r cv vr rb r, d

dc rv h d r hr cvvr ch d r. C r rd d

hkr r rc r b h

h cc rvc bg rvdd, dcg

hr h g h b dq, hr rkr

hv d rc d hr xr rrc

r dd. (s hkr d rd r

d vry r r- cr.) th

y h c r , c y brb r r r cz drdg hr

rb. Rcrd cdc c

c b dcr rrc d r

rgr.

5 In some cases the ear o being accused o corruption causes municipal ofcials to behave in some very undesirableways towards contractors, to demonstrate that they are not taking bribes. Thereore the two dangers o corruption andear o accusation must be considered in a balanced way.




C r cc h r h rvc.•

C hd b rdd r

r by c c h cry, b

fc h y h rvc rvdd d h rrbck h r h d h c h c

h h b k. sch r r cc b

c c d h gr bc c b d

“ rd” – dv rc d drdg

h cc rvc.

2.9 laCk o puBliC Co-operation

sd cc rvc h rqr h c-r d

rc rg rr h cz. i h v h

c-r cdrd b dq, r r h

g gg y h rv h :

D h br h bc drd h hy r rqrd

d? i cry rvd r vr dr

y br rcvd d drd by h jry h. a hr rvy bd h vr c-

cc grg cy y b c dc h

cz drd h hy r rqd d h hr .

D h cz drd gh b h g

rvc h hy c drd hy cry chrg h

r h rvc r cr h chrg? i y b cry

x h h rv d, d h c ygg cc h d d rd h crr.

trr ccg d r r br h bc

r r b h d g y y b

h xg h d r y chrg.

H h bc b cd? i cz hv b kd d

hg h ccb h, drdb h

hy d c-r h c. C h r




hd b r rc h g c h rvc

h c h drcy. nghbrhd c y b

ch r rg b h rr d rqr

rd.

i h -y f r cv, cry

rr rc y h cd cr r

h rqrd bhvr d h r -cc,

cv h h cry.

tc d bs c sm bms d d wscc.




t r h bk, h g gd r ggd r

h dc rgrdg d cc r b d:

ivv hd h rr d r c •

dc rg h c q,

h vb chc dvc cdrd d hr

rby d rh crd.

ay k d h bjcv rvdg cc•

d rb rvc d c h c b rch

h bjcv h rcr c cd. Rbr

h, y , vhc rr ch

br h rg, cx ccr rck.

D ch ch rc h rcd •

r c hy h h hy hv

gd drdg c cd d c x

h hy hv k c cd cc.

l h v y v, d h•

bc, br dcdg r hch hy hv

rcr kdg r r.

ecrg h cc d c d, rcry•

c d r, h c d c b d

h kg dc d h rgr h rvc c

SoliD WaSte ColleCtion – MakingDeCiSionS3




b rd g rrc d ccd rgr

rv.

B h vv h rv cr, b d•

xc rc. Br vvg h rv cr

r h h c h b vvd r

rd.

lk r y rkg h h r cr •

rkr h crd q r rcycd,

h r r cr d hr rkg cd r

rvd.



This booklet is concerned with the collection o garbage and other

types o solid waste rom houses, shops and other commercial

premises, and with the sweeping o streets and public areas.

It has been written or two purposes.

The frst purpose is to provide suggestions to guide decision-

makers when they are considering changes in waste collection

equipment or in the way that a waste collection service is provided

or managed. Because decision-makers oten have little time or

reading, it is written in a concise orm and avoids details. It beginsby introducing our basic principles and then discusses common

problems or challenges and possible ways o managing them.

The second purpose is to introduce a comprehensive new book,

also published by UN-Habitat, and also on the topic o municipal

solid waste collection. This book provides a wealth o explanations,

examples and practical inormation on how to make waste

collection systems economical, reliable and sustainable. This bookcan be ound on a CD that is included with this booklet.

Collection of municipal solid waste

Key issues or Decision-makers in Developing Countries

UNITED NATIONS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROGRAMMEP.O. Box 30030, GPO Nairobi 00100, Kenya

Tel: +254 20 7623120; Fax: +254 20 7623477/4266/4267

63487271 collection of municipal solid waste key issues for decision makers in developing countries

Documents