At

Initial specific enthalpy,

Initial entropy,

Initial specific volume,

,

Final specific enthalpy,

Final entropy,

Final specific volume,

(a)

As visible from the data obtained, the specific volumes at both the states are equal.

Write the equation for the work output in an internally reversible process, with the volume constant

Here, are the velocities at the inlet and exit respectively,

is the elevation of the inlet with respect to the exit and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

(b)

If there is a presence of friction in the pump, then there would be an increase in the work input required.

This happens so because, the irreversibility like friction consumes a part of the energy supplied to the water. In order to compensate the consumed energy by the irreversibility, we need to supply more work input to the pump.