6.1Intelligent User Interfaces:achievements and challenges

ISE554

The WWW for eLearning

“Even a good match between person and system is unlikely to last. Tasks change over time and

so do we.”

Intelligent User Interfaces

Intelligent User Interfaces

The term intelligent interface is used to refer to user interfaces that respond flexibly to events in some

purposeful way.

Intelligent User Interfaces

The term intelligent also includes systems that have explicit human knowledge represented within them.

Intelligent User Interfaces

In the sense that an intelligent interface responds flexibly to events, it can be thought of as

adaptive.

The agent that performs the adaptation

the system specialistthe trained user/local

expertthe end userthe system itself

The level of concern of the adaptation

perceptual and motor skillsuser goals and meaning the information environment

The basic questions

what is the interface being intelligent about? to what purpose is change made?what is the protocol for agreeing change?who has access to the knowledge employed?

What is the interface being intelligent about?

What is the interface being intelligent about?The user or the services being provided?

To what purpose is change made?

To what purpose is change made?Help with skills, goals or the environment?

What is the protocol for agreeing change?

What is the protocol for agreeing change?How is an adaptation authorised, implemented and evaluated?

Who has access to the knowledge employed?

Who has access to the knowledge employed?Knowledge engineer, expert or end user?

Achievements and challenges

Adapting to the user

"Excepting the use of psychometric testing it is unlikely in the near or even semi-distant future that any persistent personality or

cognitive traits can be derived from monitoring user interaction"

Browne 1990

Offer the user a tip

contain a clear description of the rationale of the adaptationpresent comprehensive selection and definition

opportunitiesoffer a survey of previously performed adaptationsallow for future changes to the adaptations.

Opperman 1992

Offer the user a tip but

Adapting to the services

Required in domains such as Process Control, where unpredictable events

occur

Being intelligent about the services

Being intelligent about the user's task and the availability of software

that could support it.

End-user access to the knowledge in the interface

Where an expert is working in a complex domain, in which the

knowledge is changing following testing, or discovery, then knowledge

refinement is critical.

Beyond Intelligent Interfaces

Beyond Intelligent InterfacesCo-operative Problem Solving

Co-operative Problem Solving

Beyond user interfacesProblem articulation in context

Increasing “back-talk”The need for specialisation

Problem domain communications

Fischer and Reeves

Beyond user interfaces

Fischer and Reeves

Beyond user interfacesknowledge about the world

Fischer and Reeves

Problem articulation in context

Fischer and Reeves

Problem articulation in contextexploration shapes the situation

Fischer and Reeves

Increasing “back-talk”

Fischer and Reeves

Increasing “back-talk”

the need for high fidelity feedback

Fischer and Reeves

The need for specialisation

Fischer and Reeves

The need for specialisationmaking the information relevant to

the task

Fischer and Reeves

Problem domain communications

Fischer and Reeves

Problem domain communications providing domain-orientated

architectures

Fischer and Reeves

Intelligent Interfaces and Beyond

“system inferences are made by monitoring the user’s interactions, which typically are information

poor.”