60ghz injection locked frequency quadrupler with injection locked frequency quadrupler with...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
60GHz Injection LockedFrequency Quadrupler with
Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process
Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami,Kenichi Okada, and Akira Matsuzawa
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
![Page 2: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
1Outline• Background
• Principle of 60GHz synthesizers
• Design and measurement design
• Summary
![Page 3: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
2Motivation60GHz unlicensed band
[1] http://www.tele.soumu.go.jp
Frequency [GHz]57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66
America , Canada
Europe
Japan
Australia
Frequency [GHz]57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66
America , Canada
Europe
Japan
Australia
• 9GHz-BW around 60GHzSeveral-Gbps wireless communication
• Use of CMOS processFab. cost is very important to generalize it.RF&BB mixed chip can be realized.
![Page 4: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
3Our target
60GHz 2.16GHz-full 4ch direct-conversion by CMOS QPSK 3Gbps & 16QAM 6Gbps & 64QAM 9GbpsIEEE 802.15.3c conformance
RF Front-End
15GHz PLLLPF VCO
LNA
Buff VGALPF ADC
Bas
eban
dLS
I
FD
1/N
RF Front-End
Buff VGALPF ADC
LPF DAC
LPF DACPA
60GHz ILO with I/Q
![Page 5: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
4Performance of CMOS
• Mixed with digital componentsCostDigital assist
• Higher f T and fmax
Advantages
Weak
• Low gain• Lossy passive devices• Larger noise• Increase the cost as more miniaturization
![Page 6: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
5Performance of passive devices
• MOS varactor-Small Cmax/Cmim
-Large parasitic cap.-Low quality factor
• Switched capacitor array-Low quality factor
• Inductor-Small inductance-Large loss due to skin effect
![Page 7: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
6Possibilities for quadrature 60GHz LO
・ 60GHz VCO with RC polyphase filter+ Smaller layout area- Phase mismatch due to wide required frequency range- Larger loss due to parasitic loading and small R
・ 60GHz QVCO+ Robust and reliable- Narrower tuning range- Worse phase noise
・ VCO with harmonic doublers+ Better phase noise- Larger power consumption
![Page 8: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
7Injection locked oscillator
60GHz IQ ILO1/N
PFD CP LPF
Incident PLL (15GHz)
Using injection locked oscillator
• Phase noise・・・Depends on incident PLL• Frequency tuning range・・・Required• Circuit area・・・Larger
![Page 9: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
8Performance of passive devices
Multiple ratio is determined by phase noise of incident VCO
Multiple ratio 2 3 4
Output [GHz]
Input [GHz] 28.5 - 33 19 - 22 14.2 - 16.5
Inductor 22 22 22Quality factor of
Capacitance
Phase noise
Locking
57 - 66
Capacitor 17 26 35severe middle capable
poor middle goodso-so severe severe
![Page 10: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
9Comparison of injection method
feature:• Locked at low output voltage• Hard to multiple by even number
Parallel-type
• Locked at cross point• Able to multiple by even number
feature:
Direct-type
![Page 11: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
10Schematic of the ILO
Target frequency range : 57 to 66 GHz
![Page 12: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
11Chip micrograph
150um
60um
Fabricated by using 65nm CMOS process
![Page 13: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
12Measured spectrum
![Page 14: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
13Measured efficiency
• Input matching is not included in TEG
![Page 15: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
14ILO measurement summaryThis work ISSCC2008[1]
Technology CMOS 65nm CMOS 90nm
Power supply 0.6 [V] 1.0 [V]
Injection method Direct Parallel (with Polyphase filer)
Multiple ratio 4 3
Input 15 [GHz] 20 [GHz]
Tuning range 56.3 - 63.3 [GHz] 60.0 [GHz] (fixed)
Locking range 60.36 - 60.44 [GHz] 56.5 - 64.5 [GHz]
Power consumption 3.1 - 6.8 [mW] 9.6 [mW][1] W. L. Chan, et. al, ISSCC2008
![Page 16: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
15Conclusion
• A transmission-line-based frequency quadrupler using direct injection technique is proposed.
• The proposed ILO can achieve wide tuning range with small power consumption.
![Page 17: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
16
IEEE802.15.3c60GHz channel plan
Ref: IEEE 802.15-09-192-003c with draft doc.Channel Number
Low Freq.(GHz)
Center Freq.(GHz)
High Freq.(GHz)
Nyquist BW(MHz)
Roll-OffFactor
A1 57.240 58.320 59.400 1760 0.227A2 59.400 60.480 61.560 1760 0.227A3 61.560 62.640 63.720 1760 0.227A4 63.720 64.800 65.880 1760 0.227
1 2 4
240 MHz
120 MHz
1760 MHz2160 MHz
3
fGHz57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66
4 channels of 2.16GHz-BW
![Page 18: 60GHz Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Injection Locked Frequency Quadrupler with Quadrature Output in 65nm CMOS Process Shoichi Hara, Takahiro Sato, Rui Murakami, Kenichi](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022012917/5ab455c87f8b9a86428baf50/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
S. Hara, Tokyo Tech.
17Measurement setup